Whole Body Detox Ingredients & Drug Interactions
by TerraVita
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Whole Body Detox against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Whole Body Detox is a dietary supplement by TerraVita with 5 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for digestive upset and poor appetite, boosting bile flow, general bitter tonic.Based on those ingredients, 2,144 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract, Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract, Blessed Thistle Glycerite Liquid Extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Whole Body Detox by TerraVita
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Whole Body Detox by TerraVita — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Whole Body Detox by TerraVita
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Low disclosure
This liquid contains five active ingredients: blessed thistle glycerite liquid extract, mallow glycerite liquid extract, marshmallow leaf glycerite liquid extract, milk thistle plant glycerite liquid extract, and persimmon leaf glycerite liquid extract. The product also contains glycerin as an inactive ingredient.
Each of these plant extracts is traditionally used to support digestive or detoxification processes, though the evidence for most of these uses remains limited.
Does it work?
Not established
The effectiveness data for these ingredients are limited. Milk thistle is rated possibly effective for diabetes; the others — blessed thistle for indigestion (dyspepsia), mallow for constipation or cough, marshmallow for respiratory tract infections or skin conditions, and persimmon leaf — all fall into insufficient reliable evidence to rate.
That means we don't have solid trial data showing they work for any particular condition. If you're considering this product for a specific health goal, talk with your pharmacist or doctor about what the evidence actually supports.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Blessed thistle, mallow, and marshmallow are generally well tolerated in short-term use, but human safety data are limited for all three. Blessed thistle in high doses (more than 5 grams per cup of tea) can cause stomach irritation and vomiting; people allergic to the ragweed family may have skin reactions.
Mallow and marshmallow may cause diarrhea, nausea, indigestion, or vomiting. Milk thistle is usually well tolerated; mild gastrointestinal side effects like bloating, nausea, or diarrhea are uncommon and rarely occur more often than placebo.
Rarely, allergic reactions have been reported. We hold no safety data on persimmon leaf extract.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Before taking this product, check with your pharmacist if you use blood thinners (anticoagulants) like warfarin, diabetes medications, morphine, acid reflux drugs (H2-blockers, antacids, proton pump inhibitors), lithium, or ledipasvir. Milk thistle can also affect how your liver processes a broad class of other drugs, so run your complete medication list through the checker on this page.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with no established evidence rating for its marketed use. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
If you take any prescription medications — especially blood thinners, diabetes drugs, acid reflux medications, lithium, or morphine — you need to check this product against your exact list before starting it. The milk thistle in particular has significant interactions.
Even if you're not on medications, the evidence for what this detox actually does is weak. Talk to your pharmacist or doctor about whether it makes sense for you.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 4 of 5 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Dec 13, 2022.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Whole Body Detox, straight from the product label.
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Whole Body Detox by TerraVita, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Proprietary Blend | 0.13 mL | -- |
| Blessed Thistle Glycerite Liquid Extract | 0 NP | -- |
| Mallow Glycerite Liquid Extract | 0 NP | -- |
| Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract | 0 NP | -- |
| Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract | 0 NP | -- |
| Persimmon Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract | 0 NP | -- |
Other ingredients: Glycerin
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Brand IP Statement(s)
Copyright 2018 TerraVita Distributed by ZooScape LLC, All Rights Reserved.
Formula
Glycerite liquid extract (1:5)
Formulation
Alcohol free
No flavor
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Suggested Use: Take 25-40 drops of extract in a small amount of warm water 3-4 times daily. Shake well before using.
Precautions
Keep away from children.
Do not use if safety seal around cap is broken or missing.
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Whole Body Detox by TerraVita label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Whole Body Detox by TerraVita
These are the 5 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size25 Drop(s) Dosage formLiquid Servings per container227 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Proprietary Blend
- › Blessed Thistle Glycerite Liquid Extract
- › Mallow Glycerite Liquid Extract
- › Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract
- › Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract
- › Persimmon Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract
Other (inactive) ingredients: Glycerin. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Whole Body Detox by TerraVita Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
TerraVita's Whole Body Detox contains several ingredients that do interact with medications.
