Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Creatine HCl 189 Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by GNC AMP Advanced Muscle Performance

Other (e.g. Tea Bag) Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Major
The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

Creatine HCl 189 is a dietary supplement by GNC AMP Advanced Muscle Performance with 2 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for bone health and osteoporosis prevention, dietary calcium deficiency, heartburn relief (calcium carbonate antacids).Based on those ingredients, 168 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Calcium. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Creatine HCl 189 by GNC AMP Advanced Muscle Performance

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 2 of its 2 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

This product contains two active ingredients. Calcium is a mineral essential for bone health, muscle function, and other body processes — the facts note it is effective for kidney failure, indigestion, low blood calcium, high potassium, and osteoporosis (weak bones).

PEG-Creatine System is a form of creatine, a compound that helps muscle cells produce energy; research suggests it may help with muscle strength, athletic performance, and certain rare genetic conditions affecting the brain. The product also contains several inactive ingredients (fillers, binders, and coating materials) listed to make the tablet stable and easy to swallow.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: increase strength and build muscle.
  • We looked for evidence on: Athletic performance, Exercise-induced muscle damage, Muscle breakdown, Muscle cramps, Muscle strength, Physical performance — and 4 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Creatine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Athletic performance (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Creatine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Muscle strength, Sarcopenia.
  • Also on file: Calcium is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Exercise-induced muscle damage.

Calcium in this product is effective for several conditions: it helps prevent and treat low blood calcium (hypocalcemia), supports bone density in osteoporosis, aids the kidneys in certain types of kidney failure, reduces indigestion (dyspepsia), and can lower dangerously high potassium levels (hyperkalemia). For the creatine component, the evidence is less settled.

It is possibly effective for muscle strength, athletic performance, age-related muscle loss (sarcopenia), and rare genetic conditions that affect the brain. However, research suggests creatine is likely ineffective for Huntington disease and osteopenia (low bone density).

The strength of evidence varies, and results depend on dose and individual factors.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Calcium Creatine

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 2 of the 2 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 2 of 2.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 2 of 2.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Calcium is generally well tolerated at recommended doses, though high amounts can cause problems. Common side effects when taken by mouth are belching, constipation, diarrhea, gas, and stomach upset.

Rare serious concerns from case reports include a severe condition called calciphylaxis and kidney stones. There's also some concern that very high calcium intake — over 1500–2000 mg daily — might be linked to increased prostate cancer risk and possibly heart disease, though research on this remains mixed.

Creatine is generally well tolerated in healthy adults but requires caution if you have kidney problems. Common side effects include dehydration, diarrhea, stomach upset, muscle cramps, and water retention.

Rare serious effects reported in case studies include kidney inflammation and muscle breakdown. Creatine is best avoided in pregnancy because safety hasn't been established, and there isn't enough data to recommend it while breastfeeding.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Calcium Creatine

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 1 of the 2 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Calcium.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: heart-rhythm medications; lithium.
  • For scale: 168 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking this product, double-check if you use any HIV medications — especially integrase inhibitors like dolutegravir or elvitegravir (Major severity), the antibiotic ceftriaxone (Major), or raltegravir (Moderate). Also check if you take thyroid hormone (levothyroxine), the heart drug sotalol, the vitamin D treatment calcipotriene, or the blood pressure drug diltiazem — all Moderate severity.

No interactions are documented for the creatine ingredient we could check.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product may help with bone health (calcium) and muscle strength or athletic performance (creatine), but it has significant interactions with several HIV and heart medications. If you take dolutegravir, elvitegravir, raltegravir, levothyroxine, sotalol, ceftriaxone, or any calcium channel blocker, check with your pharmacist before starting.

If you're pregnant, breastfeeding, or have kidney disease, talk to your doctor first.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 2 of 2 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Aug 22, 2024.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Creatine HCl 189, straight from the product label.

