Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 3 of 5 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

100% Pure Coconut MCT Oil Odorless & Unflavored Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Natural Force

100% Pure Coconut MCT Oil Odorless & Unflavored label
See full label image
Liquid Category: Fat/fatty Acid
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking 100% Pure Coconut MCT Oil Odorless & Unflavored against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

100% Pure Coconut MCT Oil Odorless & Unflavored is a dietary supplement by Natural Force with 5 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for replacing fluids and electrolytes, preventing dehydration during exercise or illness, treating low blood sodium (under medical care).Based on those ingredients, 295 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Caprylic Acid, Sodium. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against 100% Pure Coconut MCT Oil Odorless & Unflavored by Natural Force

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with 100% Pure Coconut MCT Oil Odorless & Unflavored by Natural Force — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of 100% Pure Coconut MCT Oil Odorless & Unflavored by Natural Force

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Partial disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Partial

Most active ingredients list an amount, but at least one is hidden in a blend or missing.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 3 of its 4 active ingredients.
  • “Medium Chain Triglycerides” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label doesn't break down how much of each component you get.

This product contains 4 active ingredients. Sodium is an electrolyte your body needs in small amounts; this oil delivers it in the form that naturally occurs.

The other three — medium chain triglycerides (MCTs), caprylic acid, capric acid, and lauric acid — are fatty acids derived from coconut that your body can use for energy. MCT oil is the inactive carrier here.

Does it work?

Not established
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Not established

The graded evidence we hold for these ingredients covers different conditions than the ones this product is marketed for, so there's no established rating for its stated use.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: energy for mind and body.
  • We looked for evidence on: Epilepsy, cognitive function, mental clarity, sustained energy.
  • The closest evidence on file: Caprylic Acid is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Epilepsy (Natural Medicines).

The evidence for what this product does isn't established in our data. Sodium has sufficient evidence for cystic fibrosis treatment and possibly helps protect kidneys during amphotericin B therapy, but those are medical uses, not what you'd take a supplement for.

Caprylic acid, capric acid, and lauric acid all have insufficient evidence for the conditions studied — epilepsy, essential tremor, bronchitis, vaginal candidiasis, cold, and herpes — meaning we don't have reliable data to say whether they work.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Sodium Caprylic Acid Lauric Acid

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 3 of the 3 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 3 of 3.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 3 of 3.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Sodium is well tolerated at normal dietary amounts, but too much is linked to high blood pressure, heart strain, and kidney problems. The product facts caution against sodium supplements or very high intake without medical advice.

Caprylic acid seems well tolerated short-term and causes mostly mild stomach discomfort or taste changes in some people; it's in food but supplement safety isn't well studied. Lauric acid is likely safe in pregnancy.

Caprylic acid data on pregnancy and lactation is incomplete — the facts don't provide enough information to say either way. Capric acid safety data isn't on file.

High amounts of lauric acid, a saturated fat, may raise cholesterol.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Sodium Caprylic Acid Lauric Acid

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 2 of the 3 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Caprylic Acid, Sodium.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; lithium.
  • For scale: 295 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Check with your pharmacist if you take blood pressure medications (antihypertensive drugs), lithium, corticosteroids, didanosine, sodium phosphate, tolvaptan, NSAIDs like ibuprofen, warfarin, or any other sodium-containing medications. These are the drug types with Moderate-severity interactions from sodium and caprylic acid in this oil.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glancePartially disclosed formula with no established evidence rating for its marketed use. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

If you take blood pressure medicine, lithium, blood thinners, NSAIDs, or any medication containing sodium, you'll want to check with your pharmacist before using this oil — the sodium and caprylic acid content matters for your treatment. For everyone else, the main caution is not to use this as a supplement to treat any health condition, since we don't have solid evidence it works that way.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 3 of 4 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated May 24, 2018.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about 100% Pure Coconut MCT Oil Odorless & Unflavored, straight from the product label.

