Red Clover Ingredients & Drug Interactions
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Red Clover against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Red Clover is a dietary supplement by Tonic Tinctures with 1 active ingredient. Its ingredients are commonly taken for menopause symptoms (hot flashes), high cholesterol, bone health/osteoporosis.Based on those ingredients, 867 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Red Clover Blossom, Top Tincture. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Red Clover by Tonic Tinctures
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Red Clover by Tonic Tinctures — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Red Clover by Tonic Tinctures
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Low disclosure
This product contains one active ingredient: Red Clover Blossom, Top Tincture. Red clover is a plant whose blossoms are rich in isoflavones, compounds that act like estrogen in your body—that's why it's been studied for hormone-related conditions.
The tincture form means the herb is steeped in alcohol and water to extract its active compounds into a liquid you can dose by the dropperful.
Does it work?
Couldn't assess
The evidence for red clover isn't established yet. Our data shows insufficient reliable evidence to rate it for menopausal symptoms, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, or hair loss (androgenic alopecia).
That doesn't mean it doesn't work—it means the clinical trials we have so far haven't been robust enough to say either way. If you're interested in red clover for any of these, talk with your doctor or pharmacist about whether the current evidence supports a trial.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Red clover is generally well tolerated short-term in healthy adults, though its estrogen-like activity means certain people need to be careful. The most common side effects reported with oral use are muscle pain, nausea, and vaginal spotting.
There's also been some concern that the isoflavones in red clover might increase breast density in younger women, which could affect mammogram readings; a review of studies suggests a modest increase in premenopausal women but not postmenopausal ones. During pregnancy, red clover should be avoided because of its estrogen-like effects and lack of safety data.
While breastfeeding, there isn't enough safety information—it's best avoided then too. If you're pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, talk with your doctor before using this product.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Before taking this product, double-check your medications with your pharmacist, especially estrogens (birth control pills, hormone replacement therapy), tamoxifen, methotrexate, and blood thinners (anticoagulants) or antiplatelet drugs like aspirin. Also mention any drugs metabolized by liver enzymes CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, or CYP3A4 if you're not sure what those mean—your pharmacist can look them up for you.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with no assessable stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Red clover may be worth considering if you're exploring options for menopausal symptoms or bone health, but the evidence isn't solid yet. If you take estrogen therapy, tamoxifen, methotrexate, or blood thinners, you need to check with your pharmacist first—the interactions are real enough to warrant caution.
Pregnant and breastfeeding people should skip it. Chat with your pharmacist about whether red clover makes sense for you and your medications.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 1 of 1 active ingredient matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Sep 25, 2024.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Red Clover, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Tonic Tinctures |
|---|---|
| Net contents | 1 Fluid Ounce(s); 30 Milliliter(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Sep 25, 2024 |
| DSLD ID | 317939 |
| Product type | Botanical |
| Supplement form | Liquid |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Red Clover by Tonic Tinctures, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Red Clover Blossom, Top Tincture | 0 NP | -- |
Other ingredients: Water, Distilled, Alcohol
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formula
Artisan liquid extract Single-step tincture Ratio 1 : 8 Herb: Menstruum
Formulation
Gluten free, no hidden additives
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Shake gently before use
Directions: Use as directed, 1-3 droppers 1-3 times a day. Expires 2 years from batch date.
Precautions
Keep out of reach of children.
Discontinue use if unusual symptoms occur.
FDA Disclaimer Statement
Caution: These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Red Clover by Tonic Tinctures label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Red Clover by Tonic Tinctures
This is the 1 active ingredient this product is made of. Select it to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 Dropper(s) Dosage formLiquid Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.
Red Clover Blossom, Top Tincture
Interacts with867 drugs
Red clover is a plant rich in isoflavones (plant compounds with weak estrogen-like activity) that is most often used for menopause symptoms like hot f...
Red Clover Blossom, Top Tincture monograph & interactionsOther (inactive) ingredients: Water, Distilled, Alcohol. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Red Clover by Tonic Tinctures Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Red Clover Blossom, Top Tincture by Tonic Tinctures has documented interactions with several medication types.
The most serious concern is with estrogens—the supplement contains phytoestrogens, plant compounds that mimic estrogen in your body. Theoretically, red clover could interfere with estrogen-containing drugs by competing for the same cellular receptors, potentially making your hormone therapy less effective.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Tamoxifen (a breast cancer medication) and methotrexate (used for psoriasis and autoimmune conditions) also carry Moderate-severity concerns. With tamoxifen, the phytoestrogens might reduce its cancer-fighting effects, though animal research is mixed.
