Digestive Enzyme Complex Ingredients & Drug Interactions
by Innerzyme
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Digestive Enzyme Complex against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Digestive Enzyme Complex is a dietary supplement by Innerzyme with 8 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for inflammation and swelling, sinus and nasal congestion, digestion support.Based on those ingredients, 141 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Bromelain, Papain. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Digestive Enzyme Complex by Innerzyme
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Digestive Enzyme Complex by Innerzyme
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Full disclosure
Innerzyme contains eight active ingredients: bromelain (from pineapple), papain (from papaya), amylase, protease, lipase, lactase, cellulase, and hemicellulase. These are digestive enzymes — proteins that break down food in your gut.
Bromelain and papain digest protein; amylase breaks down carbohydrates; lipase breaks down fat; lactase breaks down the sugar in milk; cellulase and hemicellulase break down plant fiber. The capsule also contains inactive ingredients like microcrystalline cellulose, rice bran, rice flour, magnesium stearate, and silicon dioxide.
Does it work?
Strong evidence
The evidence supporting most of these enzymes is limited. For bromelain, we hold insufficient reliable evidence for hay fever, burns, cancer, nerve damage from chemotherapy, poor circulation in the veins, and diabetes.
Papain's evidence is also insufficient for cancer, dental cavities, radiation skin damage, exercise muscle soreness, shingles, and intestinal parasites. Lipase has insufficient evidence for inflammatory bowel disease and indigestion.
Lactase is the exception — it's effective for lactose intolerance. Protease and the others don't have effectiveness ratings in our data.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Bromelain and papain are generally well tolerated short-term when taken by mouth, though both can cause digestive upset — diarrhea, gas, nausea, abdominal pain — and allergic reactions in sensitive people. Papain may irritate your digestive tract or trigger hives and itching.
High doses of papain are unsafe and have caused severe inflammation and perforation of the esophagus. Protease and lipase are also generally well tolerated but may cause digestive upset or allergic reactions.
Lactase is generally well tolerated and likely safe in pregnancy. For bromelain and papain, safety data in pregnancy advises against use — not enough is known about breastfeeding with bromelain or papain.
For protease and lipase, safety in pregnancy and breastfeeding hasn't been established; check with your doctor or pharmacist before using during these times.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Before taking Innerzyme, double-check with your doctor or pharmacist if you're on warfarin or any other blood thinner — papain can intensify its effects and raise bleeding risk. Also verify if you take anticoagulants or antiplatelet drugs like aspirin or clopidogrel, since bromelain may increase bleeding.
If you're on tetracycline antibiotics, bromelain may raise their levels. No other interactions are documented for the ingredients we could check.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with clinical evidence supporting its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Innerzyme is a multi-enzyme blend designed to aid digestion, but the evidence that it works is thin for most of its ingredients except lactase. If you take blood thinners, antiplatelet drugs, or tetracycline antibiotics, this product isn't for you without your doctor's approval — the bromelain and papain pose real interaction risks.
For otherwise healthy adults without those medications, it's generally well tolerated short-term, though digestive upset and allergic reactions can occur. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist before starting, especially if you're pregnant, breastfeeding, or taking any prescription medications.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 5 of 8 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Sep 25, 2015.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Digestive Enzyme Complex, straight from the product label.
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Digestive Enzyme Complex by Innerzyme, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Bromelain | 120 GDU | -- |
| Papain | 6000000 FCCPU | -- |
| Amylase | 400 DU | -- |
| Protease | 10 SAPU | -- |
| Lipase | 60 FCCLU | -- |
| Lactase | 20 ALU | -- |
| Cellulase | 10 CU | -- |
| Hemicellulase | 10 HCU | -- |
| Digestive Enzyme Blend | 0 NP | -- |
Other ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, Vegetable capsule, Rice Bran, Rice Flour, Magnesium Stearate, Silicon Dioxide
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Suggested Use: Take 2 capsules up to three times daily with meals.
Precautions
Note: If you have any health conditions or are taking any medications, consult your health care practitioner before using this product.
Keep out of reach of children.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place.
General Statements
Manufactured in an cGMP certified facility. Made in USA from domestic and foreign materials
1Gelatin Digesting Units; 2FCC Papain Units; 3Spectrophometic Acid Protease Units; 4Dextrinizing Units; 5FCC Lipase Units; 6Hemoglobin Units Tyrosine; 7Acid Lactase Units; 8Cellulase Units; 9Hemicellulase Units.
"For an Inner Body Experience"
Seals/Symbols
POST CONSUMER RECYCLED BOTTLE
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
General
P482
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Digestive Enzyme Complex by Innerzyme label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Digestive Enzyme Complex by Innerzyme
These are the 8 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size2 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container90 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Other (inactive) ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, Vegetable capsule, Rice Bran, Rice Flour, Magnesium Stearate, Silicon Dioxide. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Digestive Enzyme Complex by Innerzyme Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Innerzyme Digestive Enzyme Complex has documented interactions with medications through its bromelain and papain content.
The most serious concern is papain's interaction with warfarin (Coumadin), a blood thinner — papain may increase warfarin's effects and raise your bleeding risk. One case reported a patient's blood-thinning level spiking dangerously after taking a papain-containing supplement.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Bromelain, another active ingredient, may increase bleeding risk if you're on anticoagulants (blood thinners) or antiplatelet drugs like aspirin. There's a case report of minor bruising in someone taking bromelain with naproxen.
Bromelain may also theoretically raise levels of tetracycline antibiotics, though a study in healthy adults found no real difference.
We could not check amylase, cellulase, and hemicellulase for interactions — no data is on file for these ingredients. Altogether, these interactions span 141 individual medications.
Before you start this product, run through your exact medications with the search tool on this page or check with your doctor or pharmacist, especially if you take any blood thinners, antiplatelet drugs, or tetracycline antibiotics.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Digestive Enzyme Complex?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Digestive Enzyme Complex interact with 141 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
2 of the 8 ingredients in Digestive Enzyme Complex interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Bromelain Papain
Naproxen SodiumMidol Extended Relief
How Naproxen Sodium interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Naproxen Sodium interactionNaproxen, PseudoephedrineAleve Cold and Sinus
How Naproxen, Pseudoephedrine interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Naproxen, Pseudoephedrine interactionNaproxen, SumatriptanTreximet
How Naproxen, Sumatriptan interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Naproxen, Sumatriptan interactionNintedanib EsylateOfev
How Nintedanib Esylate interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Nintedanib Esylate interactionNusinersen SodiumSpinraza
How Nusinersen Sodium interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Nusinersen Sodium interactionOmega-3 Fatty Acids (prescription Drug)Lovaza
How Omega-3 Fatty Acids (prescription Drug) interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Omega-3 Fatty Acids (prescription Drug) interactionPazopanibVotrient
How Pazopanib interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Pazopanib interactionPentoxifyllineTrental
How Pentoxifylline interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Pentoxifylline interactionPhenprocoumonLiquamar
How Phenprocoumon interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Phenprocoumon interactionPiroxicamFeldene, Feldene Gel
How Piroxicam interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Piroxicam interactionRivaroxabanXarelto
How Rivaroxaban interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Rivaroxaban interactionSelexipagUptravi
How Selexipag interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Selexipag interactionSelumetinib SulfateKoselugo
How Selumetinib Sulfate interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Selumetinib Sulfate interactionSorafenibNexavar
How Sorafenib interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Sorafenib interactionStreptokinaseKabikinase, Streptase
How Streptokinase interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Streptokinase interactionTenecteplaseTNKase
How Tenecteplase interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Tenecteplase interactionTicagrelorBrilinta
How Ticagrelor interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Ticagrelor interactionTiclopidineTiclid, Ticlopidine
How Ticlopidine interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Ticlopidine interactionTinzaparinInnohep
How Tinzaparin interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Tinzaparin interactionTirofibanAggrastat
How Tirofiban interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Tirofiban interactionTivozanib HydrochlorideFotivda
How Tivozanib Hydrochloride interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Tivozanib Hydrochloride interactionTreprostinil
How Treprostinil interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Treprostinil interactionTreprostinil (iv)Remodulin
How Treprostinil (iv) interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Treprostinil (iv) interactionTreprostinil (inh)Tyvaso
How Treprostinil (inh) interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Treprostinil (inh) interactionTreprostinil (oral)Orenitram, Remodulin
How Treprostinil (oral) interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Treprostinil (oral) interactionUrokinaseAbbokinase
How Urokinase interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Urokinase interactionVorapaxarZontivity
How Vorapaxar interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Vorapaxar interactionWarfarinWarfarin
How Warfarin interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PapainWarfarin (coumadin) Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, papain might increase the effects and side effects of warfarin.
Read the full Papain + Warfarin interactionBromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Warfarin interactionWarfarin SodiumCoumadin, Panwarfin, Sofarin
How Warfarin Sodium interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PapainWarfarin (coumadin) Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, papain might increase the effects and side effects of warfarin.
Read the full Papain + Warfarin Sodium interactionBromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Warfarin Sodium interactionAnistreplase, ApsacEminase
How Anistreplase, Apsac interacts with Digestive Enzyme Complex — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
BromelainAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Bromelain + Anistreplase, Apsac interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Digestive Enzyme Complex with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Bromelain
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
There is one case report of a patient experiencing minor bruising while taking bromelain with naproxen. Bromelain is thought to have antiplatelet activity. Whether this interaction is of concern with topical bromelain is unclear. Interference with coagulation of burn wounds has been reported in a patient receiving bromelain-based enzymatic debridement. However, observational research has found that topical bromelain debridement is not associated with increases or decreases in laboratory markers of coagulation when compared with surgical debridement.
Tetracycline Antibiotics
Theoretically, bromelain might increase levels of tetracycline antibiotics.
Laboratory research suggests that bromelain might increase the absorption of tetracycline antibiotics. However, a study in healthy adults reported no difference in tetracycline plasma levels when a 500 mg dose was taken with or without bromelain 80 mg.
Papain
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Theoretically, papain might increase the effects and side effects of warfarin.
In one case report, a patient previously stable on warfarin was found to have an international normalization ratio (INR) of 7.4, which was attributed to ingestion of a supplement containing papain from papaya extract.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Digestive Enzyme Complex, from the product label.
Innerzyme
See all Innerzyme products- Name
- Innerzyme
- Street Address
- PO Box 26465
- City
- Scottsdale
- State
- AZ
- ZipCode
- 85255
- Web Address
- www.innerzyme.com
Digestive Enzyme Complex by Innerzyme: Common Questions
Does Digestive Enzyme Complex by Innerzyme interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Where does this information come from?
What are digestive enzymes and what do they do?
Is this product safe if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
What side effects might I experience?
Can I take this if I'm on a blood thinner?
Does this product actually work for digestion?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if Digestive Enzyme Complex is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Digestive Enzyme Complex’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Bromelain
Interacts with 141 drugsBromelain is a group of protein-digesting enzymes from pineapple that people take mainly for inflammation, swelling, and sinus problems. Some early studies are promising, but the overall evi...
Read the full Bromelain monograph → Herb & supplement monographPapain
Interacts with 2 drugsPapain is a protein-digesting enzyme from the papaya plant that is used in digestive supplements and some topical products. While it has clear food and laboratory uses, strong human evidence...
Read the full Papain monograph → Herb & supplement monographProteolytic Enzymes (proteases)
Proteolytic enzymes are proteins that help break down other proteins, and common examples include bromelain (from pineapple), papain (from papaya), trypsin, chymotrypsin, and pancreatin. Peo...
Read the full Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) monograph → Herb & supplement monographLipase
Lipase is a digestive enzyme that helps your body break down dietary fats. It is well established as part of prescription pancreatic enzyme therapy for people who cannot make enough of their...
Read the full Lipase monograph → Herb & supplement monographLactase
Lactase is a digestive enzyme supplement that helps people who lack enough natural lactase break down lactose, the sugar in milk and dairy. It can reduce gas, bloating, cramping, and diarrhe...
