Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 4 of 7 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Sleep Full Spectrum Cannabinoid Gummies Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Lazarus Naturals

Gummy Or Jelly Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Sleep Full Spectrum Cannabinoid Gummies is a dietary supplement by Lazarus Naturals with 7 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for replacing fluids and electrolytes, preventing dehydration during exercise or illness, treating low blood sodium (under medical care).Based on those ingredients, 1,132 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Chamomile flower extract, Passionflower extract, Lemon Balm extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Sleep Full Spectrum Cannabinoid Gummies by Lazarus Naturals

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 7 of its 7 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

This product contains 7 active ingredients. The cannabinoid trio — cannabinol, cannabidiol (CBD), and cannabigerol — are plant compounds from hemp; we hold no interaction data for any of them.

The herbal actives are chamomile flower extract, passionflower extract, and lemon balm extract, each chosen for their traditional sedative and calming properties. The product also includes sodium as an active ingredient.

Inactive ingredients (fillers, binders, and flavoring) include tapioca syrup, sugar, water, mango puree, pear juice concentrate, clarified lemon juice concentrate, pectin, full spectrum hemp extract, alcohol, glycerine, natural flavor, monoammoniated glycyrrhizin, malic acid, sodium citrate, and passionflower herb extract.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Sleep support and relaxation.
  • We looked for evidence on: Insomnia, Anxiety, Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), Stress, Sleep onset difficulty, Sleep maintenance difficulty — and 1 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Lemon Balm is rated "Possibly Effective" for Stress (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Passion Flower is rated "Possibly Effective" for Pre-procedural anxiety, Insomnia.
  • Also on file: Lemon Balm is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Anxiety, Insomnia.

Passionflower in this formula is rated Possibly Effective for both insomnia and pre-procedural anxiety. Lemon balm is also rated Possibly Effective for stress and depression, as well as herpes labialis (cold sores).

Chamomile flower extract has not been rated for sleep or anxiety in our data — the evidence for these uses is insufficient to establish effectiveness. The cannabinoids (CBD, cannabinol, and cannabigerol) also lack established effectiveness ratings in the data we hold.

Sodium's effectiveness ratings relate to cystic fibrosis and other specific medical conditions, not sleep support.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Sodium German Chamomile Passion Flower Lemon Balm

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 4 of the 4 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 4 of 4.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 4 of 4.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Chamomile is generally well tolerated for most adults but can trigger allergic reactions, including severe hypersensitivity and anaphylaxis, in people sensitive to ragweed and related plants. Passionflower is well tolerated short-term but commonly causes drowsiness, dizziness, confusion, and sedation.

Lemon balm is generally well tolerated short-term in healthy adults, though high-dose and long-term safety data are limited. Sodium is well tolerated in normal dietary amounts, but excess intake is linked to high blood pressure, heart strain, kidney disease, and increased gastric cancer risk.

Pregnant individuals should avoid passionflower due to lack of safety data and possible effects on the uterus; chamomile and lemon balm should also be avoided in pregnancy without doctor approval. During breastfeeding, passionflower and chamomile should be avoided or used only under medical guidance, and lemon balm safety data are limited.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Sodium German Chamomile Passion Flower Lemon Balm

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 4 of the 4 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Lemon Balm, Passion Flower, German Chamomile, Sodium.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; lithium.
  • For scale: 1,133 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking this product, check with your doctor or pharmacist if you take blood thinners like warfarin (Moderate risk of bleeding), any CNS depressants or sedative medications (Moderate additive effects), blood pressure medications (Moderate reduced effectiveness), lithium for bipolar disorder (Moderate effect on drug levels), birth control pills or estrogen therapy (Moderate interference), thyroid hormone replacement (Moderate interference), or drugs metabolized through liver enzymes CYP2D6, CYP2C9, or CYP3A4 (Moderate increased levels). If you take corticosteroids, sodium phosphate products, tolvaptan, didanosine, or other sodium-containing medications, alert your healthcare provider to the sodium content.

No interactions are documented for the three cannabinoids in this product.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

If you're looking to support sleep and aren't taking blood thinners, liver-metabolized medications, birth control, or CNS depressants, this product may be worth discussing with your doctor or pharmacist. Anyone on prescription medications — especially for blood pressure, mood, heart health, thyroid function, or seizures — should check their exact drugs against the interaction tool before starting.

Pregnant or breastfeeding individuals should talk with their healthcare provider first, as three of the herbal ingredients lack adequate safety data in these situations.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 4 of 7 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jan 24, 2024.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Sleep Full Spectrum Cannabinoid Gummies, straight from the product label.