Brand GNC AMP Advanced Muscle Performance
Net contents 28 White Caplet(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Aug 22, 2024
DSLD ID 313074
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Other (e.g. Tea Bag)
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Creatine HCl 189 by GNC AMP Advanced Muscle Performance, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
2 White Caplet(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
2 White Caplet(s)
Servings per container
14
IngredientAmount% DV
Calcium140 mg11%
PEG-Creatine System1250 mg--

Other ingredients: Dicalcium Phosphate, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Hydroxypropylcellulose, Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil, Ethylcellulose, Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, Croscarmellose Sodium, Silica, Calcium Silicate, Magnesium Stearate, Titanium Dioxide, Ammonium Hydroxide, Sodium Alginate, Medium Chain Triglyceride, Oleic Acid, Talc, Vegetable Acetoglycerides, natural Mint Flavor, Triacetin, Polysorbate 80, Sucralose, purified Stearic Acid

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formulation

3 products in 1 pack GNC AMP Strength Vitapak Program delivers the power of three science-based formulas to help you achieve your daily nutritional goals as you build muscles and get stronger. Increase strength & fuel your muscles 189% more efficiently

Vitapak program for performance + muscle support Increases strength & fuels your muscles 189% more efficiently

No artificial flavors, gluten free, no dairy. Gluten free.

Formula

Because Creatine HCl 189 is clinically shown to be absorbed into your muscles 189% more efficiently than creatine monohydrate, you can increase strength & performance with 1/4 of the dose Move 9.5x more weight Creatine HCl 189 In a randomized, double-blind, clinical study of 57 healthy, young adult males, subjects who took GNC AMP Creatine HCl 189 containing only 1.25 grams of the PEG-Creatine System significantly improved leg press 1-RM performance by 54.3 pounds, while subjects receiving 5 grams of creatine monohydrate significantly improved performance by 52.3 pounds and the placebo group showed no significant improvement at 5.7 pounds at the end of the study.

In a clinical study of 17 healthy young adults, muscle biopsy results revealed that GNC AMP Creatine HCl 189 resulted in 189% greater muscle creatine uptake relative to benchmark amounts of ordinary creatine monohydrate powder.

General Statements

If it's on our packages, then it's in our boxes. Clinically studied ingredients backed by real science. Get vitamins. Fuel muscles. Get stronger.

14 packs 14-day supply

For more information: 1-888-462-2548 GNC.com

Our quality commitment to you Since 1935, our mission as the industry leader has been to provide you with the highest-quality nutritional supplements. We continue to stand behind this mission. If you're not 100% satisfied with your purchase, return the unused portion of the product with your receipt within 30 days and we'll either refund your money or find a replacement product that is right for you.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Directions: As a dietary supplement, take the contents of one pack daily with food. Consume ample amounts of water while taking this product.

Precautions

Warning: Cancer and reproductive harm - www.P65Warnings.ca.gov. Discontinue use two weeks prior to surgery.

Consult your physician prior to using this product if you are pregnant, nursing, taking medication, under 18 years of age or have a medical condition.

Consult your physician prior to using this product if you are pregnant, nursing, taking medication, under 18 years of age or have a medical condition. Keep out of reach of children.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place.

Brand IP Statement(s)

Con-cret Reinforced Trademarks of Vireo Systems, Inc. Creatine HCl is covered by one or more patents: www.vireosystems.com/patents/

See for yourself

Creatine HCl 189 by GNC AMP Advanced Muscle Performance label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

What’s inside

The Ingredients in Creatine HCl 189 by GNC AMP Advanced Muscle Performance

These are the 2 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size2 White Caplet(s) Dosage formOther (e.g. Tea Bag) Servings per container14 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Calcium

Interacts with
168 drugs
140 mg per serving

Calcium is an essential mineral your body needs for strong bones, nerve signaling, and muscle function, and supplements can help fill gaps when diet f...

Calcium monograph & interactions

PEG-Creatine System

No known
interactions
1250 mg per serving Form: Con-Cret

Creatine is one of the most studied sports supplements, with solid evidence that it can boost strength and performance during short, high-intensity ac...