The most serious concern is milk thistle, which carries Moderate-severity interactions with a wide range of drugs. Milk thistle can inhibit liver enzymes and affect how your body clears certain medications — including blood thinners like warfarin, diabetes drugs, morphine, and several others — potentially changing their effectiveness or raising their levels to unsafe points.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Blessed thistle may reduce how well acid-reducing medications work (H2-blockers, antacids, and proton pump inhibitors) because it increases stomach acid. Marshmallow leaf can theoretically interfere with how your body absorbs oral medications and may affect lithium levels due to diuretic effects.
We could not check persimmon leaf extract — we hold no interaction data for it.
All together, these interactions span 2,125 individual medications. Before you start this product, run your exact prescriptions through the medication checker below — especially if you take blood thinners, diabetes medications, acid reflux drugs, lithium, or morphine.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Whole Body Detox?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Whole Body Detox interact with 2,144 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
3 of the 5 ingredients in Whole Body Detox interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract Blessed Thistle Glycerite Liquid Extract
AcarboseGlucobay, Prandase, Precose
How Acarbose interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Taking milk thistle with antidiabetes drugs may increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acarbose interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acarbose interactionAcetaminophenChildren's Tylenol, Children's Tylenol Meltaways, Tylenol, Tylenol Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, milk thistle might affect the clearance of drugs that undergo glucuronidation.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen interactionAcetaminophen, AspirinGemnisyn
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, milk thistle might affect the clearance of drugs that undergo glucuronidation.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Oral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, marshmallow flower might have antiplatelet effects.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAcetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, milk thistle might affect the clearance of drugs that undergo glucuronidation.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Oral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, marshmallow flower might have antiplatelet effects.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Brompheniramine, PhenylpropanolamineDimetapp Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, milk thistle might affect the clearance of drugs that undergo glucuronidation.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, ButalbitalAxocet, Bancap, Bucet, Butex Forte, Esgic CF, Orbivan CF +5 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, milk thistle might affect the clearance of drugs that undergo glucuronidation.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CaffeineEsgic, Esgic Plus, Fiogesic, Fioricet, Repan, Tecnal +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, milk thistle might affect the clearance of drugs that undergo glucuronidation.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, CodeineEsgic with Codeine, Fioricet w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, milk thistle might affect the clearance of drugs that undergo glucuronidation.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CodeineBancap w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, milk thistle might affect the clearance of drugs that undergo glucuronidation.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine PhosphatePhrenilin #3
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, milk thistle might affect the clearance of drugs that undergo glucuronidation.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, PhenylephrineHycomine Compound
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, milk thistle might affect the clearance of drugs that undergo glucuronidation.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, CodeineGesic C15, Gesic C30, Gesic C8, Lenoltec 1, Lenoltec 2, Lenoltec 3 +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if milk thistle inhibits CYP3A4; research is conflicting.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, SalicylamideCodalan No.1, Codalan No.2, Codalan No.3
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, milk thistle might affect the clearance of drugs that undergo glucuronidation.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, DihydrocodeineDHC Plus, Panlor DC, Panlor SS
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, milk thistle might affect the clearance of drugs that undergo glucuronidation.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, IsomethepteneMigralam
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if milk thistle inhibits CYP3A4; research is conflicting.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, PyrilamineMidol Max Strength Menstrual
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, milk thistle might affect the clearance of drugs that undergo glucuronidation.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan HbrVicks Formula 44M Cough, Cold & Flu Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if milk thistle inhibits CYP3A4; research is conflicting.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, PhenylephrineColrex
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, milk thistle might affect the clearance of drugs that undergo glucuronidation.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, DextromethorphanCoricidin II Extra Strength Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, milk thistle might affect the clearance of drugs that undergo glucuronidation.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan HydrobromideCoricidin HBP Maximum Strength Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if milk thistle inhibits CYP3A4; research is conflicting.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, PhenylpropanolamineMulti Symptom Cold Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, milk thistle might affect the clearance of drugs that undergo glucuronidation.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, PseudoephedrineChildren's Tylenol Cold Plus Cough, Tylenol Cold Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if milk thistle inhibits CYP3A4; research is conflicting.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, SalicylamideRhinogesic GG