Brand Lazarus Naturals
Barcode (UPC) 810061152668
Net contents 50 Gummy(ies)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jan 24, 2024
DSLD ID 305977
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Gummy Or Jelly
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Vegan, Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Sleep Full Spectrum Cannabinoid Gummies by Lazarus Naturals, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
2 Gummy(ies)
Maximum serving Sizes:
2 Gummy(ies)
Servings per container
5
UPC/BARCODE
810061152668
IngredientAmount% DV
Sodium10 mg1%
Added Sugars4 Gram(s)8%
Calories30 Calorie(s)--
Total Carbohydrate8 Gram(s)3%
Total Sugars5 Gram(s)--
Chamomile flower extract5 mg--
Passionflower extract20 mg--
Cannabinol10 mg--
Lemon Balm extract20 mg--
Cannabidiol30 mg--
Cannabigerol10 mg--

Other ingredients: Tapioca Syrup, Sugar, Water, Mango puree, Pear Juice Concentrate, Clarified Lemon Juice Concentrate, Pectin, Full Spectrum Hemp Extract, Alcohol, Glycerine, Natural flavor, Monoammoniated Glycyrrhizin, Malic Acid, Sodium Citrate, Passionflower Herb Extract, Lemon flavor, Mango flavor

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formula

Lemon mango 15mg CBD 5mg CBG 5mg CBN Per gummy Cannabinoid gummies + lemon balm and passion flower

Lazarus Naturals Sleep Gummies contain a potent blend of full spectrum CBD, CBG, and CBN.

Formulation

Sleep support Sleep

Specially-formulated for daily use to support more restful sleep and a deeply-satisfying state of relaxation. Hard-working and accessible to all - as it should be. From our farm to your door Farmed Organically grown on our central Oregon farm Tested 3rd party tested from plant to bottle to ensure safety and quality Formulated Crafted and packaged at our Portland facility For you Vertically integrated to provide effective and affordable CBD to all

Grown in Oregon

Vegan

Gluten free

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

General Statements

Scan for test results

Precautions

Manufactured in a facility that processes tree nuts.

Warning: Consult your doctor before use if you have been advised against eating grapefruit. Discontinue is any adverse reactions occur. This is a full spectrum product, meaning in addition to CBD, it also contains trace amounts of minor cannabinoids of this full spectrum product, explore our product test results using the QR code.

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested use: Cannabinoids' effects are highly individual. To find the number of Sleep Gummies that's right for you, start with two gummies (50 mg total cannabinoids) and adjust as needed.

Storage

Store in a cool, dark place.

Seals/Symbols

Certified B Corporation

See for yourself

Sleep Full Spectrum Cannabinoid Gummies by Lazarus Naturals label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

What’s inside

The Ingredients in Sleep Full Spectrum Cannabinoid Gummies by Lazarus Naturals

These are the 7 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size2 Gummy(ies) Dosage formGummy Or Jelly Servings per container5 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Sodium

Interacts with
205 drugs
10 mg per serving

Sodium is an essential mineral and electrolyte your body needs to balance fluids, support nerves, and help muscles work. Most people in modern diets g...

Sodium monograph & interactions

Chamomile flower extract

Interacts with
960 drugs
5 mg per serving

German chamomile is a widely used herbal remedy taken mainly as a tea for calming, sleep, and digestive complaints. Early research suggests possible b...

Chamomile flower extract monograph & interactions

Passionflower extract

Interacts with
836 drugs
20 mg per serving

Passion flower is a traditional calming herb that many people use for anxiety and sleep. Early studies hint it may help with mild anxiety and restless...

Passionflower extract monograph & interactions

Cannabinol

10 mg per serving

Lemon Balm extract

Interacts with
264 drugs
20 mg per serving

Lemon balm is a gentle, lemon-scented mint-family herb traditionally used to ease stress, support sleep, and calm digestion, and topically for cold so...

Lemon Balm extract monograph & interactions

Cannabidiol

30 mg per serving

Cannabigerol

10 mg per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Tapioca Syrup, Sugar, Water, Mango puree, Pear Juice Concentrate, Clarified Lemon Juice Concentrate, Pectin, Full Spectrum Hemp Extract, Alcohol, Glycerine, Natural flavor, Monoammoniated Glycyrrhizin, Malic Acid, Sodium Citrate, Passionflower Herb Extract, Lemon flavor, Mango flavor. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Sleep Full Spectrum Cannabinoid Gummies by Lazarus Naturals Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Sleep Full Spectrum Cannabinoid Gummies?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

Go to the checker
1,132Drugs
1,074 Moderate 58 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Sodium 205

