Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

PMS Support Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Women's Ensemble by MegaFood

PMS Support label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Botanical With Nutrients
Most serious interaction: Major
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking PMS Support against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

PMS Support is a dietary supplement by Women's Ensemble by MegaFood with 3 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for menopause symptoms, menstrual cramps and irregular periods, premenstrual syndrome (pms).Based on those ingredients, 336 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Evening Primrose Oil, Dong Quai root extract, Chaste Tree Berry Extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against PMS Support by Women's Ensemble by MegaFood

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with PMS Support by Women's Ensemble by MegaFood — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of PMS Support by Women's Ensemble by MegaFood

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 3 of its 3 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

Women's Ensemble by MegaFood's PMS Support contains three active ingredients. Dong Quai root extract has been used traditionally for female reproductive health.

Evening Primrose Oil is a plant oil rich in gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), an omega-6 fatty acid. Chaste Tree Berry Extract (also called Vitex) comes from the berries of the chaste tree and is included for hormonal balance.

The product also contains inactive ingredients — medium chain triglyceride, hypromellose, microcrystalline cellulose, silicon dioxide, and beetroot — which serve as capsule material, binders, and fillers.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: supports healthy hormonal balance and menstrual comfort.
  • We looked for evidence on: Dysmenorrhea, Premenstrual syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), Mastalgia, Amenorrhea, Menorrhagia — and 3 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Vitex Agnus-castus is rated "Possibly Effective" for Mastalgia (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Vitex Agnus-castus is rated "Possibly Effective" for Premenstrual syndrome (PMS).
  • Also on file: Evening Primrose is rated "Likely Ineffective" for Mastalgia.

For PMS, the ingredient with the strongest evidence is Chaste Tree Berry Extract, which is rated Possibly Effective for premenstrual syndrome itself. The same ingredient is also Possibly Effective for mastalgia (breast pain related to hormones).

Dong Quai root extract shows Insufficient Reliable Evidence for the conditions listed in the data we hold — including migraine, heart disease, and anemia — so we can't say whether it works for those uses. Evening Primrose Oil is rated Likely Ineffective for mastalgia and Possibly Ineffective for asthma.

The bottom line: the Chaste Tree Berry may help with PMS symptoms, but the other two ingredients lack solid evidence for their intended uses in this formula.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Dong Quai Evening Primrose Vitex Agnus-castus

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 3 of the 3 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 3 of 3.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 3 of 3.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Dong Quai is generally well-tolerated when taken by mouth, with burping and flatulence being the most common side effects. However, the safety notes advise caution because it may increase bleeding risk and cause skin sensitivity to sunlight; it's considered Possibly Unsafe in pregnancy and should be avoided while breastfeeding due to insufficient safety data.

Evening Primrose Oil is also generally well-tolerated short-term; common side effects include abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. It's rated Possibly Safe in pregnancy and lactation, though the safety note recommends avoiding it in pregnancy unless your doctor directs otherwise.

Chaste Tree Berry Extract is generally well-tolerated but may cause diarrhea, fatigue, headache, insomnia, irregular menstruation, nausea, skin irritation, and stomach upset. It's rated Possibly Unsafe in both pregnancy and lactation due to possible hormonal effects and limited safety data.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Dong Quai Evening Primrose Vitex Agnus-castus

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 3 of the 3 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Dong Quai, Vitex Agnus-castus, Evening Primrose.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; lithium.
  • For scale: 336 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before you take this, double-check with your pharmacist if you're on warfarin or any blood thinner or antiplatelet drug (like aspirin for heart protection) — Dong Quai and Evening Primrose Oil both raise bleeding risk. Also check if you take estrogen-based hormone replacement therapy, oral contraceptives, antipsychotic medications, dopamine agonists (for Parkinson's), lithium, metoclopramide (Reglan), or phenothiazine antipsychotics.

No interactions are documented for the other ingredients we could not check in our data.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product is designed for PMS support, and the Chaste Tree Berry has some evidence for that use. However, if you take warfarin, any blood thinner, hormone therapy, antipsychotics, lithium, metoclopramide, or certain other medications, you need to check with your pharmacist before starting — the interactions are real and can affect how your drugs work.

Pregnant or breastfeeding? Talk to your doctor or pharmacist first.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 3 of 3 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Feb 23, 2025.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about PMS Support, straight from the product label.