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if milk thistle inhibits CYP3A4; research is conflicting.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, PhenylephrineAlka-Seltzer PLUS, Histex SR, Protid
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, milk thistle might affect the clearance of drugs that undergo glucuronidation.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, SalicylamideRhinogesic, Rhinogesic JR
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, milk thistle might affect the clearance of drugs that undergo glucuronidation.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, PhenylpropanolamineAlumadrine, Conex, Sinadrin Max Strength, Sinulin
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if milk thistle inhibits CYP3A4; research is conflicting.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, OpiumHista-Derfule
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Opium interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, milk thistle might affect the clearance of drugs that undergo glucuronidation.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Opium interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Opium interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, PhenyltoloxamineNorel Plus
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Phenyltoloxamine interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, milk thistle might affect the clearance of drugs that undergo glucuronidation.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Phenyltoloxamine interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Phenyltoloxamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, PseudoephedrineAlka-Seltzer PLUS Liquid Gels, Children's Tylenol Cold, Codimal, Comtrex, Extra Strength Tylenol Allergy Sinus, Lorsin +3 more
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Pseudoephedrine interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, milk thistle might affect the clearance of drugs that undergo glucuronidation.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Pseudoephedrine interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Pseudoephedrine interactionAcetaminophen, ChlorzoxazoneAcetazone Forte, Extra Strength Tylenol Aches & Strains, Parafon Forte
How Acetaminophen, Chlorzoxazone interacts with Whole Body Detox — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, milk thistle might affect the clearance of drugs that undergo glucuronidation.
Read the full Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorzoxazone interactionMarshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid ExtractOral Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Read the full Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorzoxazone interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Whole Body Detox with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Marshmallow Leaf Glycerite Liquid Extract
Lithium
Theoretically, due to potential diuretic effects, marshmallow might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium.
Marshmallow is thought to have diuretic properties. To avoid lithium toxicity, the dose of lithium might need to be decreased when used with marshmallow.
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, marshmallow flower might have antiplatelet effects.
Animal research suggests that marshmallow flower extract has antiplatelet effects. However, the root and leaf of marshmallow, not the flower, are the plant parts most commonly found in dietary supplements. Theoretically, use of marshmallow flower with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs can have additive effects, and might increase the risk for bleeding in some patients.
Oral Drugs
Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Marshmallow contains mucilage which can affect oral drug absorption. To avoid changes in absorption, take marshmallow 30-60 minutes after oral medications.
Milk Thistle Plant Glycerite Liquid Extract
Antidiabetes Drugs
Taking milk thistle with antidiabetes drugs may increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Clinical research shows that milk thistle extract, alone or along with tree turmeric extract, can lower blood glucose levels and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in patients with type 2 diabetes, including those already taking antidiabetes drugs. Additionally, animal research shows that milk thistle extract increases the metformin maximum plasma concentration and area under the curve and decreases the renal clearance of metformin, due to inhibition of the multi-drug and toxin extrusion protein 1 (MATE1) renal tubular transport protein.
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (Cyp2B6) Substrates
Theoretically, milk thistle might inhibit CYP2B6.
An in vitro study shows that silybin, a constituent of milk thistle, binds to and noncompetitively inhibits CYP2B6. Additionally, silybin might downregulate the expression of CYP2B6 by decreasing mRNA and protein levels.
Glucuronidated Drugs
Theoretically, milk thistle might affect the clearance of drugs that undergo glucuronidation.
Laboratory research shows that milk thistle constituents inhibit uridine diphosphoglucuronosyl transferase (UGT), the major phase 2 enzyme that is responsible for glucuronidation. Theoretically, this could decrease the clearance and increase levels of glucuronidated drugs. Other laboratory research suggests that a milk thistle extract of silymarin might inhibit beta-glucuronidase, although the significance of this effect is unclear.
Ledipasvir
Theoretically, milk thistle might increase the levels and clinical effects of ledipasvir.
Animal research in rats shows that milk thistle increases the area under the curve (AUC) for ledipasvir and slows its elimination.