Read the full Lactase monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Digestive Enzyme Complex's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 35 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Bromelain 19 references
- Nettis E, Napoli G, Ferrannini A, Tursi A. IgE-mediated allergy to bromelain. Allergy 2001;56:257-8. PubMed
- Taussig SJ, Batkin S. Bromelain, the enzyme complex of pineapple (Ananas comosus) and its clinical application. An update. J Ethnopharmacol 1988;22:191-203.. PubMed
- Bradbrook ID, Morrison PJ, Rogers HJ. The effect of bromelain on the absorption of orally administered tetracycline. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1978;6:552-4. PubMed
- Bush TM, Rayburn KS, Holloway SW, et al. Adverse interactions between herbal and dietary substances and prescription medications: a clinical survey. Altern Ther Health Med 2007;13:30-5.
- Brien S, Lewith G, Walker AF, et al. Bromelain as an adjunctive treatment for moderate-to-severe osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized placebo-controlled pilot study. QJM 2006;99:841-50. PubMed
- Mori S, Ojima Y, Hirose T, et al. The clinical effect of proteolytic enzyme containing bromelain and trypsin on urinary tract infection evaluated by double blind method. Acta Obstet Gynaecol Jpn 1972;19:147-53.
- Glaser D, Hilberg T. The influence of bromelain on platelet count and platelet activity in vitro. Platelets 2006;17:37-41. PubMed
- Heinicke R M, van der Wal L, Yokoyama M. Effect of bromelain (Ananase) on human platelet aggregation. Experientia 1972;28:844-5. PubMed
- Gailhofer, G., Wilders-Truschnig, M., Smolle, J., and Ludvan, M. Asthma caused by bromelain: an occupational allergy. Clin Allergy 1988;18(5):445-450. PubMed
- Mattei, O., Fabri, G., and Farina, G. [Occupational health experience regarding four cases of asthma due to bromelain (author's transl)]. Medicina del Lavoro 1979;70(5):404-409.
- Galleguillos, F. and Rodriguez, J. C. Asthma caused by bromelin inhalation. Clin Allergy 1978;8(1):21-24. PubMed
- Perez-Camo I, Quirce S, Duran MA, and et al. Latex allergy: evidence of cross-reactivity with papain and bromelain [abstract]. Allergy 1996;51(suppl 31):48.
- Martin GJ, Ehrenreich J, and Asbell N. Bromelain: pineapple proteases with anti-edema activity. Exp Med Surg 1962;20:227-247.
- Kasemsuk T, Saengpetch N, Sibmooh N, Unchern S. Improved WOMAC score following 16-week treatment with bromelain for knee osteoarthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 2016 Oct;35(10):2531-40. PubMed
- Kutlu Ö, DemirbaS A, Elmas ÖF, Güvenç U, Metin A. Fixed drug eruption: a new side effect of bromelain. Contact Dermatitis 2020. Online ahead of print. PubMed
- Shoham Y, Shapira E, Haik J, et al. Bromelain-based enzymatic debridement of chronic wounds: Results of a multicentre randomized controlled trial. Wound Repair Regen 2021;29(6):899-907. PubMed
- Pfister P, Garcia Wendel PD, Kim BS, et al. Coagulation side effects of enzymatic debridement in burned patients. Burns 2022. PubMed
- Hasham S, Riyat H, Fletcher A, O'Boyle CP, Alexander S. To bleed or not to bleed? Case series and discussion of haemorrhage risk with enzymatic debridement in burn injuries. Scars Burn Heal 2023;9:20595131231168333. PubMed
- Leelakanok N, Petchsomrit A, Janurai T, Saechan C, Sunsandee N. Efficacy and safety of bromelain: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Health 2023. PubMed
Papain 11 references
- The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
- Shaw D, Leon C, Kolev S, Murray V. Traditional remedies and food supplements: a 5-year toxicological study (1991-1995). Drug Saf 1997;17:342-56.
- Shuttleworth D, Hill S, Marks R, Connelly DM. Relief of experimentally induced pruritus with a novel eutectic mixture of local anaesthetic agents. Br J Dermatol 1988;119:535-40.
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Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) 3 references
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See these in context on the Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) monograph →
Lipase 1 reference
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Lactase 1 reference
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