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Sleep Full Spectrum Cannabinoid Gummies with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Chamomile flower extract9 drug types · 960 drugs

Cns Depressants

Theoretically, German chamomile might have additive effects when used with CNS depressants.
German chamomile has mild sedative effects. Theoretically, concomitant use with drugs with sedative properties can cause additive effects and side effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Contraceptive Drugs

Theoretically, large amounts of German chamomile might reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.
In vitro, German chamomile has demonstrated antiestrogenic activity. Theoretically, concomitant use of large amounts of German chamomile might interfere with contraceptive drugs through competition for estrogen receptors.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates

Theoretically, German chamomile might inhibit CYP2C9 and increase levels of drugs metabolized by these enzymes.
In vitro evidence shows that German chamomile might inhibit CYP2C9. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans. However, there might be an increase in the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9 in patients taking German chamomile.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates

Theoretically, German chamomile might inhibit CYP2D6 and increase levels of drugs metabolized by these enzymes.
In vitro evidence shows that German chamomile might inhibit CYP2D6. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans. However, there might be an increase in the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 in patients taking German chamomile.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, German chamomile might inhibit CYP3A4 and increase levels of drugs metabolized by these enzymes.
In vitro evidence shows that German chamomile might inhibit CYP3A4. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans. However, there might be an increase in the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4 in patients taking German chamomile.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Estrogens

Theoretically, large amounts of German chamomile might reduce the effectiveness of estrogens.
In vitro, German chamomile has demonstrated antiestrogenic activity. Theoretically, large amounts of German chamomile might interfere with hormone replacement therapy through competition for estrogen receptors.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)

Theoretically, large amounts of German chamomile might interfere with the activity of tamoxifen.
In vitro, German chamomile has demonstrated antiestrogenic activity.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

German chamomile might increase the effects of warfarin and increase the risk of bleeding.
In one case, a 70-year-old female taking warfarin developed retroperitoneal hematoma and bilateral recti muscle bleeding along with an INR of 7.9 following ingestion of German chamomile tea 4-5 cups daily and use of a topical chamomile-based lotion applied 4-5 times daily.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, German chamomile might inhibit CYP1A2 and increase levels of drugs metabolized by these enzymes.
In vitro and animal research shows that German chamomile might inhibit CYP1A2. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans. However, there might be an increase in the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2 in patients taking German chamomile.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Passionflower extract3 drug types · 836 drugs

Cns Depressants

Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Research in animals and humans shows that passion flower has sedative effects which can be additive when used with sedative medications like lorazepam.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
In vitro research suggests that passion flower can induce CYP3A4 enzymes, albeit to a much lower degree than rifampin, a known CYP3A4 inducer.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide Substrates (Oatp)

Theoretically, passion flower might reduce the bioavailability of OATP2B1 and OATP1A2 substrates.
In vitro research shows that the passion flower constituents apigenin and vitexin inhibit OATP2B1 and OATP1A2. This inhibition may be dose-dependent. One specific high-flavonoid passion flower extract (Valverde) seems to inhibit OATP2B1 and OATP1A2, while another extract with a lower flavonoid concentration (Arkocaps) shows less potent inhibition. OATPs are responsible for the uptake of drugs and other compounds into the body; however, the specific activities of OATP2B1 and OATP1A2 are not well characterized.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Lemon Balm extract2 drug types · 264 drugs

Cns Depressants

Theoretically, concomitant use of lemon balm might have additive effects with CNS depressant drugs.
Lemon balm seems to have CNS depressant activity in animals and in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Thyroid Hormone

Theoretically, lemon balm might interfere with thyroid hormone replacement therapy.
In vitro, constituents of lemon balm extract bind to thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), preventing TSH receptor-binding and leading to the inhibition of TSH-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity. In animals, lemon balm extract has been shown to decrease levels of circulating TSH and inhibit thyroid secretion.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Sodium7 drug types · 205 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, a high intake of dietary sodium might reduce the effectiveness of antihypertensive drugs.
High intake of dietary sodium can increase systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Also, high intake of sodium may necessitate increased use of antihypertensive medications to achieve blood pressure control in some patients, such as those with chronic kidney disease.