Morphine
Theoretically, concomitant use of milk thistle with morphine might affect serum levels of morphine and either increase or decrease its effects.
Animal research shows that milk thistle reduces serum levels of morphine by up to 66%. In contrast, laboratory research shows that milk thistle constituents inhibit uridine diphosphoglucuronosyl transferase (UGT), the major phase 2 enzyme that is responsible for glucuronidation. Theoretically, this could decrease the clearance and increase morphine levels. The effect of taking milk thistle on morphine metabolism in humans is not known.
Raloxifene (Evista)
Theoretically, milk thistle might decrease the clearance and increase levels of raloxifene.
Laboratory research suggests that the milk thistle constituents silibinin and silymarin inhibit the glucuronidation of raloxifene in the intestines.
Sirolimus (Rapamune)
Milk thistle might decrease the clearance of sirolimus.
Pharmacokinetic research shows that a milk thistle extract of silymarin decreases the apparent clearance of sirolimus in hepatically impaired renal transplant patients. It is unclear if this interaction occurs in patients without hepatic impairment.
Sofosbuvir (Solvaldi)
Theoretically, milk thistle might decrease the levels and clinical effects of sofosbuvir.
Animal research in rats shows that milk thistle reduces the metabolism of sofosbuvir, as well as the hepatic uptake of its active metabolite.
Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)
Theoretically, the milk thistle constituent silibinin might increase tamoxifen levels and interfere with its conversion to an active metabolite.
Animal research suggests that the milk thistle constituent silibinin might increase plasma levels of tamoxifen and alter its conversion to an active metabolite. The mechanism appears to involve inhibition of pre-systemic metabolism of tamoxifen by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 and CYP3A4, and inhibition of P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux of tamoxifen into the intestine for excretion. Whether this interaction occurs in humans is not known.
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Theoretically, milk thistle might increase the effects of warfarin.
In one case report, a man stabilized on warfarin experienced an increase in INR from 2.64 to 4.12 after taking a combination product containing milk thistle 200 mg daily, as well as dandelion, wild yam, niacinamide, and vitamin B12. Levels returned to normal after stopping the supplement. Although a direct correlation between milk thistle and the change in INR cannot be confirmed, some in vitro research suggests that milk thistle might inhibit cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9), an enzyme involved in the metabolism of various drugs, including warfarin.
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates
It is unclear if milk thistle inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
In vitro research suggests that milk thistle might inhibit CYP2C9. Additionally, 3 case reports from the World Health Organization (WHO) adverse drug reaction database describe increased toxicity in patients taking milk thistle and cancer medications that are CYP2C9 substrates, including imatinib and capecitabine. However, contradictory clinical research shows that milk thistle extract does not inhibit CYP2C9 or significantly affect levels of the CYP2C9 substrate tolbutamide. Differences in results could be due to differences in dosages or formulations utilized.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
It is unclear if milk thistle inhibits CYP3A4; research is conflicting.
While laboratory research shows conflicting results, pharmacokinetic research shows that taking milk thistle extract 420-1350 mg daily does not significantly affect the metabolism of the CYP3A4 substrates irinotecan, midazolam, or indinavir. However, 8 case reports from the World Health Organization (WHO) adverse drug reaction database describe increased toxicity in patients taking milk thistle and cancer medications that are CYP3A4 substrates, including gefitinib, sorafenib, doxorubicin, and vincristine.
Estrogens
Theoretically, milk thistle might interfere with estrogen therapy through competition for estrogen receptors.
Animal research suggests that a milk thistle extract of silymarin binds to estrogen receptor beta.
Hmg-Coa Reductase Inhibitors ("Statins")
Theoretically, milk thistle might interfere with statin therapy by decreasing the activity of organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATB1B1) and inhibiting breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP).
Preliminary evidence suggests that a milk thistle extract of silymarin can decrease the activity of the OATP1B1, which transports HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors into the liver to their site of action, and animal research shows this increases the maximum plasma concentration of pitavastatin and pravastatin. The silibinin component also inhibits BCRP, which transports statins from the liver into the bile for excretion. However, in a preliminary study in healthy males, silymarin 140 mg three times daily had no effect on the pharmacokinetics of a single 10 mg dose of rosuvastatin.
