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Dietary supplement

Saw Palmetto & Pygeum Extract Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Country Life

Capsule Category: Botanical With Nutrients
Most serious interaction: Moderate
The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Saw Palmetto & Pygeum Extract is a dietary supplement by Country Life with 4 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for digestive support, bloating and gas, fat digestion.Based on those ingredients, 174 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Saw Palmetto Soy Lecithin Complex Providing. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Saw Palmetto & Pygeum Extract by Country Life

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 5 active ingredients.
  • “Proprietary Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (344 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.
  • “Saw Palmetto Soy Lecithin Complex Providing” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (242 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

This product contains 5 active ingredients. The headline players are saw palmetto extract oil and pygeum extract, two plant-derived compounds traditionally used for men's urinary and prostate health.

You'll also find soy lecithin (a natural emulsifier), lipase (a digestive enzyme), and vegetable oil phytosterols. The saw palmetto and pygeum are delivered in a proprietary blend format, meaning the exact amounts of each aren't broken out separately on the label.

The capsule itself is rounded out with inactive ingredients—cellulose, calcium silicate, magnesium stearate, silica, and maltodextrin—that help hold everything together.

Does it work?

Strong evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Strong

Clinical evidence supports at least one of this product's ingredients for its stated purpose.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Prostate health and urinary function support.
  • We looked for evidence on: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), Non-neurogenic lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), Chronic prostatitis and chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS), Prostate symptoms, Male urinary health.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Pygeum is rated "Likely Effective" for Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Saw Palmetto is rated "Possibly Ineffective" for Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
  • Also on file: Saw Palmetto is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Chronic prostatitis and chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS), Prostatitis, Non-neurogenic lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).

Pygeum extract is likely effective for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), the noncancerous enlargement of the prostate that can cause urinary symptoms in older men. Saw palmetto, on the other hand, shows mixed evidence: it may be effective for a specific surgical procedure called transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), but evidence suggests it's probably not effective for BPH itself.

For the other conditions listed—like sexual desire, cognitive decline, or inflammatory bowel disease—the evidence we hold isn't strong enough to rate these ingredients one way or the other.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Lipase Pygeum Saw Palmetto Lecithin

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 4 of the 4 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 4 of 4.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 4 of 4.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Soy lecithin and saw palmetto are generally well tolerated, though saw palmetto's common mild side effects include abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, headache, dizziness, and fatigue. Rare cases of heart-related events (irregular heartbeat, high or low blood pressure) have been reported with saw palmetto, and one case of a skin reaction has been documented.

Lipase hasn't shown adverse effects in adults, but safety data in pregnancy and while breastfeeding is limited. Saw palmetto and pygeum are not recommended in pregnancy due to lack of safety data and potential hormone effects, and both should be avoided while breastfeeding.

Soy lecithin is likely safe in pregnancy and lactation. If you have an egg or soy allergy, be aware that lecithin can trigger allergic skin reactions.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Lipase Pygeum Saw Palmetto Lecithin

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 1 of the 4 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Saw Palmetto.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs.
  • For scale: 174 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before you start, double-check with your doctor or pharmacist if you take contraceptive drugs or estrogens (hormone therapy or birth control), since saw palmetto might reduce their effectiveness. If you're on any blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs like warfarin or aspirin, see your pharmacist or doctor too—saw palmetto may increase bleeding risk.

We hold no interaction data for vegetable oil phytosterols.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with clinical evidence supporting its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product is mainly for men interested in prostate and urinary health, and pygeum has solid evidence for BPH. If you take birth control, hormone therapy, or blood thinners, you'll want to talk with your doctor or pharmacist before starting it, since saw palmetto may interfere with how these drugs work.

Anyone with a serious digestive condition, egg or soy allergy, or heart concerns should also check in with their healthcare provider first.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 4 of 5 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jul 23, 2020.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Saw Palmetto & Pygeum Extract, straight from the product label.

Brand Country Life
Barcode (UPC) 015794019008
Net contents 90 Vegan Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jul 23, 2020
DSLD ID 230800
Product type Botanical With Nutrients
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Vegan, Vegetarian, Kosher, Women (not pregnant or lactating), Adult Male (18-50 Years), Gluten Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Saw Palmetto & Pygeum Extract by Country Life, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
2 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
2 Capsule(s)
Servings per container
45
UPC/BARCODE
015794019008
IngredientAmount% DV
Soy Lecithin0 NP--
Proprietary Blend344 mg--
Lipase0 NP--
Pygeum extract0 NP--
Saw Palmetto Soy Lecithin Complex Providing242 mg--
Saw Palmetto extract Oil0 NP--
Vegetable Oil Phytosterols0 NP--

Other ingredients: Cellulose, Cellulose, Calcium Silicate, Magnesium Stearate, Silica, Maltodextrin

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formula

Country Life’s Saw Palmetto and Pygeum Extract contains 170 mg of saw palmetto, serenoa repens extract oil plus 72 mg soy lecithin and 318 mg of a proprietary blend including phytosterols, pygeum extract and lipase. Saw Palmetto & Pygeum Extract uses Country Life’s unique Phospho-Zyme delivery system.

Yes Kosher

K Kosher

With unique Phospho-Zyme delivery system

Caution: This product is intended for men.

Formulation

Yes Certified vegan by the AVA

Yes Certified gluten-free by GFCO.ORG No Wheat, milk or salt No Preservatives No Artificial colors, flavors or sweeteners

This product has been manufactured at a GMP Registered facility.

GF Certified Gluten-free

General Statements

Yes Recyclable packaging Yes Manufacturing supports wind power

Established 1971 Country Life

Our pledge of integrity Authenticity, cleanliness, freshness, consistency, accuracy

Precautions

Do not accept if seal is broken.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Contains soy.

Caution: This product is intended for men.

As a reminder, discuss the supplements and medications that you take with your health care providers. Not for use by pregnant or lactating women. If you are taking medication, have a medical condition or planning surgery, consult a doctor before using this product.

Stop using and consult a doctor if any adverse reactions occur. Do not accept if seal is broken.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Storage

Store in a dry place between 59 degrees-86 degrees F.

Store in a dry place between 59 degrees-86 degrees F.

Seals/Symbols

Certified B Corporation GF Certified Gluten-free K Kosher

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Directions: Adult males take two (2) capsules daily with food or as directed by a health care professional.

See for yourself

Saw Palmetto & Pygeum Extract by Country Life label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

What’s inside

The Ingredients in Saw Palmetto & Pygeum Extract by Country Life

These are the 4 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size2 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container45 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Proprietary Blend

344 mg per serving
242 mg per serving

Saw palmetto is a plant extract most often used for urinary symptoms linked to an enlarged prostate (BPH). The best research suggests it works no bett...

Saw Palmetto Soy Lecithin Complex Providing monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Cellulose, Cellulose, Calcium Silicate, Magnesium Stearate, Silica, Maltodextrin. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Saw Palmetto & Pygeum Extract by Country Life Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Saw Palmetto & Pygeum Extract?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

Go to the checker
174Drugs
174 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Saw Palmetto & Pygeum Extract with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Saw Palmetto Soy Lecithin Complex Providing3 drug types · 174 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Saw palmetto might increase the risk of bleeding with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Saw palmetto is reported to prolong bleeding time. Theoretically, it might increase the risk of bleeding when used concomitantly with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Contraceptive Drugs

Saw palmetto might reduce the effectiveness of contraceptive drugs.
Saw palmetto might have antiestrogenic effects. Theoretically, it might interfere with contraceptive drugs taken concomitantly.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Estrogens

Saw palmetto might reduce the effectiveness of estrogens.
Saw palmetto might have antiestrogenic effects. Theoretically, it might interfere with estrogens taken concomitantly.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Saw Palmetto & Pygeum Extract, from the product label.

Country Life

See all Country Life products
Name
Country Life, LLC
Street Address
180 Vanderbilt Motor Parkway
City
Hauppauge
State
NY
ZipCode
11788
Web Address
CountryLifeVitamins.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Saw Palmetto & Pygeum Extract by Country Life: Common Questions