Brand Natural Force
Barcode (UPC) 815044020224
Net contents 16 fl. Oz.; 473 mL
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD May 24, 2018
DSLD ID 177280
Product type Fat/fatty Acid
Supplement form Liquid
Dietary claims / uses Nutrient, All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Vegan, Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Kosher, Gluten Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for 100% Pure Coconut MCT Oil Odorless & Unflavored by Natural Force, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Tbsp
Maximum serving Sizes:
3 Tbsp
Servings per container
32
UPC/BARCODE
815044020224
IngredientAmount% DV
Calories130 Calorie(s)--
Total Carbohydrates0 Gram(s)--
Calories from Fat130 Calorie(s)--
Saturated Fat14 Gram(s)70%
Sodium0 Gram(s)--
Cholesterol0 Gram(s)--
Total Fat14 Gram(s)22%
Protein0 Gram(s)--
Medium Chain Triglycerides0 NP--
Caprylic Acid5200 mg--
Capric Acid3400 mg--
Lauric Acid3800 mg--

Other ingredients: MCT Oil

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements

Responsibly sourced from the Philippines and Sri Lanka

Natural Force 100% Coconut MCT Oil is a pure source of fats that may be used as energy for both your mind and body.

There is some evidence that MCT oil may be easily converted into ketones to be used as energy rather than stored as fat.

Lauric Acid, a powerful fat that is also found in mother’s milk, is a rare Medium Chain Triglyceride that may help increase metabolism and could help support your immune system.

Whether you need a burst of energy, or want to help keep your body lean and your brain operating at the most optimal level, our convenient MCT oil is great for adding to shakes, coffee and other beverages!

Vitality series

Quick energy Brain fuel Immune support Boost ketosis

Product of the Philippines and Sri Lanka

Formula

Raising the bar in quality and purity, our MCT oil is sourced entirely from coconuts and is project non-gmo verified.

Many MCT oils lose their pizazz by the time they make it to you, but ours is produced using a special method, which allows it to maintain a high level of lauric acid content.

Featuring 30% Lauric Acid content from pure coconuts

Allergen Warning: Contains Tree Nuts (Coconut)

Certified Paleo by The Paleo Foundation, Inc.

Certified Keto by the Paleo Foundation

Certified Kosher by Orthodox Union

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggestions: Add to coffee Add to shake Use for cooking Directions: Mix 1-3 tablespoons into your favorite shake, coffee, or beverage as needed for energy and daily health optimization. Our coconut MCT oil can be taken by itself, but is also ideal for cooking, sautéing, baking, salad dressings, sauces, and dips!

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

General

MCT-OIL-16

Seals/Symbols

Non GMO Project Verified nongmoproject.org

OU

P Certified Paleo

Certified Vegan Vegan.org

This product is Keto Certified Ketostandard.com

GF Gluten-free

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Formulation

GF Gluten-free

No Palm Oil

Stimulant free

Project Non-GMO Verified by NSF

Certified Vegan by Vegan Action

Precautions

Allergen Warning: Contains Tree Nuts (Coconut)

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

100% Pure Coconut MCT Oil Odorless & Unflavored by Natural Force label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

100% Pure Coconut MCT Oil Odorless & Unflavored label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in 100% Pure Coconut MCT Oil Odorless & Unflavored by Natural Force

These are the 5 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Tbsp Dosage formLiquid Servings per container32 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Sodium

Interacts with
205 drugs
0 Gram(s) per serving

Sodium is an essential mineral and electrolyte your body needs to balance fluids, support nerves, and help muscles work. Most people in modern diets g...

Sodium monograph & interactions

Protein

0 Gram(s) per serving

Medium Chain Triglycerides

0 NP per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: MCT Oil. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

100% Pure Coconut MCT Oil Odorless & Unflavored by Natural Force Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against 100% Pure Coconut MCT Oil Odorless & Unflavored?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
295Drugs
295 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Caprylic Acid 262
Sodium 205

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in 100% Pure Coconut MCT Oil Odorless & Unflavored interact with 295 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

2 of the 5 ingredients in 100% Pure Coconut MCT Oil Odorless & Unflavored interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Caprylic Acid Sodium

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in 100% Pure Coconut MCT Oil Odorless & Unflavored with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Caprylic Acid3 drug types · 262 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, caprylic acid might increase the risk of hypotension when used with antihypertensive drugs.
Animal research suggests that caprylic acid might have positive inotropic effects, resulting in reduced arterial pressure and vascular resistance and increased cardiac output.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (Nsaids)