Brand Women's Ensemble by MegaFood
Barcode (UPC) 051494105061
Net contents 30 Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Feb 23, 2025
DSLD ID 327593
Product type Botanical With Nutrients
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Vegetarian, Women (not pregnant or lactating), No Allergies, Adult Female (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for PMS Support by Women's Ensemble by MegaFood, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Liquid Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
1 Liquid Capsule(s)
Servings per container
30
UPC/BARCODE
051494105061
IngredientAmount% DV
Dong Quai root extract100 mg--
Evening Primrose Oil250 mg--
Chaste Tree Berry Extract100 mg--

Other ingredients: Medium Chain Triglyceride, Hypromellose, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Silicon Dioxide, Beetroot

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formula

Beadlets + liquids

PMS Support features chaste tree berry to support healthy hormonal balance associated with the menstrual cycle and help manage occasional menstrual cycle discomfort.

Formulation

Supports healthy hormonal balance & occasional menstrual cycle discomfort

This product's color can vary.

Women's Ensemble is a collection of wellness products designed specifically for the cycles and stages of female health.

Tested for 125+ Pepticides Made without 9 food allergens Glyphosate Residue Free detoxfreeproject.org Gluten Free Made without milk, eggs, peanuts, tree nuts, soy, wheat, fish, shellfish and sesame.

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested use: Adults take 1 liquid capsule daily with food and beverage.

Brand IP Statement(s)

VidaSpheres is licensed exclusively by Nutracode, LLC

Vidasoheres Beadlet Technology

Precautions

Keep out of reach of children.

Do not use if seal under cap is broken or missing.

Caution: Do not use if pregnant. If you are nursing, taking medications or have a hormone-sensitive condition, consult your healthcare practitioner before use.

Storage

Store tightly sealed in a cool placed and avoid exposure to moisture. Once open, consume within three months.

Seals/Symbols

Tested for 125+ Pepticides Glyphosate Residue Free detoxfreeproject.org Vegetarian Certified B Corporation

General Statements

Learn about our seals: megafood.com/standards

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

PMS Support by Women's Ensemble by MegaFood label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

PMS Support label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in PMS Support by Women's Ensemble by MegaFood

These are the 3 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Liquid Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Dong Quai root extract

Interacts with
163 drugs
100 mg per serving

Dong Quai is a traditional Chinese herb often called "female ginseng" and is mostly used for menstrual and menopausal complaints. High-quality scienti...

Dong Quai root extract monograph & interactions

Evening Primrose Oil

Interacts with
233 drugs
250 mg per serving

Evening primrose oil is a seed oil rich in gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), an omega-6 fatty acid, that is popularly used for skin conditions, PMS, and bre...

Evening Primrose Oil monograph & interactions

Chaste Tree Berry Extract

Interacts with
121 drugs
100 mg per serving

Vitex (chasteberry) is an herbal remedy most often used for PMS and menstrual cycle problems, and the strongest evidence is for easing some PMS sympto...

Chaste Tree Berry Extract monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Medium Chain Triglyceride, Hypromellose, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Silicon Dioxide, Beetroot. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

PMS Support by Women's Ensemble by MegaFood Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against PMS Support?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
336Drugs
2 Major 251 Moderate 83 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Evening Primrose Oil 233
Dong Quai root extract 163
Chaste Tree Berry Extract 121

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in PMS Support interact with 336 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

3 of the 3 ingredients in PMS Support interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Evening Primrose Oil Dong Quai root extract Chaste Tree Berry Extract

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in PMS Support with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Evening Primrose Oil5 drug types · 233 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, evening primrose oil may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Evening primrose oil contains gamma linolenic acid (GLA). There is preliminary clinical evidence that GLA can reduce platelet aggregation and prolong bleeding time.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Lithium

Theoretically, concomitant use of lithium with evening primrose oil might decrease lithium levels and effects.
In a case report, a patient on a stable dose of lithium for 10 years experienced a reduction in lithium levels after taking evening primrose oil 500 mg daily. Baseline levels were 0.69 mmol/L, which decreased to 0.37 mmol/L after 2 months and 0.23 mmol/L after 3 months of use. Lithium levels increased within 6 weeks of discontinuing evening primrose oil, to 0.73 mmol/L; no clinical effects were noted.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Lopinavir/Ritonavir (Kaletra)

Theoretically, evening primrose oil might increase the levels and effects of lopinavir.
In a case report, an HIV patient who took evening primrose oil (Efamol) along with lopinavir/ritonavir experienced an increase in serum levels of lopinavir to 15.2 mg/L. Six weeks after discontinuing evening primrose oil, levels of lopinavir returned to the normal range of 5-10 mg/L. When re-challenged with evening primrose oil for a week, the patient's lopinavir levels increased from 6.69 to 8.11 mg/L. It is suspected that evening primrose oil increases levels of lopinavir by inhibiting cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), which metabolizes lopinavir. However, this effect has not been reported in other research.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Phenothiazines

Theoretically, taking evening primrose oil with phenothiazines might increase the risk of convulsions.
Evening primrose oil contains gamma-linolenic acid (GLA). There is some concern that taking supplements containing GLA might cause seizures, or lower the seizure threshold, when taken with phenothiazines. In one report, three patients with schizophrenia who had received phenothiazines developed EEG changes suggestive of temporal lobe epilepsy after starting treatment with GLA, although none experienced an actual seizure. In another report, two patients with schizophrenia who were stabilized on phenothiazines developed seizures when evening primrose oil 4 grams daily was added. One of these patients had a prior history of seizures. It is unclear whether evening primrose oil had any additive epileptogenic effects with the phenothiazines; there is no evidence that taking evening primrose oil alone causes seizures.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates

Theoretically, evening primrose may increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP2C9 substrates.
In vitro research shows that linoleic acid, a constituent of evening primrose oil, inhibits CYP2C9.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Evening Primrose Oil full monograph & interactions

Dong Quai root extract3 drug types · 163 drugs

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Dong quai may increase the risk of bleeding when used with warfarin.
Case reports suggest that concomitant use of dong quai with warfarin can increase the anticoagulant effects of warfarin and increase the risk of bleeding. In one case, after 4 weeks of taking dong quai 565 mg once or twice daily, the international normalized ratio (INR) increased to 4.9. The INR normalized 4 weeks after discontinuation of dong quai.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, dong quai may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs; however, research is conflicting.
Animal studies suggest that dong quai has antithrombin activity and inhibits platelet aggregation due to its coumarin components. Additionally, some case reports in humans suggest that dong quai can increase the anticoagulant effects of warfarin. However, clinical research in healthy adults shows that taking 1 gram of dong quai root daily for 3 weeks does not significantly inhibit platelet aggregation or cause bleeding. Until more is known, use dong quai with caution in patients taking antiplatelet/anticoagulant drugs.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Estrogens

Theoretically, dong quai may reduce the effects of estrogens.
Dong quai has estrogenic effects. Theoretically, concomitant use of large amounts of dong quai might interfere with hormone replacement therapy due to competition for estrogen receptors.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Dong Quai root extract full monograph & interactions

Chaste Tree Berry Extract5 drug types · 121 drugs

Antipsychotic Drugs

Theoretically, vitex agnus-castus could interfere with the activity of antipsychotic drugs.
Vitex agnus-castus might interfere with the action of dopamine antagonists such as antipsychotic drugs due to its dopamine agonist effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Contraceptive Drugs

Theoretically, vitex agnus-castus could interfere with oral contraceptives.
Vitex agnus-castus might interfere with the efficacy of oral contraceptives due to possible hormone modulating activity.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Dopamine Agonists

Theoretically, vitex agnus-castus could interfere with dopamine agonists.
Vitex agnus-castus might potentiate the actions of dopaminergic agonists due to possible dopaminergic effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Estrogens

Theoretically, vitex agnus-castus could interfere with the activity of estrogens.
Vitex agnus-castus has hormone modulating activity that can interfere with the efficacy of hormone replacement therapy.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Metoclopramide (Reglan)

Theoretically, dopaminergic effects of vitex agnus-castus could interfere with metoclopramide.
Vitex agnus-castus might interfere with the action of dopamine antagonists such as metoclopramide due to its possible dopaminergic effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Chaste Tree Berry Extract full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for PMS Support, from the product label.

Women's Ensemble by MegaFood

See all Women's Ensemble by MegaFood products
Name
MegaFood
Street Address
PO Box 5244
City
Manchester
State
NH
ZipCode
03108
Phone Number
800-848-2542
Web Address
megafood.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

PMS Support by Women's Ensemble by MegaFood: Common Questions

Does PMS Support by Women's Ensemble by MegaFood interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, PMS Support has a known interaction with 336 medications, including 2 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
PMS Support contains 3 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take this if I'm pregnant or trying to get pregnant?
Dong Quai is rated Possibly Unsafe in pregnancy and should be avoided. Evening Primrose Oil is rated Possibly Safe, but the safety note recommends avoiding it unless your doctor says it's okay. Chaste Tree Berry is Possibly Unsafe in pregnancy. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist before taking this product if you're pregnant or planning pregnancy.
What side effects might I notice?
The most common side effects across these ingredients are digestive — burping, flatulence, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. Chaste Tree Berry may also cause fatigue, headache, insomnia, irregular periods, skin irritation, or stomach pain. Dong Quai can cause skin sensitivity to sunlight.
Is this safe while I'm breastfeeding?
Evening Primrose Oil is rated Possibly Safe while breastfeeding. Dong Quai and Chaste Tree Berry should both be avoided — there isn't enough safety information, and they may affect milk-related hormones. Check with your doctor or pharmacist before use.
Does this actually help with PMS?
Chaste Tree Berry Extract is rated Possibly Effective for premenstrual syndrome. The other two ingredients don't have solid evidence for PMS in the data we hold, so the main evidence in this formula is the Chaste Tree Berry.
What does Chaste Tree Berry do?
Chaste Tree Berry (Vitex) is included for its hormone-balancing effects and is the ingredient with evidence for PMS and breast pain (mastalgia). It may affect how your body handles hormones, which is why it can interact with birth control and hormone therapy.
Can I take this with my birth control?
Chaste Tree Berry may interfere with oral contraceptives, so you'll want to check with your pharmacist before combining them. This is one reason it's important to review all your medications before starting this product.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

PMS Support label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind PMS Support’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Dong Quai

Interacts with 163 drugs

Dong Quai is a traditional Chinese herb often called "female ginseng" and is mostly used for menstrual and menopausal complaints. High-quality scientific evidence that it works for these use...

Read the full Dong Quai monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Evening Primrose

Interacts with 233 drugs

Evening primrose oil is a seed oil rich in gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), an omega-6 fatty acid, that is popularly used for skin conditions, PMS, and breast pain. The evidence behind most of th...

Read the full Evening Primrose monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Vitex Agnus-castus

Interacts with 121 drugs

Vitex (chasteberry) is an herbal remedy most often used for PMS and menstrual cycle problems, and the strongest evidence is for easing some PMS symptoms. It is generally well tolerated by ma...

Read the full Vitex Agnus-castus monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

PMS Support's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 75 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Dong Quai 19 references
  1. Hirata JD, Swiersz LM, Zell B, et al. Does dong quai have estrogenic effects in postmenopausal women? A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Fertil Steril 1997;68:981-6. PubMed
  2. Page RL II, Lawrence JD. Potentiation of warfarin by dong quai. Pharmacotherapy 1999;19:870-6. PubMed
  3. Heck AM, DeWitt BA, Lukes AL. Potential interactions between alternative therapies and warfarin. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2000;57:1221-7. DOI
  4. Eagon PK, Elm MS, Hunter DS, et al. Medicinal herbs: modulation of estrogen action. Era of Hope Mtg, Dept Defense; Breast Cancer Res Prog, Atlanta, GA 2000;Jun 8-11.
  5. Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases. Available at: http://www.ars-grin.gov/duke/.
  6. Amato P, Christophe S, Mellon PL. Estrogenic activity of herbs commonly used as remedies for menopausal symptoms. Menopause 2002;9:145-50. PubMed
  7. Shi M, Chang L, He G. [Stimulating action of Carthamus tinctorius L., Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels and Leonurus sibiricus L. on the uterus]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 1995;20:173-5, 192.
  8. Hoult JR, Paya M. Pharmacological and biochemical actions of simple coumarins: natural products with therapeutic potential. Gen Pharmacol 1996;27:713-22.. PubMed
  9. Cheong JL, Bucknall R. Retinal vein thrombosis associated with a herbal phytoestrogen preparation in a susceptible patient. Postgrad Med J 2005;81:266-7.. PubMed
  10. Chang CJ, Chiu JH, Tseng LM, et al. Modulation of HER2 expression by ferulic acid on human breast cancer MCF7 cells. Eur J Clin Invest 2006;36:588-96. PubMed
  11. Chuang CH, Doyle P, Wang JD, et al. Herbal medicines used during the first trimester and major congenital malformations: an analysis of data from a pregnancy cohort study. Drug Saf 2006;29:537-48. PubMed
  12. Lau CBS, Ho TCY, Chan TWL, Kim SCF. Use of dong quai (Angelica sinensis) to treat peri- and postmenopausal symptoms in women with breast cancer: is it appropriate? Menopause 2005;12:734-40.
  13. Ellis GR, Stephens MR. Untitled (photograph and a brief case report). BMJ 1999;319:650.
  14. Nambiar, S., Schwartz, R. H., and Constantino, A. Hypertension in mother and baby linked to ingestion of Chinese herbal medicine. West J Med 1999;171(3):152.
  15. Lee, S. K., Cho, H. K., Cho, S. H., Kim, S. S., Nahm, D. H., and Park, H. S. Occupational asthma and rhinitis caused by multiple herbal agents in a pharmacist. Ann.Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2001;86(4):469-474. PubMed
  16. Xu, J. and Li, G. [Observation on short-term effects of Angelica injection on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with pulmonary hypertension]. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 2000;20(3):187-189.
  17. Scott, G. N. and Elmer, G. W. Update on natural product--drug interactions. Am J Health Syst.Pharm 2-15-2002;59(4):339-347. PubMed
  18. Circosta, C., Pasquale, R. D., Palumbo, D. R., Samperi, S., and Occhiuto, F. Estrogenic activity of standardized extract of Angelica sinensis. Phytother.Res. 2006;20(8):665-669.
  19. Fung FY, Wong WH, Ang SK, et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo- controlled study on the anti-haemostatic effects of Curcuma longa, Angelica sinensis and Panax ginseng. Phytomedicine. 2017;32:88-96. PubMed

See these in context on the Dong Quai monograph →

Evening Primrose 33 references
  1. Shaw D, Leon C, Kolev S, Murray V. Traditional remedies and food supplements: a 5-year toxicological study (1991-1995). Drug Saf 1997;17:342-56.
  2. Laivuori H, Hovatta O, Viinikka L, et al. Dietary supplementation with primrose oil or fish oil does not change urinary excretion of prostacyclin and thromboxane metabolites in pre-eclamptic women. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 1993;49:691-4. PubMed
  3. Dove D, Johnson P. Oral evening primrose oil: its effect on length of pregnancy and selected intrapartum outcomes in low-risk nulliparous women (abstract). J Nurse Midwifery 1999;44:320-4. PubMed
  4. Guivernau M, Meza N, Barja P, Roman O. Clinical and experimental study on the long-term effect of dietary gamma-linolenic acid on plasma lipids, platelet aggregation, thromboxane formation, and prostacyclin production. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty A PubMed
  5. Cant A, Shay J, Horrobin DF. The effect of maternal supplementation with linoleic and gamma- linolenic acids on the fat composition and content of human milk: a placebo-controlled trial. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 1991;37:573-9. PubMed
  6. Keen H, Payan J, Allawi J, et al. Treatment of diabetic neuropathy with gamma-linolenic acid. The gamma-Linolenic Acid Multicenter Trial Group. Diabetes Care 1993;16:8-15.
  7. Blommers J, de Lange-De Klerk ES, Kuik DJ, et al. Evening primrose oil and fish oil for severe chronic mastalgia: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002;187:1389-94.. DOI
  8. Cheung KL. Management of cyclical mastalgia in oriental women: pioneer experience of using gamolenic acid (Efamast) in Asia. Aust N Z J Surg 1999;69:492-4..
  9. Das UN. The lipids that matter from infant nutrition to insulin resistance. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2002;67:1-12. PubMed
  10. Wedig KE, Whitsett JA. Down the primrose path: petechiae in a neonate exposed to herbal remedy for parturition. J Pediatr 2008;152:140, 140.e1. PubMed
  11. Ty-Torredes KA. The effect of oral evening primrose oil on bishop score and cervical length amongst term gravidas. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2006;195(6 Suppl 1):S30.
  12. Moodley J and Norman RJ. Attempts at dietary alteration of prostaglandin pathways in the management of pre-eclampsia. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 1989;37(3):145-147. PubMed
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Vitex Agnus-castus 23 references
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