Label image from the product's FDA listing (DailyMed) — may show a different pack size or an older label revision.
SOAANZ Torsemide 40 mg Tablet, Film Coated, 30-count — NDC 73502-586-10 (Billing 73502-0586-10)
by Sarfez Pharmaceuticals Inc · 30 TABLET, FILM COATED in 1 BOTTLE
This is a package of 30 tablets of SOAANZ Torsemide 40 mg Tablet, Film Coated from Sarfez Pharmaceuticals Inc, marketed since Jan 2022 and currently FDA-listed. It is the main listing for this product, which comes in 2 package sizes.
NDC 73502-0586-10
🏷️ FDA NDC (as labeled)
73502-586-10
billing pads the product segment with a zero
This package
Contains30-count
Pack sizes2 compare ↓
Also priced by: Part D plans $9.77/unit — full pricing hub ↓
Main listing for product 73502-586 · Also comes in:
90 tablets 73502-586-11
🗂️ FDA directory synced Oct 1, 2026 · this listing last changed Jul 24, 2026 · sources: openFDA · FDA label (DailyMed) · FDA Orange & Purple Book · First Databank · CMS NADAC, ASP, Medicare & Medicaid · RxNorm
📋 All sources & update times →
NDC database record
One package, one record: these facts belong to NDC 73502-586-10 alone.
- Record
- FDA NDC Directory package listing · Human prescription drug
- Code segments
- 73502 labeler · 586 product · 10 package
- Package marketed since
- Jan 24, 2022
- Sample package
- No — commercial package
- Listing certified through
- Dec 31, 2027
- Billing quantity
- 30 EA per package
- Barcode (UPC)
- 0373502287164
- FDA record last changed
- Jul 24, 2026
Identity & classification
Regulatory identifiers FDA, NLM and CMS codes for this package
FDA NDC (as labeled)
73502-586-10
Product NDC
73502-586
11-digit billing NDC
73502058610
NCPDP billing unit
EA — each (per item)
UNII
W31X2H97FB
UPC
0373502287164
Application #
NDA213218
SPL Set ID
05eaa163-b6e9-438a-85f8-6a60e743d460
Established class (EPC)
Loop Diuretic
Physiologic effect
Increased Diuresis at Loop of Henle
DEA schedule
Non-controlled
Marketing category
NDA
Marketing status
On market
FDA listing status
Listed (active directory)
Marketing start
2022-01-24
Route
ORAL
Dosage form
TABLET, FILM COATED
Substance
TORSEMIDE
Drug-database identifiers Medi-Span GPI and First Databank GCN / HICL / AHFS classification
GPI-14
37200080000335
GPI class
Soaanz
GCN Seq No
083153
GCN
52032
HICL code
008829
Ingredient (HICL)
Torsemide
HIC1 code
R
Therapeutic class — broad (HIC1)
Kidney/Urinary Tract
HIC2 code
R1
Therapeutic class — intermediate (HIC2)
Affect Primarily Kidneys/Urinary Tract
HIC3 code
R1M
Therapeutic class — specific (HIC3)
Loop Diuretics
AHFS code
24:36.08.00
AHFS class
Loop Diuretics (24:36)
FDB label name
SOAANZ 40 MG TABLET
FDB brand name
Soaanz
Legend status
F — Federal legend — prescription drug or device
Quick answers
- GSN (GCN sequence number): 083153
- GCN: 52032
- GPI-14 (Medi-Span): 37200080000335
- HICL (First Databank): 008829
- AHFS class code: 24:36.08.00
- RxCUI (RxNorm): 198371
Why two NDCs?
The FDA registers this code as 73502-586-10 — a 5-3-2 layout, and that's what's printed on the package and shown on DailyMed. For insurance claims, every NDC is standardized to a uniform 11-digit 5-4-2 format by adding a zero to the product segment → 73502-0586-10. Same drug, same package — only the format differs.
Where does this data come from?
Identifiers from the FDA openFDA NDC Directory and Structured Product Labeling; RxCUI from RxNorm (NLM); GPI from Medi-Span; GCN / HIC / AHFS / legend from First Databank.
- FDA openFDA NDC Directory · synced Oct 1, 2026
- FDA label on DailyMed · label index refreshed Oct 5, 2026
- RxNorm (NLM RxNav) · catalog refreshed Oct 1, 2026
- Medi-Span GPI (licensed)
- First Databank (licensed) · refreshed Oct 1, 2026
RxNorm drug class
This medicine belongs to the Loop Diuretic class.
Pharmacologic class
Loop Diuretic
Drug family (ATC)
Sulfonamides, plain
Where does this data come from?
Therapeutic classes from RxNorm RxClass (U.S. National Library of Medicine) — Established Pharmacologic Class (FDA), ATC drug family (WHO) and mechanism of action, matched by this product’s RxCUI.
- RxClass (NLM) · catalog refreshed Oct 1, 2026
Clinical
Label name SOAANZ 40 MG TABLET Ingredient Torsemide
📖 What it is MedlinePlus · NLM
Torsemide is used alone or in combination with other medications to treat high blood pressure. Torsemide is used to treat edema (fluid retention; excess fluid held in body tissues) caused by various medical problems, including heart, kidney, or liver disease. Torsemide is in a class of medications called diuretics ('water pills'). It works by causing the kidneys to get rid of unneeded water and salt from the body into the urine. High blood pressure is a common condition, and when not treated it can cause damage to the brain, heart, blood vessels, kidneys and other parts of the body. Damage to...
Read the full MedlinePlus article ↗📗 Our plain-language guide HelloPharmacist
- Yes, increased urination is the whole point — but it's doing so for a reason. Torsemide blocks your kidneys from reabsorbing sodium and water, so your body flushes out extra fluid....
- What exactly is torsemide doing for me — is it just making me urinate more?
- Most people take it in the morning, and that's the practical advice. Because it causes increased urination for several hours, taking it at night can disrupt your sleep. You can tak...
- When should I take torsemide — does it matter what time of day?
Patient education
Supplement & herbal interactions
Some supplements/herbs that may interact with Torsemide — tap one for details:
8
Nutrient depletion considerations
Torsemide may be associated with lower levels of 8 nutrients — worth a chat with your pharmacist, not a cause for alarm.
POTASSIUM
Major Depletion
VITAMIN C
Insignificant Depletion
CALCIUM
Moderate Depletion
MAGNESIUM
Moderate Depletion
THIAMINE
Moderate Depletion
+3 more
An association is not a deficiency. Educational only — don't start or stop anything without professional guidance.
Where does this data come from?
Plain-language summary from MedlinePlus (U.S. National Library of Medicine); supplement & herbal interactions and nutrient depletion data from the Natural Medicines database; our full guide is HelloPharmacist editorial content.
- MedlinePlus (NLM) · refreshed Oct 1, 2026
- FDA label on DailyMed · label index refreshed Oct 5, 2026
💬 Questions about Torsemide?
Ask a pharmacist →
Ask a licensed pharmacist directly — free, answered by our team.
Pricing
A drug doesn't have one price. Each row is a different public payment system, and none is what you'd pay at the counter — that depends on your insurance. The ⓘ on each row explains what it measures.
| Price system | Per each | Per package |
|---|---|---|
| Retail pharmacies payNADAC · weekly | Not in the retail survey — common for institutional, discontinued, or low-volume packs. | |
| Medicaid paysCMS SDUD · 12 mo | No recent Medicaid claims on file for this NDC — rare and low-volume NDCs are suppressed in the public data. | |
| Medicare drug plans payPart D · Q2 2026 | $9.77 | $293.24 / 30 tablets |
Where does this data come from?
NADAC (National Average Drug Acquisition Cost) is the CMS weekly pharmacy-acquisition-cost survey — what pharmacies pay. ASP (Average Sales Price) is the CMS Medicare Part B drug-payment file, published quarterly. Medicaid pays is computed by us from CMS State Drug Utilization Data (total reimbursed ÷ units, trailing 12 months) — gross of rebates and inclusive of dispensing fees, so it reflects what Medicaid paid, not an acquisition cost. Medicare drug plans pay is the median negotiated point-of-sale unit cost across plans listing this NDC in the CMS quarterly Prescription Drug Plan pricing files, before rebates. The VA pays is the federal contract price (FSS, and the statutory Big 4 ceiling where listed) from the VA National Acquisition Center pharmaceutical price file. All are free public government data; each measures a different payer, so the figures are not directly comparable.
- CMS NADAC weekly file
- CMS ASP pricing files · refreshed Sep 20, 2026
- CMS Medicaid State Drug Utilization Data · refreshed Oct 5, 2026
- CMS Part D plan pricing files · refreshed Sep 24, 2026
- VA National Acquisition Center price file
Packaging — all sizes for this product
| Package NDC | Description | Marketing start | Marketing end | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 73502-0586-10 You're viewing this Main listing | 30 TABLET, FILM COATED in 1 BOTTLE | 2022-01-24 | — | Active |
| 73502-0586-11 73502-586-11 | 90 TABLET, FILM COATED in 1 BOTTLE | 2022-01-24 | — | Active |
You're viewing the smallest of 2 pack sizes for this product.
Pack size FAQ
What quantity is in this package?
This is a 30-count package — 30 tablet, film coated in 1 bottle.
How does this package differ from NDC 73502-0586-11?
Both are SOAANZ Torsemide 40 mg Tablet, Film Coated — the drug itself is identical. This page's package is the 30-count one, while NDC 73502-0586-11 is the 90 tablets package.
What NDC number is used to bill for this package of SOAANZ Torsemide 40 mg Tablet, Film Coated?
Use the 11-digit billing form listed in the identifiers section of this page. Pharmacy and medical claims use the 11-digit form; the FDA label may print a shorter form of the same code.
Therapeutic equivalents
| Product | Labeler | Pack | NADAC/unit | TE | Status | Price vs. this |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Soaanz 40 mgthis 73502-0586-10 | Sarfez | 30 tablets | — | — | FDA listed | — |
About this product: this is the brand-name version. FDA-approved generic versions are listed, and recent pricing/market data suggests they may be available.
Where does this data come from?
Equivalents are other NDCs of the same ingredient, form and route from the openFDA NDC Directory, ranked least-expensive-first by NADAC. Therapeutic-equivalence (AB) ratings come from the FDA Orange Book; biologics use the FDA Purple Book for biosimilar & interchangeable status.
- FDA openFDA NDC Directory · synced Oct 1, 2026
- FDA Orange Book · refreshed Oct 3, 2026
- CMS NADAC weekly file
Availability & generic status
🏛️
2021
First FDA approval
Jun 2021
📍
2026
Currently FDA-listed
5 years listed
🛡️
2033
Latest patent/protection listed
not a guaranteed launch date
✅Generic appears available
FDA-approved generic versions are listed, and recent pricing/market data suggests they may be available — see Therapeutic equivalents.
🛡️ Latest patent/protection date listed: FDA patent/protection data lists protections through Oct 2033. This may affect when a full generic version becomes widely available, but it is not a guaranteed launch date.
Why the date isn’t exact: Generic timing can change because patents may be challenged, settled, licensed, added, removed, or worked around with a narrower label — and FDA approval does not always mean a pharmacy can get the generic today.
Patents & exclusivity — FDA Orange Book
US 10154963 — drug product
US 10154963 — drug product
2021
2023
2025
2027
2029
2031
2033
Substance patent
Formulation patent
Method-of-use patent
Exclusivity
Pediatric +6mo
🏛️FDA exclusivity
FDA-granted marketing protection. It’s separate from patents and may be shorter than patent protection.
🧪Product / substance patents
Patents covering the active ingredient, product, formulation, or related drug features.
🎯Method-of-use patents
Patents covering specific approved uses. These can sometimes be carved out with a “skinny label,” but not always.
🛈 What do these terms mean?
- Patent
- Legal protection listed in the Orange Book that may delay generic approval or launch. Issued by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office.
- Substance patent
- Covers the active drug molecule itself — the hardest to design around. A generic generally can’t launch until it expires.
- Formulation (product) patent
- Covers a specific formulation or dosage form. A generic can sometimes work around it with a different formulation.
- Method-of-use patent
- A patent covering one specific approved use of the drug — not necessarily the whole molecule. A generic can sometimes launch with a “skinny label” that carves out the protected use and keeps the others.
- Skinny label
- A generic label that omits a still-patented use when the FDA allows it — letting a generic reach the market for the unprotected uses.
- Exclusivity
- FDA-granted marketing protection, separate from patents — e.g. 5-yr new chemical entity, 7-yr orphan drug, or a +6-month pediatric extension.
- Paragraph IV
- A generic applicant’s formal challenge to a listed patent. It can potentially lead to earlier generic entry, but often involves litigation or a settlement.
- RLD / RS
- Reference Listed Drug — the brand product the FDA uses as the reference for generic applications. Reference Standard — the product the FDA expects generics to compare against in bioequivalence testing.
- TE / AB rating
- FDA therapeutic-equivalence rating. An AB rating generally means the FDA considers a generic therapeutically equivalent to — and substitutable for — the brand.
- LOE (loss of exclusivity)
- The latest patent or exclusivity currently listed — the loss-of-exclusivity / latest-listed-protection date shown on this page. Paragraph-IV challenges and settlements can move the real date earlier; FDA approval and a manufacturer’s decision to market can move it later.
Built from the FDA Orange Book. The bars above are scaled to each protection’s expiry; the red LOE marker is the last one to lapse.
Listed patents (2)
| Patent | Type | Use code | Expires |
|---|---|---|---|
| US 10154963 ↗ | Drug product | — | Oct 6, 2033 |
| US 10154963 ↗ | Drug product | — | Oct 6, 2033 |
Common questions
Is there a generic version of SOAANZ 40 MG TABLET?
Yes — an FDA-approved generic equivalent is listed in the FDA Orange Book for SOAANZ 40 MG TABLET. See the alternatives section for substitutable, lower-cost products.
The FDA approved a generic — why can’t I get it at my pharmacy yet?
FDA approval and pharmacy availability are two different things. The FDA can approve a generic years before it actually reaches pharmacies, because the brand company may still hold patents or have a settlement that delays the launch. A manufacturer also has to choose to make and sell it, and have supply ready. So a drug can be “FDA-approved generic exists” and still be brand-only at the counter today.
Why do different websites show different generic release dates?
Generic availability is not based on one single date. Some sources use the first exclusivity expiration, some use the last product patent, and others use the latest method-of-use patent. Patent challenges, settlements, licenses, and label carve-outs can also change the real-world launch date. This page shows the underlying Orange Book dates so you can see why estimates may differ.
What does “FDA listed” mean?
It means the product appears in the FDA’s official NDC directory. That’s a good sign a product exists and is intended for the U.S. market, but on its own it does not confirm a pharmacy can fill it today. Where we have recent retail pricing data (NADAC) for a product, we label it “Availability likely” instead.
What does a patent or protection date mean here?
It’s the latest date currently listed in the FDA Orange Book for a patent or exclusivity on the brand product. It can affect when a full generic version becomes widely available — but it is not a guaranteed generic launch date. Generics sometimes arrive earlier (through a settlement or patent challenge) or later (a manufacturer still has to make and sell one).
What does “current Orange Book estimate” mean?
It means we are using the latest patent and exclusivity dates currently listed in the FDA Orange Book. It is not a guaranteed launch date.
Can a generic come out before the last patent expires?
Sometimes. A generic company may challenge a patent, settle with the brand manufacturer, receive a license, or obtain approval with a narrower label that avoids a patented use. In other cases, the last listed protection may delay full-label generic competition.
Can a generic come out after the listed dates?
Yes. Even after patents or exclusivity expire, a generic still needs FDA approval and a manufacturer must choose to market it. Supply, litigation, business decisions, or regulatory issues can delay actual availability.
What is the difference between patents and exclusivity?
Patents are legal protections usually issued by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. FDA exclusivity is marketing protection granted by the FDA. They are separate, and either one can affect generic timing.
Why are there multiple patent dates?
One drug can have several patents covering different things: the active ingredient, a formulation, a manufacturing process, or a specific approved use. That is why a page may show several expiration dates instead of one simple generic date.
Built from FDA Orange Book patent and exclusivity data. Dates are refreshed from public FDA data when available; the marker is max(latest patent expiry, latest exclusivity expiry). Paragraph-IV settlements and first-filer 180-day exclusivity can shift the real date; a method-of-use patent may allow an earlier skinny-label generic for non-protected indications. Generic launch timing is an estimate, not a guarantee.
Where does this data come from?
Patents and exclusivity from the FDA Orange Book (small-molecule drugs), refreshed from public FDA data. Generic launch timing is an estimate, not a guarantee.