Theoretically, caprylic acid might increase plasma concentrations of NSAIDs.
In vitro research suggests that caprylic acid might displace NSAIDs from binding sites on albumin. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, caprylic acid might increase plasma concentrations of warfarin.
In vitro research suggests that high doses of caprylic acid might displace warfarin from albumin binding sites. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Caprylic Acid full monograph & interactions

Sodium7 drug types · 205 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, a high intake of dietary sodium might reduce the effectiveness of antihypertensive drugs.
High intake of dietary sodium can increase systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Also, high intake of sodium may necessitate increased use of antihypertensive medications to achieve blood pressure control in some patients, such as those with chronic kidney disease.

Likelihood Probable Evidence A
Corticosteroids

Concomitant use of mineralocorticoids and some glucocorticoids with sodium supplements might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Mineralocorticoids and some glucocorticoids (corticosteroids) cause sodium retention. This effect is dose-related and depends on mineralocorticoid potency. It is most common with hydrocortisone, cortisone, and fludrocortisone, followed by prednisone and prednisolone.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Didanosine (Videx)

Concomitant use of didanosine with additional sodium from dietary or supplemental sources may increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Didanosine formulations contain a significant amount of sodium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Lithium

Altering dietary intake of sodium might alter the levels and clinical effects of lithium.
High sodium intake can reduce plasma concentrations of lithium by increasing lithium excretion. Reducing sodium intake can significantly increase plasma concentrations of lithium and cause lithium toxicity in patients being treated with lithium carbonate. Stabilizing sodium intake is shown to reduce the percentage of patients with lithium level fluctuations above 0.8 mEq/L. Patients taking lithium should avoid significant alterations in their dietary intake of sodium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Sodium Phosphates

Theoretically, concomitant use of sodium phosphate with sodium supplements might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Use of high doses (> 45 mL in 24 hours) of sodium phosphate, such as those used for bowel cleansing before surgery, can lead to serious electrolyte disturbances, including hypernatremia. The risk of hypernatremia is highest in the elderly and people with other risk factors for electrolyte disturbances.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Sodium-Containing Drugs

Concomitant use of sodium-containing drugs with additional sodium from dietary or supplemental sources may increase the risk of hypernatremia and long-term sodium-related complications.
The Chronic Disease Risk Reduction (CDRR) intake level of 2.3 grams of sodium daily indicates the intake at which it is believed that chronic disease risk increases for the apparently healthy population. Some medications contain high quantities of sodium. When used in conjunction with sodium supplements or high-sodium diets, the CDRR may be exceeded. Additionally, concomitant use may increase the risk for hypernatremia; this risk is highest in the elderly and people with other risk factors for electrolyte disturbances.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Tolvaptan (Samsca)

Theoretically, concomitant use of tolvaptan with sodium might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Tolvaptan is a vasopressin receptor 2 antagonist that is used to increase sodium levels in patients with hyponatremia. Patients taking tolvaptan should use caution with the use of sodium salts such as sodium chloride.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Sodium full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for 100% Pure Coconut MCT Oil Odorless & Unflavored, from the product label.

Natural Force

See all Natural Force products
Name
Natural Force Nutrition, Inc
City
Jacksonville
State
FL
ZipCode
32245
Phone Number
1 (844) 927-3733
Web Address
NaturalForce.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

100% Pure Coconut MCT Oil Odorless & Unflavored by Natural Force: Common Questions

