Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 5 of 7 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

ProbioMax Plus DF Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by XYMOGEN

ProbioMax Plus DF label
See full label image
Other (e.g. Tea Bag) Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking ProbioMax Plus DF against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

ProbioMax Plus DF is a dietary supplement by XYMOGEN with 7 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for constipation, diarrhea, high cholesterol.Based on those ingredients, 2,162 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Dietary Fiber, Bifidobacterium longum Bl-05, Lactobacillus acidophilus LA14. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against ProbioMax Plus DF by XYMOGEN

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with ProbioMax Plus DF by XYMOGEN — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of ProbioMax Plus DF by XYMOGEN

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Partial disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Partial

Most active ingredients list an amount, but at least one is hidden in a blend or missing.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 4 of its 7 active ingredients.
  • “Proprietary Blend (Non-Nutrient/Non-Botanical)” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (174 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

ProbioMax Plus DF contains six active ingredients: four live probiotic strains (Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, HOWARU Bifido, and Lactobacillus plantarum), plus larch arabinogalactan as a prebiotic fiber and Saccharomyces boulardii, a beneficial yeast. These work together as a multispecies probiotic blend to support gut health.

The product also contains silica as an inactive ingredient.

Does it work?

Strong evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Strong

Clinical evidence supports at least one of this product's ingredients for its stated purpose.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: intestinal ecology cellular health and immunity.
  • We looked for evidence on: Antibiotic-associated diarrhea, Bacterial vaginosis, Clostridioides difficile infection, Colic, Common cold, Constipation — and 4 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Black Psyllium is rated "Effective" for Constipation (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Saccharomyces Boulardii is rated "Possibly Effective" for Antibiotic-associated diarrhea, Rotaviral diarrhea, Travelers' diarrhea, Clostridioides difficile infection.
  • Also on file: Lactobacillus Acidophilus is rated "Possibly Effective" for Antibiotic-associated diarrhea, Bacterial vaginosis.

The evidence is mixed. Lactobacillus acidophilus shows possibly effective ratings for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), Helicobacter pylori infection, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and bacterial vaginosis.

Saccharomyces boulardii is possibly effective for rotaviral diarrhea, travelers' diarrhea, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, necrotizing enterocolitis, Clostridioides difficile infection, and Helicobacter pylori. For Bifidobacterium longum and arabinogalactan, the evidence we hold rates their uses as having insufficient reliable evidence—meaning the science isn't yet clear enough to say whether they work for the conditions tested.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Black Psyllium Larch Arabinogalactan Saccharomyces Boulardii Bifidobacterium Longum Lactobacillus Acidophilus

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 5 of the 5 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 5 of 5.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 5 of 5.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

These probiotics are generally well tolerated in healthy people. However, caution is warranted if you're seriously ill, immunocompromised, or critically ill—there are rare but documented cases of bacterial or fungal bloodstream infections in vulnerable patients, especially premature infants and those in intensive care.

Rare gastrointestinal side effects include abdominal discomfort, bloating, flatulence, constipation, and in one case a dry cough. Lactobacillus acidophilus is possibly safe in pregnancy and lactation, but safety data for the other ingredients are limited—talk with your doctor or pharmacist before use if you're pregnant or breastfeeding.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Black Psyllium Larch Arabinogalactan Saccharomyces Boulardii Bifidobacterium Longum Lactobacillus Acidophilus

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 5 of the 5 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Black Psyllium, Saccharomyces Boulardii, Lactobacillus Acidophilus, Larch Arabinogalactan, Bifidobacterium Longum.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: immunosuppressants / transplant drugs; heart-rhythm medications; lithium.
  • For scale: 2,163 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Check before starting if you take antibiotic drugs (most serious concern—space them out from this product), immunosuppressants like tacrolimus or cyclosporine, or antifungal medications. These interaction types can reduce how well either the supplement or your medication works.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glancePartially disclosed formula with clinical evidence supporting its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This multispecies probiotic may help with IBS, traveler's diarrhea, or antibiotic-related diarrhea if you're generally healthy. Skip it or talk to your doctor first if you're critically ill, immunocompromised, or taking immune-suppressing medications.

Always check your medications with the tool on this page, especially antibiotics, antivirals, and immunosuppressants.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 5 of 7 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jan 25, 2017.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about ProbioMax Plus DF, straight from the product label.

Brand XYMOGEN
Barcode (UPC) 871149003005
Net contents 30 Stick Pack(s); 69 Gram(s); 2.4 oz.
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jan 25, 2017
DSLD ID 69244
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Other (e.g. Tea Bag)
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for ProbioMax Plus DF by XYMOGEN, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
2.3 Gram(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
2.3 Gram(s)
Servings per container
30
UPC/BARCODE
871149003005
IngredientAmount% DV
Calories5 Calorie(s)--
Total Carbohydrates1 Gram(s)--
Dietary Fiber1 Gram(s)4%
Bifidobacterium longum Bl-050 NP--
Lactobacillus acidophilus LA140 NP--
HOWARU Bifido50 mg--
Arabinogalactan1.5 Gram(s)--
Lactobacillus plantarum0 NP--
Saccharomyces boulardii500 mg--
Proprietary Blend (Non-Nutrient/Non-Botanical)174 mg--

Other ingredients: Silica

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Precautions

Individuals taking antifungal or other medication should discuss potential interactions with their healthcare practitioner.

Do not use if tamper seal is damaged.

Storage: Keep tightly closed in a cool, dry place out of reach of children.

Consult your healthcare practitioner prior to use, especially if you have severe immune suppression.

Brand IP Statement(s)

ProbioMax Plus DF is an ideal combination of ingredients for individuals seeking a well-rounded supplement to address intestinal ecology, cellular health, and immunity.

Howaru

Howaru is a registered trademark of Danisco A/S and used under license.

2015 XYMOGEN

Not for resale on third-party websites, including, but not limited to, Amazon and eBay.

Formula

It features well-researched probiotic strains; Saccharomyces boulardii, a non-pathogenic yeast; and arabinogalactan, a prebiotic.

General Statements

By combining these ingredients, the individual benefits of each component can be complemented by the mechanisms of the others.

Comprehensive support for gut ecology

ePV:

Exclusive professional formulas

Scan to learn more! This package is completely recyclable

Professional use only

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Storage

Storage: Keep tightly closed in a cool, dry place out of reach of children.

Formulation

Does Not Contain: Wheat, gluten, soy, animal or dairy products, fish, shellfish, peanuts, tree nuts, egg, ingredients derived from genetically modified organisms (GMOs), artificial colors, artificial sweeteners, or artificial preservatives.

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

General

ZLB-PROBSB-02 REV. 070815

Seals/Symbols

Third-Party Verified GMP Compliant

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Directions: Dissolve the contents of one stick pack in 1–2 oz pure water and consume one to three times daily, or take as directed by your healthcare practitioner.

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

ProbioMax Plus DF by XYMOGEN label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

ProbioMax Plus DF label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in ProbioMax Plus DF by XYMOGEN

These are the 7 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size2.3 Gram(s) Dosage formOther (e.g. Tea Bag) Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Dietary Fiber

Interacts with
2,025 drugs
1 Gram(s) per serving

Black psyllium is a soluble-fiber supplement made from the seeds of a Plantago plant, used mostly to ease constipation and support digestive health. I...

Dietary Fiber monograph & interactions

HOWARU Bifido

50 mg per serving

Arabinogalactan

Interacts with
121 drugs
1.5 Gram(s) per serving Form: Larix laricina

Larch arabinogalactan is a soluble fiber from larch trees that is mainly used as a prebiotic and for immune support. Early research is interesting but...

Arabinogalactan monograph & interactions

Saccharomyces boulardii

Interacts with
40 drugs
500 mg per serving

Saccharomyces boulardii is a beneficial yeast used as a probiotic, with the strongest evidence for preventing and treating certain types of diarrhea,...

Saccharomyces boulardii monograph & interactions

Proprietary Blend (Non-Nutrient/Non-Botanical)

174 mg per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Silica. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

ProbioMax Plus DF by XYMOGEN Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against ProbioMax Plus DF?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
2,162Drugs
325 Moderate 1,837 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Dietary Fiber 2,025
Bifidobacterium longum Bl-05 182
Lactobacillus acidophilus LA14 182
Arabinogalactan 121
Saccharomyces boulardii 40

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in ProbioMax Plus DF interact with 2,162 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

5 of the 7 ingredients in ProbioMax Plus DF interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Dietary Fiber Bifidobacterium longum Bl-05 Lactobacillus acidophilus LA14 Arabinogalactan Saccharomyces boulardii

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in ProbioMax Plus DF with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Dietary Fiber7 drug types · 2,025 drugs

Carbamazepine (Tegretol)

