GW-15 Grape Ingredients & Drug Interactions
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking GW-15 Grape against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
GW-15 Grape is a dietary supplement by Dark Label Nutrition with 1 active ingredient.Based on those ingredients, 168 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against GW-15 Grape by Dark Label Nutrition
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with GW-15 Grape by Dark Label Nutrition — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
Ask the Pharmacist
A licensed pharmacist will answer your question by email — free, usually within 24 hours.
Got it — thank you!
A licensed pharmacist will answer within 24 hours. Keep an eye on your email (worth checking spam, just in case).
HelloPharmacist Scorecard of GW-15 Grape by Dark Label Nutrition
Four independent checks of what is known — a summary of the available information, not a grade of the product itself.
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
The stated purpose hasn't been mapped to our evidence data yet.
Why this rating?
- We haven't mapped this product's purpose to our evidence data yet — it'll be graded on the next content refresh.
Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.
Why this rating?
- The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 5 active ingredients.
- “GW-501516” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label gives one combined amount (20 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.
- “RRDS Technology” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label doesn't break down how much of each component you get.
At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.
Why this rating?
- 1 of the 2 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Calcium.
- The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
- Some involve high-stakes drug classes: heart-rhythm medications; lithium.
- For scale: 168 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.
Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.
Why this rating?
- We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 2 of the 2 matched ingredients.
- Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 2 of 2.
- General safety write-ups exist for 2 of 2.
- Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.
HelloPharmacist summaryFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with no assessable stated purpose. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Assessment coverage: 2 of 5 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Dec 22, 2019.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about GW-15 Grape, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Dark Label Nutrition |
|---|---|
| Net contents | 30 Sublingual Tablet(s) |
| Market status | Off market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Dec 22, 2019 |
| DSLD ID | 209910 |
| Product type | Other Combinations |
| Supplement form | Tablet Or Pill |
| Dietary claims / uses | No Claim |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult (18 - 50 Years) |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for GW-15 Grape by Dark Label Nutrition, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Microcrystalline Cellulose | 0 NP | -- |
| Xylitol | 0 NP | -- |
| Crospovidone | 0 NP | -- |
| GW-501516 | 20 mg | -- |
| RRDS Technology | 0 NP | -- |
| D-Mannitol | 0 NP | -- |
| Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous | 0 NP | -- |
Other ingredients: Artificial flavors, Artificial sweetener, Silicon Dioxide, Magnesium Stearate
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements
Sub tabs
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
GW-15 Grape by Dark Label Nutrition label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in GW-15 Grape by Dark Label Nutrition
This is the 1 active ingredient this product is made of. Select it to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 Sublingual Tablet(s) Dosage formTablet Or Pill Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.
GW-501516
- › RRDS Technology
Other (inactive) ingredients: Artificial flavors, Artificial sweetener, Silicon Dioxide, Magnesium Stearate. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
GW-15 Grape by Dark Label Nutrition Drug Interactions
GW-15 Grape contains a single active ingredient, and it has known interactions with 168 medications. Here’s the picture, then you can look up your own drug.
Want to check YOUR meds against GW-15 Grape?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in GW-15 Grape interact with 168 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
0 of the 1 ingredient in GW-15 Grape interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible.
