Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

PM Formula Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Integrative Therapeutics

PM Formula label
See full label image
Tablet Or Pill Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking PM Formula against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

PM Formula is a dietary supplement by Integrative Therapeutics with 4 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for hot flashes and night sweats, other menopause symptoms, mood changes during menopause.Based on those ingredients, 1,263 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) root extract, Hops (Humulus lupulus) flower extract, Black Cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) root and rhizome extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against PM Formula by Integrative Therapeutics

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with PM Formula by Integrative Therapeutics — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of PM Formula by Integrative Therapeutics

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 4 of its 4 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

PM Formula contains four active ingredients. Black cohosh extract is traditionally used for menopausal symptoms and is possibly effective for that purpose.

Hops flower extract, valerian root extract, and L-theanine round out the blend—valerian is possibly effective for insomnia, and L-theanine is possibly effective for cognitive function. The product also contains several inactive ingredients (cellulose, magnesium stearate, carnauba wax, and others) that serve as binders and fillers.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Perimenopause relief.
  • We looked for evidence on: Menopausal symptoms, Anxiety, Insomnia, Stress, Depression, Dysmenorrhea — and 4 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Black Cohosh is rated "Possibly Effective" for Menopausal symptoms (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Valerian is rated "Possibly Effective" for Insomnia.
  • Also on file: Hops is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Anxiety, Insomnia, Menopausal symptoms.

The product's main ingredient, black cohosh, is possibly effective for menopausal symptoms based on available evidence. L-theanine is possibly effective for cognitive function.

Valerian root is possibly effective for insomnia. For the other claimed uses—such as hops for anxiety, L-theanine for age-related cognitive decline, and valerian for stress—the evidence in our data is insufficient to rate effectiveness.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Black Cohosh Hops Theanine Valerian

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 4 of the 4 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 4 of 4.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 4 of 4.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Black cohosh is generally well tolerated short-term, but rare liver concerns mean it's wise to get medical guidance before use. Valerian and hops are generally well tolerated short-term, though valerian can cause drowsiness and may lead to withdrawal symptoms (agitation, insomnia) if stopped abruptly after long-term use.

L-theanine is generally well tolerated in healthy adults for short-term use. Common side effects across the ingredients include headache, dizziness, drowsiness, and gastrointestinal upset.

Black cohosh should not be used during pregnancy—there isn't enough safety data and it may affect the uterus. Safety while breastfeeding has not been established for any of the ingredients, so it's best to avoid this product.

Avoid valerian abrupt discontinuation after extended use; taper slowly.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Black Cohosh Hops Theanine Valerian

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 4 of the 4 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Hops, Black Cohosh, Valerian, Theanine.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • For scale: 1,264 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking PM Formula, double-check with your pharmacist if you take serotonergic drugs like SSRIs or SNRIs (antidepressants)—black cohosh carries a Moderate risk. Also check CNS depressants (sedatives, sleeping pills, anxiety medications), antihypertensive drugs (blood pressure medications), estrogen therapy, hepatotoxic drugs, glucuronidated drugs, or alcohol use.

These are Moderate concerns. If you take cisplatin or are on CYP2D6-metabolized medications, discuss this product as well.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

PM Formula is designed for sleep support and menopausal symptom relief, with some evidence backing valerian for insomnia and black cohosh for hot flashes. If you take antidepressants, blood pressure medications, sedatives, estrogen therapy, or any liver-metabolized drugs, check this product with your pharmacist or doctor first—the interactions are real and can affect how your medications work.

Not for pregnancy or breastfeeding.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 4 of 4 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jul 24, 2019.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about PM Formula, straight from the product label.

Brand Integrative Therapeutics
Barcode (UPC) 871791000209
Net contents 30 PM Tablet(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jul 24, 2019
DSLD ID 204542
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Tablet Or Pill
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Vegetarian, Adult Female (18 - 50 Years), Menopause, Gluten Free, Dairy Free, Sugar Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for PM Formula by Integrative Therapeutics, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Tablet(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
1 Tablet(s)
UPC/BARCODE
871791000209
IngredientAmount% DV
Black Cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) root and rhizome extract20 mg--
Hops (Humulus lupulus) flower extract100 mg--
L-Theanine50 mg--
Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) root extract200 mg--

Other ingredients: Cellulose, Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose, Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose, Magnesium Stearate, Silicon Dioxide, Carrot extract color, Paprika extract, Soy Lecithin, Carnauba wax

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formula

Perimenopause relief

Contains soy.

