Drug & supplement interaction

Sulfur + Interferon Beta-1a

Interferon Beta-1a brand names: Rebif, Avonex.

No Known Interaction
Medically reviewed by · Updated July 2026 · Pair last verified Sep 20, 2026
The bottom line No known interaction

We found no known interaction between Sulfur and Interferon Beta-1a in our sources. Absence of a documented interaction is not the same as proven safety, and does not guarantee one does not exist. Do not start, stop, or change a medication or supplement based on this page; confirm with your pharmacist or doctor first.

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Interaction report

Sulfur and Interferon Beta-1a

We checked these two against our interaction database. Here is what we found.

No Known Interaction Found

We did not find a documented interaction between Interferon Beta-1a and Sulfur in our sources. This does not guarantee that the combination is completely free of risk — there is often limited research on supplements and herbal products, especially around drug interactions.

Worth understanding: our licensed dataset holds no drug-interaction record for Sulfur at all — not against Interferon Beta-1a, and not against any other medication we track. This verdict therefore rests on the absence of any recorded data, not on research that looked at this combination and found nothing. We cannot rule an interaction out.

If you decide to take both, the practical routine is simple: add one new thing at a time and note the date you started it. If the combination is going to disagree with you, it usually shows in the first days to a couple of weeks — and a start date turns “I’ve been feeling off” into something a pharmacist can actually work with. Do not stop a prescribed medicine on your own.

Always talk with your pharmacist or doctor before making changes to your medications or supplements, particularly if you take several medications or have an ongoing health condition.

Sulfur safety at a glance

Sulfur overall Use caution Topical sulfur is generally well tolerated, but it can irritate skin and oral forms are less studied.
Pregnancy Possibly Safe When applied topically and appropriately, short-term. Topical products containing sulfur in concentrations up to 6% have been safely applied nightly for up to 6... Read the full pregnancy detail
Breastfeeding Possibly Safe When applied topically and appropriately, short-term. Topical products containing sulfur in concentrations up to 6% have been safely applied nightly for up to 6... Read the full breastfeeding detail

Pregnancy & breastfeeding ratings are from Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — the full detail is in the Special populations card below. Safety guidance is general; always confirm with your pharmacist or doctor for your situation.

Still wondering about combining Interferon Beta-1a and Sulfur? Ask Dr. Brian Staiger, PharmD, BCPS directly ›
What to actually watch for

What Sulfur Itself Has Been Linked To

This is not an interaction — nothing below involves Interferon Beta-1a. It is the side-effect record for Sulfur on its own, from the licensed Natural Medicines monograph. If something new turns up after you add Sulfur, this list is the first place to look. One entry is worth acting on rather than waiting out — marked below.

  • Kidney problems Worth acting on Additional detail

    “There is one case report of metabolic acidosis occurring in a 57-year-old woman who had consumed approximately 250 grams of flowers of sulfur, a form of sulfur prepared by sublimation, over a 6-day period. Underlying conditions, including diabetes and renal failure, may have contributed to the acidosis.”

    Sulfur · Natural Medicines adverse-effect record, reported in diabetes.

    1 source cited
    1. 27845. Blum, J. E. and Coe, F. L. Metabolic acidosis after sulfur ingestion. N Engl J Med 1977;297(16):869-70. PubMed
  • Dry skin Additional detail

    “Topically, sulfur is generally well tolerated when used in concentrations of up to 10%. Adverse effects include skin dryness, irritation, and pruritus. Orally, sulfur has been reported to cause diarrhea and metabolic acidosis.”

    Sulfur · Natural Medicines adverse-effect record, reported in diarrhea.

    6 sources cited
    1. 27846. Roos, T. C., Alam, M., Roos, S., Merk, H. F., and Bickers, D. R. Pharmacotherapy of ectoparasitic infections. Drugs 2001;61(8):1067-88. PubMed
    2. 88112. Pelle, M. T., Crawford, G. H., and James, W. D. Rosacea: II. Therapy. J Am Acad Dermatol 2004;51:499-512.
    3. 88120. Gupta, A. K. and Nicol, K. The use of sulfur in dermatology. J Drugs Dermatol 2004;3(4):427-31.
    4. 88121. Akhavan, A. and Bershad, S. Topical acne drugs: review of clinical properties, systemic exposure, and safety. Am J Clin Dermatol 2003;4(7):473-92.
    5. 88126. Lin, A. N., Reimer, R. J., and Carter, D. M. Sulfur revisited. J Am Acad Dermatol 1988;18(3):553-8.
    6. 27845. Blum, J. E. and Coe, F. L. Metabolic acidosis after sulfur ingestion. N Engl J Med 1977;297(16):869-70. PubMed
  • Itching Additional detail

    “Topically, application of sulfur preparations can cause dryness, leading to local irritation and pruritus in up to 28% of patients.”

