Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 5 of 10 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Best Aminos Arctic Ice Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by BPI Sports

Best Aminos Arctic Ice label
See full label image
Powder Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Best Aminos Arctic Ice against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Best Aminos Arctic Ice is a dietary supplement by BPI Sports with 10 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for heart and cholesterol support, skin moisturizing, menstrual cramps.Based on those ingredients, 259 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Safflower Oil, Powder, Coconut Oil, Powder, Glutamine Support Matrix. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Best Aminos Arctic Ice by BPI Sports

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Best Aminos Arctic Ice by BPI Sports — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Best Aminos Arctic Ice by BPI Sports

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 10 active ingredients.
  • “Omega 6 Fatty Acids & CLA Matrix” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (1 Gram(s)) without saying how much of each component you get.
  • “Leucine Support Matrix” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (2.50 Gram(s)) without saying how much of each component you get.
  • “Isoleucine Muscle Matrix” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (1.25 Gram(s)) without saying how much of each component you get.

Best Aminos Arctic Ice contains 10 active ingredients, the core of which is a branch-chain amino acid (BCAA) blend: L-Leucine, L-Isoleucine, and L-Valine. These are joined by L-Glutamine and L-Lysine, two other amino acids; a matrix of omega-6 fatty acids and CLA (conjugated linoleic acid); and powdered oils—safflower, avocado, and coconut—along with L-Glycyl and L-Alanyl.

The product also contains several inactive ingredients, including cellulose, gums, and maltodextrin, which serve as binders and fillers.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: muscle recovery and sports performance.
  • We looked for evidence on: Athletic performance, Exercise-induced muscle damage, Muscle strength, Postoperative recovery, Wound healing, Endurance — and 2 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Glutamine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Postoperative recovery (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Glutamine is rated "Possibly Ineffective" for Athletic performance.
  • Also on file: Lysine is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Athletic performance, Muscle strength.

The evidence on this product's ingredients is limited. L-Glutamine is rated Effective for sickle cell disease and Possibly Effective for HIV/AIDS-related wasting, postoperative recovery, and critical illness from trauma.

L-Lysine is Possibly Effective for cold sores, but Insufficient Reliable Evidence exists to rate it for child growth, pressure ulcers, or diabetic foot ulcers. Safflower Oil, avocado, and coconut all have Insufficient Reliable Evidence for their listed conditions—including diabetes, cholesterol, and obesity.

The evidence we hold doesn't establish that this product works for muscle recovery, its apparent primary purpose.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Safflower Avocado Coconut Lysine Glutamine

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 5 of the 5 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 5 of 5.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 5 of 5.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

L-Glutamine is generally well tolerated in healthy adults, though people with kidney or liver disease should use it only under medical supervision. Orally, it's been associated with belching, bloating, constipation, diarrhea, flatulence, gas pain, headache, and nausea; at high doses (10–30 grams daily), nausea, vomiting, constipation, and GI pain are more common.

Rare cases of dizziness and, in two patients with bipolar disorder, mania or hypomania have been reported. L-Lysine is generally well tolerated at typical doses but may cause stomach upset, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and dyspepsia at higher amounts; one case of kidney damage was reported.

Safflower Oil carries a serious rare risk: at least 7 case reports link over-use (usually for weight loss) to acute liver failure requiring transplant, though the exact dose or duration is unclear. Safflower may also cause liver damage.

Avocado is generally well tolerated when eaten as food; rare serious effects include allergic cross-sensitivity in latex-sensitive people and acute food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (a severe GI food reaction). Coconut can trigger allergic reactions ranging from hives to anaphylaxis in sensitive people.

L-Glutamine is rated Likely Safe in pregnancy and lactation; L-Lysine and avocado are not well studied in pregnancy or breastfeeding, so check with your doctor first. Safflower should be avoided in medicinal amounts during pregnancy (it may stimulate the uterus) and is not well studied while breastfeeding beyond food use.

Coconut is rated Likely Safe in pregnancy and lactation.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Safflower Avocado Coconut Lysine Glutamine

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 5 of the 5 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Safflower, Lysine, Glutamine, Avocado, Coconut.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; seizure medications; diabetes medications.
  • For scale: 259 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Double-check this product if you take anticonvulsant (seizure) medications, blood thinners or warfarin, or diabetes drugs—all carry documented Moderate or Minor interactions. No other medication interactions are documented for the ingredients we could check.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product is a branched-chain amino acid supplement with several herbal oil additions. It may appeal to people looking for muscle-support amino acids, though the evidence for its primary purpose isn't established in our data.