Indinavir (Crixivan)
Theoretically, milk thistle may induce cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes and increase the metabolism of indinavir; however, results are conflicting.
One pharmacokinetic study shows that taking milk thistle (Standardized Milk Thistle, General Nutrition Corp.) 175 mg three times daily in combination with multiple doses of indinavir 800 mg every 8 hours decreases the mean trough levels of indinavir by 25%. However, results from the same pharmacokinetic study show that milk thistle does not affect the overall exposure to indinavir. Furthermore, two other pharmacokinetic studies show that taking specific milk thistle extract (Legalon, Rottapharm Madaus; Thisilyn, Nature's Way) 160-450 mg every 8 hours in combination with multiple doses of indinavir 800 mg every 8 hours does not reduce levels of indinavir.
Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide Substrates (Oatp)
Milk thistle may inhibit one form of OATP, OATP-B1, which could reduce the bioavailability and clinical effects of OATP-B1 substrates.
In vitro research shows that milk thistle inhibits OATP-B1. Two case reports from the World Health Organization (WHO) adverse drug reaction database describe increased toxicity in patients taking milk thistle and cancer medications that are OATP substrates, including sorafenib and methotrexate. OATPs are expressed in the small intestine and liver and are responsible for the uptake of drugs and other compounds into the body. Inhibition of OATP may reduce the bioavailability of oral drugs that are substrates of OATP.
P-Glycoprotein Substrates
Theoretically, milk thistle might increase the absorption of P-glycoprotein substrates. However, this effect does not seem to be clinically significant.
In vitro research shows that milk thistle can inhibit P-glycoprotein activity and 1 case report from the World Health Organization (WHO) adverse drug reaction database describes increased abdominal pain in a patient taking milk thistle and the cancer medication vincristine, a P-glycoprotein substrate, though this patient was also taking methotrexate. However, a small pharmacokinetic study in healthy volunteers shows that taking milk thistle (Enzymatic Therapy Inc.) 900 mg, standardized to 80% silymarin, in 3 divided doses daily for 14 days does not affect absorption of digoxin, a P-glycoprotein substrate.
Blessed Thistle Glycerite Liquid Extract
Antacids
Theoretically, blessed thistle might decrease the effectiveness of antacids.
There are reports that blessed thistle increases stomach acid.
H2-Blockers
Theoretically, blessed thistle might decrease the effectiveness of H2-blockers.
There are reports that blessed thistle increases stomach acid.
Proton Pump Inhibitors (Ppis)
Theoretically, blessed thistle might decrease the effectiveness of PPIs.
There are reports that blessed thistle increases stomach acid.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Whole Body Detox, from the product label.
TerraVita
See all TerraVita products- Name
- ZooScape LLC
- Phone Number
- 844-449-0444
- Web Address
- www.ZooScape.com
Whole Body Detox by TerraVita: Common Questions
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Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
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The Full Monographs Behind Whole Body Detox’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Blessed Thistle
Interacts with 36 drugsBlessed thistle is a bitter herb traditionally used to stimulate appetite and ease mild digestive complaints. High-quality human studies are lacking, so its benefits are not well proven. It...
Read the full Blessed Thistle monograph → Herb & supplement monographMallow
Mallow (Malva sylvestris) is a traditional herb valued for its soothing, mucilage-rich leaves and flowers, used mostly for sore throat, cough, and minor skin or stomach irritation. Scientifi...
Read the full Mallow monograph → Herb & supplement monographMarshmallow
Interacts with 2,040 drugsMarshmallow root is a traditional herb rich in soothing, gel-like fibers called mucilage, which is why it has long been used for coughs, sore throats, and stomach irritation. Evidence for th...
Read the full Marshmallow monograph → Herb & supplement monographMilk Thistle
Interacts with 954 drugsMilk thistle is a popular herbal supplement most often used for liver health, and its main active component is a group of compounds called silymarin. While it is generally well tolerated, th...