Bendroflumethiazide, PotassiumCentyl K, Neo-NaClex-K
How Bendroflumethiazide, Potassium interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousThiazide Diuretics Moderate
Interaction Summary
Taking calcium along with thiazides might increase the risk of hypercalcemia and renal failure.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Bendroflumethiazide, Potassium interactionBendroflumethiazide, Rauwolfia SerpentinaRauzide
How Bendroflumethiazide, Rauwolfia Serpentina interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousThiazide Diuretics Moderate
Interaction Summary
Taking calcium along with thiazides might increase the risk of hypercalcemia and renal failure.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Bendroflumethiazide, Rauwolfia Serpentina interactionBenzthiazideExna
How Benzthiazide interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousThiazide Diuretics Moderate
Interaction Summary
Taking calcium along with thiazides might increase the risk of hypercalcemia and renal failure.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Benzthiazide interactionBetamethasone Dipropionate, CalcipotrieneEnstilar, Wynzora
How Betamethasone Dipropionate, Calcipotriene interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousCalcipotriene (dovonex) Moderate
Interaction Summary
Taking calcipotriene with calcium might increase the risk for hypercalcemia.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Betamethasone Dipropionate, Calcipotriene interactionBictegravir, Emtricitabine, Tenofovir AlafenamideBiktarvy
How Bictegravir, Emtricitabine, Tenofovir Alafenamide interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousBictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir Alafenamide (biktarvy) Moderate
Interaction Summary
Calcium might decrease levels of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide by reducing its absorption when taken in a fasting state.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Bictegravir, Emtricitabine, Tenofovir Alafenamide interactionBismuth Subsalicylate, Metronidazole, TetracyclineHelidac
How Bismuth Subsalicylate, Metronidazole, Tetracycline interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousTetracycline Antibiotics Moderate
Interaction Summary
Calcium seems to reduce the absorption of tetracycline antibiotics.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Bismuth Subsalicylate, Metronidazole, Tetracycline interactionBisoprolol, HydrochlorothiazideZiac
How Bisoprolol, Hydrochlorothiazide interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousThiazide Diuretics Moderate
Interaction Summary
Taking calcium along with thiazides might increase the risk of hypercalcemia and renal failure.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Bisoprolol, Hydrochlorothiazide interactionCalcipotrieneDovonex
How Calcipotriene interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousCalcipotriene (dovonex) Moderate
Interaction Summary
Taking calcipotriene with calcium might increase the risk for hypercalcemia.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Calcipotriene interactionCandesartan Cilexetil, HydrochlorothiazideAtacand HCT
How Candesartan Cilexetil, Hydrochlorothiazide interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousThiazide Diuretics Moderate
Interaction Summary
Taking calcium along with thiazides might increase the risk of hypercalcemia and renal failure.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Candesartan Cilexetil, Hydrochlorothiazide interactionCaptopril, HydrochlorothiazideAcezide, Capozide
How Captopril, Hydrochlorothiazide interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousThiazide Diuretics Moderate
Interaction Summary
Taking calcium along with thiazides might increase the risk of hypercalcemia and renal failure.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Captopril, Hydrochlorothiazide interactionChlorothiazideDiuril
How Chlorothiazide interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousThiazide Diuretics Moderate
Interaction Summary
Taking calcium along with thiazides might increase the risk of hypercalcemia and renal failure.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Chlorothiazide interactionChlorothiazide, MethyldopaAldochlor, Aldoclor 150, Aldoclor 250
How Chlorothiazide, Methyldopa interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousThiazide Diuretics Moderate
Interaction Summary
Taking calcium along with thiazides might increase the risk of hypercalcemia and renal failure.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Chlorothiazide, Methyldopa interactionChlorothiazide, ReserpineDiupres
How Chlorothiazide, Reserpine interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousThiazide Diuretics Moderate
Interaction Summary
Taking calcium along with thiazides might increase the risk of hypercalcemia and renal failure.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Chlorothiazide, Reserpine interactionChlortetracyclineAureomycin
How Chlortetracycline interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousTetracycline Antibiotics Moderate
Interaction Summary
Calcium seems to reduce the absorption of tetracycline antibiotics.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Chlortetracycline interactionChlorthalidoneHygroton, Thalitone
How Chlorthalidone interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousThiazide Diuretics Moderate
Interaction Summary
Taking calcium along with thiazides might increase the risk of hypercalcemia and renal failure.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Chlorthalidone interactionChlorthalidone, ClonidineClorpres, Combipres
How Chlorthalidone, Clonidine interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousThiazide Diuretics Moderate
Interaction Summary
Taking calcium along with thiazides might increase the risk of hypercalcemia and renal failure.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Chlorthalidone, Clonidine interactionCinoxacinCinobac
How Cinoxacin interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousQuinolone Antibiotics Moderate
Interaction Summary
Calcium seems to reduce the absorption of quinolone antibiotics.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Cinoxacin interactionCiprofloxacinCiloxan, Cipro, Cipro IV, Cipro XR, Ciprobay, Otiprio
How Ciprofloxacin interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousQuinolone Antibiotics Moderate
Interaction Summary
Calcium seems to reduce the absorption of quinolone antibiotics.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Ciprofloxacin interactionClinafloxacinClinafloxacin
How Clinafloxacin interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousQuinolone Antibiotics Moderate
Interaction Summary
Calcium seems to reduce the absorption of quinolone antibiotics.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Clinafloxacin interactionCryptenamine, MethyclothiazideDiutensen
How Cryptenamine, Methyclothiazide interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousThiazide Diuretics Moderate
Interaction Summary
Taking calcium along with thiazides might increase the risk of hypercalcemia and renal failure.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Cryptenamine, Methyclothiazide interactionCyclothiazideAnhydron, Fluidil
How Cyclothiazide interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousThiazide Diuretics Moderate
Interaction Summary
Taking calcium along with thiazides might increase the risk of hypercalcemia and renal failure.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Cyclothiazide interactionDarunavir, Cobicistat, Emtricitabine, Tenofovir AlafenamideSymtuza
How Darunavir, Cobicistat, Emtricitabine, Tenofovir Alafenamide interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousBictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir Alafenamide (biktarvy) Moderate
Interaction Summary
Calcium might decrease levels of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide by reducing its absorption when taken in a fasting state.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Darunavir, Cobicistat, Emtricitabine, Tenofovir Alafenamide interactionDemeclocyclineDeclomycin
How Demeclocycline interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousTetracycline Antibiotics Moderate
Interaction Summary
Calcium seems to reduce the absorption of tetracycline antibiotics.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Demeclocycline interactionDeserpidine, HydrochlorothiazideOreticyl, Oreticyl Forte
How Deserpidine, Hydrochlorothiazide interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousThiazide Diuretics Moderate
Interaction Summary
Taking calcium along with thiazides might increase the risk of hypercalcemia and renal failure.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Deserpidine, Hydrochlorothiazide interactionDeserpidine, MethyclothiazideEnduronyl, Enduronyl Forte
How Deserpidine, Methyclothiazide interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousThiazide Diuretics Moderate
Interaction Summary
Taking calcium along with thiazides might increase the risk of hypercalcemia and renal failure.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Deserpidine, Methyclothiazide interactionDigoxinDigitek, Lanoxicaps, Lanoxin
How Digoxin interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousDigoxin (lanoxin) Moderate
Interaction Summary
Using intravenous calcium with digoxin might increase the risk of fatal cardiac arrhythmias.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Digoxin interactionDihydroxyaluminum Sodium CarbonateRolaids
How Dihydroxyaluminum Sodium Carbonate interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousAluminum Moderate
Interaction Summary
Calcium citrate might increase aluminum absorption and toxicity.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Dihydroxyaluminum Sodium Carbonate interactionDiltiazemAdizem-SR, Adizem-XL, Angitil SR, Angitil XL, Calcicard CR, Cardizem +23 more
How Diltiazem interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousCalcium Channel Blockers, Diltiazem (cardizem, Others) Moderate
Interaction Summary
Intravenous calcium may decrease the effects of calcium channel blockers; oral calcium is unlikely to have this effect.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Diltiazem interactionDiltiazem, EnalaprilTeczem
How Diltiazem, Enalapril interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousCalcium Channel Blockers, Diltiazem (cardizem, Others) Moderate
Interaction Summary
Intravenous calcium may decrease the effects of calcium channel blockers; oral calcium is unlikely to have this effect.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Diltiazem, Enalapril interactionDoripenemDoribax
How Doripenem interacts with GW-15 Grape — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Dibasic Calcium Phosphate AnhydrousQuinolone Antibiotics, Tetracycline Antibiotics Moderate
Interaction Summary
Calcium seems to reduce the absorption of quinolone antibiotics.
Read the full Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Anhydrous + Doripenem interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in GW-15 Grape with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for GW-15 Grape, from the product label.
GW-15 Grape by Dark Label Nutrition: Common Questions
Does GW-15 Grape by Dark Label Nutrition interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Where does this information come from?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if GW-15 Grape is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
Sources & How We Checked
GW-15 Grape's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 69 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Xylitol 7 references
- Martindale W. Martindale the Extra Pharmacopoeia. Pharmaceutical Press, 1999.