Theoretically, black psyllium might reduce the effects of carbamazepine and increase the risk for convulsions.
Theoretically, black psyllium might reduce carbamazepine absorption. A preliminary study using blond psyllium reported decreased carbamazepine bioavailability due to binding of the drug to psyllium, as well as reduction of available fluid in the gut for dissolution of the drug. This interaction may also occur with black psyllium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Lithium

Theoretically, taking black psyllium at the same time as lithium might reduce lithium absorption.
The fiber in black psyllium might reduce lithium absorption and plasma levels. Some case reports describe a reduction in plasma lithium levels with concomitant administration of blond psyllium. This was reversed when psyllium was stopped. This interaction may also occur with black psyllium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Metformin (Glucophage)

Theoretically, black psyllium might increase the therapeutic and adverse effects of metformin.
Animal research shows that concurrent consumption of blond psyllium with metformin slows and increases the absorption of metformin. This interaction may also occur with black psyllium. To avoid changes in absorption, take psyllium 30-60 minutes after metformin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Olanzapine (Zyprexa)

Theoretically, taking black psyllium at the same time as olanzapine might reduce olanzapine absorption.
The fiber in black psyllium might decrease the absorption of olanzapine. A single case report describes a reduction in the effectiveness of olanzapine when it was concomitantly administered with an unspecified type of psyllium 3 grams orally twice daily. This effect was reversed when psyllium was stopped.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Digoxin (Lanoxin)

Theoretically, taking black psyllium at the same time as digoxin might reduce digoxin absorption and decrease digoxin levels.
Psyllium might bind digoxin in the gut. However, some clinical evidence suggests that psyllium does not impact digoxin absorption.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence B
Ethinyl Estradiol

Theoretically, taking black psyllium at the same time as ethinyl estradiol might alter levels of estradiol.
Concurrent use of blond psyllium with ethinyl estradiol results in a slight increase in the extent of ethinyl estradiol absorption and a slower rate of absorption. This is unlikely to be clinically significant.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Oral Drugs

Theoretically, psyllium might increase, decrease, or have no effect on the absorption of oral drugs.
Psyllium seems to have variable effects on drug absorption. To avoid changes in absorption, take psyllium 30-60 minutes after oral medications. Animal research shows that blond psyllium delays and increases the absorption of metformin and ethinyl estradiol. Case reports and animal research suggest that blond psyllium might reduce absorption of lithium, digoxin, olanzapine, and carbamazepine. Finally, some pharmacokinetic studies show that psyllium does not affect the absorption of levothyroxine or warfarin. Although many of these studies evaluated blond psyllium, the fiber content in black psyllium may have similar effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Dietary Fiber full monograph & interactions

Bifidobacterium longum Bl-051 drug type · 182 drugs

Antibiotic Drugs

Theoretically, taking Bifidobacterium longum with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of B. longum.
Since B. longum preparations usually contain live and active organisms, simultaneously taking antibiotics might kill a significant number of the organisms. Tell patients to separate administration of antibiotics and B. longum preparations by at least 2 hours.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Bifidobacterium longum Bl-05 full monograph & interactions

Lactobacillus acidophilus LA141 drug type · 182 drugs

Antibiotic Drugs

Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L. acidophilus.
L. acidophilus preparations usually contain live and active organisms. Therefore, simultaneously taking antibiotics might kill a significant number of the organisms. Tell patients to separate administration of antibiotics and L. acidophilus preparations by at least two hours.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Lactobacillus acidophilus LA14 full monograph & interactions

Arabinogalactan1 drug type · 121 drugs

Immunosuppressants

Theoretically, larch arabinogalactan might interfere with immunosuppression therapy due to immunostimulant effects. Immunosuppressant drugs include azathioprine (Imuran), basiliximab (Simulect), cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune), daclizumab (Zenapax), muromonab-CD3 (OKT3, Orthoclone OKT3), mycophenolate (CellCept), tacrolimus (FK506, Prograf), sirolimus (Rapamune), prednisone (Deltasone, Orasone), corticosteroids (glucocorticoids), and other drugs.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Arabinogalactan full monograph & interactions

Saccharomyces boulardii1 drug type · 40 drugs

Antifungals

Theoretically, taking antifungals with Saccharomyces boulardii might decrease the effectiveness of Saccharomyces boulardii.
S. boulardii is a live yeast. Therefore, simultaneously taking antifungals might kill a significant number of the organisms.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Saccharomyces boulardii full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for ProbioMax Plus DF, from the product label.

XYMOGEN

See all XYMOGEN products
Name
XYMOGEN Exclusive Professional Formulas
Street Address
6900 Kingspointe Pkwy.
City
Orlando
State
FL
ZipCode
32819
Phone Number
800-647-6100
Web Address
www.xymogen.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

ProbioMax Plus DF by XYMOGEN: Common Questions

Does ProbioMax Plus DF by XYMOGEN interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, ProbioMax Plus DF has a known interaction with 2,162 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
ProbioMax Plus DF contains 7 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take this with my antibiotics?
Not at the same time. The antibiotics will kill the live organisms in this probiotic. You'll want to separate them—ask us or your doctor for the right timing and spacing.
Is it safe if I'm immune-compromised?
No, not without your doctor's okay. There are rare but documented cases of serious infections from probiotics in critically ill and immunocompromised patients. Check with your doctor first.
Will this help my IBS?
Lactobacillus acidophilus in this blend is rated possibly effective for IBS. The other strains and ingredients don't have clear evidence yet, so results vary.
What are the side effects?
Most people tolerate it well. Rare side effects include bloating, flatulence, abdominal discomfort, and constipation. Serious infections are very rare but have occurred in vulnerable patients.
Is it safe while pregnant or breastfeeding?
Lactobacillus acidophilus is possibly safe during pregnancy and lactation. For the other ingredients, we don't have enough safety data—talk with your doctor or pharmacist for personalized advice.
What's the difference between the probiotic strains in here?
Each strain works slightly differently in your gut. Lactobacillus acidophilus and Saccharomyces boulardii have the most evidence for diarrhea and gut conditions; the others have limited data on their specific effects.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if ProbioMax Plus DF is safe with your meds?

Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.

Ask a pharmacist

Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

ProbioMax Plus DF label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind ProbioMax Plus DF’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Black Psyllium

Interacts with 2,025 drugs

Black psyllium is a soluble-fiber supplement made from the seeds of a Plantago plant, used mostly to ease constipation and support digestive health. It is best known and most studied for rel...

Read the full Black Psyllium monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Larch Arabinogalactan

Interacts with 121 drugs

Larch arabinogalactan is a soluble fiber from larch trees that is mainly used as a prebiotic and for immune support. Early research is interesting but limited, and most claims are not yet fi...

Read the full Larch Arabinogalactan monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Saccharomyces Boulardii

Interacts with 40 drugs

Saccharomyces boulardii is a beneficial yeast used as a probiotic, with the strongest evidence for preventing and treating certain types of diarrhea, including antibiotic-associated diarrhea...

Read the full Saccharomyces Boulardii monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Bifidobacterium Longum

Interacts with 182 drugs

Bifidobacterium longum is a 'friendly' bacterium found naturally in the human gut and used as a probiotic. It is generally well tolerated and is most studied for digestive issues, though evi...

Read the full Bifidobacterium Longum monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Lactobacillus Acidophilus

Interacts with 182 drugs

Lactobacillus acidophilus is a 'friendly' bacterium used as a probiotic to support gut and vaginal health. It is generally well tolerated in healthy people, and there is reasonable evidence...

Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

ProbioMax Plus DF's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 88 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Black Psyllium 18 references
  1. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  2. Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.
  3. Covington TR, et al. Handbook of Nonprescription Drugs. 11th ed. Washington, DC: American Pharmaceutical Association, 1996.
  4. Etman M. Effect of a bulk forming laxative on the bioavailablility of carbamazepine in man. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 1995;21:1901-6.
  5. Perlman BB. Interaction between lithium salts and ispaghula husk. Lancet 1990;335:416.
  6. Vaswani SK, Hamilton RG, Valentine MD, Adkinson NF. Psyllium laxative-induced anaphylaxis, asthma, and rhinitis. Allergy 1996;51:266-8. PubMed
  7. Lantner RR, Espiritu BR, Zumerchik P, Tobin MC. Anaphylaxis following ingestion of a psyllium-containing cereal. JAMA 1990;264:2534-6. DOI
  8. Kaplan MJ. Anaphylactic reaction to "Heartwise." N Engl J Med 1990;323:1072-3. DOI
  9. Nordstrom M, Melander A, Robertsson E, Steen B. Influence of wheat bran and of a bulk-forming ispaghula cathartic on the bioavailability of digoxin in geriatric in-patients. Drug Nutr Interact 1987;5:67-9..
  10. Robinson DS, Benjamin DM, McCormack JJ. Interaction of warfarin and nonsystemic gastrointestinal drugs. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1971;12:491-5. PubMed
  11. Garcia JJ, Fernandez N, Diez MJ, et al. Influence of two dietary fibers in the oral bioavailability and other pharmacokinetic parameters of ethinyloestradiol. Contraception 2000;62:253-7. PubMed
  12. Fernandez N, Lopez C, Díez R, et al. Drug interactions with the dietary fiber Plantago ovata husk. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2012;8(11):1377-86.
  13. Semen plantaginis in: WHO Monographs on Selected Medicinal Plants, volume 1. World Health Organization, Geneva, 1999. Available at http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/en/d/Js2200e/. Accessed November 26, 1026.
  14. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21 (21CFR 101.17). Food labeling warning, notice, and safe handling statements. Available at www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=20f647d3b74161501f46564b915b4048&mc=true&node=se21.2.101_117&rgn=div8. Accessed December 3, 2
  15. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21 (21CFR 201.319). Specific labeling requirements - water-soluble gums, hydrophilic gums, and hydrophilic mucilloids. Available at www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=201.319. Accessed Dece
  16. Diez R, Garcia JJ, Diez MJ, Sierra M, Sahagun AM, Fernandez N. Influence of Plantago ovata husk (dietary fiber) on the bioavailability and other pharmacokinetic parameters of metformin in diabetic rabbits. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2017 Jun 7;17(1):298. PubMed
  17. Chiu AC, Sherman SI. Effects of pharmacological fiber supplements on levothyroxine absorption. Thyroid. 1998;8(8):667-71. PubMed
  18. Merrick C, Madden CA, Capurso NA. A Case of Blunted Orally Disintegrating Olanzapine Effect Due to Coadministered Psyllium. J Clin Psychiatry 2021;82(2):20cr13633. PubMed

See these in context on the Black Psyllium monograph →

Bifidobacterium Longum 21 references
  1. Ha GY, Yang CH, Kim H, Chong Y. Case of sepsis caused by Bifidobacterium longum. J Clin Microbiol 1999;37:1227-8.
  2. Pierce A. The American Pharmaceutical Association Practical Guide to Natural Medicines. New York: The Stonesong Press, 1999:19.
  3. Xiao JZ, Takahashi S, Odamaki T, et al. Antibiotic susceptibility of bifidobacterial strains distributed in the Japanese market. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2010;74(2):336-42. PubMed
  4. Rautava S, Kainonen E, Salminen S, Isolauri E. Maternal probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and breast-feeding reduces the risk of eczema in the infant. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;130(6):1355-60. PubMed
  5. Pruccoli G, Silvestro E, Pace Napoleone C, Aidala E, Garazzino S, Scolfaro C. Are probiotics safe? Bifidobacterium bacteremia in a child with severe heart failure. Infez Med. 2019;27(2):175-178.
  6. Pellonperä O, Vahlberg T, Mokkala K, et al. Weight gain and body composition during pregnancy: a randomised pilot trial with probiotics and/or fish oil. Br J Nutr. 2020 Nov 4:1-11. PubMed
  7. Pellonperä O, Mokkala K, Houttu N, et al. Efficacy of fish oil and/or probiotic intervention on the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus in an at-risk group of overweight and obese women: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial PubMed
  8. Shahriari A, Karimi E, Shahriari M, Aslani N, Khooshideh M, Arab A. The effect of probiotic supplementation on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus among high-risk pregnant women: A parallel double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial PubMed
  9. Esaiassen E, Hjerde E, Cavanagh JP, Simonsen GS, Klingenberg C; Norwegian Study Group on Invasive Bifidobacterial Infections. Bifidobacterium bacteremia: Clinical characteristics and a genomic approach to assess pathogenicity. J Clin Microbiol. 2017;55(7) PubMed
  10. Enomoto T, Sowa M, Nishimori K, et al. Effects of bifidobacterial supplementation to pregnant women and infants in the prevention of allergy development in infants and on fecal microbiota. Allergol Int 2014;63(4):575-85. PubMed
  11. US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Dear Healthcare Provider Letter: Warning Regarding Use of Probiotics in Preterm Infants. September 2023. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/media/172606/download?attachment. Accessed November 1, 2023.
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Lactobacillus Acidophilus 15 references
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Larch Arabinogalactan 8 references
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Saccharomyces Boulardii 26 references
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See these in context on the Saccharomyces Boulardii monograph →

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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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