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

FDA Disclaimer Statement

This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Precautions

Contains soy.

Do not use if pregnant or nursing.

Not recommended for use by children under 18 years of age.

Discontinue use and consult your healthcare professional if you have a liver disorder or develop symptoms of liver trouble, such as abdominal pain, dark urine or jaundice. Avoid alcohol and do not drive or operate machinery while taking this product.

If you have a kidney disorder, are taking sedatives, tranquilizers or any prescription drugs, consult your healthcare professional prior to use.

Keep out of reach of children.

This product has a tamper-evident blister sheet. Do not use if foil or plastic is punctured!

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Recommendations: PM: Take 1 (purple) PM tablet approximately 30-45 minutes before bedtime or as recommended by your healthcare professional. It may take four to five weeks to achieve full benefits. Continue use to maintain benefits.

Brand IP Statement(s)

Suntheanine and Sunphenon are registered trademarks of Taiyo International, Inc.

2019 Integrative Therapeutics, LLC

Formulation

Contains no sugar, salt, yeast, wheat, gluten, dairy products, ingredients of animal origin, or artificial flavors, or preservatives.

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

PM Formula by Integrative Therapeutics label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

PM Formula label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in PM Formula by Integrative Therapeutics

These are the 4 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Tablet(s) Dosage formTablet Or Pill Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Black Cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) root and rhizome extract

Interacts with
652 drugs
20 mg per serving Form: Triterpene Glycosides

Black cohosh is a North American plant most often used to ease menopause symptoms like hot flashes, but the research is mixed and far from settled. It...

Black Cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) root and rhizome extract monograph & interactions

Hops (Humulus lupulus) flower extract

Interacts with
863 drugs
100 mg per serving

Hops are most often used for sleep and mild anxiety, frequently combined with valerian, but the human evidence is limited and not very strong. They ar...

Hops (Humulus lupulus) flower extract monograph & interactions

L-Theanine

Interacts with
565 drugs
50 mg per serving

Theanine (usually L-theanine) is an amino acid found naturally in tea leaves that many people take to feel calmer and less stressed without strong dro...

L-Theanine monograph & interactions

Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) root extract

Interacts with
902 drugs
200 mg per serving Form: Valerenic Acids

Valerian is an herb whose root is widely used as a natural sleep aid and for calming nerves. The evidence is mixed and often weak, so it may help some...

Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) root extract monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Cellulose, Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose, Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose, Magnesium Stearate, Silicon Dioxide, Carrot extract color, Paprika extract, Soy Lecithin, Carnauba wax. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

PM Formula by Integrative Therapeutics Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against PM Formula?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
1,263Drugs
943 Moderate 320 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) root extract 902
Hops (Humulus lupulus) flower extract 863
Black Cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) root and rhizome extract 652
L-Theanine 565

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in PM Formula interact with 1,263 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

4 of the 4 ingredients in PM Formula interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) root extract Hops (Humulus lupulus) flower extract Black Cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) root and rhizome extract L-Theanine

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in PM Formula with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) root extract6 drug types · 902 drugs

Alcohol (Ethanol)

Valerian can have additive sedative effects when used concomitantly with alcohol.
Valerian has sedative effects. Theoretically, valerian might have an additive sedative effect when combined with alcohol. Excessive sedation has been reported in an alcohol-abusing individual who took valerian and Gingko biloba. However, the potential interaction between valerian and alcohol has been disputed in other research. Limited evidence suggests that a combination of valerian 160 mg and lemon balm 80 mg (Euvegal) does not cause further deterioration in reaction ability and reaction rate when taken with alcohol as compared to the effects of alcohol alone.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Alprazolam (Xanax)

Valerian can have additive sedative effects when used with alprazolam. Also, valerian in high doses might modestly increase alprazolam levels, though this is not likely to be clinically significant.
Valerian has sedative effects. Theoretically, valerian might cause additive sedation when combined with alprazolam. Also, a small pharmacokinetic study shows that taking valerian extract 1000 mg daily (providing 11 mg valerenic acid) might increase alprazolam levels by about 19%. This might be due to valerian's mild inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). Despite being statistically significant, this increase is not likely to be clinically significant.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Cns Depressants