Read the full Milk Thistle monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Whole Body Detox's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 78 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Blessed Thistle 2 references
- McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
- Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
Mallow 2 references
- Ameri A, Heydarirad G, Rezaeizadeh H, Choopani R, Ghobadi A, Gachkar L. Evaluation of Efficacy of an Herbal Compound on Dry Mouth in Patients With Head and Neck Cancers: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med. 2016;21(1):30-3. PubMed
- Elsagh M, Fartookzadeh MR, Kamalinejad M, et al. Efficacy of the Malva sylvestris L. flowers aqueous extract for functional constipation: A placebo-controlled trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2015;21(2):105-11. PubMed
Marshmallow 5 references
- Monographs on the medicinal uses of plant drugs. Exeter, UK: European Scientific Co-op Phytother, 1997.
- Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
- McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
- Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
- Hage-Sleiman R, Mroueh M, Daher CF. Pharmacological evaluation of aqueous extract of Althaea officinalis flower grown in Lebanon. Pharm Biol 2011;49(3):327-33.
Milk Thistle 69 references
- Ferenci P, Dragosics B, Dittrich H, et al. Randomized controlled trial of silymarin treatment in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. J Hepatol 1989;9:105-13. PubMed
- Anon. Milk thistle: Effects on liver disease and cirrhosis and clinical adverse effects. Summary, Evidence Report/Technology Assessment: Number 21, September 2000. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD. Available at: http://www.ahrq.g
- Beckmann-Knopp S, Rietbrock S, Weyhenmeyer R, et al. Inhibitory effects of silibinin on cytochrome P-450 enzymes in human liver microsomes. Pharmacol Toxicol 2000;86:250-6. PubMed
- Venkataramanan R, Ramachandran V, Komoroski BJ, et al. Milk thistle, a herbal supplement, decreases the activity of CYP3A4 and uridine diphosphoglucuronosyl transferase in human hepatocyte cultures. Drug Metab Dispos 2000;28:1270-3. DOI
- Kim DH, Jin YH, Park JB, Kobashi K. Silymarin and its components are inhibitors of beta-glucuronidase. Biol Pharm Bull 1994;17:443-5. PubMed
- Pares A, Planas R, Torres M, et al. Effects of silymarin in alcoholic patients with cirrhosis of the liver: results of a controlled, double-blind, randomized and multicenter trial. J Hepatol 1998;28:615-21. PubMed
- Piscitelli SC, Formentini E, Burstein AH, et al. Effect of milk thistle on the pharmacokinetics of indinavir in healthy volunteers. Pharmacotherapy 2002;22:551-6. PubMed
- Boerth J, Strong KM. The clinical utility of milk thistle (Silybum marianum) in cirrhosis of the liver. J Herb Pharmacother 2002;2:11-7.
- Tanamly MD, Tadros F, Labeeb S, et al. Randomised double-blinded trial evaluating silymarin for chronic hepatitis C in an Egyptian village: study description and 12-month results. Dig Liver Dis 2004;36:752-9. PubMed
- Gurley BJ, Gardner SF, Hubbard MA, et al. In vivo assessment of botanical supplementation on human cytochrome P450 phenotypes: Citrus aurantium, Echinacea purpurea, milk thistle, and saw palmetto. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2004;76:428-40. .
- Huseini HF, Larijani B, Heshmat R, et al. The efficacy of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. (silymarin) in the treatment of type II diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial. Phytother Res 2006;20;1036-9.
- Deng JW, Shon JH, Shin HJ, et al. Effect of silymarin supplement on the pharmacokinetics of rosuvastatin. Pharm Res 2008;25:1807-14. PubMed
- Kim CS, Choi SJ, Park CY, et al. Effects of silybinin on the pharmacokinetics of tamoxifen and its active metabolite, 4-hydroxytamoxifen in rats. Anticancer Res 2010;30:79-85.
- Sridar C, Goosen TC, Kent UM, et al. Silybin inactivates cytochromes P450 3A4 and 2C9 and inhibits major hepatic glucuronosyltransferases. Drug Metab Dispos 2004;32:587-94. PubMed
- van Erp NP, Baker SD, Zhao M, et al. Effect of milk thistle (Silybum marianum) on the pharmacokinetics of irinotecan. Clin Cancer Res 2005;11:7800-6.
- Budzinski JW, Trudeau VL, Drouin CE, et al. Modulation of human cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in Caco-2 cell monolayers by selected commercial-source milk thistle and goldenseal products. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007;85:966-78.
- Doehmer J, Weiss G, McGregor GP, Appel K. Assessment of a dry extract from milk thistle (Silybum marianum) for interference with human liver cytochrome-P450 activities. Toxicol In Vitro 2011;25:21-7. PubMed
- Jiao Z, Shi XJ, Li ZD, et al. Population pharmacokinetics of sirolimus in de novo Chinese adult renal transplant patients. Br.J.Clin.Pharmacol. 2009;68(1):47-60.
- Gurley, B. J., Barone, G. W., Williams, D. K., Carrier, J., Breen, P., Yates, C. R., Song, P. F., Hubbard, M. A., Tong, Y., and Cheboyina, S. Effect of milk thistle (Silybum marianum) and black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) supplementation on digoxin phar
- Allain, H., Schuck, S., Lebreton, S., Strenge-Hesse, A., Braun, W., Gandon, J. M., and Brissot, P. Aminotransferase levels and silymarin in de novo tacrine-treated patients with Alzheimer's disease. Dement.Geriatr.Cogn Disord. 1999;10(3):181-185. PubMed
- Angulo, P., Patel, T., Jorgensen, R. A., Therneau, T. M., and Lindor, K. D. Silymarin in the treatment of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis with a suboptimal response to ursodeoxycholic acid. Hepatology 2000;32(5):897-900. PubMed
- Bean, P. The use of alternative medicine in the treatment of hepatitis C. Am.Clin.Lab 2002;21(4):19-21.
- Hussain, S. A. Silymarin as an adjunct to glibenclamide therapy improves long-term and postprandial glycemic control and body mass index in type 2 diabetes. J.Med.Food 2007;10(3):543-547. PubMed
- El-Kamary, S. S., Shardell, M. D., Abdel-Hamid, M., Ismail, S., El-Ateek, M., Metwally, M., Mikhail, N., Hashem, M., Mousa, A., Aboul-Fotouh, A., El-Kassas, M., Esmat, G., and Strickland, G. T. A randomized controlled trial to assess the safety and effic
- Gharagozloo, M., Moayedi, B., Zakerinia, M., Hamidi, M., Karimi, M., Maracy, M., and Amirghofran, Z. Combined therapy of silymarin and desferrioxamine in patients with beta-thalassemia major: a randomized double-blind clinical trial. Fundam.Clin.Pharmaco
- Ladas, E. J., Kroll, D. J., Oberlies, N. H., Cheng, B., Ndao, D. H., Rheingold, S. R., and Kelly, K. M. A randomized, controlled, double-blind, pilot study of milk thistle for the treatment of hepatotoxicity in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL PubMed
- Sayyah, M., Boostani, H., Pakseresht, S., and Malayeri, A. Comparison of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. with fluoxetine in the treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Prog.Neuropsychopharmacol.Biol.Psychiatry 3-17-2010;34(2):362-365. PubMed
- Flaig, T. W., Glode, M., Gustafson, D., van, Bokhoven A., Tao, Y., Wilson, S., Su, L. J., Li, Y., Harrison, G., Agarwal, R., Crawford, E. D., Lucia, M. S., and Pollak, M. A study of high-dose oral silybin-phytosome followed by prostatectomy in patients w
- Ramirez-Santos, A., Perez-Bustillo, A., Gonzalez-Sixto, B., Suarez-Amor, O., and Rodriguez-Prieto, M. A. [Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis due to milk thistle (Silybum marianum) tea]. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2011;102(9):744-745. DOI
- Loguercio C, Andreone P, Brisc C, et al. Silybin combined with phosphatidylcholine and vitamin E in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled trial. Free Radic Biol Med 2012;52(9):1658-65. PubMed
- Yakoot, M. and Salem, A. Spirulina platensis versus silymarin in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection. A pilot randomized, comparative clinical trial. BMC.Gastroenterol. 2012;12:32. PubMed
- Fallahzadeh, M. K., Dormanesh, B., Sagheb, M. M., Roozbeh, J., Vessal, G., Pakfetrat, M., Daneshbod, Y., Kamali-Sarvestani, E., and Lankarani, K. B. Effect of addition of silymarin to renin-angiotensin system inhibitors on proteinuria in type 2 diabetic
- Fried, M. W., Navarro, V. J., Afdhal, N., Belle, S. H., Wahed, A. S., Hawke, R. L., Doo, E., Meyers, C. M., and Reddy, K. R. Effect of silymarin (milk thistle) on liver disease in patients with chronic hepatitis C unsuccessfully treated with interferon t
- Fallah Huseini, H., Larijani, B., Fakhrzadeh, H., Rajabi Pour, B., Akhondzadeh, S., Toliat, T., and Heshmat, R. The clinical trial of Silybum Marianum seed extract (Silymarin) on type II diabetic patients with hyperlipidemia. Iran J.Diabetes Lipid Disord
- Mironets VI, Krasovskaia EA, and Polishchuk II. [A case of urticaria during Carsil treatment]. Vrach Delo 1990;7:86-87.