PEG-Creatine System monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Dicalcium Phosphate, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Hydroxypropylcellulose, Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil, Ethylcellulose, Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, Croscarmellose Sodium, Silica, Calcium Silicate, Magnesium Stearate, Titanium Dioxide, Ammonium Hydroxide, Sodium Alginate, Medium Chain Triglyceride, Oleic Acid, Talc, Vegetable Acetoglycerides, Natural Mint Flavor, Triacetin, Polysorbate 80, Sucralose, Purified Stearic Acid. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Creatine HCl 189 by GNC AMP Advanced Muscle Performance Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Creatine HCl 189?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

Go to the checker
168Drugs
7 Major 143 Moderate 18 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Calcium 168

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Creatine HCl 189 with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Calcium18 drug types · 168 drugs

Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)

Co-administration of intravenous calcium and ceftriaxone can result in precipitation of a ceftriaxone-calcium salt in the lungs and kidneys.
Avoid administering intravenous calcium in any form, such as parenteral nutrition or Lactated Ringers, within 48 hours of intravenous ceftriaxone. Case reports in neonates show that administering intravenous ceftriaxone and calcium can result in precipitation of a ceftriaxone-calcium salt in the lungs and kidneys. In several cases, neonates have died as a result of this interaction. So far there are no reports in adults; however, there is still concern that this interaction might occur in adults.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Dolutegravir (Tivicay)

Calcium seems to reduce levels of dolutegravir.
Advise patients to take dolutegravir either 2 hours before or 6 hours after taking calcium supplements. Pharmacokinetic research suggests that taking calcium carbonate 1200 mg concomitantly with dolutegravir 50 mg reduces plasma levels of dolutegravir by almost 40%. Calcium appears to decrease levels of dolutegravir through chelation.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Elvitegravir (Vitekta)

Calcium seems to reduce levels of elvitegravir.
Advise patients to take elvitegravir either 2 hours before or 2 hours after taking calcium supplements. Pharmacokinetic research suggests that taking calcium along with elvitegravir can reduce blood levels of elvitegravir through chelation.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Aluminum

Calcium citrate might increase aluminum absorption and toxicity. Other types of calcium do not increase aluminum absorption.
Calcium citrate can increase the absorption of aluminum when taken with aluminum hydroxide. The increase in aluminum levels may become toxic, particularly in individuals with kidney disease. However, the effect of calcium citrate on aluminum absorption is due to the citrate anion rather than calcium cation. Calcium acetate does not appear to increase aluminum absorption.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide (Biktarvy)

Calcium might decrease levels of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide by reducing its absorption when taken in a fasting state.
Advise patients that bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide and calcium can be taken together if taken with food. However, if taken on an empty stomach, bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide should not be taken with, or 2 hours after, calcium containing products.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Bisphosphonates

Calcium reduces the absorption of bisphosphonates.
Advise patients to take bisphosphonates at least 30 minutes before calcium, but preferably at a different time of day. Calcium supplements decrease absorption of bisphosphonates.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Calcipotriene (Dovonex)

Taking calcipotriene with calcium might increase the risk for hypercalcemia.
Calcipotriene is a vitamin D analog used topically for psoriasis. It can be absorbed in sufficient amounts to cause systemic effects, including hypercalcemia. Theoretically, combining calcipotriene with calcium supplements might increase the risk of hypercalcemia.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Digoxin (Lanoxin)

Using intravenous calcium with digoxin might increase the risk of fatal cardiac arrhythmias.
Hypercalcemia increases the risk of fatal cardiac arrhythmias with digoxin. However, one retrospective analysis of clinical data suggests that intravenous calcium does not increase the risk of dysrhythmias or mortality in patients receiving digoxin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Diltiazem (Cardizem, Others)

Theoretically, calcium may reduce the therapeutic effects of diltiazem.
Hypercalcemia can reduce the effectiveness of verapamil in atrial fibrillation. Theoretically, calcium might increase this risk of hypercalcemia and reduce the effectiveness of diltiazem.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Levothyroxine (Synthroid, Others)