With methotrexate, there's a case report of a person who developed serious side effects (severe vomiting and stomach pain) after adding red clover; theoretically it may increase your risk of methotrexate toxicity.
Red clover also theoretically affects how your liver processes several drug classes—those metabolized by CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, and CYP3A4 enzymes—though small clinical studies suggest the effect may not occur in real life. Blood thinners (anticoagulants) and antiplatelet drugs like aspirin have a Minor theoretical concern from older lab research, but clinical evidence hasn't confirmed this happens in people.
Alto gether, these interactions span 857 individual medications. Before starting red clover, run your exact prescriptions through the interaction checker below.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Red Clover?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Red Clover interact with 867 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
1 of the 1 ingredient in Red Clover interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Red Clover Blossom, Top Tincture
Etonogestrel, Ethinyl EstradiolNuvaRing
How Etonogestrel, Ethinyl Estradiol interacts with Red Clover — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Red Clover Blossom, Top TinctureCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Estrogens +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Red Clover Blossom, Top Tincture + Etonogestrel, Ethinyl Estradiol interactionLevonorgestrel, Ethinyl EstradiolLogynon ED, Microgynon 30, Nordette, Ovranette, Quartette, Trinordiol +1 more
How Levonorgestrel, Ethinyl Estradiol interacts with Red Clover — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Red Clover Blossom, Top TinctureCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Estrogens +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Red Clover Blossom, Top Tincture + Levonorgestrel, Ethinyl Estradiol interactionMedroxyprogesterone Acetate, Oestrogens, ConjugatedPremique
How Medroxyprogesterone Acetate, Oestrogens, Conjugated interacts with Red Clover — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Red Clover Blossom, Top TinctureEstrogens, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of large amounts of red clover might interfere with estrogen therapy.
Read the full Red Clover Blossom, Top Tincture + Medroxyprogesterone Acetate, Oestrogens, Conjugated interactionMethotrexateOtrexup, Rasuvo, Reditrex, Rheumatrex
How Methotrexate interacts with Red Clover — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Red Clover Blossom, Top TinctureMethotrexate (trexall, Others) Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase the risk of methotrexate toxicity.
Read the full Red Clover Blossom, Top Tincture + Methotrexate interactionMethotrexate SodiumXatmep
How Methotrexate Sodium interacts with Red Clover — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Red Clover Blossom, Top TinctureMethotrexate (trexall, Others) Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase the risk of methotrexate toxicity.
Read the full Red Clover Blossom, Top Tincture + Methotrexate Sodium interactionNorelgestromin, Ethinyl EstradiolEvra, Ortho Evra
How Norelgestromin, Ethinyl Estradiol interacts with Red Clover — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Red Clover Blossom, Top TinctureEstrogens, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of large amounts of red clover might interfere with estrogen therapy.
Read the full Red Clover Blossom, Top Tincture + Norelgestromin, Ethinyl Estradiol interactionNorethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous FumarateLoMinastrin FE, Minastrin 24 FE
How Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interacts with Red Clover — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Red Clover Blossom, Top TinctureCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Estrogens +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Red Clover Blossom, Top Tincture + Norethindrone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol, Ferrous Fumarate interactionOestrogenOestrogen
How Oestrogen interacts with Red Clover — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Red Clover Blossom, Top TinctureCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Red Clover Blossom, Top Tincture + Oestrogen interactionPrasterone (prescription Drug)Intrarosa
How Prasterone (prescription Drug) interacts with Red Clover — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Red Clover Blossom, Top TinctureEstrogens Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of large amounts of red clover might interfere with estrogen therapy.
Read the full Red Clover Blossom, Top Tincture + Prasterone (prescription Drug) interactionRelugolix, Estradiol, Norethindrone AcetateMyfembree
How Relugolix, Estradiol, Norethindrone Acetate interacts with Red Clover — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Red Clover Blossom, Top TinctureCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Red Clover Blossom, Top Tincture + Relugolix, Estradiol, Norethindrone Acetate interactionSegesterone Acetate, Ethinyl EstradiolAnnovera
How Segesterone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol interacts with Red Clover — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Red Clover Blossom, Top TinctureEstrogens, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of large amounts of red clover might interfere with estrogen therapy.
Read the full Red Clover Blossom, Top Tincture + Segesterone Acetate, Ethinyl Estradiol interactionTamoxifen CitrateNolvadex, Soltamox
How Tamoxifen Citrate interacts with Red Clover — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Red Clover Blossom, Top TinctureCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Red Clover Blossom, Top Tincture + Tamoxifen Citrate interactionTiboloneLivial
How Tibolone interacts with Red Clover — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Red Clover Blossom, Top TinctureEstrogens Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of large amounts of red clover might interfere with estrogen therapy.