Valerian can have additive sedative effects when used concomitantly with CNS depressant drugs.
Theoretically, concomitant use of valerian and drugs with sedative and anesthetic properties may cause additive therapeutic and adverse effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Glucuronidated Drugs

Valerian might weakly inhibit glucuronidation and increase concentrations of drugs metabolized by UGT1A1 and UGT2B7.
In vitro research shows that methanolic valerian extract and valerenic acid might competitively inhibit UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A1 (UGT1A1) and UGT2B7.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates

Valerian does not seem to have a clinically relevant effect on levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Although some in vitro evidence suggests that valerian affects CYP2D6, clinical pharmacokinetic (PK) studies show that valerian is unlikely to affect the CYP2D6 enzyme. In one PK study, taking valerian 1000 mg (providing about 11 mg valerenic acid) nightly for 14 days did not affect the metabolism of dextromethorphan, a CYP2D6 substrate. In another PK study, taking valerian 125 mg three times daily for 28 days did not affect metabolism of debrisoquine, an accepted CYP2D6 probe-substrate.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence B
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Valerian does not seem to have a clinically relevant effect on levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Although some in vitro evidence suggests that valerian extract might inhibit or induce CYP3A4, clinical pharmacokinetic (PK) studies show that valerian does not have a clinically significant effect on the CYP3A4 enzyme. In one PK study, taking valerian 125 mg three times daily for 28 days did not affect metabolism of midazolam, an accepted CYP3A4 probe-substrate. In another PK study, taking valerian 1000 mg (providing about 11 mg valerenic acid) nightly for 14 days modestly increases levels of alprazolam, a CYP3A4 substrate, suggesting mild inhibition of CYP3A4. However, this mild inhibition is unlikely to be clinically relevant.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) root extract full monograph & interactions

Hops (Humulus lupulus) flower extract4 drug types · 863 drugs

Cns Depressants

Theoretically, concomitant use of hops with sedative drugs might cause additive sedation.
Some animal research shows that hops has sedative effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Estrogens

Theoretically, concomitant use of large amounts of hops might interfere with hormone replacement therapy due to competition for estrogen receptors.
In vitro research suggests that certain hops constituents can competitively bind to estrogen receptors. However, most hops extracts contain very small amounts of these constituents.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Hops extract does not seem to affect the metabolism of CYP1A2 substrates.
In vitro research suggests that flavonoid constituents of hops inhibit CYP1A2 enzyme activity. However, a pharmacokinetic study in healthy postmenopausal patients shows that taking a standardized extract of spent hops containing prenylated phenols, as 59.5 mg twice daily for 2 weeks, does not affect levels of caffeine, a CYP1A2 probe substrate.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, hops extract might alter metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates; however, this effect may not be clinically significant.
Animal research suggests that specific constituents of hops, called lupulones, can induce hepatic CYP3A4 enzyme activity. However, a pharmacokinetic study in healthy postmenopausal patients with normal metabolism shows that taking a standardized extract of spent hops containing prenylated phenols, as 59.5 mg twice daily for 2 weeks, decreases the concentration of alprazolam, a CYP3A4 probe substrate, by 7.6%. This reduction is unlikely to be clinically relevant.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Hops (Humulus lupulus) flower extract full monograph & interactions

Black Cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) root and rhizome extract7 drug types · 652 drugs

Atorvastatin (Lipitor)

Taking black cohosh with atorvastatin might increase the risk for elevated liver function tests.
In one case report, a patient taking atorvastatin (Lipitor) developed significantly elevated liver function enzymes after starting black cohosh 100 mg four times daily. Liver enzymes returned to normal when black cohosh was discontinued. It is unclear whether the elevated liver enzymes were due to black cohosh itself or an interaction between atorvastatin and black cohosh.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cisplatin (Platinol-Aq)

Theoretically, black cohosh may reduce the clinical effects of cisplatin.
Animal research suggests that black cohosh might decrease the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin on breast cancer cells.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates

Some research suggests that black cohosh might inhibit CYP2D6, but there is conflicting evidence.
Some clinical research suggests that black cohosh might modestly inhibit CYP2D6 and increase levels of drugs metabolized by this enzyme. However, contradictory clinical research shows a specific black cohosh product (Remifemin, Enzymatic Therapy) 40 mg twice daily does not significantly inhibit metabolism of a CYP2D6 substrate in healthy study volunteers. Until more is known, use black cohosh cautiously in patients taking drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Estrogens