Does Saw Palmetto & Pygeum Extract by Country Life interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Saw Palmetto & Pygeum Extract has a known interaction with 174 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Saw Palmetto & Pygeum Extract contains 4 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Will this work for my prostate problems?
Pygeum extract in here is likely effective for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Saw palmetto's evidence is less clear—it may help with a specific surgical situation but probably won't help BPH itself. Talk to your doctor about whether either ingredient fits your situation.
Is this safe if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
Saw palmetto and pygeum are not recommended in pregnancy or while breastfeeding due to lack of safety data and possible hormone effects. Soy lecithin is likely safe in both situations. Check with your doctor or pharmacist before taking this product if you're pregnant or nursing.
What side effects might I see?
Saw palmetto's most common side effects are mild and include abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, headache, dizziness, and fatigue. Soy lecithin can cause similar gastrointestinal symptoms. Rare heart-related events and skin reactions have been reported with saw palmetto. If you notice anything unusual, stop and talk to your pharmacist.
Can I take this if I have a soy or egg allergy?
This product contains soy lecithin, which can trigger allergic skin reactions in people with soy or egg allergies. Skip it if you have either allergy, or talk to your allergist first.
What is lipase doing in here?
Lipase is a digestive enzyme added to support nutrient absorption. The evidence for whether it helps with digestive problems isn't strong enough to rate, but it's generally well tolerated in supplement form.
Is the amount of each ingredient listed on the label?
No. The saw palmetto and pygeum are in a proprietary blend, so you won't see the individual amounts of each—only the total blend weight. This makes it hard to know exactly how much of each ingredient you're getting per capsule.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Saw Palmetto & Pygeum Extract is safe with your meds?

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Ask a pharmacist

Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Saw Palmetto & Pygeum Extract label
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Saw Palmetto & Pygeum Extract's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 35 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Lecithin 9 references
  1. Buchman AL, Dubin M, Jenden D, et al. Lecithin increases plasma free choline and decreases hepatic steatosis in long-term total parenteral nutrition patients. Gastroenterology 1992;102:1363-70.
  2. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline (2000). Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2000. Available at: http://b
  3. Chatellier G, Lacomblez L. Tacrine (tetrahydroaminoacridine; THA) and lecithin in senile dementia of the Alzheimer type: a multicentre trial. Groupe Francais d'Etude de la Tetrahydroaminoacridine. BMJ 1990;300:495-9.
  4. Gelenberg AJ, Dorer DJ, Wojcik JD, et al. A crossover study of lecithin treatment of tardive dyskinesia. J Clin Psychiatry 1990;51:149-53.
  5. Little A, Levy R, Chuaqui-Kidd P, Hand D. A double-blind, placebo controlled trial of high-dose lecithin in Alzheimer's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1985;48:736-42. PubMed
  6. Palm M, Moneret-Vautrin DA, Kanny G, et al. Food allergy to egg and soy lecithins. Allergy 1999;54:1116-7. PubMed
  7. Drachman DA, Glosser G, Fleming P, et al. Memory decline in the aged: treatment with lecithin and physostigmine. Neurology 1982;32:944-50. PubMed
  8. Gelenberg, A. J., Doller-Wojcik, J. C., and Growdon, J. H. Choline and lecithin in the treatment of tardive dyskinesia: preliminary results from a pilot study. Am J Psychiatry 1979;136(6):772-776. PubMed
  9. Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21, Chapter 1, Subchapter B, Part 184: Direct food substances affirmed as Generally Recognized as Safe. Subpart B - listing of specific substances affirmed as GRAS. Sec. 184.1400 Lecithin. Available at: https:

See these in context on the Lecithin monograph →

Lipase 1 reference
  1. Casper C, Hascoet JM, Ertl T, et al. Recombinant bile salt-stimulated lipase in preterm infant feeding: A randomized phase 3 study. PLoS One. 2016;11(5):e0156071. PubMed

See these in context on the Lipase monograph →

Pygeum 3 references
  1. Ishani A, MacDonald R, Nelson D, et al. Pygeum africanum for the treatment of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review and quantitative meta-analysis. Am J Med 2000;109:654-64.. PubMed
  2. Wilt T, Ishani A, Mac Donald R, et al. Pygeum africanum for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002;CD001044.. PubMed
  3. Andro M and Riffaud J. Pygeum africanum extract for the treatment of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a review of 25 years of published experience. Curr Ther Res 1995;56(8):796-817. DOI