Read the full Red Clover Blossom, Top Tincture + Tibolone interactionDrospirenone, Ethinyl Estradiol, LevomefolateBeyaz
How Drospirenone, Ethinyl Estradiol, Levomefolate interacts with Red Clover — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Red Clover Blossom, Top TinctureCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Estrogens +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Red Clover Blossom, Top Tincture + Drospirenone, Ethinyl Estradiol, Levomefolate interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Red Clover with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Red Clover Blossom, Top Tincture
Estrogens
Theoretically, concomitant use of large amounts of red clover might interfere with estrogen therapy.
Red clover contains phytoestrogens which might have estrogenic activity in some people. Theoretically, red clover might compete for estrogen receptors and interfere with estrogen-containing drug therapy.
Methotrexate (Trexall, Others)
Theoretically, red clover might increase the risk of methotrexate toxicity.
In a case report, a 52-year-old female receiving weekly methotrexate injections for psoriasis developed symptoms of methotrexate toxicity, including severe vomiting and epigastric pain, after three days of taking red clover 430 mg daily. Toxicity resolved after red clover was discontinued. However, no liver function tests or methotrexate levels were reported.
Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)
Theoretically, the phytoestrogens in red clover might interfere with tamoxifen.
In vitro and animal research suggests that genistein, a constituent of red clover, might antagonize the antitumor effects of tamoxifen. However, there is some evidence from an animal study that red clover does not reduce the efficacy of tamoxifen. Until more is known, tell patients taking tamoxifen to avoid red clover.
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Although some laboratory research suggests that red clover may have anticoagulant and antiplatelet activity, clinical research has not shown this effect.
In vitro research suggests that genistein in red clover has antiplatelet effects, and historically, red clover was thought to have anticoagulant effects due to its coumarin content. However, some experts state that this is unlikely as most natural coumarins have not been shown to have anticoagulant effects, and their content in red clover is low. Additionally, some clinical research in postmenopausal patients found no effect on coagulation or prothrombin time with the use of red clover flowering tops 378 mg daily for 12 months or red clover isoflavone (Rimostil) 50 mg daily for 2 years.
Caffeine
Theoretically, soy might reduce the clearance of caffeine; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Red clover contains genistein. Taking genistein 1 gram daily for 14 days seems to inhibit caffeine clearance and metabolism in healthy females. However, this effect does not seem to occur with the lower amounts of genistein found in red clover. A clinical study in healthy postmenopausal individuals shows that taking red clover capsules standardized to contain 60 mg isoflavones twice daily for 14 days does not affect the pharmacokinetics of caffeine.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
In vitro evidence shows that red clover inhibits CYP1A2. However, a clinical study in healthy postmenopausal individuals shows that taking red clover capsules standardized to contain 60 mg isoflavones twice daily for 14 days does not affect the pharmacokinetics of caffeine, a CYP1A2 probe substrate.
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (Cyp2C19) Substrates
Theoretically, red clover might increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP2C19.
In vitro evidence suggests that red clover weakly inhibits CYP2C19. This interaction has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
In vitro evidence suggests that red clover might inhibit CYP2C9. However, a clinical study in healthy postmenopausal individuals shows that taking red clover capsules standardized to contain 60 mg isoflavones twice daily for 14 days does not affect the pharmacokinetics of tolbutamide, a CYP2C9 probe substrate.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
In vitro evidence shows that red clover might inhibit CYP3A4 isoenzymes. However, a clinical study in healthy postmenopausal individuals shows that taking red clover capsules standardized to contain 60 mg isoflavones twice daily for 14 days does not affect the pharmacokinetics of alprazolam, a CYP3A4 probe substrate.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Red Clover, from the product label.
Tonic Tinctures
See all Tonic Tinctures products- Name
- Tonic Apothecary
- Web Address
- www.tonictinctures.com
Red Clover by Tonic Tinctures: Common Questions
Does Red Clover by Tonic Tinctures interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Where does this information come from?
Can I take red clover if I'm on birth control or hormone replacement therapy?
What are the most common side effects?
Is red clover safe during pregnancy or breastfeeding?
Does red clover actually work for menopausal hot flashes or bone health?