- FDA Orange Book · refreshed Oct 3, 2026
What it looks like
Color
yellow / orange / pink
ShapeRound
ImprintT40
Size1 mm
ScoringNot scored
One label can cover several strengths, so colors may be combined — always confirm a loose pill against the dispensed prescription label or a pharmacist.
Where does this data come from?
Physical description (imprint, shape, color, scoring, coating) from this product’s FDA Structured Product Labeling (SPL), mirrored from DailyMed / openFDA.
- FDA label on DailyMed · label index refreshed Oct 5, 2026
Inactive Ingredients / Excipients
Inactive ingredients, also called excipients, are components of the drug product other than the active ingredient. They may include fillers, dyes, coatings, preservatives, flavors, or other formulation ingredients.
🧪 Avoiding an ingredient? See Torsemide inactive ingredients by manufacturer: every current product's list side by side, so you can ask your pharmacy for the version that does not list it.
A current SPL was checked, but it does not contain a structured or narrative inactive-ingredient list for this product. This does not mean the product has no inactive ingredients.
Where does this data come from?
Source: official FDA Structured Product Labeling (SPL) via DailyMed and the openFDA label index. Structured
IACT rows and label-wide narrative are kept separate; availability and product-level specificity depend on the submitted label.- FDA label on DailyMed · label index refreshed Oct 5, 2026
- FDA openFDA NDC Directory · synced Oct 1, 2026
Inactive ingredient FAQ
Are inactive ingredients the same for every manufacturer?
No. Inactive ingredients can differ by manufacturer, dosage form, strength, and package / product version.
Why might an inactive ingredient be missing?
Some SPLs do not provide a complete structured inactive-ingredient list, and older or unusual labels may only include the information in narrative text.
Can inactive ingredients matter?
Yes. They can matter for allergies, intolerances, dyes, gluten / lactose concerns, preservatives, and formulation differences — but confirm with a pharmacist or the manufacturer when it’s clinically important.
Manufacturer & labeler
LabelerSarfez Pharmaceuticals Inc
Application holderSARFEZ PHARMACEUTICALS INC
FDA applicationNDA213218 (NDA)
Labeler code73502
First marketedJan 2022
Product typeHuman Prescription Drug
The labeler markets the product; the application holder owns the FDA approval. They’re often the same company but can differ (e.g. a repackager or an authorized generic). A mailing address / phone appears here when the manufacturer includes it in the product’s FDA label (not all do).
Where does this data come from?
Labeler, application holder and registered establishment from the FDA openFDA NDC Directory and Drugs@FDA; address/contact from the product’s FDA label.
- FDA openFDA NDC Directory · synced Oct 1, 2026
- Drugs@FDA
Full prescribing information FDA SPL
The complete FDA label for this product — the official prescribing information, verbatim, section by section. Jump with a chip, search within the label, or expand everything.
📄 Package Label / Principal Display Panel ▾
Sample Image 40 mg Sample Image of container Label for 40 mg. soanzxr-06.jpg 40 mg
Sample image 20 mg Sample image 20 mg soanzxr-02.jpg 20 mg
Sample Image 60 mg Sample image 60 mg soanzxr-04.jpg 60 mg
Sample Carton Image 40 mg 40 mg carton image soanzxr-10.jpg Carton Image 40 mg
No label section mentions that — try another word, or open the full label on DailyMed below.
Source: FDA Structured Product Labeling, mirrored from DailyMed / openFDA.
Prefer the government’s original formatting? View this label on DailyMed ↗
Medicare Part D spend CMS · PART D · 2026 (Q1)
Medicare Part D (outpatient prescription) spending for Soaanz — the program that covers self-administered drugs. 1 manufacturer.
⚠️ Drug-level data: CMS publishes Part D spending by drug, not by NDC — these figures combine every manufacturer, strength and package size sold under the name Soaanz. That’s a different level of aggregation than the Medicaid card above, which is specific to this exact 11-digit NDC (pack size included), so the two aren’t directly comparable.
Period
Total Part D spend
$1.66M
Claims incl. refills
3.6K
Beneficiaries
2.5K
Spend / beneficiary
$667.54
Spend / claim
$462.35
Trend by period
💵 About the dollar figures: spending is what Part D plans paid before confidential manufacturer rebates, so the program’s real net cost is lower. A blank patient count means fewer than 11 people — CMS hides counts that small to protect privacy. Source: CMS Medicare Quarterly Part D Spending by Drug (data.cms.gov), updated quarterly.
Reported adverse events (FAERS)
Read carefully: FAERS reports are voluntary and unverified. Counts are not incidence, do not establish causation, are subject to reporting bias, and cannot be used to compare one drug to another. Shown for signal context only. Reports for SOAANZ (this brand).
Top reported reactions
Age at onset
Reporter sex
Male · 46%
Female · 54%
Unknown · 0%
Serious outcomes
Reports over time (by year) — tap or hover for the count & year
Most recent year is provisional (FAERS lags ~3 months).
Where does this data come from?
Adverse-event reports from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) via openFDA. FAERS reports are voluntary and unverified — counts are not incidence and don’t establish causation.
About this NDC listing & data coverage
Finished prescription product
What data is (and isn’t) available for this NDC — tap to expand
| NDC identity (package / product / labeler codes) | ✓ Available |
| Labeler | ✓ Available |
| Product & package description | ✓ Available |
| Marketing category & status | ✓ Available |
| Active ingredient / dosage form / route | ✓ Available |
| FDA label (SPL via DailyMed) | ✓ Available |
| Package photos | ✓ Available |
| Inactive ingredients (structured) | — Not published for this NDC The labeler did not submit a structured excipient list, or no SPL is available. |
| NADAC pharmacy acquisition price (CMS) | — Not published for this NDC CMS publishes NADAC only for NDCs reported in its retail-pharmacy survey. |
| Orange Book / therapeutic-equivalence data | ✓ Available |
| HCPCS J-code billing crosswalk | — Not published for this NDC Most self-administered / retail products have no J-code — that is normal. |
| Medicaid utilization (CMS SDUD) | — Not published for this NDC CMS reports utilization only for NDCs with Medicaid claims above its privacy threshold. |
“Not published” reflects what the public FDA / CMS / NLM sources provide for this exact package code — it is a property of the data feeds, not a judgment about the product.
Questions about this listing
Why is there no price listed?
The pricing shown on our NDC pages comes from CMS NADAC, a voluntary survey of retail community pharmacy invoices. CMS does not publish a NADAC for every NDC — packages outside the retail survey (institutional and hospital products, bulk packages, discontinued items, and many OTC items) may never receive one. A missing price reflects the survey's scope, not this product's actual cost, and does not mean the product is free or unavailable.
Is the NDC printed on the package the same as the 11-digit billing NDC?
Yes, they identify this exact package in different formats. The form printed on the packaging and shown on DailyMed is the one the FDA registered. Insurance claims use a fixed 11-digit 5-4-2 format, so the short segment is padded with a leading zero and the dashes are dropped. The Identity section at the top of this page lists each form of this code.
Is this package still being marketed?
Yes, per the latest FDA NDC Directory data on this page: this package is listed as actively marketed, with no marketing end date reported by Sarfez Pharmaceuticals Inc. Listing status can change — the directory data on this page refreshes weekly.
Does this product come in other package sizes?
Yes — the FDA directory lists 1 other package presentation of this same product, including 90 tablets (73502-0586-11). Each has its own NDC and its own page — see the package list near the top of this page.
Who lists this product with the FDA?
Sarfez Pharmaceuticals Inc is the labeler of record for this NDC — the company under whose FDA-assigned code the package is listed. The labeler may be the manufacturer itself or a distributor marketing the product under its own code.
Do I need a prescription for this product?
This NDC is listed with FDA as a prescription product, so it is dispensed under a prescriber's order. Your pharmacist can tell you whether any over-the-counter forms of the same medication exist.
This page identifies an FDA-listed package (the NDC) and reports public regulatory and pricing data about the listing. It is reference information, not a medical recommendation — talk to your pharmacist or prescriber about your own medication.
Where does this data come from?
Listing facts (marketing category, packager status, marketing dates) from the FDA openFDA NDC Directory; label availability from DailyMed; pricing coverage from CMS NADAC; equivalence scope from the FDA Orange Book.
For educational and professional reference only — not medical advice. Pricing reflects published
NADAC and CMS ASP (free public data) and may differ from your acquisition cost; always verify before billing or dispensing.