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Dietary supplement

Digestion Super Potency Enzymes & Herbs Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Nutri-Essence

Digestion Super Potency Enzymes & Herbs label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Digestion Super Potency Enzymes & Herbs against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Digestion Super Potency Enzymes & Herbs is a dietary supplement by Nutri-Essence with 5 active ingredients.Based on those ingredients, 1,250 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against Digestion Super Potency Enzymes & Herbs by Nutri-Essence

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Digestion Super Potency Enzymes & Herbs by Nutri-Essence — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Digestion Super Potency Enzymes & Herbs by Nutri-Essence

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Partial disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Partial

Most active ingredients list an amount, but at least one is hidden in a blend or missing.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 12 of its 19 active ingredients.
  • “Plant-source n-zimes” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label gives one combined amount (364 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.
  • “Carbohydrate-Digesting Enzymes” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label doesn't break down how much of each component you get.
  • “Protein-Digesting Enzymes” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label doesn't break down how much of each component you get.

This product contains 19 ingredients total, including digestive enzymes and herbal extracts. The enzymes — protease, lipase, lactase, acid protease, alkaline protease, and several others — are meant to help break down different components of food.

Lactase specifically is labeled as effective for lactose intolerance. The herbal ingredients are caraway, gentian, ginger root extract, and peppermint leaf extract, traditionally used to support digestion.

The product also lists several ingredient blends (Plant-source n-zimes, Carbohydrate-Digesting Enzymes, Protein-Digesting Enzymes, Fiber-Digesting Enzymes, Fat-Digesting Enzymes, and Herbal Digestive Support) whose individual components are already detailed in the full list. Inactive ingredients include cellulose, water, lecithin, and rice bran.

Does it work?

Strong evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Strong

Clinical evidence supports at least one of this product's ingredients for its stated purpose.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: help maximize digestion of all food groups.
  • We looked for evidence on: Dyspepsia, Flatulence, Gastritis, Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), Lactose intolerance, Diarrhea — and 4 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Lactase is rated "Effective" for Lactose intolerance (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Peppermint is rated "Likely Effective" for Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
  • Also on file: Caraway is rated "Possibly Effective" for Dyspepsia.

Evidence for these ingredients is mixed. Lactase is effective for lactose intolerance.

Caraway is possibly effective for indigestion (dyspepsia). Ginger root extract is possibly effective for pregnancy-related nausea and vomiting, period pain (dysmenorrhea), and osteoarthritis.

Peppermint leaf extract is likely effective for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and possibly effective for indigestion, nausea from chemotherapy, and colonic spasm during medical procedures. For the other digestive enzymes and gentian, the evidence in our data is insufficient to rate them — we don't have enough reliable information to say whether they work for their intended uses.

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 7 of the 7 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 7 of 7.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 7 of 7.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

The digestive enzymes (protease, lipase, acid protease, alkaline protease) are generally well tolerated in adults but may cause digestive upset or, rarely, allergic reactions; occupational airborne exposure to some proteases has caused asthma-like symptoms in workers. Lipase is generally well tolerated in supplement form; no adverse effects have been reported in adults, though premature infants given recombinant versions have experienced serious gastrointestinal problems including necrotizing enterocolitis (inflammation of the bowel).

Lactase is generally well tolerated; one case of allergic reaction to powdered lactase has been reported in a worker. Caraway, gentian, and peppermint are generally well tolerated in food or modest supplement amounts.

Ginger is generally well tolerated at typical doses; doses of 5 grams per day or higher increase the risk of side effects like heartburn, diarrhea, nausea, and abdominal discomfort. Rarely, ginger has caused small bowel obstruction.

Peppermint oil in large amounts may cause chemical burns. For pregnancy: caraway is possibly unsafe and should be avoided in medicinal amounts; lactase is likely safe; ginger is often used for morning sickness but should be checked with your doctor first; gentian should be avoided due to limited safety data; peppermint leaf extract is likely safe.

For breastfeeding: protease, lipase, caraway, and gentian are not recommended without medical advice; lactase and peppermint leaf extract have limited data, so check with your doctor first.

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 4 of the 7 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Caraway, Peppermint, Gentian, Ginger.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; immunosuppressants / transplant drugs; diabetes medications; lithium.
  • For scale: 1,251 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking this, double-check with your pharmacist if you're on blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs (warfarin, phenprocoumon, aspirin) — ginger increases bleeding risk. Also check if you take diabetes medications (ginger and caraway may lower blood sugar), blood pressure drugs including losartan (ginger may increase effects), CNS depressants like sedatives (caraway may increase drowsiness), lithium (caraway may affect levels), nifedipine (ginger may increase bleeding risk), cyclosporine (peppermint may raise levels), tuberculosis medications (isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide — caraway may increase effects), or medications processed by your liver's CYP450 enzymes (ginger and peppermint may raise levels).

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glancePartially disclosed formula with clinical evidence supporting its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product may help with lactose intolerance and possibly with indigestion, nausea, or irritable bowel syndrome, depending on the ingredient. However, it contains several herbs with notable medication interactions — especially ginger, which affects blood thinners, diabetes drugs, and how your liver processes many medications.

If you take any prescription medications, especially blood thinners, diabetes drugs, blood pressure medications, or anything metabolized by your liver, check with your pharmacist before starting this product.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 9 of 19 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Apr 26, 2012.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Digestion Super Potency Enzymes & Herbs, straight from the product label.

Brand Nutri-Essence
Barcode (UPC) 707636020326
Net contents 180 Vegetarian Capsule(s)
Market status Off market
Date entered into DSLD Apr 26, 2012
DSLD ID 7658
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Vegan, Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Digestion Super Potency Enzymes & Herbs by Nutri-Essence, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
1 Capsule(s)
UPC/BARCODE
707636020326
IngredientAmount% DV
Amylase10000 DU--
Protease25000 HUT--
Lipase200 LU--
Lactase400 ALU--
Cellulase350 CU--
Peptidase0 NP--
Invertase1 IAU--
Glucoamylase18 AGU--
Diastase275 DP--
Alpha-Galactosidase100 AGSU--
Xylanase1750 XU--
Pectinase10.5 Endo-PGU--
Acid Protease0 NP--
Caraway0 NP--
Plant-source n-zimes364 mg--
CereCalase Plus1155 MU--
Alkaline Protease0 NP--
Carbohydrate-Digesting Enzymes0 NP--
Protein-Digesting Enzymes0 NP--
Fiber-Digesting Enzymes0 NP--
Fat-Digesting Enzymes0 NP--
Herbal Digestive Support155 mg--
Gentian0 NP--
Ginger root extract0 NP--
Peppermint leaf extract0 NP--

Other ingredients: Cellulose, Plant, Water, Lecithin, Rice Bran

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements

Nutri-Essence(TM) Digestion - Super Potency Enzymes & Herbs is a 100% vegetarian supplement providing a more complete spectrum of n-zimes(TM), derived from plant sources to help maximize the digestion of all food groups, and a synergistic herbal blend for digestive support. The unique addition of CereCalase Plus(TM), a patent-pending enzyme blend, and Xylanase enhances the release of nutrients from grains, fruits, vegetables and herbs. The herbal blend consists of standardized herbal extracts precisely combined with finely ground herbs. A European commission of 16 physicians has approved these herbs for optimum digestion.*

Food Chemical Codex units (FCC)

Formulation

Contains no wheat, corn, soy or yeast protein, animal products, sweeteners, salt, preservatives, artificial colors or flavors.

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Directions: One or more capsules with each meal or snack.

Precautions

Use only if tamper-evident seal is unbroken.

Keep out of reach of children.

Note: If you have gastric/duodenal ulcers or irritation, consult a physician before using this product.

Storage

Store tightly closed in a cool, dry place.

Brand IP Statement(s)

n-zimes(TM) and CereCalase(TM) are trademarks of National Enzyme Company.

with patent-pending CereCalase Plus(TM)

FDA Disclaimer Statement

*These statements have not been evaluated by the food and drug administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, mitigate, cure or prevent any disease.

FDA Statement of Identity

Enzyme Supplement

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Digestion Super Potency Enzymes & Herbs by Nutri-Essence label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Digestion Super Potency Enzymes & Herbs label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Digestion Super Potency Enzymes & Herbs by Nutri-Essence

These are the 5 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Plant-source n-zimes

364 mg per serving
  • › Carbohydrate-Digesting Enzymes
  • › Protein-Digesting Enzymes
  • › Fiber-Digesting Enzymes
  • › Fat-Digesting Enzymes
  • › Herbal Digestive Support

Other (inactive) ingredients: Cellulose, Plant, Water, Lecithin, Rice Bran. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Digestion Super Potency Enzymes & Herbs by Nutri-Essence Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Digestion Super Potency Enzymes & Herbs?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
1,250Drugs
1,201 Moderate 49 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Digestion Super Potency Enzymes & Herbs interact with 1,250 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

0 of the 5 ingredients in Digestion Super Potency Enzymes & Herbs interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible.

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Digestion Super Potency Enzymes & Herbs with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Digestion Super Potency Enzymes & Herbs, from the product label.

Nutri-Essence

See all Nutri-Essence products
Name
Enzymes, Inc.
City
Parkville
State
MO
ZipCode
64152
Phone Number
800-647-6377
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Digestion Super Potency Enzymes & Herbs by Nutri-Essence: Common Questions

Does Digestion Super Potency Enzymes & Herbs by Nutri-Essence interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Digestion Super Potency Enzymes & Herbs has a known interaction with 1,250 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Digestion Super Potency Enzymes & Herbs contains 5 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is lactase in this product safe for me to use if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
Lactase is likely safe during pregnancy. During breastfeeding, safety data is limited, so ask your doctor or pharmacist first before taking it regularly.
Will this help my irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?
Peppermint leaf extract in this product is likely effective for IBS. However, this product contains multiple ingredients, and effectiveness varies — talk to your pharmacist about whether it's the right choice for your specific situation.
Can I take this if I'm pregnant and have nausea?
Ginger root extract is often used for pregnancy-related nausea and is generally used cautiously in moderate amounts, but you should check with your doctor first before starting any supplement during pregnancy.
What are the most common side effects I might notice?
The enzymes may cause digestive upset. Ginger can cause heartburn, diarrhea, nausea, and a burning sensation in the mouth or throat, especially at higher doses. Peppermint may cause abdominal pain, belching, or diarrhea.
Is this product safe to take while breastfeeding?
Peppermint leaf extract is likely safe, and lactase has limited data but acts only in the gut. Protease, lipase, caraway, and gentian are not recommended without medical advice due to limited safety data. Ask your doctor or pharmacist before starting.
Does ginger in this product really help with osteoarthritis?
Yes, ginger root extract is possibly effective for osteoarthritis according to the evidence we hold. However, ginger in this product also carries interaction risks with blood thinners and other medications, so confirm with your pharmacist that it's safe for you.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Digestion Super Potency Enzymes & Herbs is safe with your meds?

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Ask a pharmacist

Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Digestion Super Potency Enzymes & Herbs label
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Digestion Super Potency Enzymes & Herbs's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 126 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) 3 references
  1. Weeks JA, Harper RA, Simon RA, Burdick JD. Assessment of sensitization risk of a laundry pre-spotter containing protease. Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2011;30(4):272-9. PubMed
  2. Marquès LI, Lara S, Abós T, Bartolomé B. Occupational rhinitis due to pepsin. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2006;16(2):136-7. DOI
  3. Cartier A, Malo JL, Pineau L, Dolovich J. Occupational asthma due to pepsin. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1984;73(5 Pt 1):574-7. PubMed

See these in context on the Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) monograph →

Lipase 1 reference
  1. Casper C, Hascoet JM, Ertl T, et al. Recombinant bile salt-stimulated lipase in preterm infant feeding: A randomized phase 3 study. PLoS One. 2016;11(5):e0156071. PubMed

See these in context on the Lipase monograph →

Lactase 1 reference
  1. Laukkanen A, Ruoppi P, Remes S, Koistinen T, Mäkinen-Kiljunen S. Lactase-induced occupational protein contact dermatitis and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. Contact Dermatitis. 2007;57(2):89-93. PubMed

See these in context on the Lactase monograph →

Caraway 11 references
  1. Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
  2. May B, Kuntz HD, Kieser M, Kohler S. Efficacy of a fixed peppermint oil/caraway oil combination in non-ulcer dyspepsia. Arzneimittelforschung 1996;46:1149-53.
  3. Micklefield GH, Greving I, May B. Effects of peppermint oil and caraway oil on gastroduodenal motility. Phytother Res 2000;14:20-3. DOI
  4. Herb Info Canada. Caraway website. www.herb.plant.org/caraway.htm (Accessed 11 September 2000).
  5. May B, Kohler S, Schneider B. Efficacy and tolerability of a fixed combination of peppermint oil and caraway oil in patients suffering from functional dyspepsia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000;14:1671-7. PubMed
  6. Eddouks M, Lemhardri A, Michel JB. Caraway and caper: potential anti-hyperglycaemic plants in diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2004;94:143-8. PubMed
  7. Sachin BS, Monica P, Sharma SC, et al. Pharmacokinetic interaction of some antitubercular drugs with caraway: implications in the enhancement of drug bioavailability. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2009;28(4):175-84. PubMed
  8. Lahlou, S., Tahraoui, A., Israili, Z., and Lyoussi, B. Diuretic activity of the aqueous extracts of Carum carvi and Tanacetum vulgare in normal rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 4-4-2007;110(3):458-463. PubMed
  9. de Sousa, D. P., Farias Nobrega, F. F., and de Almeida, R. N. Influence of the chirality of (R)-(-)- and (S)-(+)-carvone in the central nervous system: a comparative study. Chirality 5-5-2007;19(4):264-268.
  10. Modu S, Gohla K Umar IA. The hypoglycaemic and hypocholrsterolaemic properties of black caraway (Carum carvi L.) oil in alloxan diabetic rats. Biokemistri (Nigeria) 1997;7:91-97.
  11. Rich G, Shah A, Koloski N, et al. A randomized placebo-controlled trial on the effects of Menthacarin, a proprietary peppermint- and caraway-oil-preparation, on symptoms and quality of life in patients with functional dyspepsia. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2 PubMed

See these in context on the Caraway monograph →

Gentian 5 references
  1. Neubauer N, Marz RW. Placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind, clincal trial with Sinupret sugar coated tablets on the basis of a therapy with antibiotics and decongestant nasal drops in acute sinusitis. Phytomedicine 1994;1:177-81.
  2. Marz RW, Ismail C, Popp MA. Action profile and efficacy of a herbal combination preparation for the treatment of sinusitis. Wien Med Wochenschr 1999;149:202-8.
  3. Uncini Manganelli RE, Chericoni S, Baragatti B. Ethnopharmacobotany in Tuscany: plants used as antihypertensives. Fitoterapia 2000;71:S95-100. PubMed
  4. Baragatti B, Calderone V, Testai L, et al. Vasodilator activity of crude methanolic extract of Gentiana kokiana Perr. et Song. (Gentianaceae). J Ethnopharmacol 2002;79:369-72. PubMed
  5. Sanatani M, Younus J, Stitt L, et al. Tolerability of the combination of ginger (Zingiber officinalis), gentian (Gentiana lutea) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) in patients with cancer-associated anorexia. J Complement Integr Med. 2015;12(1):57-60.