If you take seizure medications, blood thinners (especially warfarin), or diabetes drugs, you must check your exact prescriptions with the tool on this page before starting. Talk to your pharmacist before using it, especially if you have liver or kidney disease or are pregnant or breastfeeding.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 5 of 10 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Apr 24, 2025.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Best Aminos Arctic Ice, straight from the product label.

Brand BPI Sports
Barcode (UPC) 811213022815
Net contents 8.8 Ounce(s); 250 Gram(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Apr 24, 2025
DSLD ID 326508
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Powder
Dietary claims / uses Nutrient, All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Best Aminos Arctic Ice by BPI Sports, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
10 Gram(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
10 Gram(s)
Servings per container
25
UPC/BARCODE
811213022815
IngredientAmount% DV
Calories35 Calorie(s)--
Total Carbohydrates5 Gram(s)2%
L-Glutamine0 NP--
Calories from Fat9 Calorie(s)--
L-Leucine0 NP--
L-Isoleucine0 NP--
L-Valine0 NP--
Total Fat1 Gram(s)1%
L-Lysine0 NP--
Safflower Oil, Powder0 NP--
Avocado Oil, Powder0 NP--
Coconut Oil, Powder0 NP--
Omega 6 Fatty Acids & CLA Matrix1 Gram(s)--
Leucine Support Matrix2.5 Gram(s)--
L-Glycyl0 NP--
L-Alanyl0 NP--
Isoleucine Muscle Matrix1.25 Gram(s)--
Valine Recovery Matrix1.25 Gram(s)--
Glutamine Support Matrix1 Gram(s)--

Other ingredients: Potassium Hydroxide, Stearic Acid, Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium, Crospovidone, natural Waxes, Carboxylic Acids, Polyethylene Glycol, Dicalcium Phosphate, Maltodextrin, Citric Acid, Natural & Artificial Flavors, Malic Acid, Silica, Cellulose Gum, Xanthan Gum, Carrageenan Gum, Sucralose, Acesulfame Potassium, Tree Nuts

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested use: Use on training days only.

Take 1 serving (1 scoop) Mix in 8 oz of water Take it before, during, or after workout

Precautions

Do not exceed recommended dose. Discontinue use two weeks prior to surgery.

Warnings: Not intended for use by persons under 18. Keep this product and all supplements out of the reach of children.

Get the consent of a licensed physician before using this product, especially if you are taking medication, have a medical condition, you are pregnant, nursing or thinking about becoming pregnant.

Contain(s): Tree nuts (coconut). Produced in a facility that also processes, soy, fish, shellfish, milk, peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, and eggs.

To report an adverse event or for more information call: 954.926.0900

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place.

Formulation

No artificial colors

No artificial colors

When combined with a proper exercise and nutrition regimen.

Seals/Symbols

Made in the USA with domestic and international ingredients.

Quality Tested cGMP Quality Verified Good Manufacturing Practices

Made in the USA

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

General Statements

Follow us: Facebook /BPIOnline Instagram @ BPI_Sports

Formula

Branched-Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs) & Glutamine Arctic Ice Natural & artificial flavors

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Best Aminos Arctic Ice by BPI Sports label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Best Aminos Arctic Ice label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Best Aminos Arctic Ice by BPI Sports

These are the 10 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size10 Gram(s) Dosage formPowder Servings per container25 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Omega 6 Fatty Acids & CLA Matrix

1 Gram(s) per serving

Leucine Support Matrix

2.5 Gram(s) per serving
  • › L-Leucine
  • › L-Lysine
  • › L-Glycyl
  • › L-Alanyl

Isoleucine Muscle Matrix

1.25 Gram(s) per serving
  • › L-Isoleucine

Valine Recovery Matrix

1.25 Gram(s) per serving
  • › L-Valine

Glutamine Support Matrix

Interacts with
50 drugs
1 Gram(s) per serving

Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in the body and is usually made in your muscles. A prescription form is FDA-approved to help reduce sickle c...