Does 100% Pure Coconut MCT Oil Odorless & Unflavored by Natural Force interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, 100% Pure Coconut MCT Oil Odorless & Unflavored has a known interaction with 295 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
100% Pure Coconut MCT Oil Odorless & Unflavored contains 5 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I use this if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
Sodium is likely safe in pregnancy and lactation. Lauric acid is likely safe in pregnancy. For caprylic acid, there isn't enough data on file to say either way — talk with your doctor or pharmacist about whether this product is right for you. Capric acid safety data during pregnancy and nursing isn't available to us.
Will this raise my cholesterol?
Lauric acid, one of the fatty acids in this oil, is a saturated fat that may raise total cholesterol and LDL (the 'bad' kind) — though it also raises HDL (the 'good' kind). It doesn't appear to affect triglycerides.
What are the most common side effects?
Caprylic acid may cause mild stomach discomfort or change how food tastes. Lauric acid infused directly into the small intestine can cause nausea, though the rate with oral supplements isn't known. Most people tolerate the product well.
Is this good for epilepsy or tremors?
The evidence we have for caprylic acid and capric acid in those conditions is insufficient — we can't say whether this product helps or doesn't.
How much sodium is in this product?
The product facts don't specify the sodium amount per serving. If you're limiting sodium because of blood pressure, heart, or kidney issues, ask your pharmacist how much is in each dose.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if 100% Pure Coconut MCT Oil Odorless & Unflavored is safe with your meds?

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Ask a pharmacist

Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

100% Pure Coconut MCT Oil Odorless & Unflavored label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind 100% Pure Coconut MCT Oil Odorless & Unflavored’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Sodium

Interacts with 205 drugs

Sodium is an essential mineral and electrolyte your body needs to balance fluids, support nerves, and help muscles work. Most people in modern diets get more than enough—often too much—from...

Read the full Sodium monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Caprylic Acid

Interacts with 262 drugs

Caprylic acid is a medium-chain fatty acid found in coconut oil and palm kernel oil that is popularly used for yeast overgrowth and gut health. While laboratory studies show it has antimicro...

Read the full Caprylic Acid monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Lauric Acid

Lauric acid is a medium-to-long-chain saturated fatty acid found in coconut oil, palm kernel oil, and breast milk. It is studied for possible antimicrobial and skin benefits, but solid human...

Read the full Lauric Acid monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