Can I take red clover with blood thinners like warfarin or aspirin?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if Red Clover is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Red Clover’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Sources & How We Checked
Red Clover's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 24 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Red Clover 24 references
- Kurzer MS, Xu X. Dietary phytoestrogens. Annu Rev Nutr 1997;17:353-81. PubMed
- Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
- Budzinski JW, Foster BC, Vandenhoek S, Arnason JT. An in vitro evaluation of human cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibition by selected commercial herbal extracts and tinctures. Phytomedicine 2000;7:273-82. PubMed
- This P, De La Rochefordiere A, Clough K, et al. Phytoestrogens after breast cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2001;8:129-34. PubMed
- Tice J, Cummings SR, Ettinger B, et al. Few adverse effects of two red clover extracts rich in phytoestrogens: a multicenter, placebo-controlled trial. Alt Ther 2001;7:S33.
- Ingram DM, Hickling C, West L, et al. A double-blind randomized controlled trial of isoflavones in the treatment of cyclical mastalgia. The Breast 2002;11:170-4. PubMed
- Unger M, Frank A. Simultaneous determination of the inhibitory potency of herbal extracts on the activity of six major cytochrome P450 enzymes using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and automated online extraction. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2004;1 PubMed
- Cheong JL, Bucknall R. Retinal vein thrombosis associated with a herbal phytoestrogen preparation in a susceptible patient. Postgrad Med J 2005;81:266-7.. PubMed
- Geller SE, Shulman LP, van Breemen RB, et al. Safety and efficacy of black cohosh and red clover for the management of vasomotor symptoms: a randomized controlled trial. Menopause 2009;16:1156-66. PubMed
- Hidalgo LA, Chedraui PA, Morocho N, et al. The effect of red clover isoflavones on menopausal symptoms, lipids and vaginal cytology in menopausal women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Gynecol Endocrinol 2005;21(5):257-264. PubMed
- Campbell MJ, Woodside JV, Honour JW, et al. Effect of red clover-derived isoflavone supplementation on insulin-like growth factor, lipid and antioxidant status in healthy female volunteers: a pilot study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2004;58(1):173-179. PubMed
- Guerrero JA, Lozano ML, Castillo J, et al. Flavonoids inhibit platelet function through binding to the thromboxane A2 receptor. J Thromb Haemost 2005;3(2):369-376. PubMed
- Kondo K, Suzuki Y, Ikeda Y, Umemura K. Genistein, an isoflavone included in soy, inhibits thrombotic vessel occlusion in the mouse femoral artery and in vitro platelet aggregation. Eur J Pharmacol 2002;455(1):53-57. PubMed
- Polini N, Rauschemberger MB, Mendiberri J, et al. Effect of genistein and raloxifene on vascular dependent platelet aggregation. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2007;267(1-2):55-62. PubMed
- Wuttke W, Jarry H, Seidlova-Wuttke D. Plant-derived alternative treatments for the aging male: facts and myths. Aging Male 2010;13(2):75-81. PubMed
- Villaseca P. Non-estrogen conventional and phytochemical treatments for vasomotor symptoms: what needs to be known for practice. Climacteric 2012;15(2):115-124. PubMed
- Chen, Y., Xiao, C. Q., He, Y. J., Chen, B. L., Wang, G., Zhou, G., Zhang, W., Tan, Z. R., Cao, S., Wang, L. P., and Zhou, H. H. Genistein alters caffeine exposure in healthy female volunteers. Eur.J Clin.Pharmacol. 2011;67(4):347-353. PubMed
- Friedman, J. A., Taylor, S. A., McDermott, W., and Alikhani, P. Multifocal and recurrent subarachnoid hemorrhage due to an herbal supplement containing natural coumarins. Neurocrit.Care 2007;7(1):76-80. PubMed
- Hooper, L., Madhavan, G., Tice, J. A., Leinster, S. J., and Cassidy, A. Effects of isoflavones on breast density in pre- and post-menopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Hum.Reprod.Update. 2010;16(6):745-7 PubMed
- Orr A and Parker R. Red clover causing symptoms suggestive of methotrexate toxicity in a patient on high-dose methotrexate. Menopause Int. 2013;19(3):133-134. PubMed
- Clifton-Bligh PB, et al. Red cover isoflavones enriched with formononetin lower serum LDL cholesterol- a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2015;69(1):134-142.
- Risk assessment for peri- and post-menopausal women taking food supplements containing isolated isoflavones. EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS). 2015. DOI
- Ferraris C, Ballestra B, Listorti C, et al. Red clover and lifestyle changes to contrast menopausal symptoms in premenopausal patients with hormone-sensitive breast cancer receiving tamoxifen. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2020;180(1):157-65. doi: 10.1007/s1054 PubMed
- Chen L, Choi J, Leonard SW, et al. No Clinically Relevant Pharmacokinetic Interactions of a Red Clover Dietary Supplement with Cytochrome P450 Enzymes in Women. J Agric Food Chem. 2020;68(47):13929-13939. PubMed
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC