Drug Interaction Report

Levetiracetam and Methotrexate: Interaction Details

AI-assisted, pharmacist-reviewed · Source data updated Aug 8, 2026 · Sources: FDA labeling, DDInter 2.0, cited literature

Methotrexate

Jylamvo Otrexup Rasuvo Reditrex Rheumatrex® Trexall Trexall® Xatmep
+

Levetiracetam

Elepsia Elepsia® XR Keppra Keppra® Keppra® XR Roweepra Spritam Spritam®
Dr. Brian Staiger, PharmD, BCPS
Medically reviewed by
Updated Aug 8, 2026
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Interaction severity
Major
Potentially serious — often needs a change or close monitoring.
How we grade severity & evidence

Severity levels

  • Contraindicated: These should generally not be used together.
  • Major: Potentially serious — often needs a change or close monitoring.
  • Moderate: Can be significant — usually manageable with monitoring.
  • Minor: Usually limited clinical impact.

Evidence grades

  • Established: Well documented — supported by controlled studies or strong clinical data.
  • Probable: Good supporting evidence, though not definitively proven.
  • Suspected: Some evidence suggests this interaction, but it is not well established.
  • Possible: Limited or conflicting evidence; the interaction may occur.
  • Theoretical: Predicted from the drugs' pharmacology; not yet confirmed in people.

Ratings come from the documented interaction literature and are reviewed by a pharmacist. They describe the documented risk of the combination, not what will necessarily happen to you — your dose, timing, and health picture all matter.

Of 19 documented Levetiracetam interactions, 15 are rated major — including this one.
Worried about symptoms right now? Contact your pharmacist or prescriber, or call Poison Control at 1-800-222-1222 (US). Call 911 for an emergency.
Onset
delayed
Evidence
probable
Severity
Major

What happens

Increased risk of methotrexate exposure and toxicity

Interaction Deep Dive

Concomitant use of methotrexate and levetiracetam may result in increased methotrexate exposure and toxicity, however current reports are conflicting. A patient coadministered both drugs developed increased time to methotrexate elimination from 90 hours to an average of 130 hours (range, 106 to 155 hours)1. In a retrospective review (N=81), there was no significant difference in the proportion of patients with delayed elimination of methotrexate at 24, 48, or 72 hours between patients that received concomitant levetiracetam and those that did not 2. If delayed methotrexate elimination occurs when coadministered levetiracetam, substitution of levetiracetam may be beneficial. When possible, consider temporarily switching from levetiracetam to another antiepileptic agent, especially in patients with a history of delayed methotrexate elimination with levetiracetam coadministration or in those at a greater risk for methotrexate toxicity 1.

Why it happens (mechanism)

Delay of methotrexate elimination

Literature reports

2 reports — tap to read

a) There was no significant difference in the proportion of patients with delayed elimination of methotrexate at 24, 48, or 72 hours between patients that received concomitant levetiracetam and those that did not, in a retrospective study of patients receiving methotrexate for an oncology diagnosis (N=81). Median methotrexate concentrations were significantly higher at 24 hours with those not receiving levetiracetam compared to those with concomitant levetiracetam (7.37 micromol/L vs 2.91 micromol/L); however, there were no significant differences in concentrations at 48 and 72 hours. Only baseline CrCl was found to be a predictor of delayed elimination. Patients received at least 1 dose of methotrexate 1000 mg/m(2) or greater IV over 3 to 4 hours or 800 mg/m(2) or greater IV over 22 to 24 hours with or without concomitant levetiracetam 500 to 1500 mg once or twice daily 2.

b) A patient treated with methotrexate (12 g/m(2)) for relapsed osteosarcoma developed increased time to methotrexate elimination from 90 hours to an average of 130 hours (range, 106 to 155 hours) when coadministered levetiracetam 2 g/day. Methotrexate elimination times decreased to 95 hours when lorazepam was substituted for levetiracetam 1.

Common questions

Can I take Levetiracetam and Methotrexate together?

Increased risk of methotrexate exposure and toxicity Always confirm with your pharmacist or prescriber before making any change.

How serious is the Levetiracetam and Methotrexate interaction?

It is rated major. Potentially serious — often needs a change or close monitoring.

How quickly could this interaction happen?

The documented onset is "delayed". Effects tend to build up gradually over days to weeks.

How strong is the evidence for this interaction?

The evidence is graded "probable". Good supporting evidence, though not definitively proven.

Questions for your pharmacist

  • Does my dose of Levetiracetam or Methotrexate need adjusting while I take them together?
  • What symptoms should prompt me to call you or my prescriber right away?
  • Does the timing of my doses matter for this combination?
  • Is there a safer alternative to one of these medications for me?

References (2)

  1. Bain E, Birhiray RE, & Reeves DJ: Drug-drug interaction between methotrexate and levetiracetam resulting in delayed methotrexate elimination. Ann Pharmacother 2014; 48(2):292-296. PubMed
  2. Reeves D, DiDominick S, Finn S, et al: Methotrexate elimination when coadministered with levetiracetam. Ann Pharmacother 2016; 50(12):1016-1022. DOI
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Beyond drug–drug

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This information is for education, not a substitute for professional medical advice. Do not start, stop, or change any medication without talking to your pharmacist or prescriber.