- Velussi M, Cernigoi AM, Viezzoli L, and et al. Silymarin reduces hyperinsulinemia, malondialdehyde levels, and daily insulin need in cirrhotic diabetic patients. Curr Ther Res 1993;53(5):533-545. DOI
- Marcelli R, Bizzoni P, Conte D, and et al. Randomized controlled study of the efficacy and tolerability of a short course of IdB 1016 in the treatment of chronic persistent hepatitis. Eur Bull Drug Res 1992;1(3):131-135.
- Vailati A, Aristia L, Sozze E, and et al. Randomized open study of the dose-effect relationship of a short course of IdB 1016 in patients with viral or alcoholic hepatitis. Fitoterapia 1993;64(3):219-228.
- Marena C and Lampertico M. Preliminary clinical development of silipide: a new complex of silybin in toxic liver disorders. Planta Med 1991;57(2):A124-A125. DOI
- Grungreiff K, Albrecht M, and Strenge-Hesse A. Benefit of medicinal liver therapy in general practice. Med Welt 1995;46:222-227.
- Frerick F, Kuhn U, and Strenge-Hesse A. Silymarin--ein Phytopharmakon zur Behandlung toxischen Leberschaden: Anwendungsbeobachtung bei 2169 Patienten. Kassenarzt 1990;33:36-41.
- Schuppan D, Strosser W, Burkard G, and et al. Influence of Legalon(TM) 140 on the metabolism of collagen in patients with chronic liver disease--Review by measurement of PIIINP-values. Zeitschrift fur Allgemeinmedizin 1998;74:577-584.
- Studlar M. Die Behandlung chronischer Leberkrankungen mit Silymarin und B-Vitaminen. Therapiewoche 1985;35:3375-3378.
- Anon. Adverse reaction: milk thistle-associated toxicity. Nurse Drug Alert 1999;23(7):51.
- Gufford BT, Chen G, Vergara AG, et al. Milk Thistle Constituents Inhibit Raloxifene Intestinal Glucuronidation: A Potential Clinically Relevant Natural Product-Drug Interaction. Drug Metab Dispos. 2015;43(9):1353-9. PubMed
- El-Shitany NA, Hegazy S, El-Desoky K. Evidences for antiosteoporotic and selective estrogen receptor modulator activity of silymarin compared with ethinylestradiol in ovariectomized rats. Phytomedicine. 2010;17(2):116-25. PubMed
- Seidlová-Wuttke D, Becker T, Christoffel V, Jarry H, Wuttke W. Silymarin is a selective estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta) agonist and has estrogenic effects in the metaphysis of the femur but no or antiestrogenic effects in the uterus of ovariectomized (ovx
- Jalloh MA, Gregory PJ, Hein D, et al. Dietary supplement interactions with antiretrovirals: a systematic review. Int J STD AIDS. 2017 Jan;28(1):4-15. PubMed
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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
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