Likelihood Probable Evidence A
Corticosteroids

Concomitant use of mineralocorticoids and some glucocorticoids with sodium supplements might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Mineralocorticoids and some glucocorticoids (corticosteroids) cause sodium retention. This effect is dose-related and depends on mineralocorticoid potency. It is most common with hydrocortisone, cortisone, and fludrocortisone, followed by prednisone and prednisolone.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Didanosine (Videx)

Concomitant use of didanosine with additional sodium from dietary or supplemental sources may increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Didanosine formulations contain a significant amount of sodium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Lithium

Altering dietary intake of sodium might alter the levels and clinical effects of lithium.
High sodium intake can reduce plasma concentrations of lithium by increasing lithium excretion. Reducing sodium intake can significantly increase plasma concentrations of lithium and cause lithium toxicity in patients being treated with lithium carbonate. Stabilizing sodium intake is shown to reduce the percentage of patients with lithium level fluctuations above 0.8 mEq/L. Patients taking lithium should avoid significant alterations in their dietary intake of sodium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Sodium Phosphates

Theoretically, concomitant use of sodium phosphate with sodium supplements might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Use of high doses (> 45 mL in 24 hours) of sodium phosphate, such as those used for bowel cleansing before surgery, can lead to serious electrolyte disturbances, including hypernatremia. The risk of hypernatremia is highest in the elderly and people with other risk factors for electrolyte disturbances.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Sodium-Containing Drugs

Concomitant use of sodium-containing drugs with additional sodium from dietary or supplemental sources may increase the risk of hypernatremia and long-term sodium-related complications.
The Chronic Disease Risk Reduction (CDRR) intake level of 2.3 grams of sodium daily indicates the intake at which it is believed that chronic disease risk increases for the apparently healthy population. Some medications contain high quantities of sodium. When used in conjunction with sodium supplements or high-sodium diets, the CDRR may be exceeded. Additionally, concomitant use may increase the risk for hypernatremia; this risk is highest in the elderly and people with other risk factors for electrolyte disturbances.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Tolvaptan (Samsca)

Theoretically, concomitant use of tolvaptan with sodium might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Tolvaptan is a vasopressin receptor 2 antagonist that is used to increase sodium levels in patients with hyponatremia. Patients taking tolvaptan should use caution with the use of sodium salts such as sodium chloride.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Sleep Full Spectrum Cannabinoid Gummies, from the product label.

Lazarus Naturals

See all Lazarus Naturals products
Name
Lazarus Naturals
Street Address
16427 NE Airport Way
City
Portland
State
OR
ZipCode
97230
Phone Number
1.888.966.6210
Web Address
lazarusnaturals.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Sleep Full Spectrum Cannabinoid Gummies by Lazarus Naturals: Common Questions