Calcium seems to reduce the absorption and effectiveness of levothyroxine.
Advise patients to take levothyroxine and calcium supplements at least 4 hours apart. Calcium reduces levothyroxine absorption, probably by forming insoluble complexes. Calcium carbonate supplements reduce effectiveness of levothyroxine in patients with hypothyroidism.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Lithium

Theoretically, concomitant use of calcium and lithium may increase this risk of hypercalcemia.
Clinical research suggests that long-term use of lithium may cause hypercalcemia in 10% to 60% of patients. Theoretically, concomitant use of lithium and calcium supplements may further increase this risk.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Quinolone Antibiotics

Calcium seems to reduce the absorption of quinolone antibiotics.
Advise patients to take oral quinolones at least 2 hours before or 4-6 hours after calcium supplements or calcium-fortified foods. Taking calcium at the same time as oral quinolones can reduce quinolone absorption. Calcium binds to quinolones in the gut.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Raltegravir (Isentress)

Calcium may reduce levels of raltegravir.
Pharmacokinetic research shows that taking a single dose of calcium carbonate 3000 mg along with raltegravir 400 mg twice daily modestly decreases the mean area under the curve of raltegravir, but the decrease does not necessitate a dose adjustment of raltegravir. However, a case of elevated HIV-1 RNA levels and documented resistance to raltegravir has been reported for a patient taking calcium carbonate 1 gram three times daily plus vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) 400 IU three times daily in combination with raltegravir 400 mg twice daily for 11 months. It is thought that calcium reduced raltegravir levels by chelation, leading to treatment failure.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Sotalol (Betapace)

Calcium seems to reduce the absorption of sotalol.
Advise patients to separate doses by at least 2 hours before or 4-6 hours after calcium. Calcium appears to reduce the absorption of sotalol, probably by forming insoluble complexes.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Tetracycline Antibiotics

Calcium seems to reduce the absorption of tetracycline antibiotics.
Advise patients to take oral tetracyclines at least 2 hours before, or 4-6 hours after calcium supplements. Taking calcium at the same time as oral tetracyclines can reduce tetracycline absorption. Calcium binds to tetracyclines in the gut.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Thiazide Diuretics

Taking calcium along with thiazides might increase the risk of hypercalcemia and renal failure.
Thiazides reduce calcium excretion by the kidneys. Using thiazides along with moderately large amounts of calcium carbonate increases the risk of milk-alkali syndrome (hypercalcemia, metabolic alkalosis, renal failure). Patients may need to have their serum calcium levels and/or parathyroid function monitored regularly.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Verapamil (Calan, Others)

Theoretically, calcium may reduce the therapeutic effects of verapamil.
Hypercalcemia can reduce the effectiveness of verapamil in atrial fibrillation. Theoretically, use of calcium supplements may increase this risk of hypercalcemia and reduce the effectiveness of verapamil.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Calcium Channel Blockers

Intravenous calcium may decrease the effects of calcium channel blockers; oral calcium is unlikely to have this effect.
Intravenous calcium is used to decrease the effects of calcium channel blockers in the management of overdose. Intravenous calcium gluconate has been used before intravenous verapamil (Isoptin) to prevent or reduce the hypotensive effects without affecting the antiarrhythmic effects. But there is no evidence that dietary or supplemental calcium when taken orally interacts with calcium channel blockers.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Creatine HCl 189, from the product label.

GNC AMP Advanced Muscle Performance

See all GNC AMP Advanced Muscle Performance products
Name
GNC Holdings, LLC
City
Pittsburgh
State
PA
ZipCode
15222
Phone Number
1-888-462-2548
Web Address
GNC.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Creatine HCl 189 by GNC AMP Advanced Muscle Performance: Common Questions

Does Creatine HCl 189 by GNC AMP Advanced Muscle Performance interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Creatine HCl 189 has a known interaction with 168 medications, including 7 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Creatine HCl 189 contains 2 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is this safe if I'm pregnant?
Calcium at recommended amounts is considered likely safe in pregnancy and actually important for your baby's development — but stay within recommended doses and check with your doctor. Creatine, however, is best avoided because safety during pregnancy hasn't been established. Talk with your obstetrician before taking this product.
Can I use this if I'm breastfeeding?
Calcium at recommended amounts is fine during breastfeeding — your body's calcium needs can be met through supplementation. There isn't enough safety data on creatine for nursing mothers, so it's best to avoid the creatine part of this product while breastfeeding.
What are the most common side effects?
From calcium: belching, constipation, diarrhea, gas, and stomach upset. From creatine: dehydration, diarrhea, stomach upset, muscle cramps, and water retention. Most people tolerate these ingredients well if they're adequately hydrated.
Should I be concerned about kidney health?
If you have kidney disease or kidney issues, be cautious with creatine — talk to your doctor first. Calcium at standard doses is generally okay, but very high amounts and creatine together warrant professional guidance when kidney function is compromised.
Does creatine actually improve athletic performance?
Research suggests creatine is possibly effective for muscle strength and athletic performance, meaning some evidence supports it but results vary by person. Effectiveness depends on how much you take, your training routine, and your individual response.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Creatine HCl 189 is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Creatine HCl 189 label
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Creatine HCl 189's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 148 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Calcium 62 references
  1. Shils M, Olson A, Shike M. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lea and Febiger, 1994.
  2. Hernandez-Avila M, Gonzalez-Cossio T, Hernandez-Avila JE, et al. Dietary calcium supplements to lower blood lead levels in lactating women: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Epidemiology 2003;14:206-12.. PubMed
  3. Thys-Jacobs S, Ceccarelli S, Bierman A, et al. Calcium supplementation in premenstrual syndrome: a randomized crossover trial. J Gen Intern Med 1989;4:183-9. PubMed
  4. Maton PN, Burton ME. Antacids revisited: a review of their clinical pharmacology and recommended therapeutic use. Drugs 1999;57:855-70.
  5. Clemens JD, Feinstein AR. Calcium carbonate and constipation: a historical review of medical mythopoeia. Gastroenterology 1977;72:957-61. DOI
  6. Saunders D, Sillery J, Chapman R. Effect of calcium carbonate and aluminum hydroxide on human intestinal function. Dig Dis Sci 1988;33:409-13. PubMed
  7. Friedman PA, Bushinsky DA. Diuretic effects on calcium metabolism. Semin Nephrol 1999;19:551-6.
  8. Koo WK, Walters JC, Esterlitz J, et al. Maternal calcium supplementation and fetal bone mineralization. Obstet Gynecol 1999;94:577-82. DOI
  9. Raman L, Rajalakshmi K, Krishnamachari KAVR, et al. Effect of calcium supplementation to undernourished mothers during pregnancy on the bone density of the neonates. Am J Clin Nutr 1978; 31:466-9. DOI
  10. Murry JJ, Healy MD. Drug-mineral interactions: a new responsibility for the hospital dietician. J Am Diet Assoc 1991;91:66-73.
  11. Chan JM, Giovannucci E, Andersson SO, et al. Dairy products, calcium, phosphorous, vitamin D, and risk of prostate cancer. Cancer Causes Control 1998;9:559-66.
  12. Butner LE, Fulco PP, Feldman G, et al. Calcium carbonate-induced hypothyroidism. Ann Intern Med 2000:132:595. PubMed