100% Pure Coconut MCT Oil Odorless & Unflavored's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 51 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Sodium 38 references
  1. Garabedian-Ruffalo SM, Ruffalo RL. Drug and nutrient interactions. Am Fam Physician 1986;33:165-74.
  2. Food and Drug Administration Science Background: Safety of Sodium Phosphates Oral Solution. September 17, 2001. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/safety/sodiumphospate.htm
  3. Coton T, Mallaret C, Coilliot C, Carre D, Guisset M. Severe acute ulcerated gastritis induced by salt. Presse Med 2009;38(3):499-500. PubMed
  4. Frings-Meuthen P, Buehlmeier J, Baecker N, et al. High sodium chloride intake exacerbates immobilization-induced bone resorption and protein losses. J Appl Physiol 2011;111(2):537-542. PubMed
  5. Frings-Meuthen P, Baecker N, Heer M. Low-grade metabolic acidosis may be the cause of sodium chloride-induced exaggerated bone resorption. J Bone Miner Res 2008;23(4):517-524. PubMed
  6. Alam S, Johnson AG. A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCT) among healthy normotensive and essential hypertensive elderly patients to determine the effect of high salt (NaCl) diet of blood pressure. J Hum Hypertens 1999;13(6):367-74.
  7. Boudville N, Ward S, Benaroia M, House AA. Increased sodium intake correlates with greater use of antihypertensive agents by subjects with chronic kidney disease. Am J Hypertens 2005;18(10):1300-5. PubMed
  8. Bennett WM. Drug interactions and consequences of sodium restriction. Am J Clin Nutr 1997;65(2 Suppl):678S-681S. PubMed
  9. Okusa MD, Crystal LJ. Clinical manifestations and management of acute lithium intoxication. Am J Med 1994;97(4):383-9. PubMed
  10. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary reference intakes for water, potassium, sodium, chloride, and sulfate. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2005. Available at: http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10925. DOI
  11. D'Elia L, Rossi G, Ippolito R, Cappuccio FP, Strazzullo P. Habitual salt intake and risk of gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Clin Nutr 2012;31(4):489-98. PubMed
  12. Goldsmith SR. Hyponatremia in heart failure: time for a trial. J Card Fail 2013;19(6):398-400. PubMed
  13. Willocks L, Brettle R, Keen J, Valentine C, Pinching AJ. Formulations of didanosine (ddI) and salt overload. Lancet 1992;339(8786):190.
  14. Chen L, Zhang Z, Chen W, Whelton PK, Appel LJ. Lower Sodium Intake and Risk of Headaches: Results From the Trial of Nonpharmacologic Interventions in the Elderly. Am J Public Health. 2016;106(7):1270-5. PubMed
  15. Cook NR, Appel LJ, Whelton PK. Lower levels of sodium intake and reduced cardiovascular risk. Circulation. 2014;129(9):981-9. PubMed
  16. Cook NR, Appel LJ, Whelton PK. Sodium Intake and All-Cause Mortality Over 20 Years in the Trials of Hypertension Prevention. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;68(15):1609-1617. PubMed
  17. Mente A, O'Donnell M, Rangarajan S, et al. Associations of urinary sodium excretion with cardiovascular events in individuals with and without hypertension: a pooled analysis of data from four studies. Lancet. 2016;388(10043):465-75. PubMed
  18. Moosavian SP, Haghighatdoost F, Surkan PJ, Azadbakht L. Salt and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2017;68(3):265-277. PubMed
  19. O'Donnell M, Mente A, Rangarajan S, et al. Urinary sodium and potassium excretion, mortality, and cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(7):612-23. DOI
  20. Poggio R, Gutierrez L, Matta MG, Elorriaga N, Irazola V, Rubinstein A. Daily sodium consumption and CVD mortality in the general population: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Public Health Nutr. 2015;18(4):695-704. PubMed
  21. Stallings VA, Harrison M, Oria M; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium, Food and Nutrition Board, Health and Medicine Division, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington (DC): National Acad
  22. Mahtani KR, Heneghan C, Onakpoya I, et al. Reduced Salt Intake for Heart Failure: A Systematic Review. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Dec 1;178(12):1693-1700. PubMed
  23. Yancy CW. Sodium Restriction in Heart Failure: Too Much Uncertainty-Do the Trials. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Dec 1;178(12):1700-1701. PubMed
  24. He FJ, Campbell NRC, Ma Y, MacGregor GA, Cogswell ME, Cook NR. Errors in estimating usual sodium intake by the Kawasaki formula alter its relationship with mortality: implications for public health. Int J Epidemiol. 2018;47(6):1784-1795. PubMed
  25. Murthy K, Ondrey GJ, Malkani N, et al. THE EFFECTS OF HYPONATREMIA ON BONE DENSITY AND FRACTURES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS. Endocr Pract. 2019;25(4):366-378. PubMed
  26. Messerli FH, Hofstetter L, Syrogiannouli L, et al. Sodium intake, life expectancy, and all-cause mortality. Eur Heart J 2021;42(21):2103-2112. PubMed
  27. Graudal NA, Hubeck-Graudal T, Jurgens G. Effects of low sodium diet versus high sodium diet on blood pressure, renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, cholesterol, and triglyceride. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020;12(12):CD004022. PubMed
  28. Giatti S, Santos RB, Aielo AN, et al. Association of sodium with obstructive sleep apnea. The ELSA-Brasil study. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2021;18(3):502-510. PubMed
  29. Nan X, Lu H, Wu J, et al. The interactive association between sodium intake, alcohol consumption and hypertension among elderly in northern China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2021;21(1):135. PubMed
  30. Kyozuka H, Fukusda T, Murata T, et al. Impact of preconception sodium intake on hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: The Japan Environment and Children's study. Pregnancy Hypertens 2021;23:66-72. PubMed
  31. Zhao L, Ogden CL, Yang Q, et al. Association of usual sodium intake with obesity among US children and adolescents, NHANES 2009-2016. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021;29(3):587-594. PubMed
  32. Ma Y, He FJ, Sun Q, et al. 24-Hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion and cardiovascular risk. N Engl J Med 2022;386(3):252-263. PubMed
  33. Liu J, Yang X, Zhang P, et al. Association of urinary sodium excretion and left ventricular hypertrophy in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021;12:728493. PubMed
  34. Filippini T, Malavolti M, Whelton PK, Vinceti M. Sodium intake and risk of hypertension: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational cohort studies. Curr Hypertens Rep 2022;24(5):133-144. PubMed
  35. Wang DD, Li Y, Nguyen XT, et al. Dietary sodium and potassium intake and risk of non-fatal cardiovascular diseases: The million veteran program. Nutrients 2022;14(5):1121. PubMed
  36. Kwak JH, Park CH, Eun CS, et al. The associations of dietary intake of high sodium and low zinc with gastric cancer mortality: A prospective cohort study in Korea. Nutr Cancer 2022;74(10):3501-3508. PubMed
  37. George S, Maiti R, Mishra BR, Jena M, Mohapatra D. Effect of regulated add-on sodium chloride intake on stabilization of serum lithium concentration in bipolar disorder: A randomized controlled trial. Bipolar Disord 2023;25(1):66-75. PubMed
  38. Zhou TL, Schütten MTJ, Kroon AA, et al. Urinary Sodium Excretion and Salt Intake Are Not Associated With Blood Pressure Variability in a White General Population. J Am Heart Assoc 2023;12(1):e026578. PubMed