- Weissman JD, Fernandez F, Hwang PH. Xylitol nasal irrigation in the management of chronic rhinosinusitis: a pilot study. Laryngoscope 2011;121:2468-72. PubMed
- Okamoto K, Kagami M, Kawai M, et al. Anaphylaxis to xylitol diagnosed by skin prick test and basophil activation test. Allergol Int. 2019;68(1):130-131. PubMed
- Rabago D, Kille T, Mundt M, Obasi C. Results of a RCT assessing saline and xylitol nasal irrigation for CRS and fatigue in Gulf War illness. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2020;5(4):613-620.
- Wołyniec W, Szwarc A, Kasprowicz K, et al. Impact of hydration with beverages containing free sugars or xylitol on metabolic and acute kidney injury markers after physical exercise. Front Physiol 2022;13:841056. PubMed
- Bordier V, Teysseire F, Drewe J, et al. Effects of a 5-week intake of erythritol and xylitol on vascular function, abdominal fat and glucose tolerance in humans with obesity: a pilot trial. BMJ Nutr Prev Health 2023;6(2):264-272. PubMed
- Margulis I, Cohen-Kerem R, Stein N, et al. Xylitol nasal spray for prevention of recurrent acute otitis media in children: A prospective two-center cohort study. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2024;176:111818. PubMed
Calcium 62 references
- Shils M, Olson A, Shike M. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lea and Febiger, 1994.
- Hernandez-Avila M, Gonzalez-Cossio T, Hernandez-Avila JE, et al. Dietary calcium supplements to lower blood lead levels in lactating women: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Epidemiology 2003;14:206-12.. PubMed
- Thys-Jacobs S, Ceccarelli S, Bierman A, et al. Calcium supplementation in premenstrual syndrome: a randomized crossover trial. J Gen Intern Med 1989;4:183-9. PubMed
- Maton PN, Burton ME. Antacids revisited: a review of their clinical pharmacology and recommended therapeutic use. Drugs 1999;57:855-70.
- Clemens JD, Feinstein AR. Calcium carbonate and constipation: a historical review of medical mythopoeia. Gastroenterology 1977;72:957-61. DOI
- Saunders D, Sillery J, Chapman R. Effect of calcium carbonate and aluminum hydroxide on human intestinal function. Dig Dis Sci 1988;33:409-13. PubMed
- Friedman PA, Bushinsky DA. Diuretic effects on calcium metabolism. Semin Nephrol 1999;19:551-6.
- Koo WK, Walters JC, Esterlitz J, et al. Maternal calcium supplementation and fetal bone mineralization. Obstet Gynecol 1999;94:577-82. DOI
- Raman L, Rajalakshmi K, Krishnamachari KAVR, et al. Effect of calcium supplementation to undernourished mothers during pregnancy on the bone density of the neonates. Am J Clin Nutr 1978; 31:466-9. DOI
- Murry JJ, Healy MD. Drug-mineral interactions: a new responsibility for the hospital dietician. J Am Diet Assoc 1991;91:66-73.
- Chan JM, Giovannucci E, Andersson SO, et al. Dairy products, calcium, phosphorous, vitamin D, and risk of prostate cancer. Cancer Causes Control 1998;9:559-66.
- Butner LE, Fulco PP, Feldman G, et al. Calcium carbonate-induced hypothyroidism. Ann Intern Med 2000:132:595. PubMed
- Schneyer CR. Calcium carbonate and reduction of levothyroxine efficacy. JAMA 1998;279:750. PubMed
- Moser LR, Smythe MA, Tisdale JE. The use of calcium salts in the prevention and management of verapamil-induced hypotension. Ann Pharmacother 2000;34:622-9. PubMed
- Singh N, Singh PN, Hershman JM. Effect of calcium carbonate on the absorption of levothyroxine. JAMA 2000;283:2822-5. PubMed
- Kahela P, Anttila M, Tikkanen R, Sundquist H. Effect of food, food constituents and fluid volume on the bioavailability of sotalol. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh) 1979;44:7-12.. PubMed
- Pletz MW, Petzold P, Allen A, et al. Effect of calcium carbonate on bioavailability of orally administered gemifloxacin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2003;47:2158-60.. PubMed
- Bar-Or D, Yoel G. Calcium and calciferol antagonize effect of verapamil in atrial fibrillation. Br Med J 1981;282:1585-6.
- Decktor DL, Robinson M, Maton PN, et al. Effects of aluminum/magnesium hydroxide and calcium carbonate on esophageal and gastric pH in subjects with heartburn. Am J Ther 1995;2:546-52. PubMed
- Simoneau G. Absence of rebound effect with calcium carbonate. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 1996;21:351-7. PubMed
- Peters ML, Leonard M, Licata AA. Role of alendronate and risedronate in preventing and treating osteoporosis. Cleve Clin J Med 2001;68:945-51. PubMed
- Bourke JF, Mumford R, Whittaker P, et al. The effects of topical calcipotriol on systemic calcium homeostasis in patients with chronic plaque psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol 1997;37:929-34.
- Gueguen L, Pointillart A. The bioavailability of dietary calcium. J Am Coll Nutr 2000;19:119s-136s. PubMed
- Vella A, Gerber TC, Hayes DL, Reeder GS. Digoxin, hypercalcaemia, and cardiac conduction. Postgrad Med J 1999;75:554-6. PubMed
- Bania TC, Blaufeux B, Hughes S, et al. Calcium and digoxin vs. calcium alone for severe verapamil toxicity. Acad Emerg Med 2000;7:1089-96. PubMed
- Tseng M, Breslow RA, Graubard BI, Ziegler RG. Dairy, calcium, and vitamin D intakes and prostate cancer risk in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Epidemiologic Follow-up Study cohort. Am J Clin Nutr 2005;81:1147-54. PubMed
- Weingarten MA, Zalmanovici A, Yaphe J. Dietary calcium supplementation for preventing colorectal cancer and adenomatous polyps. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004;(1):CD003548. PubMed
- Tavani A, Bertuccio P, Bosetti C, et al. Dietary intake of calcium, vitamin D, phosphorus and the risk of prostate cancer. Eur Urol 2005;48:27-33. PubMed
- Giovannucci E, Liu Y, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC. A prospective study of calcium intake and incident and fatal prostate cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006;15:203-10. PubMed
- Rocephin (ceftriaxone) and calcium interaction. Pharmacist's Letter / Prescriber's Letter 2007;23(10):231005.
- Bolland MJ, Barber PA, Doughty RN, et al. Vascular events in healthy older women receiving calcium supplementation: randomised control trial. BMJ 2008;336:262-6.
- Bolland MJ, Avenell A, Baron JA, et al. Effect of calcium supplements on risk of myocardial infarction and cardiovascular events: meta-analysis. BMJ 2010;341:c3691. PubMed
- Calcium supplementation and vascular events. Pharmacist's Letter / Prescriber's Letter 2008;24(3):240306.
- Dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D. Institute of Medicine, November 30, 2010. Available at: http://www.iom.edu/~/media/Files/Report%20Files/2010/Dietary-Reference-Intakes-for-Calcium-and-Vitamin-D/Vitamin%20D%20and%20Calcium%202010%20Repo
- Coburn JW, Mischel MG, Goodman WG, et al. Calcium citrate markedly enhances aluminum absorption from aluminum hydroxide. Am J Kidney Dis. 1991;17(6):708-11. PubMed
- Bradley JS, Wassel RT, Lee L, et al. Intravenous ceftriaxone and calcium in the neonate: assessing the risk for cardiopulmonary adverse events. Pediatrics. 2009;123(4):e609-13. PubMed
- Kays MB, Overholser BR, Mueller BA, et al. Effects of sevelamer hydrochloride and calcium acetate on the oral bioavailability of ciprofloxacin. Am J Kidney Dis. 2003;42(6):1253-9. PubMed
- Neuhofel, A. L., Wilton, J. H., Victory, J. M., Hejmanowsk, L. G., and Amsden, G. W. Lack of bioequivalence of ciprofloxacin when administered with calcium-fortified orange juice: a new twist on an old interaction. J Clin Pharmacol. 2002;42(4):461-466. DOI
- Dickinson, H. O., Nicolson, D. J., Cook, J. V., Campbell, F., Beyer, F. R., Ford, G. A., and Mason, J. Calcium supplementation for the management of primary hypertension in adults. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2006;(2):CD004639. PubMed
- Jones, B. J. and Twomey, P. J. Requesting patterns for serum calcium concentration in patients on long-term lithium therapy. Int J Clin Pract. 2009;63(1):170-172. PubMed