  13. Schneyer CR. Calcium carbonate and reduction of levothyroxine efficacy. JAMA 1998;279:750. PubMed
  14. Moser LR, Smythe MA, Tisdale JE. The use of calcium salts in the prevention and management of verapamil-induced hypotension. Ann Pharmacother 2000;34:622-9. PubMed
  15. Singh N, Singh PN, Hershman JM. Effect of calcium carbonate on the absorption of levothyroxine. JAMA 2000;283:2822-5. PubMed
  16. Kahela P, Anttila M, Tikkanen R, Sundquist H. Effect of food, food constituents and fluid volume on the bioavailability of sotalol. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh) 1979;44:7-12.. PubMed
  17. Pletz MW, Petzold P, Allen A, et al. Effect of calcium carbonate on bioavailability of orally administered gemifloxacin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2003;47:2158-60.. PubMed
  18. Bar-Or D, Yoel G. Calcium and calciferol antagonize effect of verapamil in atrial fibrillation. Br Med J 1981;282:1585-6.
  19. Decktor DL, Robinson M, Maton PN, et al. Effects of aluminum/magnesium hydroxide and calcium carbonate on esophageal and gastric pH in subjects with heartburn. Am J Ther 1995;2:546-52. PubMed
  20. Simoneau G. Absence of rebound effect with calcium carbonate. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 1996;21:351-7. PubMed
  21. Peters ML, Leonard M, Licata AA. Role of alendronate and risedronate in preventing and treating osteoporosis. Cleve Clin J Med 2001;68:945-51. PubMed
  22. Bourke JF, Mumford R, Whittaker P, et al. The effects of topical calcipotriol on systemic calcium homeostasis in patients with chronic plaque psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol 1997;37:929-34.
  23. Gueguen L, Pointillart A. The bioavailability of dietary calcium. J Am Coll Nutr 2000;19:119s-136s. PubMed
  24. Vella A, Gerber TC, Hayes DL, Reeder GS. Digoxin, hypercalcaemia, and cardiac conduction. Postgrad Med J 1999;75:554-6. PubMed
  25. Bania TC, Blaufeux B, Hughes S, et al. Calcium and digoxin vs. calcium alone for severe verapamil toxicity. Acad Emerg Med 2000;7:1089-96. PubMed
  26. Tseng M, Breslow RA, Graubard BI, Ziegler RG. Dairy, calcium, and vitamin D intakes and prostate cancer risk in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Epidemiologic Follow-up Study cohort. Am J Clin Nutr 2005;81:1147-54. PubMed
  27. Weingarten MA, Zalmanovici A, Yaphe J. Dietary calcium supplementation for preventing colorectal cancer and adenomatous polyps. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004;(1):CD003548. PubMed
  28. Tavani A, Bertuccio P, Bosetti C, et al. Dietary intake of calcium, vitamin D, phosphorus and the risk of prostate cancer. Eur Urol 2005;48:27-33. PubMed
  29. Giovannucci E, Liu Y, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC. A prospective study of calcium intake and incident and fatal prostate cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006;15:203-10. PubMed
  30. Rocephin (ceftriaxone) and calcium interaction. Pharmacist's Letter / Prescriber's Letter 2007;23(10):231005.
  31. Bolland MJ, Barber PA, Doughty RN, et al. Vascular events in healthy older women receiving calcium supplementation: randomised control trial. BMJ 2008;336:262-6.
  32. Bolland MJ, Avenell A, Baron JA, et al. Effect of calcium supplements on risk of myocardial infarction and cardiovascular events: meta-analysis. BMJ 2010;341:c3691. PubMed
  33. Calcium supplementation and vascular events. Pharmacist's Letter / Prescriber's Letter 2008;24(3):240306.
  34. Dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D. Institute of Medicine, November 30, 2010. Available at: http://www.iom.edu/~/media/Files/Report%20Files/2010/Dietary-Reference-Intakes-for-Calcium-and-Vitamin-D/Vitamin%20D%20and%20Calcium%202010%20Repo
  35. Coburn JW, Mischel MG, Goodman WG, et al. Calcium citrate markedly enhances aluminum absorption from aluminum hydroxide. Am J Kidney Dis. 1991;17(6):708-11. PubMed
  36. Bradley JS, Wassel RT, Lee L, et al. Intravenous ceftriaxone and calcium in the neonate: assessing the risk for cardiopulmonary adverse events. Pediatrics. 2009;123(4):e609-13. PubMed
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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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