Glutamine Support Matrix monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Potassium Hydroxide, Stearic Acid, Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium, Crospovidone, Natural Waxes, Carboxylic Acids, Polyethylene Glycol, Dicalcium Phosphate, Maltodextrin, Citric Acid, Natural & Artificial Flavors, Malic Acid, Silica, Cellulose Gum, Xanthan Gum, Carrageenan Gum, Sucralose, Acesulfame Potassium, Tree Nuts. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Best Aminos Arctic Ice by BPI Sports Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Best Aminos Arctic Ice?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
259Drugs
258 Moderate 1 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Safflower Oil, Powder 208
Coconut Oil, Powder 86
Glutamine Support Matrix 50
Avocado Oil, Powder 2
L-Lysine 1

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Best Aminos Arctic Ice interact with 259 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

5 of the 10 ingredients in Best Aminos Arctic Ice interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Safflower Oil, Powder Coconut Oil, Powder Glutamine Support Matrix Avocado Oil, Powder L-Lysine

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Best Aminos Arctic Ice with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Safflower Oil, Powder3 drug types · 208 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

High doses of safflower oil might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Small clinical studies show that taking safflower oil, approximately 55 grams daily for 2-3 weeks, decreases platelet aggregation. However, taking lower doses of safflower oil, such as 5 grams daily for 4 weeks, does not seem to affect platelet function. In one case report, a 74-year-old male stabilized on warfarin developed urinary tract bleeding and an elevated INR after taking a safflower extract 20 grams daily for 14 days.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, safflower oil might alter the effects of antidiabetes drugs.
Some clinical research shows that taking safflower oil 10 grams daily for 3 weeks can increase fasting blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, clinical research in patients with metabolic syndrome with or without impaired glucose tolerance shows that taking safflower oil 8 grams daily for 12 weeks reduces fasting glucose levels by around 8 mg/dL. Some clinical research also shows that taking safflower oil 8 grams daily for 16 weeks does not affect fasting glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Warfarin

Theoretically, safflower oil might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with warfarin.
In one case report, a 74-year-old male stabilized on warfarin developed urinary tract bleeding and an elevated INR after taking a safflower extract 20 grams daily for 14 days.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Safflower Oil, Powder full monograph & interactions

Coconut Oil, Powder1 drug type · 86 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, taking coconut with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Animal research suggests that coconut milk might increase insulin levels and/or decrease blood glucose levels.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Coconut Oil, Powder full monograph & interactions

Glutamine Support Matrix1 drug type · 50 drugs

Anticonvulsants

Theoretically, glutamine might antagonize the effects of anticonvulsant medications.
Glutamine is metabolized to the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. Glutamate might have antagonistic effects with anticonvulsant drugs. However, this interaction has not yet been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Glutamine Support Matrix full monograph & interactions

Avocado Oil, Powder1 drug type · 2 drugs

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Avocado may antagonize the anticoagulant effects of warfarin.
Avocado may antagonize the anticoagulant effects of warfarin; however, there has been only one case report of this interaction.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Avocado Oil, Powder full monograph & interactions

L-Lysine1 drug type · 1 drug

5-Ht4 Agonists

Theoretically, lysine may reduce the effects of 5-HT4 agonists.
Animal research suggests that L-lysine is a partial serotonin receptor 4 (5-HT4) antagonist and inhibits diarrhea induced by the 5-HT4 agonist, 5-hydroxytryptophane.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
L-Lysine full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Best Aminos Arctic Ice, from the product label.

BPI Sports

See all BPI Sports products
Name
BPI Sports
Street Address
3149 SW 42nd St. Suite 200
City
Hollywood
State
FL
ZipCode
33312
Phone Number
954.926.0900
Web Address
www.bpisports.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Best Aminos Arctic Ice by BPI Sports: Common Questions

Does Best Aminos Arctic Ice by BPI Sports interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Best Aminos Arctic Ice has a known interaction with 259 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Best Aminos Arctic Ice contains 10 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is L-Glutamine safe for me if I have kidney disease?
People with kidney or liver disease should use glutamine only under medical supervision. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist before taking this product.
What are the most common side effects of this product?
L-Glutamine at high doses can cause belching, bloating, constipation, diarrhea, gas, nausea, and vomiting. L-Lysine may cause abdominal pain, diarrhea, and stomach upset. These are usually mild, but if you notice them, lower the dose or stop and talk to your pharmacist.
Can I take this while pregnant?
L-Glutamine and coconut are rated Likely Safe in pregnancy. L-Lysine and safflower have not been well studied in pregnancy—safflower in particular should be avoided in medicinal amounts because it may stimulate the uterus. Talk to your doctor for personalized advice.
Will this help me build muscle?
The evidence on whether this product works for muscle recovery is not established in the data we hold. L-Glutamine is Effective for sickle cell disease and Possibly Effective for postoperative recovery, but we don't have evidence specifically for muscle building from amino acid supplements.
Is there a risk of allergic reaction?
Yes—coconut can trigger allergic reactions ranging from hives to anaphylaxis in people with coconut hypersensitivity, and avocado may cause reactions in those allergic to latex. If you have a known tree nut allergy or latex sensitivity, discuss this product with your pharmacist first.
Can I take this if I'm breastfeeding?
L-Glutamine and coconut are rated Likely Safe during breastfeeding. L-Lysine and safflower have not been well studied while breastfeeding, so check with your doctor or pharmacist for personalized advice.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Best Aminos Arctic Ice is safe with your meds?

Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Best Aminos Arctic Ice label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Best Aminos Arctic Ice’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Safflower

Interacts with 208 drugs

Safflower is a thistle-like plant used mainly for its seed oil (a common cooking oil) and its colorful flowers. Safflower oil is a reasonable source of unsaturated fats, but strong proof tha...

Read the full Safflower monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Avocado

Interacts with 2 drugs

Avocado is a nutritious fruit rich in healthy monounsaturated fats, fiber, and potassium, and eating it as part of a balanced diet may support heart health. A specific extract called avocado...

Read the full Avocado monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Coconut

Interacts with 86 drugs

Coconut is a nutritious tropical food enjoyed as oil, water, milk, and flesh, and it is generally safe to eat in normal food amounts. While some uses (like skin moisturizing and hydration) h...

Read the full Coconut monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Lysine

Interacts with 1 drug

Lysine is an essential amino acid your body cannot make on its own, so it must come from food or supplements. People most often take extra lysine to try to prevent or shorten cold sores, but...

Read the full Lysine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Glutamine

Interacts with 50 drugs

Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in the body and is usually made in your muscles. A prescription form is FDA-approved to help reduce sickle cell disease complications, but for most...

Read the full Glutamine monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Best Aminos Arctic Ice's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 52 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Glutamine 11 references
  1. Miller AL. Therapeutic considerations of L-glutamine: a review of the literature. Altern Med Rev 1999;4:239-48..
  2. Bozzetti F, Biganzoli L, Gavazzi C, et al. Glutamine supplementation in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: a double-blind randomized study. Nutrition 1997;13:748-51.. PubMed
  3. Mebane AH. L-Glutamine and mania. Am J Psychiatry 984;141:1302-3.
  4. Meldrum BS. Glutamate as a neurotransmitter in the brain: review of physiology and pathology. J Nutr 2000;130:1007S-15S.. PubMed
  5. Garlick PJ. Assessment of the safety of glutamine and other amino acids. J Nutr 2001;131:2556S-61S.. PubMed
  6. Chapman AG. Glutamate and epilepsy. J Nutr 2000;130:1043S-5S.. PubMed
  7. Ziegler TR. Glutamine supplementation in cancer patients receiving bone marrow transplantation and high dose chemotherapy. J Nutr 2001;131:2578S-84S.. PubMed
  8. Laviano A, Molfino A, Lacaria MT, Canelli A, De Leo S, Preziosa I, Rossi Fanelli F. Glutamine supplementation favors weight loss in nondieting obese female patients. A pilot study. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2014 Nov;68(11):1264-6. PubMed
  9. Endari (l-glutamine) [package insert]. Torrance, CA: Emmaus Medical,Inc; 2017.
  10. Niihara Y, Miller ST, Kanter J, et al. A Phase 3 Trial of l-Glutamine in Sickle Cell Disease. N Engl J Med 2018;379(3):226-35. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1715971.
  11. Ogden HB, Child RB, Fallowfield JL, et al. Gastrointestinal Tolerance of Low, Medium and High Dose Acute Oral l-Glutamine Supplementation in Healthy Adults: A Pilot Study. Nutrients. 2020;12(10):2953. PubMed

See these in context on the Glutamine monograph →

Lysine 7 references
  1. Thein DJ, Hurt WC. Lysine as a prophylactic agent in the treatment of recurrent herpes simplex labialis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1984;58:659-66. PubMed
  2. McCune MA, Perry HO, Muller SA, O'Fallon WM. Treatment of recurrent herpes simplex infections with L-lysine monohydrochloride. Cutis 1984;34:366-73.
  3. DiGiovanna JJ, Blank H. Failure of lysine in frequently recurrent herpes simplex infection. Treatment and prophylaxis. Arch Dermatol 1984;120:48-51. DOI
  4. Milman N, Scheibel J, Jessen O. Lysine prophylaxis in recurrent herpes simplex labialis: a double-blind, controlled crossover study. Acta Derm Venereol 1980;60:85-7.
  5. Griffith RS, Walsh DE, Myrmel KH, et al. Success of L-lysine therapy in frequently recurrent herpes simplex infection. Treatment and prophylaxis. Dermatologica 1987;175:183-90. DOI
  6. Lo JC, Chertow GM, Rennke H, Seifter JL. Fanconi's syndrome and tubulointerstitial nephritis in association with L-lysine ingestion. Am J Kidney Dis 1996;28:614-7. PubMed
  7. Smriga M, Torii K. L-Lysine acts like a partial serotonin receptor 4 antagonist and inhibits serotonin-mediated intestinal pathologies and anxiety in rats. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Dec 23;100(26):15370-5.

See these in context on the Lysine monograph →

Safflower 14 references
  1. The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
  2. Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
  3. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  4. Borkman M, Chisholm DJ, Furler SM, et al. Effects of fish oil supplementation on glucose and lipid metabolism in NIDDM. Diabetes 1989;38:1314-9.. PubMed
  5. Amato, P. and Quercia, R. A. A historical perspective and review of the safety of lipid emulsion in pregnancy. Nutr Clin Pract. 1991;6(5):189-192. PubMed
  6. Demke, D. M., Peters, G. R., Linet, O. I., Metzler, C. M., and Klott, K. A. Effects of a fish oil concentrate in patients with hypercholesterolemia. Atherosclerosis 1988;70(1-2):73-80. PubMed
  7. Kaji, K., Yoshida, S., Nagata, N., Yamashita, T., Mizukoshi, E., Honda, M., Kojima, Y., and Kaneko, S. An open-label study of administration of EH0202, a health-food additive, to patients with chronic hepatitis C. J Gastroenterol. 2004;39(9):873-878. PubMed
  8. Kwon, J. S., Snook, J. T., Wardlaw, G. M., and Hwang, D. H. Effects of diets high in saturated fatty acids, canola oil, or safflower oil on platelet function, thromboxane B2 formation, and fatty acid composition of platelet phospholipids. Am.J.Clin.Nutr. PubMed
  9. Lloyd-Still, J. D., Simon, S. H., Wessel, H. U., and Gibson, L. E. Negative effects of oral fatty acid supplementation on sweat chloride in cystic fibrosis. Pediatrics 1979;64(1):50-52. DOI
  10. Challen, A. D., Branch, W. J., and Cummings, J. H. The effect of aspirin and linoleic acid on platelet aggregation, platelet fatty acid composition and haemostasis in man. Hum Nutr Clin Nutr 1983;37(3):197-208.
  11. Asp ML, Collene AL, Norris LE, Cole RM, Stout MB, Tang SY, Hsu JC, Belury MA. Time-dependent effects of safflower oil to improve glycemia, inflammation and blood lipids in obese, post-menopausal women with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-masked, cro
  12. Liu Y, Liu S, Shi Y, et al. Effects of safflower injection on the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of warfarin in rats. Xenobiotica. 2017 Oct 25:1-6. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed
  13. de Ataide EC, Reges Perales S, de Oliveira Peres MA, et al. Acute liver failure induced by Carthamus tinctorius oil: Case reports and literature review. Transplant Proc. 2018;50(2):476-477. PubMed
  14. Ruyvaran M, Zamani A, Mohamadian A, et al. Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) oil could improve abdominal obesity, blood pressure, and insulin resistance in patients with metabolic syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. PubMed