    Sulfur · Natural Medicines adverse-effect record, reported in pruritus.

    5 sources cited
    1. 27846. Roos, T. C., Alam, M., Roos, S., Merk, H. F., and Bickers, D. R. Pharmacotherapy of ectoparasitic infections. Drugs 2001;61(8):1067-88. PubMed
    2. 88112. Pelle, M. T., Crawford, G. H., and James, W. D. Rosacea: II. Therapy. J Am Acad Dermatol 2004;51:499-512.
    3. 88120. Gupta, A. K. and Nicol, K. The use of sulfur in dermatology. J Drugs Dermatol 2004;3(4):427-31.
    4. 88121. Akhavan, A. and Bershad, S. Topical acne drugs: review of clinical properties, systemic exposure, and safety. Am J Clin Dermatol 2003;4(7):473-92.
    5. 88126. Lin, A. N., Reimer, R. J., and Carter, D. M. Sulfur revisited. J Am Acad Dermatol 1988;18(3):553-8.
  • Diarrhea Additional detail

    “Orally, sulfur is converted to sulfide in the gastrointestinal tract, causing intestinal irritation which can lead to diarrhea.”

    Sulfur · Natural Medicines adverse-effect record, reported in diarrhea.

    1 source cited
    1. 27845. Blum, J. E. and Coe, F. L. Metabolic acidosis after sulfur ingestion. N Engl J Med 1977;297(16):869-70. PubMed

Everything above comes from the Natural Medicines adverse-effect record for Sulfur — expand a row for the licensed statement it rests on. We haven’t matched Interferon Beta-1a to its FDA label in our system yet, so we can’t compare its own side-effect list here — the leaflet that comes with your prescription is the authoritative list for Interferon Beta-1a.

Special populations

Sulfur in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding

Pregnancy And Lactation Possibly Safe

When applied topically and appropriately, short-term. Topical products containing sulfur in concentrations up to 6% have been safely applied nightly for up to 6 nights. There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of sulfur when used orally; avoid using.

DISCLAIMER: This tool is intended for informational purposes only, and should not be interpreted as specific medical advice. Patients should consult with a qualified healthcare provider before making decisions about therapies and/or health conditions.© 2026 Therapeutic Research Center

Everything else you take

See Every Supplement That Interacts With Interferon Beta-1a

This page covers Sulfur only. If you take other supplements — a multivitamin, a sleep aid, something for joints — the Interferon Beta-1a page lists 57 supplements it has a documented interaction with, worst first, each one explained.

The most serious there right now: Beer (major), Siberian Cocklebur (major), Wine (major), Alfalfa (moderate) and Angelica Archangelica (moderate).

By severity: 3 major · 53 moderate · 1 minor.

From our pharmacist’s overview on the Interferon Beta-1a page

“Siberian cocklebur, an herb tied to documented cases of liver failure, is the first name to know for anyone injecting interferon beta-1a (Rebif, Avonex) for multiple sclerosis. Interferon beta-1a can strain the liver on its own, which is why prescribers order routine liver blood tests, and 38 of the 57 supplements on file carry that sa…”

Reviewed by 2 · Jul 18, 2026

Open the Interferon Beta-1a interaction page

One more smart check

Taking Sulfur as Part of a Dietary Supplement Product? Check It for Interactions

We hold 492 real supplement products containing Sulfur, each one broken down to its full ingredient list — and combination products often carry several ingredients besides Sulfur. Even though Sulfur itself has no known interaction with Interferon Beta-1a, another ingredient on your label might. Find your product and we’ll check every ingredient on its label:

How much people look this up

Where Sulfur and Interferon Beta-1a Sit Against Everything Else

Out of every supplement and medication people look up on HelloPharmacist, here is where these two land this week — and which way each has been moving.

Supplement Sulfur
Top 25%

#363 of 1,452 supplements looked up here in the last 7 days

29 days ago today
Medication Interferon Beta-1a
Steady interest

#2,614 of 2,830 medications looked up here in the last 7 days

29 days ago today

Position among everything looked up on this site, not a measure of how commonly either one is used or how important it is. A supplement can climb this list because of a news story. It counts every request to the page, automated ones included, and nothing here identifies anyone.

Where does our data come from?
  • Source: the Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) clinical database — the evidence-graded professional reference for herb & supplement interactions.
  • Citation library: 103,510 references behind our interaction content, 65,311 of them resolved to verified PubMed/DOI sources. See every Sulfur reference on this page ↓
  • Freshness: we automatically re-check this combination every week — this pair was last verified September 20, 2026. The Sulfur and Interferon Beta-1a records this page draws on were last updated July 10, 2026.
  • What “no known interaction” means: no documented interaction in the sources above — not a guarantee of safety. Supplements are studied far less than prescription drugs, so we say exactly what the evidence supports, and nothing more.
Data structure & sourcing designed and verified by .
Supplement

About Sulfur

What is Sulfur?

  • Acne and oily skin
  • Rosacea
  • Seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff
  • Scabies and other skin parasites
  • Joint pain (as MSM)

Sulfur is a mineral used mainly in topical skin products for acne, rosacea, dandruff, and certain skin infections, and has a long history in dermatology. Topical sulfur is generally well tolerated but can be drying and smelly; oral sulfur supplements like MSM are taken for joint pain, though the evidence is limited. Talk with your pharmacist or doctor before starting any sulfur product.

Elemental sulfur (mineral) or sulfur-containing compounds · Topical creams, ointments, lotions, soaps, and bath products; oral MSM (methylsulfonylmethane) capsules and powders

An interaction check asks whether these two react with each other — it does not ask whether Sulfur is a good idea for someone in your situation. Here is what our Sulfur record says about it on its own.

Sulfur: dosing

There is no single standardized dose for sulfur, and the right amount depends on the product and how it is used. Topical products contain different concentrations of sulfur, so always follow the directions on the label.For oral supplements like MSM, there is no firmly established dose.

From our Sulfur monograph — the full record covers uses, side effects and every documented interaction.

Read the full Sulfur monograph & all interactions
Medication

About Interferon Beta-1a Intramuscular Injection

What Is Interferon Beta-1a Intramuscular Injection Used For?

Brand names: Rebif, Avonex

  • Interferon beta-1a intramuscular injection is used to treat adults with various forms of multiple sclerosis (MS; a disease in which the nerves do not function properly and people may experience weakness, numbness, loss of muscle coordination, and problems with vision, speech, and bladder control) including:

    • clinically isolated syndrome (CIS; nerve symptom episodes that last at least 24 hours),

    • relapsing-remitting forms (course of disease where symptoms flare up from time to time), or

    • secondary progressive forms (course of disease where relapses occur more often).

  • Interferon beta-1a is in a class of medications called immunomodulators. It works by decreasing inflammation and preventing nerve damage that may cause symptoms of multiple sclerosis.

Most-Reported Side Effects for Interferon Beta-1a

From FAERS, the FDA’s public side-effect reporting system (192,069 reports, all brands). Reports are voluntary and are not proof the drug caused the effect.

Multiple sclerosis relapse 15,851 reports
Influenza like illness 13,253 reports
Fatigue 11,554 reports
Fall 10,604 reports
Multiple sclerosis 9,358 reports
See full Interferon Beta-1a Intramuscular Injection drug information
Keep checking

Other Drugs & Sulfur

Browse every other medication we’ve checked against Sulfur — both the ones with a known interaction and the ones without. Select any drug for the full detail.

0Major
0Moderate
0Minor
2,829No known interaction
2,829 No interaction
No interaction 2,829 drugs checked — show the list

We also checked Sulfur against these medications and found no known interaction in our sources. Open any page to confirm.

Showing the 60 most looked-up of 2,829 medications checked with no known interaction — see the full Sulfur list.

See the full Sulfur interactions page
See every supplement checked against Interferon Beta-1a, ranked by severity
Evidence & sources

Sulfur References

The 17 references that drive our Sulfur monograph and interaction data, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Citations with a link open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

  1. Blum, J. E. and Coe, F. L. Metabolic acidosis after sulfur ingestion. N Engl J Med 1977;297(16):869-70. PubMed
  2. Roos, T. C., Alam, M., Roos, S., Merk, H. F., and Bickers, D. R. Pharmacotherapy of ectoparasitic infections. Drugs 2001;61(8):1067-88. PubMed
  3. Diaz, M., Cazorla, D., and Acosta, M. [Efficacy, safety and acceptability of precipitated sulphur petrolatum for topical treatment of scabies at the city of Coro, Falcon State, Venezuela]. Rev Invest Clin 2004;56(5):615-22.
  4. Schmiedel, V. and Klein, P. A complex homeopathic preparation for the symptomatic treatment of upper respiratory infections associated with the common cold: An observational study. Explore (NY) 2006;2(2):109-14. PubMed
  5. Weiser, M., Gegenheimer, L. H., and Klein, P. A randomized equivalence trial comparing the efficacy and safety of Luffa comp.-Heel nasal spray with cromolyn sodium spray in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis. Forsch Komplementarmed 1999;6(3):142- PubMed
  6. FDA OTC ingredients list, April 2010. Available at: www.fda.gov/downloads/AboutFDA/CentersOffices/CDER/UCM135691.pdf (accessed 2/7/15).
  7. Leyden, J. J., McGinley, K. J., Mills, O. H., Kyriakopoulos, A. A., and Kligman, A. M. Effects of sulfur and salicylic acid in a shampoo base in the treatment of dandruff: a double-blind study using corneocyte counts and clinical grading. Cutis 1987;39(6)
  8. Trumbore, M. W., Goldstein, J. A., and Gurge, R. M. Treatment of papulopustular rosacea with sodium sulfacetamide 10%/sulfur 5% emollient foam. J Drugs Dermatol 2009;8(3):299-304.
  9. Pelle, M. T., Crawford, G. H., and James, W. D. Rosacea: II. Therapy. J Am Acad Dermatol 2004;51:499-512.
  10. Blom I, Hornmark AM. Topical treatment with sulfur 10 per cent for rosacea. Acta Derm Venereol 1984;64:358-9. DOI
  11. Gupta, A. K. and Nicol, K. The use of sulfur in dermatology. J Drugs Dermatol 2004;3(4):427-31.
  12. Akhavan, A. and Bershad, S. Topical acne drugs: review of clinical properties, systemic exposure, and safety. Am J Clin Dermatol 2003;4(7):473-92.
  13. Wilkinson RD, Adam JE, Murray JJ, Craig GE. Benzoyl peroxide and sulfur: foundation for acne management. Can Med Assoc J 1966;95(1):28-9.
  14. Food and Drug Administration. Classification of benzoyl peroxide as safe and effective and revision of labeling to drug facts format; topical acne drug products for over-the-counter human use; final rule. Federal Register 2010;75(42):9767-77.
  15. Lin, A. N., Reimer, R. J., and Carter, D. M. Sulfur revisited. J Am Acad Dermatol 1988;18(3):553-8.

Medication overviews come from MedlinePlus (NIH); supplement label data from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists — see our data sources and editorial standards.

Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Taking Sulfur and Interferon Beta-1a Together: Common Questions

Is it safe to take Sulfur with Interferon Beta-1a?
We do not list a known interaction between Sulfur and Interferon Beta-1a. That does not guarantee the combination is risk-free, so confirm with your pharmacist or doctor — especially if you take other medications or have a health condition.
Does Interferon Beta-1a interact with any supplements?
Yes. Interferon Beta-1a has documented interactions with 57 supplements in our database — Sulfur is not one of them. The Interferon Beta-1a interaction page linked on this page lists every one, ranked by severity.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Where next

Keep Exploring

Sulfur monograph Uses, safety profile, and every drug interaction in one place Interferon Beta-1a Intramuscular Injection drug information The full plain-English guide to this medication Interferon Beta-1a supplement interactions Every supplement checked against Interferon Beta-1a, ranked by severity Supplement interaction checker Check any supplement or product against your medications Browse medications A–Z Every drug we’ve checked against herbs & supplements References The 17 citations behind this page Ask a pharmacist Free, personal answer from our licensed team

Still Have a Question About Interferon Beta-1a and Sulfur?

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This information is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always check with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or combining supplements and medications.