See these in context on the Sodium monograph →

Caprylic Acid 5 references
  1. Massolini G, Aubry AF, McGann A, Wainer IW. Determination of the magnitude and enantioselectivity of ligand binding to rat and rabbit serum albumins using immobilized-protein high performance liquid chromatography stationary phases. Biochem Pharmacol 1993 PubMed
  2. Kristev A, Mitkov D, Lukanov Y, Chapkynov P. The effect of octanoic fatty acid on the cardiovascular system of the guinea pig. Cor Vasa 1989;31(4):321-7.
  3. Hayball PF, Holman JW, Nation RL. Influence of octanoic acid on the reversible protein binding of ketorolac enantiomers to human serum albumin (HSA): comparative liquid chromatographic studies using a HSA chiral stationary phase. J Chromatogr B Biomed App PubMed
  4. Noctor TA, Wainer IW, Hage DS. Allosteric and competitive displacement of drugs from human serum albumin by octanoic acid, as revealed by high-performance liquid affinity chromatography, on a human serum albumin-based stationary phase. J Chromatogr 1992;5 PubMed
  5. Voller B, Lines E, McCrossin G, et al. Dose-escalation study of octanoic acid in patients with essential tremor. J Clin Invest. 2016;126(4):1451-7. PubMed

See these in context on the Caprylic Acid monograph →

Lauric Acid 8 references
  1. Brown KE, Leong K, Huang CH, et al. Gelatin/chondroitin 6-sulfate microspheres for the delivery of therapeutic proteins to the joint. Arthritis Rheum 1998;41:2185-95. PubMed
  2. de Roos N, Schouten E, Katan M. Consumption of a solid fat rich in lauric acid results in a more favorable serum lipid profile in healthy men and women than consumption of a solid fat rich in trans-fatty acids. J Nutr 2001;131;242-5. PubMed
  3. Temme EH, Mensink RP, Hornstra G. Comparison of the effects of diets enriched in lauric, palmitic, or oleic acids on serum lipids and lipoproteins in healthy women and men. Am J Clin Nutr 1996;63:897-903. PubMed
  4. Denke MA, Grundy SM. Comparison of effects of lauric acid and palmitic acid on plasma lipids and lipoproteins. Am J Clin Nutr 1992;56:895-8. PubMed
  5. Tholstrup T, Marckmann P, Vessby B, Sandstrom B. Effect of fats high in individual saturated fatty acids on plasma lipoprotein[a] levels in young healthy men. J Lipid Res 1995;36;1447-52. DOI
  6. Francois CA, Connor SL, Wander RC, Connor WE. Acute effects of dietary fatty acids on the fatty acids of human milk. Am J Clin Nutr 1998;67:301-8. PubMed
  7. Tholstrup T, Marckmann P, Jespersen J, Sandstrom B. Fat high in stearic acid favorably affects blood lipids and factor VII coagulant activity in comparison with fats high in palmitic acid or high in myristic and lauric acids. Am J Clin Nutr 1994;59:371-7. PubMed
  8. McVeay C, Fitzgerald PCE, Ullrich SS, Steinert RE, Horowitz M, Feinle-Bisset C. Effects of intraduodenal administration of lauric acid and L-tryptophan, alone and combined, on gut hormones, pyloric pressures, and energy intake in healthy men. Am J Clin Nu PubMed

See these in context on the Lauric Acid monograph →

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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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