See these in context on the Pygeum monograph →

Saw Palmetto 22 references
  1. Wilt TJ, Ishani A, Stark G, et al. Saw palmetto extracts for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review. JAMA 1998;280:1604-9. PubMed
  2. Carraro JC, Raynaud JP, Koch G, et al. Comparison of phytotherapy (Permixon) with finasteride in the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia: a randomized international study of 1,098 patients. Prostate 1996;29:231-40. DOI
  3. Di Silverio F, D'Eramo G, Lubrano C, et al. Evidence that Serenoa repens extract displays an antiestrogenic activity in prostatic tissue of benign prostatic hypertrophy patients. Eur Urol 1992;21:309-14. PubMed
  4. Stepanov VN, Siniakova LA, Sarrazin B, Raynaud JP. Efficacy and tolerability of the lipidosterolic extract of Serenoa repens (Permixon) in benign prostatic hyperplasia: a double-blind comparison of two dosage regimens. Adv Ther 1999;16:231-41.
  5. Cheema P, El-Mefty O, Jazieh AR. Intraoperative haemorrhage associated with the use of extract of Saw Palmetto herb: a case report and review of literature. J Intern Med 2001;250:167-9. PubMed
  6. Jibrin I, Erinle A, Saidi A, Aliyu ZY. Saw palmetto-induced pancreatitis. South Med J 2006;99:611-2. PubMed
  7. Prager N, Bickett K, French N, Marcovici G. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to determine the effectiveness of botanically derived inhibitors of 5-alpha-reductase in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia. J Altern Complement Med 2002
  8. Avins AL, Bent S, Staccone S, et al. A detailed safety assessment of a saw palmetto extract. Complement Ther Med 2008;16:147-54. PubMed
  9. Morgia, G., Mucciardi, G., Gali, A., Madonia, M., Marchese, F., Di, Benedetto A., Romano, G., Bonvissuto, G., Castelli, T., Macchione, L., and Magno, C. Treatment of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome category IIIA with Serenoa repens plus
  10. Aliaev, IuG, Vinarov, A. Z., Lokshin, K. L., and Spivak, L. G. [Efficiency and safety of prostamol-Uno in patients with chronic abacterial prostatitis]. Urologiia. 2006;(1):47-50.
  11. Agbabiaka, T. B., Pittler, M. H., Wider, B., and Ernst, E. Serenoa repens (saw palmetto): a systematic review of adverse events. Drug Saf 2009;32(8):637-647. PubMed
  12. Wargo, K. A., Allman, E., and Ibrahim, F. A possible case of saw palmetto-induced pancreatitis. South.Med.J. 2010;103(7):683-685. PubMed
  13. Lapi, F., Gallo, E., Giocaliere, E., Vietri, M., Baronti, R., Pieraccini, G., Tafi, A., Menniti-Ippolito, F., Mugelli, A., Firenzuoli, F., and Vannacci, A. Acute liver damage due to Serenoa repens: a case report. Br.J.Clin.Pharmacol. 2010;69(5):558-560.
  14. Mantovani, F. Serenoa repens in benign prostatic hypertrophy: analysis of 2 Italian studies. Minerva Urol.Nefrol. 2010;62(4):335-340.
  15. Hanaka, M., Yoshii, C., Yatera, K., Ito, C., Chojin, Y., Nagata, S., Yamasaki, K., Nishida, C., Kawanami, T., Kawanami, Y., Ishimoto, H., and Mukae, H. [A case of rhabdomyolysis caused by saw palmetto of healthy foods]. J.UOEH. 6-1-2012;34(2):193-199. PubMed
  16. Miroddi, M., Carni, A., Mannucci, C., Moleti, M., Navarra, M., and Calapai, G. Hot flashes in a young girl: a wake-up call concerning Serenoa repens use in children. Pediatrics 2012;130(5):e1374-e1376.
  17. Braeckman J. The extract of Serenoa repens in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a multicenter open study. Current Therapeutic Research 1994;55(7):776-785. DOI
  18. Jipescu D, Patel A, Bohra H, Pientka A. Rare case of saw palmetto induced heart block. JACC 2017;69(11) supplement:2310.
  19. Morabito P, Miroddi M, Giovinazzo S, Spina E, Calapai G. Serenoa repens as an endocrine disruptor in a 10-year-Old young girl: a new case report. Pharmacology. 2015;96(1-2):41-3. doi: 10.1159/000431327.
  20. Gammoudi R, Ameur K, Ouni B, et al. Fixed drug eruption to Serenoa repens: first case report and consideration of the use of herbal medicine. Dermatol Ther 2020 Aug 29:e14247.
  21. Paulis G, Paulis A, Perletti G. Serenoa repens and its effects on male sexual function. A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Arch Ital Urol Androl 2021;93(4):475-480. PubMed
  22. Venkateswaran S, Declet-Bauzo R, Shodeinde M, Gilford P. Postoperative Retroperitoneal Hematoma: A Case of Saw Palmetto and the Importance of Primary Care Intervention. HCA Healthc J Med 2020;1(5):279-282. PubMed

See these in context on the Saw Palmetto monograph →

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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