See these in context on the Safflower monograph →

Avocado 10 references
  1. Blickstein D, Shaklai M, Inbal A. Warfarin antagonism by avocado. Lancet 1991;337:914-5. PubMed
  2. Blanco C, Diaz-Perales A, Collada C, et al. Class I chitinases as potential panallergens involved in the latex-fruit syndrome. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1999;103(3 Pt 1):507-13. PubMed
  3. Diaz-Perales A, Collada C, Blanco C, et al. Cross-reactions in the latex-fruit syndrome: A relevant role of chitinases but not of complex asparagine-linked glycans. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1999;104:681-7. PubMed
  4. Stucker M, Memmel U, Hoffmann M, et al. Vitamin B(12) cream containing avocado oil in the therapy of plaque psoriasis. Dermatology 2001;203:141-7.
  5. Ahlroth, M., Alenius, H., Turjanmaa, K., Makinen-Kiljunen, S., Reunala, T., and Palosuo, T. Cross-reacting allergens in natural rubber latex and avocado. J.Allergy Clin.Immunol. 1995;96(2):167-173. PubMed
  6. de Groot, A. C., van der Meeren, H. L., and Weyland, J. W. Contact allergy to avocado oil in a sunscreen. Contact Dermatitis 1987;16(2):108-109. PubMed
  7. Blanco, C., Carrillo, T., Castillo, R., Quiralte, J., and Cuevas, M. Avocado hypersensitivity. Allergy 1994;49(6):454-459. PubMed
  8. Crisi, G. and Belsito, D. V. Contact urticaria from latex in a patient with immediate hypersensitivity to banana, avocado and peach. Contact Dermatitis 1993;28(4):247-248.
  9. Cherian S, Neupert K, Varshney P. Avocado as an emerging trigger for food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2018;121(3):369-71. PubMed
  10. Lichtenstein AH, Kris-Etherton PM, Petersen KS, et al. Effect of Incorporating 1 Avocado Per Day Versus Habitual Diet on Visceral Adiposity: A Randomized Trial. J Am Heart Assoc 2022;11(14):e025657.

See these in context on the Avocado monograph →

Coconut 10 references
  1. Teuber SS, Peterson WR. Systemic allergic reaction to coconut (Cocos nucifera) in 2 subjects with hypersensitivity to tree nut and demonstration of cross-reactivity to legumin-like seed storage proteins: new coconut and walnut food allergens. J Allergy Cl PubMed
  2. Rosado A, Fernandez-Rivas M, Gonzalez-Mancebo E, et al. Anaphylaxis to coconut. Allergy 2002;57(2):182-3. PubMed
  3. Karmakar PR, Das A, Chatterjee BP. Placebo-controlled immunotherapy with Cocos nucifera pollen extract. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 1994;103(2):194-201. PubMed
  4. Anagnostou K. Coconut Allergy Revisited. Children (Basel). 2017;4(10). pii: E85. PubMed
  5. Cifuentes L, Mistrello G, Amato S, et al. Identification of cross-reactivity between buckwheat and coconut. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2015;115(6):530-2. PubMed
  6. Michavila Gomez A, Amat Bou M, Gonzalez Cortés MV, Segura Navas L, Moreno Palanques MA, Bartolomé B. Coconut anaphylaxis: Case report and review. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2015;43(2):219-20. PubMed
  7. 21CFR170.3. U.S. Food and Drug Administration Department of Health and Human Services. Updated April 1, 2017. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=170.3
  8. Alatawi KA, Alshubaily FA. Coconut products alleviate hyperglycaemic, hyperlipidimic and nephropathy indices in streptozotocin-induced diabetic wistar rats. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021;28(8):4224-4231. PubMed
  9. Kruse L, Lor J, Yousif R, Pongracic JA, Fishbein AB. Coconut allergy: Characteristics of reactions and diagnostic predictors in a pediatric tertiary care center. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2021;126(5):562-568.
  10. Pathmanandavel K, Kaur N, Joshi P, Ford LS. Anaphylaxis and allergy to coconut: An Australian pediatric case series. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2020;8(10):3657-3659. PubMed

See these in context on the Coconut monograph →

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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