Does Sleep Full Spectrum Cannabinoid Gummies by Lazarus Naturals interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Sleep Full Spectrum Cannabinoid Gummies has a known interaction with 1,132 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Sleep Full Spectrum Cannabinoid Gummies contains 7 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Will this make me drowsy?
Possibly. Passionflower and lemon balm both have sedative effects, and the facts note that passionflower commonly causes drowsiness, dizziness, and sedation. Chamomile also has mild sedative effects. If you're sensitive to these plants or are taking other sedating medications, drowsiness is more likely.
Can I take this while pregnant?
No, not safely based on the data we hold. Passionflower is rated Possibly Unsafe in pregnancy. Chamomile and lemon balm should be avoided during pregnancy unless your doctor specifically approves. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist before use.
Can I breastfeed while taking this?
The safety data for these ingredients while breastfeeding are limited or insufficient. Passionflower should be avoided, and chamomile and lemon balm should be used only under medical guidance. Check with your doctor or pharmacist for personalized advice.
Is chamomile safe if I'm allergic to ragweed?
No. Chamomile can trigger allergic reactions in people sensitive to ragweed and related plants, including severe hypersensitivity reactions. If you have a ragweed allergy, avoid this product and speak with your pharmacist about alternatives.
Does lemon balm really help with stress and depression?
Lemon balm is rated Possibly Effective for stress and depression in our data, meaning there is some supporting evidence but it is not conclusive. Results vary from person to person.
What about the cannabinoids — do they help with sleep?
We hold no effectiveness data for cannabinol, cannabidiol, or cannabigerol in our database, so we can't tell you from the facts on file whether they help with sleep. Your doctor or a knowledgeable cannabis specialist can discuss their potential role based on current research.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Sleep Full Spectrum Cannabinoid Gummies is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Sleep Full Spectrum Cannabinoid Gummies label
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Sleep Full Spectrum Cannabinoid Gummies's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 84 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Sodium 38 references
  1. Garabedian-Ruffalo SM, Ruffalo RL. Drug and nutrient interactions. Am Fam Physician 1986;33:165-74.
  2. Food and Drug Administration Science Background: Safety of Sodium Phosphates Oral Solution. September 17, 2001. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/safety/sodiumphospate.htm
  3. Coton T, Mallaret C, Coilliot C, Carre D, Guisset M. Severe acute ulcerated gastritis induced by salt. Presse Med 2009;38(3):499-500. PubMed
  4. Frings-Meuthen P, Buehlmeier J, Baecker N, et al. High sodium chloride intake exacerbates immobilization-induced bone resorption and protein losses. J Appl Physiol 2011;111(2):537-542. PubMed
  5. Frings-Meuthen P, Baecker N, Heer M. Low-grade metabolic acidosis may be the cause of sodium chloride-induced exaggerated bone resorption. J Bone Miner Res 2008;23(4):517-524. PubMed
  6. Alam S, Johnson AG. A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCT) among healthy normotensive and essential hypertensive elderly patients to determine the effect of high salt (NaCl) diet of blood pressure. J Hum Hypertens 1999;13(6):367-74.
  7. Boudville N, Ward S, Benaroia M, House AA. Increased sodium intake correlates with greater use of antihypertensive agents by subjects with chronic kidney disease. Am J Hypertens 2005;18(10):1300-5. PubMed
  8. Bennett WM. Drug interactions and consequences of sodium restriction. Am J Clin Nutr 1997;65(2 Suppl):678S-681S. PubMed
  9. Okusa MD, Crystal LJ. Clinical manifestations and management of acute lithium intoxication. Am J Med 1994;97(4):383-9. PubMed
  10. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary reference intakes for water, potassium, sodium, chloride, and sulfate. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2005. Available at: http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10925. DOI
  11. D'Elia L, Rossi G, Ippolito R, Cappuccio FP, Strazzullo P. Habitual salt intake and risk of gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Clin Nutr 2012;31(4):489-98. PubMed
  12. Goldsmith SR. Hyponatremia in heart failure: time for a trial. J Card Fail 2013;19(6):398-400. PubMed
  13. Willocks L, Brettle R, Keen J, Valentine C, Pinching AJ. Formulations of didanosine (ddI) and salt overload. Lancet 1992;339(8786):190.
  14. Chen L, Zhang Z, Chen W, Whelton PK, Appel LJ. Lower Sodium Intake and Risk of Headaches: Results From the Trial of Nonpharmacologic Interventions in the Elderly. Am J Public Health. 2016;106(7):1270-5. PubMed
  15. Cook NR, Appel LJ, Whelton PK. Lower levels of sodium intake and reduced cardiovascular risk. Circulation. 2014;129(9):981-9. PubMed
  16. Cook NR, Appel LJ, Whelton PK. Sodium Intake and All-Cause Mortality Over 20 Years in the Trials of Hypertension Prevention. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;68(15):1609-1617. PubMed
  17. Mente A, O'Donnell M, Rangarajan S, et al. Associations of urinary sodium excretion with cardiovascular events in individuals with and without hypertension: a pooled analysis of data from four studies. Lancet. 2016;388(10043):465-75. PubMed
  18. Moosavian SP, Haghighatdoost F, Surkan PJ, Azadbakht L. Salt and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2017;68(3):265-277. PubMed
  19. O'Donnell M, Mente A, Rangarajan S, et al. Urinary sodium and potassium excretion, mortality, and cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(7):612-23. DOI
  20. Poggio R, Gutierrez L, Matta MG, Elorriaga N, Irazola V, Rubinstein A. Daily sodium consumption and CVD mortality in the general population: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Public Health Nutr. 2015;18(4):695-704. PubMed
  21. Stallings VA, Harrison M, Oria M; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium, Food and Nutrition Board, Health and Medicine Division, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington (DC): National Acad
  22. Mahtani KR, Heneghan C, Onakpoya I, et al. Reduced Salt Intake for Heart Failure: A Systematic Review. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Dec 1;178(12):1693-1700. PubMed
  23. Yancy CW. Sodium Restriction in Heart Failure: Too Much Uncertainty-Do the Trials. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Dec 1;178(12):1700-1701. PubMed
  24. He FJ, Campbell NRC, Ma Y, MacGregor GA, Cogswell ME, Cook NR. Errors in estimating usual sodium intake by the Kawasaki formula alter its relationship with mortality: implications for public health. Int J Epidemiol. 2018;47(6):1784-1795. PubMed
  25. Murthy K, Ondrey GJ, Malkani N, et al. THE EFFECTS OF HYPONATREMIA ON BONE DENSITY AND FRACTURES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS. Endocr Pract. 2019;25(4):366-378. PubMed
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Passion Flower 19 references
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Lemon Balm 12 references
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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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