Theoretically, black cohosh may alter the effects of estrogen therapy.
Some research suggests that black cohosh has estrogenic effects. This may enhance or inhibit the effects of estrogen therapy.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Hepatotoxic Drugs

Theoretically, taking black cohosh with hepatotoxic drugs may increase the risk of liver damage.
There is concern that black cohosh might be linked to cases of liver failure and autoimmune hepatitis.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Serotonergic Drugs

Combining serotonergic drugs with black cohosh might cause additive serotonergic effects.
Black cohosh might increase the risk of serotonin syndrome when combined with other serotonergic drugs. Black cohosh acts as an agonist at several serotonin receptor subtypes and might interact with other serotonergic medications. In one case, a 55-year-old female who had been on stable treatment with sertraline 50 mg and duloxetine 60 mg daily developed serotonin syndrome after taking black cohosh extract 40 mg daily for 3 days.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide Substrates (Oatp)

Black cohosh may inhibit one form of OATP, OATP2B1, which could reduce the bioavailability and clinical effects of OATP2B1 substrates.
In vitro research shows that black cohosh modestly inhibits OATP2B1. OATPs are expressed in the small intestine and liver and are responsible for the uptake of drugs and other compounds into the body. Inhibition of OATP may reduce the bioavailability of oral drugs that are substrates of OATP.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Black Cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) root and rhizome extract full monograph & interactions

L-Theanine3 drug types · 565 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theanine might lower blood pressure, potentiating the effects of antihypertensive drugs.
Animal research shows that theanine can lower blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive animals. Theoretically, concomitant use of theanine and antihypertensive drugs might potentiate the antihypertensive activity.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cns Depressants

Theoretically, theanine might have additive sedative effects when used in conjunction with CNS depressants. However, it is unclear if this concern is clinically relevant.
Theoretically, theanine may compete with glutamate and/or increase plasma gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels, which could cause CNS depression. In one clinical study, some subjects taking oral theanine reported drowsiness.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Serotonergic Drugs

Clinical studies regarding the effects of L-theanine on serotonin levels are conflicting. Some studies suggest it can increase serotonin levels in the brain while others report that it may decrease them. Nevertheless, there have been no reports of l-theanine being a causative agent in serotonergic-related side effects or serotonin syndrome.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence C
L-Theanine full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for PM Formula, from the product label.

Integrative Therapeutics

See all Integrative Therapeutics products
Name
Integrative Therapeutics, LLC
City
Green Bay
State
WI
ZipCode
54311
Phone Number
800.931.1709
Web Address
integrativepro.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

PM Formula by Integrative Therapeutics: Common Questions

Does PM Formula by Integrative Therapeutics interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, PM Formula has a known interaction with 1,263 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
PM Formula contains 4 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is black cohosh safe for hot flashes?
Black cohosh is possibly effective for menopausal symptoms including hot flashes based on the evidence we have. However, there's a rare concern about liver damage, so talk with your doctor or pharmacist before starting it—especially if you already take any medications that stress the liver.
Can I take this if I'm on an antidepressant?
Black cohosh in this product may increase serotonin activity and could theoretically interact with antidepressants. There's even a case report of serotonin syndrome when black cohosh was combined with two antidepressants. Check with your pharmacist before taking PM Formula alongside any antidepressant.
Will this make me drowsy?
Yes, possibly. Valerian and hops both have sedative effects, and L-theanine may cause drowsiness. Common side effects include dizziness and mental slowness. Don't drive or operate machinery until you know how you respond.
What if I stop taking valerian suddenly?
If you've been using this product long-term and stop abruptly, you may experience withdrawal symptoms like agitation, insomnia, and anxiety. Taper your dose slowly rather than stopping cold turkey.
Is it safe during pregnancy or breastfeeding?
No. Black cohosh should be avoided in pregnancy—there isn't enough safety data and it may affect the uterus. Safety while breastfeeding hasn't been established for any of the four ingredients, so it's best to skip this product if you're nursing or trying to conceive.
Can I take this with blood pressure medication?
L-theanine may lower blood pressure and could add to the effect of your antihypertensive medication. Discuss this with your doctor or pharmacist before combining them.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

PM Formula label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind PM Formula’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Black Cohosh

Interacts with 652 drugs

Black cohosh is a North American plant most often used to ease menopause symptoms like hot flashes, but the research is mixed and far from settled. It is generally well tolerated for short-t...

Read the full Black Cohosh monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Hops

Interacts with 863 drugs

Hops are most often used for sleep and mild anxiety, frequently combined with valerian, but the human evidence is limited and not very strong. They are generally well tolerated when used sho...

Read the full Hops monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Theanine

Interacts with 565 drugs

Theanine (usually L-theanine) is an amino acid found naturally in tea leaves that many people take to feel calmer and less stressed without strong drowsiness. Early research suggests it may...

Read the full Theanine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Valerian

Interacts with 902 drugs

Valerian is an herb whose root is widely used as a natural sleep aid and for calming nerves. The evidence is mixed and often weak, so it may help some people sleep but does not work reliably...

Read the full Valerian monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

PM Formula's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 126 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Black Cohosh 68 references
  1. McFarlin BL, Gibson MH, O'Rear J, Harman P. A national survey of herbal preparation use by nurse-midwives for labor stimulation. Review of the literature and recommendations for practice. J Nurse Midwifery 1999;44:205-16. PubMed
  2. Whiting PW, Clouston A, Kerlin P. Black cohosh and other herbal remedies associated with acute hepatitis. Med J Aust 2002;177:440-3. PubMed
  3. Pepping J. Black cohosh: Cimicifuga racemosa. Am J Health Syst Pharm 1999;56:1400-2. PubMed
  4. Liske E. Therapeutic efficacy and safety of Cimicifuga racemosa for gynecologic disorders. Adv Ther 1998;15:45-53.
  5. Kruse SO, Lohning A, Pauli GF, et al. Fukiic and piscidic acid esters from the rhizome of Cimicifuga racemosa and the in vitro estrogenic activity of fukinolic acid. Planta Med 1999;65:763-4.
  6. Jacobson JS, Troxel AB, Evans J, et al. Randomized trial of black cohosh for the treatment of hot flashes among women with a history of breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2001;19:2739-45. PubMed
  7. Gunn TR, Wright IM. The use of black and blue cohosh in labour. N Z Med J 1996;109:410-1.
  8. Baillie N, Rasmussen P. Black and blue cohosh in labour. N Z Med J 1997;110:20-1.
  9. Lontos S, Jones RM, Angus PW, Gow PJ. Acute liver failure associated with the use of herbal preparations containing black cohosh. Med J Aust 2003;179:390-1.. DOI
  10. Wuttke W, Seidlova-Wuttke D, Gorkow C. The Cimicifuga preparation BNO 1055 vs. conjugated estrogens in a double-blind placebo-controlled study: effects on menopause symptoms and bone markers. Maturitas 2003;44:S67-77. PubMed
  11. Huntley A, Ernst E. A systematic review of the safety of black cohosh. Menopause 2003;10:58-64.. DOI
  12. Cohen SM, O'Connor AM, Hart J, et al. Autoimmune hepatitis associated with the use of black cohosh: a case study. Menopause 2004;11:575-7. PubMed
  13. Vitetta L, Thomsen M, Sali A. Black cohosh and other herbal remedies associated with acute hepatitis. Med J Aust 2003;178:411-2.. PubMed
  14. Thomsen M, Vitetta L, Schmidt M, Sali A. Acute liver failure associated with the use of herbal preparations containing black cohosh. Med J Aust 2004;180:598-600.. DOI
  15. Cohen B, Schardt D. Center for Science in the Public Interest. Letter to Food and Drug Administration. Commissioner Mark McClellan, MD, PhD. March 4, 2004.
  16. Seidlova-Wuttke D, Hesse O, Jarry H, et al. Evidence for selective estrogen receptor modulator activity in a black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) extract: comparison with estradiol-17beta. Eur J Endocrinol 2003;149:351-62. PubMed
  17. Rockwell S, Liu Y, Higgins SA. Alteration of the effects of cancer therapy agents on breast cancer cells by the herbal medicine black cohosh. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2005;90:233-9. PubMed
  18. Levitsky J, Alli TA, Wisecarver J, Sorrell MF. Fulminant liver failure associated with the use of black cohosh. Dig Dis Sci 2005;50:538-9. PubMed
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Hops 15 references
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Valerian 37 references
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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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