See these in context on the Gentian monograph →

Ginger 64 references
  1. Fischer-Rasmussen W, Kjaer SK, Dahl C, Asping U. Ginger treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1991;38:19-24. PubMed
  2. Jewell D, Young G. Interventions for nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000;(2):CD000145. PubMed
  3. Vutyavanich T, Kraisarin T, Ruangsri R. Ginger for nausea and vomiting in pregnancy: randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol 2001;97:577-82. DOI
  4. Backon J. Ginger in preventing nausea and vomiting of pregnancy; a caveat due to its thromboxane synthetase activity and effect on testosterone binding. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1991;42:163-4. PubMed
  5. Srivastava KC. Effect of onion and ginger consumption on platelet thromboxane production in humans. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 1989;35:183-5. PubMed
  6. Stewart JJ, Wood MJ, Wood CD, Mims ME. Effects of ginger on motion sickness susceptibility and gastric function. Pharmacology 1991;42:111-20. PubMed
  7. Smith C, Crowther C, Willson K, et al. A randomized controlled trial of ginger to treat nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2004;103:639-45. PubMed
  8. Portnoi G, Chng LA, Karimi-Tabesh L, et al. Prospective comparative study of the safety and effectiveness of ginger for the treatment of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003;189:1374-7.. PubMed
  9. Wigler I, Grotto I, Caspi D, Yaron M. The effects of Zintona EC (a ginger extract) on symptomatic gonarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2003;11:783-9. PubMed
  10. Ghayur MN, Gilani AH. Ginger lowers blood pressure through blockade of voltage-dependent calcium channels. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2005;45:74-80. PubMed
  11. Thomson M, Al-Qattan KK, Al-Sawan SM, et al. The use of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) as a potential anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic agent. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2002;67:475-8. PubMed
  12. Kanerva L, Estlander T, Jolanki R. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from spices. Contact Dermatitis 1996;35:157-62. PubMed
  13. Akhani SP, Vishwakarma SL, Goyal RK. Anti-diabetic activity of Zingiber officinale in streptozotocin-induced type I diabetic rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2004;56:101-5.
  14. Kruth P, Brosi E, Fux R, et al. Ginger-associated overanticoagulation by phenprocoumon. Ann Pharmacother 2004;38:257-60. PubMed
  15. Jiang X, Williams KM, Liauw WS, et al. Effect of ginkgo and ginger on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of warfarin in healthy subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2005;59:425-32. PubMed
  16. Borrelli F, Capasso R, Aviello G, et al. Effectiveness and safety of ginger in the treatment of pregnancy-induced nausea and vomiting. Obstet Gynecol 2005;105:849-56. PubMed
  17. Smith C, Crowther C, Wilson K et al. A randomized controlled trial of ginger to treat nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2004;103:639-45. PubMed
  18. Jiang X, Blair EY, McLachlan AJ. Investigation of the effects of herbal medicines on warfarin response in healthy subjects: a population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling approach. J Clin Pharmacol 2006;46:1370-8. PubMed
  19. Chittumma P, Kaewkiattikun K, Wiriyasiriwach B. Comparison of the effectiveness of ginger and vitamin B6 for treatment of nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy: a randomized double-blind controlled trial. J Med Assoc Thai 2007;90:15-20.
  20. Ozgoli G, Goli M, Moattar F. Comparison of effects of ginger, mefenamic acid, and ibuprofen on pain in women with primary dysmenorrhea. J Altern Complement Med 2009;15:129-32. PubMed
  21. Black CD, Herring MP, Hurley DJ, O'Connor PJ. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) reduces muscle pain caused by eccentric exercise. J Pain 2010;11:894-903. PubMed
  22. Heitmann K, Nordeng H, Holst L. Safety of ginger use in pregnancy: results from a large population-based cohort study. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2012 Jun 17. PubMed
  23. Ryan JL, Heckler CE, Roscoe JA, et al. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) reduces acute chemotherapy-induced nausea: a URCC CCOP study of 576 patients. Support Care Cancer. 2012;20:1479-89. PubMed
  24. Backon J. Ginger as an antiemetic: possible side effects due to its thromboxane synthetase activity. Anaesthesia. 1991;46(8):705-6.. PubMed
  25. Abebe W. Herbal medication: potential for adverse interactions with analgesic drugs. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2002;27:391-401. PubMed
  26. Argento A, Tiraferri E, Marzaloni M. [Oral anticoagulants and medicinal plants. An emerging interaction]. Ann Ital Med Int. 2000;15:139-43.
  27. Young HY, Liao JC, Chang YS, et al. Synergistic effect of ginger and nifedipine on human platelet aggregation: a study in hypertensive patients and normal volunteers. Am J Chin Med. 2006;34:545-51. PubMed
  28. Greenway FL, Liu Z, Martin CK, et al. Safety and efficacy of NT, an herbal supplement, in treating human obesity. Int J Obes (Lond). 2006;30:1737-41. PubMed
  29. Shalansky S, Lynd L, Richardson K, et al. Risk of warfarin-related bleeding events and supratherapeutic international normalized ratios associated with complementary and alternative medicine: a longitudinal analysis. Pharmacotherapy. 2007;27:1237-47. PubMed
  30. Lesho EP, Saullo L, Udvari-Nagy S. A 76-year-old woman with erratic anticoagulation. Cleve Clin J Med. 2004;71:651-6. PubMed
  31. Okonta JM, Uboh M, Obonga WO. Herb-Drug Interaction: A Case Study of Effect of Ginger on the Pharmacokinetic of Metronidazole in Rabbit. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (India) 2008;70(230):232. PubMed
  32. Chiang HM, Chao PD, Hsiu SL, et al. Ginger significantly decreased the oral bioavailability of cyclosporine in rats. Am J Chin Med. 2006;34:845-55. PubMed
  33. Bhandari U, Kanojia R, Pillai KK. Effect of ethanolic extract of Zingiber officinale on dyslipidaemia in diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2005;97:227-30. PubMed
  34. Ojewole JA. Analgesic, antiinflammatory and hypoglycaemic effects of ethanol extract of Zingiber officinale (Roscoe) rhizomes (Zingiberaceae) in mice and rats. Phytother Res. 2006;20:764-72.
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Peppermint 41 references
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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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