- Levine, M., Nikkanen, H., and Pallin, D. J. The effects of intravenous calcium in patients with digoxin toxicity. J Emerg.Med. 2011;40(1):41-46. PubMed
- Castelo-Branco, C., Ciria-Recasens, M., Cancelo-Hidalgo, M. J., Palacios, S., Haya-Palazuelos, J., Carbonell-Abello, J., Blanch-Rubio, J., Martinez-Zapata, M. J., Manasanch, J., and Perez-Edo, L. Efficacy of ossein-hydroxyapatite complex compared with ca
- Li K, Kaaks R, Linseisen J, Rohrmann S. Associations of dietary calcium intake and calcium supplementation with myocardial infarction and stroke risk and overall cardiovascular mortality in the Heidelberg cohort of the European Prospective Investigation i
- Chung M, Tang AM, Fu Z. Calcium Intake and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2016 Oct 25. PubMed
- Nolan CR, Califano JR, Butzin CA. Influence of calcium acetate or calcium citrate on intestinal aluminum absorption. Kidney Int. 1990;38(5):937-41. PubMed
- Lewis JR, Radavelli-Bagatini S, Rejnmark L, et al. The effects of calcium supplementation on verified coronary heart disease hospitalization and death in postmenopausal women: a collaborative meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Bone Miner Res PubMed
- Jalloh MA, Gregory PJ, Hein D, et al. Dietary supplement interactions with antiretrovirals: a systematic review. Int J STD AIDS. 2017 Jan;28(1):4-15. PubMed
- Lappe J, Watson P, Travers-Gustafson D, Recker R, Garland C, Gorham E, Baggerly K, McDonnell SL. Effect of Vitamin D and Calcium Supplementation on Cancer Incidence in Older Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2017 Mar 28;317(12):1234-1243. PubMed
- Grove ML, Cook D. Calcium and heart attacks. Doesn't apply to most calcium prescriptions. BMJ. 2010;341:c5003. PubMed
- Insentress [package insert]. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.; 2014.
- Roberts JL, Kiser JJ, Hindman JT, Meditz AL. Virologic failure with a raltegravir-containing antiretroviral regimen and concomitant calcium administration. Pharmacotherapy 2011;31(10):298e-302e. DOI
- Vitekta [package insert]. Foster City, CA: Gilead Sciences, Inc.; 2014.
- Storan ER, O'Gorman SM, Murphy A, Laing M. Case Report of Calciphylaxis Secondary to Calcium and Vitamin D<sub>3</sub> Supplementation. J Cutan Med Surg. 2017;21(2):162-163. DOI
- Jenkins DJA, Spence JD, Giovannucci EL, et al. Supplemental vitamins and minerals for CVD prevention and treatment. J Am Coll Cardiol 2018;71(22):2570-84. PubMed
- Borkenhagen JF, Connor EL, Stafstrom CE. Neonatal hypocalcemic seizures due to excessive maternal calcium ingestion. Pediatr Neurol 2013;48(6):469-71. PubMed
- WHO recommendations on antenatal care for a positive pregnancy experience. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2016 (http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/maternal_perinatal_health/ anc-positive-pregnancy-experience/en/).
- Aune D, Navarro Rosenblatt DA, Chan DS, et al. Dairy products, calcium, and prostate cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015;101(1):87-117. PubMed
- Lan T, Park Y, Colditz GA, et al. Adolescent dairy product and calcium intake in relation to later prostate cancer risk and mortality in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. Cancer Causes Control. 2020;31(10):891-904. PubMed
- Zhang Y, Li Y, Liu J, et al. Association of Vitamin D or Calcium Supplementation with Cardiovascular Outcomes and Mortality: A Meta-Analysis with Trial Sequential Analysis. J Nutr Health Aging 2021;25(2):263-270. PubMed
- Myung SK, Kim HB, Lee YJ, Choi YJ, Oh SW. Calcium Supplements and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials. Nutrients 2021;13(2):368. PubMed
- Hetaimish B. Neonatal Calcinosis Cutis After Treatment of Hypocalcemia with Calcium Gluconate: A Report of 2 Cases. Am J Case Rep 2024;25:e943397. PubMed
- US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Biktarvy Prescribing Information. October 2024. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2024/210251Orig1s020lbl.pdf. Accessed July 16, 2025.
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC