Mood Enhancer Ingredients & Drug Interactions
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Mood Enhancer against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Mood Enhancer is a dietary supplement by Wise Woman Herbals with 6 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for boosting energy and fighting fatigue, improving mental focus and memory, coping with stress (adaptogen).Based on those ingredients, 1,702 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Ginkgo, St. John's Wort, Asian Ginseng. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Mood Enhancer by Wise Woman Herbals
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Mood Enhancer by Wise Woman Herbals — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Mood Enhancer by Wise Woman Herbals
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Low disclosure
Mood Enhancer contains six active ingredients, most of which we have monographs for. The product includes a proprietary blend that breaks down into St.
John's Wort, Ginkgo, Oat, Gotu Kola, and Lemon Balm—plus Asian Ginseng. The formula also contains inactive ingredients: spring water, alcohol, glycerin, and lavender essential oil for flavor and stability.
Each of these plants has a traditional or research-supported role. St.
John's Wort is used for mood support, ginkgo for mental clarity, oat for nervous-system nourishment, gotu kola for circulation and cognition, and lemon balm for calming—but the strength of evidence varies widely by ingredient, and some have important safety caveats.
Does it work?
Strong evidence
The evidence for mood support varies across the ingredients here. St.
John's Wort is likely effective for depression, and lemon balm is possibly effective for stress and depression. Ginkgo is possibly effective for anxiety and dementia.
Gotu Kola and Oat do not have strong evidence for mood or anxiety—gotu kola shows insufficient reliable evidence for anxiety disorder, and oat's established benefits are for cholesterol and heart health, not mood. We hold no effectiveness data for Asian Ginseng.
If your main goal is mood support, the St. John's Wort and lemon balm content is your active ingredient here, but St.
John's Wort's interaction burden is substantial.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Ginkgo and St. John's Wort both carry bleeding risk, so use caution if you're on blood thinners or have a bleeding disorder.
The product is a liquid containing alcohol and is not suitable for children or anyone avoiding alcohol. Pregnancy and breastfeeding safety is limited: St.
John's Wort and lemon balm lack sufficient data and are best avoided in pregnancy; gotu kola is traditionally avoided during pregnancy and is not studied in breastfeeding; oat supplements are less studied than oat food in pregnancy and breastfeeding. Lemon balm has limited breastfeeding data, and Asian Ginseng safety in pregnancy and breastfeeding is not on file.
Ginkgo may increase dizziness in some people and carries a rare risk of irregular heartbeat. Oat commonly causes bloating and gas, especially at higher doses, and gotu kola may cause nausea or, rarely, liver concerns.
Meds to double-check
Major interaction found
Before taking this product, check with your pharmacist if you take any of the following: digoxin, phenobarbital, phenytoin, mephenytoin, or irinotecan (St. John's Wort can dangerously reduce their levels).
Also check if you use HIV protease inhibitors, tacrolimus, or docetaxel (St. John's Wort reduces effectiveness).
If you take talinolol, warfarin, simvastatin, alprazolam, trazodone, efavirenz, or rosiglitazone (ginkgo may reduce or increase their effects). If you take insulin or other diabetes drugs (oat may lower blood sugar), sedatives or other CNS depressants (ginkgo, gotu kola, and lemon balm may increase drowsiness), or thyroid hormone (lemon balm may interfere).
These are the major medication types to screen; use the checker on this page for your complete list.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with clinical evidence supporting its stated purpose. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
This product pairs traditional mood herbs with significant drug-interaction potential, especially from St. John's Wort.
If you take digoxin, seizure drugs, cancer drugs, HIV protease inhibitors, immunosuppressants, warfarin, diabetes or thyroid medications, or sedatives, check with your pharmacist before starting. It's not suitable in pregnancy or while breastfeeding.
If you have no concerning medications and are not pregnant or nursing, the product is generally tolerated short-term, but talk to us first.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 6 of 6 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated May 24, 2023.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Mood Enhancer, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Wise Woman Herbals |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 748840052208 |
| Net contents | 2 Fluid Ounce(s); 60 mL |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | May 24, 2023 |
| DSLD ID | 284877 |
| Product type | Botanical |
| Supplement form | Liquid |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult (18 - 50 Years) |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Mood Enhancer by Wise Woman Herbals, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Proprietary Blend | 3 mL | -- |
| Asian Ginseng | 0 NP | -- |
| Ginkgo | 0 NP | -- |
| Oat | 0 NP | -- |
| Gotu Kola | 0 NP | -- |
| St. John's Wort | 0 NP | -- |
| Lemon Balm | 0 NP | -- |
Other ingredients: Spring Water, Alcohol, Glycerin, Lavender essential oil
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Suggested use: Shake well. Add 30-60 drops to water, 3 times per day.
Formulation
The presence of particulate matter in this product is normal.
General Statements
Botanical formula
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
Storage
Store in a cool, dry area away from direct sunlight with the lid tightly sealed.
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Mood Enhancer by Wise Woman Herbals label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Mood Enhancer by Wise Woman Herbals
These are the 6 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size30 Drop(s) Dosage formLiquid Servings per container20 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Proprietary Blend
- › Asian Ginseng
- › Ginkgo
- › Oat
- › Gotu Kola
- › St. John's Wort
- › Lemon Balm
Other (inactive) ingredients: Spring Water, Alcohol, Glycerin, Lavender essential oil. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Mood Enhancer by Wise Woman Herbals Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Mood Enhancer by Wise Woman Herbals contains several ingredients with documented interactions with medications, so you'll want to check your prescriptions before starting it.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
St. John's Wort is the biggest concern here.
It significantly speeds up how your liver breaks down a range of important drugs, which can make them less effective. The most serious interactions are with digoxin (a heart medication), phenobarbital and phenytoin (seizure drugs), irinotecan (a cancer drug), protease inhibitors for HIV, tacrolimus (an immunosuppressant), docetaxel (another cancer drug), and mephenytoin (another seizure medication).
With these drugs, St. John's Wort can reduce blood levels by 25% to 50% or more, potentially causing treatment failure.
Ginkgo poses moderate risks with several drug types. It can increase blood levels of talinolol (a beta-blocker), raise bleeding risk with warfarin, and may decrease effectiveness of cholesterol drugs like simvastatin, anxiety medications like alprazolam, the antidepressant trazodone, the HIV drug efavirenz, the diabetes drug rosiglitazone, and the immunosuppressant tacrolimus.
Ginkgo also carries a documented bleeding risk on its own.
Oat and lemon balm interact moderately with diabetes and insulin medications—oats can lower blood sugar and may require dose adjustments. Lemon balm may add to the drowsiness of sedatives and other central nervous system depressants, and may interfere with thyroid hormone replacement.
Gotu kola similarly adds to the effects of sedating drugs and poses a theoretical hepatotoxicity risk with liver-toxic medications. We could not check Asian Ginseng, as we hold no interaction data for it.
Altogether, these interactions span 1,561 individual medications. Please use the medication checker on this page to look up your exact prescriptions before you take this product.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Mood Enhancer?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Mood Enhancer interact with 1,702 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
6 of the 6 ingredients in Mood Enhancer interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Ginkgo St. John's Wort Asian Ginseng Gotu Kola Lemon Balm Oat
Ado-trastuzumab EmtansineKadcyla
How Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Major
Asian GinsengCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Panax ginseng might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionGinkgoCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginkgo might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Ginkgo + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionAbemaciclibVerzenio
How Abemaciclib interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Major
GinkgoCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginkgo might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Ginkgo + Abemaciclib interactionAsian GinsengCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Panax ginseng might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Abemaciclib interactionAbiraterone
How Abiraterone interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Major
GinkgoCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginkgo might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Ginkgo + Abiraterone interactionGotu KolaHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking gotu kola with hepatotoxic drugs might have additive adverse effects.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Abiraterone interactionAsian GinsengCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Panax ginseng might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Abiraterone interactionAbiraterone AcetateYonsa, Zytiga
How Abiraterone Acetate interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Major
Asian GinsengCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Panax ginseng might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Abiraterone Acetate interactionGotu KolaHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking gotu kola with hepatotoxic drugs might have additive adverse effects.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Abiraterone Acetate interactionGinkgoCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginkgo might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Ginkgo + Abiraterone Acetate interactionAcalabrutinibCalquence
How Acalabrutinib interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, P-glycoprotein Substrates Major
Asian GinsengCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Panax ginseng might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Acalabrutinib interactionGinkgoP-glycoprotein Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking ginkgo with P-glycoprotein substrates might increase the levels and adverse effects of these substrates.
Read the full Ginkgo + Acalabrutinib interactionAcetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Major
Interaction Summary
St.
Read the full St. John's Wort + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionGinkgoCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginkgo might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Ginkgo + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionGotu KolaHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking gotu kola with hepatotoxic drugs might have additive adverse effects.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAsian GinsengAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Caffeine +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Although Panax ginseng has shown antiplatelet effects in the laboratory, it is unlikely to increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CaffeineEsgic, Esgic Plus, Fiogesic, Fioricet, Repan, Tecnal +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Major
Interaction Summary
St.
Read the full St. John's Wort + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionGinkgoCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginkgo might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Ginkgo + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionAsian GinsengStimulant Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Panax ginseng with stimulant drugs might increase the risk of adverse stimulant effects.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionGotu KolaHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking gotu kola with hepatotoxic drugs might have additive adverse effects.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, CodeineEsgic with Codeine, Fioricet w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Major
Interaction Summary
St.
Read the full St. John's Wort + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionGotu KolaHepatotoxic Drugs, Cns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking gotu kola with hepatotoxic drugs might have additive adverse effects.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionLemon BalmCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of lemon balm might have additive effects with CNS depressant drugs.
Read the full Lemon Balm + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionGinkgoCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginkgo might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Ginkgo + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAsian GinsengStimulant Drugs, Caffeine +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Panax ginseng with stimulant drugs might increase the risk of adverse stimulant effects.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, PhenylephrineHycomine Compound
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Major
Gotu KolaHepatotoxic Drugs, Cns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking gotu kola with hepatotoxic drugs might have additive adverse effects.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionLemon BalmCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of lemon balm might have additive effects with CNS depressant drugs.
Read the full Lemon Balm + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionGinkgoCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Seizure Threshold Lowering Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginkgo might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Ginkgo + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionAsian GinsengCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Panax ginseng might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, CodeineGesic C15, Gesic C30, Gesic C8, Lenoltec 1, Lenoltec 2, Lenoltec 3 +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Major
Interaction Summary
St.
Read the full St. John's Wort + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAsian GinsengCaffeine, Stimulant Drugs +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Panax ginseng with caffeine might increase the risk of adverse stimulant effects.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionGotu KolaCns Depressants, Hepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking gotu kola might increase the sedative effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionLemon BalmCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of lemon balm might have additive effects with CNS depressant drugs.
Read the full Lemon Balm + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionGinkgoCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Seizure Threshold Lowering Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginkgo might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Ginkgo + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, SalicylamideCodalan No.1, Codalan No.2, Codalan No.3
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Major
Interaction Summary
St.
Read the full St. John's Wort + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionGinkgoCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Seizure Threshold Lowering Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginkgo might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Ginkgo + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionAsian GinsengCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Panax ginseng might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionLemon BalmCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of lemon balm might have additive effects with CNS depressant drugs.
Read the full Lemon Balm + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionGotu KolaCns Depressants, Hepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking gotu kola might increase the sedative effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, DihydrocodeineDHC Plus, Panlor DC, Panlor SS
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Major
Interaction Summary
St.
Read the full St. John's Wort + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionGotu KolaHepatotoxic Drugs, Cns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking gotu kola with hepatotoxic drugs might have additive adverse effects.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionLemon BalmCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of lemon balm might have additive effects with CNS depressant drugs.
Read the full Lemon Balm + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionGinkgoCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginkgo might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Ginkgo + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionAsian GinsengCaffeine, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Panax ginseng with caffeine might increase the risk of adverse stimulant effects.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, IsomethepteneMigralam
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Major
Interaction Summary
St.
Read the full St. John's Wort + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionAsian GinsengStimulant Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Panax ginseng with stimulant drugs might increase the risk of adverse stimulant effects.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionGotu KolaHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking gotu kola with hepatotoxic drugs might have additive adverse effects.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionGinkgoCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginkgo might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Ginkgo + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, PyrilamineMidol Max Strength Menstrual
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Major
Interaction Summary
St.
Read the full St. John's Wort + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionGinkgoCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginkgo might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Ginkgo + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionAsian GinsengCaffeine, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Panax ginseng with caffeine might increase the risk of adverse stimulant effects.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionGotu KolaHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking gotu kola with hepatotoxic drugs might have additive adverse effects.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan HbrVicks Formula 44M Cough, Cold & Flu Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortPhotosensitizing Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +2 Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, St.
Read the full St. John's Wort + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionGotu KolaHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking gotu kola with hepatotoxic drugs might have additive adverse effects.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionGinkgoSeizure Threshold Lowering Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking ginkgo with drugs that lower the seizure threshold might increase the risk for convulsions.
Read the full Ginkgo + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionAsian GinsengCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Panax ginseng might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, PhenylephrineColrex
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Serotonergic Drugs +2 Major
Asian GinsengStimulant Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Panax ginseng with stimulant drugs might increase the risk of adverse stimulant effects.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionGotu KolaCns Depressants, Hepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking gotu kola might increase the sedative effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionLemon BalmCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of lemon balm might have additive effects with CNS depressant drugs.
Read the full Lemon Balm + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionGinkgoCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Seizure Threshold Lowering Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginkgo might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Ginkgo + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, DextromethorphanCoricidin II Extra Strength Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +2 Major
Interaction Summary
St.
Read the full St. John's Wort + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionGinkgoCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginkgo might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Ginkgo + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionAsian GinsengCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Panax ginseng might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionGotu KolaHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking gotu kola with hepatotoxic drugs might have additive adverse effects.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan HydrobromideCoricidin HBP Maximum Strength Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortPhotosensitizing Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +2 Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, St.
Read the full St. John's Wort + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionGotu KolaHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking gotu kola with hepatotoxic drugs might have additive adverse effects.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionGinkgoSeizure Threshold Lowering Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking ginkgo with drugs that lower the seizure threshold might increase the risk for convulsions.
Read the full Ginkgo + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionAsian GinsengCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Panax ginseng might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, PhenylpropanolamineMulti Symptom Cold Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Photosensitizing Drugs +2 Major
Asian GinsengCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Panax ginseng might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionGotu KolaHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking gotu kola with hepatotoxic drugs might have additive adverse effects.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionGinkgoCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginkgo might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Ginkgo + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, PseudoephedrineChildren's Tylenol Cold Plus Cough, Tylenol Cold Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortSerotonergic Drugs, Photosensitizing Drugs +2 Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, St.
Read the full St. John's Wort + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interactionGinkgoCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Seizure Threshold Lowering Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginkgo might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Ginkgo + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interactionAsian GinsengStimulant Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Panax ginseng with stimulant drugs might increase the risk of adverse stimulant effects.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interactionGotu KolaHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking gotu kola with hepatotoxic drugs might have additive adverse effects.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, SalicylamideRhinogesic GG
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Photosensitizing Drugs +2 Major
Gotu KolaHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking gotu kola with hepatotoxic drugs might have additive adverse effects.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionGinkgoCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Seizure Threshold Lowering Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginkgo might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Ginkgo + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionAsian GinsengCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Stimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Panax ginseng might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, PhenylephrineAlka-Seltzer PLUS, Histex SR, Protid
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortSerotonergic Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +2 Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, St.
Read the full St. John's Wort + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interactionAsian GinsengCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Stimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Panax ginseng might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interactionGotu KolaHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking gotu kola with hepatotoxic drugs might have additive adverse effects.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interactionGinkgoCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginkgo might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Ginkgo + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, SalicylamideRhinogesic, Rhinogesic JR
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +2 Major
GinkgoCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Seizure Threshold Lowering Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginkgo might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Ginkgo + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionAsian GinsengCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Stimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Panax ginseng might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionGotu KolaHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking gotu kola with hepatotoxic drugs might have additive adverse effects.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, PhenylpropanolamineAlumadrine, Conex, Sinadrin Max Strength, Sinulin
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +2 Major
Interaction Summary
St.
Read the full St. John's Wort + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionGotu KolaHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking gotu kola with hepatotoxic drugs might have additive adverse effects.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionGinkgoSeizure Threshold Lowering Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking ginkgo with drugs that lower the seizure threshold might increase the risk for convulsions.
Read the full Ginkgo + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAsian GinsengCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Stimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Panax ginseng might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, OpiumHista-Derfule
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Opium interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortSerotonergic Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +2 Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, St.
Read the full St. John's Wort + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Opium interactionAsian GinsengCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Stimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Panax ginseng might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Opium interactionGotu KolaHepatotoxic Drugs, Cns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking gotu kola with hepatotoxic drugs might have additive adverse effects.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Opium interactionLemon BalmCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of lemon balm might have additive effects with CNS depressant drugs.
Read the full Lemon Balm + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Opium interactionGinkgoCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginkgo might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Ginkgo + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Opium interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, PhenyltoloxamineNorel Plus
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Phenyltoloxamine interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +2 Major
GinkgoCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginkgo might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Ginkgo + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Phenyltoloxamine interactionAsian GinsengCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Stimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Panax ginseng might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Phenyltoloxamine interactionGotu KolaHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking gotu kola with hepatotoxic drugs might have additive adverse effects.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Phenyltoloxamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, PseudoephedrineAlka-Seltzer PLUS Liquid Gels, Children's Tylenol Cold, Codimal, Comtrex, Extra Strength Tylenol Allergy Sinus, Lorsin +3 more
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Pseudoephedrine interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortSerotonergic Drugs, Photosensitizing Drugs +2 Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, St.
Read the full St. John's Wort + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Pseudoephedrine interactionGotu KolaHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking gotu kola with hepatotoxic drugs might have additive adverse effects.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Pseudoephedrine interactionGinkgoSeizure Threshold Lowering Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking ginkgo with drugs that lower the seizure threshold might increase the risk for convulsions.
Read the full Ginkgo + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Pseudoephedrine interactionAsian GinsengStimulant Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Panax ginseng with stimulant drugs might increase the risk of adverse stimulant effects.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Pseudoephedrine interactionAcetaminophen, DextromethorphanTylenol Cough Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Serotonergic Drugs +1 Major
Asian GinsengCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Panax ginseng might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan interactionGotu KolaHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking gotu kola with hepatotoxic drugs might have additive adverse effects.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan interactionGinkgoCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginkgo might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Ginkgo + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan interactionAcetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Doxylamine, PseudoephedrineVicks NyQuil
How Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Doxylamine, Pseudoephedrine interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Major
Gotu KolaHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking gotu kola with hepatotoxic drugs might have additive adverse effects.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Doxylamine, Pseudoephedrine interactionAsian GinsengCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Panax ginseng might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Doxylamine, Pseudoephedrine interactionGinkgoCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginkgo might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Ginkgo + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Doxylamine, Pseudoephedrine interactionAcetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, PhenylephrineConar-A
How Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine interacts with Mood Enhancer — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
St. John's WortSerotonergic Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, St.
Read the full St. John's Wort + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine interactionGinkgoCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, ginkgo might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Ginkgo + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine interactionGotu KolaHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking gotu kola with hepatotoxic drugs might have additive adverse effects.
Read the full Gotu Kola + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine interactionAsian GinsengStimulant Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Panax ginseng with stimulant drugs might increase the risk of adverse stimulant effects.
Read the full Asian Ginseng + Acetaminophen, Dextromethorphan, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Mood Enhancer with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Ginkgo
Talinolol
Taking ginkgo with talinolol seems to increase blood levels of talinolol.
There is some evidence that using ginkgo leaf extract 120 mg orally three times daily for 14 days can increase levels of talinolol by 36% in healthy male individuals. However, single doses of ginkgo do not seem to affect talinolol pharmacokinetics.
Alprazolam (Xanax)
Theoretically, ginkgo might decrease the levels and clinical effects of alprazolam.
In clinical research, ginkgo extract (Ginkgold) 120 mg twice daily seems to decrease alprazolam levels by about 17%. However, ginkgo does not appear to decrease the elimination half-life of alprazolam. This suggests that ginkgo is more likely to decrease absorption of alprazolam rather than induce hepatic metabolism of alprazolam.
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Ginkgo has been shown to increase the risk of bleeding in some people when taken with warfarin. Theoretically, ginkgo might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Several pharmacodynamic studies suggest that ginkgo inhibits platelet aggregation. It is thought that the ginkgo constituent, ginkgolide B, displaces platelet-activating factor (PAF) from its binding sites, decreasing blood coagulation. Several case reports have documented serious bleeding events in patients taking ginkgo. However, population and clinical studies have produced mixed results. Some evidence shows that short-term use of ginkgo leaf does not significantly reduce platelet aggregation and blood clotting. A study in healthy males who took a specific ginkgo leaf extract (EGb 761) 160 mg twice daily for 7 days found no change in prothrombin time. An analysis of a large medical record database suggests that ginkgo increases the risk of a bleeding adverse event by 38% when taken concurrently with warfarin. It has been suggested that ginkgo has to be taken for at least 2-3 weeks to have a significant effect on platelet aggregation. However, a meta-analysis of 18 studies using standardized ginkgo extracts, 80-480 mg daily for up to 32 weeks, did not find a significant effect on platelet aggregation, fibrinogen concentration, or PT/aPTT. In addition, a single dose of ginkgo plus clopidogrel or ticlopidine does not seem to significantly increase bleeding time or platelet aggregation. Also, taking ginkgo leaf extract daily for 8 days in conjunction with rivaroxaban does not affect anti-factor Xa activity; however, this study did not evaluate bleeding time.
Anticonvulsants
Theoretically, ginkgo might reduce the effectiveness of anticonvulsants.
Ginkgo seeds contain ginkgotoxin. Large amounts of ginkgotoxin can cause neurotoxicity and seizure. Ginkgotoxin is present in much larger amounts in ginkgo seeds than leaves. Ginkgo leaf extract contains trace amounts of ginkgotoxin. The amount of ginkgotoxin in ginkgo leaf and leaf extract seems unlikely to cause toxicity. However, there are anecdotal reports of seizure occurring after use of ginkgo leaf both in patients without a history of seizure disorder and in those with previously well-controlled epilepsy.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, taking ginkgo with antidiabetes drugs might alter the response to antidiabetes drugs.
Ginkgo leaf extract seems to alter insulin secretion and metabolism, and might affect blood glucose levels in people with type 2 diabetes. The effect of ginkgo seems to differ depending on the insulin and treatment status of the patient. In diet-controlled diabetes patients with hyperinsulinemia, taking ginkgo does not seem to significantly affect insulin or blood glucose levels. In patients with hyperinsulinemia who are treated with oral hypoglycemic agents, taking ginkgo seems to decrease insulin levels and increase blood glucose following an oral glucose tolerance test. Researchers speculate that this could be due to ginkgo-enhanced hepatic metabolism of insulin. In patients with pancreatic exhaustion, taking ginkgo seems to stimulate pancreatic beta-cells, resulting in increased insulin and C-peptide levels, but with no significant change in blood glucose levels in response to an oral glucose tolerance test.
Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
Theoretically, ginkgo might decrease the levels and clinical effects of atorvastatin.
In humans, intake of ginkgo extract appears to increase atorvastatin clearance, reducing the area under the curve of atorvastatin by 10% to 14% and the maximum concentration by 29%. However, this interaction does not appear to affect cholesterol synthesis and absorption. Further, a model in rats with hyperlipidemia suggests that administering ginkgo extract does not impact blood levels of atorvastatin and leads to lower total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides when compared with rats given atorvastatin alone.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Theoretically, ginkgo might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Laboratory research suggests that ginkgo leaf extract can mildly inhibit CYP1A2 enzymes. However, clinical research suggests ginkgo might not affect CYP1A2. Until more is known, use ginkgo cautiously in patients taking drugs metabolized by these enzymes.
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (Cyp2C19) Substrates
Theoretically, ginkgo might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C19.
Some clinical research shows that a specific ginkgo leaf extract (Remembrance, Herbs Product LTD) 140 mg twice daily can induce CYP2C19 enzymes and potentially decrease levels of drugs metabolized by these enzymes. However, other clinical research shows that taking ginkgo 120 mg twice daily for 12 days has no effect on levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C19.
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates
Theoretically, ginkgo might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
In vitro, a specific standardized extract of ginkgo leaf (EGb 761) inhibits CYP2C9 activity . The terpenoid (ginkgolides) and flavonoid (quercetin, kaempferol, etc.) constituents seem to be responsible for this effect. Most ginkgo extracts contain some amount of these constituents. Therefore, other ginkgo leaf extracts might also inhibit the CYP2C9 enzyme. However, clinical research suggests that ginkgo might not have a significant effect on CYP2C9 in humans. Ginkgo does not seem to significantly affect the pharmacokinetics of CYP2C9 substrates diclofenac or tolbutamide.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, ginkgo might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
There is conflicting evidence about whether ginkgo induces or inhibits CYP3A4. Ginkgo does not appear to affect hepatic CYP3A4. However, it is not known if ginkgo affects intestinal CYP3A4. Preliminary clinical research suggests that taking ginkgo does not significantly affect levels of donepezil, lopinavir, or ritonavir, which are all CYP3A4 substrates. Other clinical research also suggests ginkgo does not significantly affect CYP3A4 activity. However, there are two case reports of decreased efavirenz concentrations and increased viral load in patients taking ginkgo. It is suspected that terpenoids from the ginkgo extract reduced drug levels by inducing cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Efavirenz (Sustiva)
Theoretically, ginkgo might decrease the levels and clinical effects of efavirenz.
There are two case reports of decreased efavirenz concentrations and increased viral load in patients taking ginkgo. In one case, an HIV-positive male experienced over a 50% decrease in efavirenz levels over the course of 14 months while taking ginkgo extract. HIV-1 RNA copies also increased substantially, from less than 50 to more than 1500. It is suspected that terpenoids from the ginkgo extract reduced drug levels by inducing cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). In another case report, a patient stable on antiviral therapy including efavirenz for 10 years, had an increase in viral load from <50 copies/mL to 1350 copies/mL after 2 months of taking a combination of supplements including ginkgo. After stopping ginkgo, the viral load was again controlled with the same antiviral therapy regimen.
Ibuprofen (Advil, Others)
Theoretically, ginkgo might increase the risk of bleeding when used with ibuprofen.
Ginkgo might have antiplatelet effects and has been associated with several case reports of spontaneous bleeding. In one case, a 71-year-old male had taken a specific ginkgo extract (Gingium, Biocur) 40 mg twice daily for 2.5 years. About 4 weeks after starting ibuprofen 600 mg daily he experienced a fatal intracerebral hemorrhage. However, the antiplatelet effects of ginkgo have been questioned. A meta-analysis and other studies have not found a significant antiplatelet effect with standardized ginkgo extracts, 80 mg to 480 mg taken daily for up to 32 weeks.
P-Glycoprotein Substrates
Theoretically, taking ginkgo with P-glycoprotein substrates might increase the levels and adverse effects of these substrates.
A small clinical study in healthy volunteers shows that using ginkgo leaf extract 120 mg orally three times daily for 14 days can increase levels of the P-glycoprotein substrate, talinolol, by 36% in healthy male individuals. However, single doses of ginkgo do not have the same effect.
Risperidone (Risperdal)
Theoretically, taking ginkgo with risperidone might increase the levels and adverse effects of risperidone.
A single case of priapism has been reported for a 26-year-old male with schizophrenia who used risperidone 3 mg daily along with ginkgo extract 160 mg daily. Risperidone is metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6 and CYP3A4. CYP3A4 activity might be affected by ginkgo. Theoretically, ginkgo may inhibit the metabolism of risperidone and increase the risk of adverse effects.
Rosiglitazone (Avandia)
Theoretically, ginkgo might decrease the levels and clinical effects of rosiglitazone.
Animal research shows that ginkgo leaf extract orally 100 or 200 mg/kg daily for 10 days alters the pharmacodynamics of rosiglitazone in a dose-dependent manner. The 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg doses reduce the area under the concentration time curve (AUC) of rosiglitazone by 39% and 52%, respectively, and the half-life by 28% and 39%, respectively. It is hypothesized that these changes may be due to induction of cytochrome P450 2C8 by ginkgo.
Seizure Threshold Lowering Drugs
Theoretically, taking ginkgo with drugs that lower the seizure threshold might increase the risk for convulsions.
Ginkgo seeds contain ginkgotoxin. Large amounts of ginkgotoxin can cause neurotoxicity and seizure. Ginkgotoxin is present in much larger amounts in ginkgo seeds than leaves. Ginkgo leaf extract contains trace amounts of ginkgotoxin. The amount of ginkgotoxin in ginkgo leaf and leaf extract seems unlikely to cause toxicity. However, there are anecdotal reports of seizure occurring after use of ginkgo leaf both in patients without a history of seizure disorder and in those with previously well-controlled epilepsy.
Simvastatin (Zocor)
Theoretically, ginkgo might decrease the levels and clinical effects of simvastatin.
Clinical research shows that taking ginkgo extract can reduce the area under the curve and maximum concentration of simvastatin by 32% to 39%. However, ginkgo extract does not seem to affect the cholesterol-lowering ability of simvastatin.
Sofosbuvir (Sovaldi)
Theoretically, ginkgo might increase the levels and clinical effects of sofosbuvir.
Animal research in rats shows that giving a ginkgo extract 25 mg/kg orally daily for 14 days increases the area under the concentration time curve (AUC) after a single sofosbuvir dose of 40 mg/kg by 11%, increases the half-life by 60%, and increases the plasma concentration at 4 hours by 38%. This interaction appears to be related to the inhibition of intestinal P-glycoprotein by ginkgo.
Tacrolimus (Prograf)
Theoretically, ginkgo might increase the blood levels of tacrolimus.
In vitro evidence suggests that certain biflavonoids in ginkgo leaves (i.e. amentoflavone, ginkgetin, bilobetin) may inhibit the metabolism of tacrolimus by up to 50%. This interaction appears to be time-dependent and due to inhibition of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 by these bioflavonoids. In rats given tacrolimus 1 mg/kg orally, amentoflavone was shown to increase the area under the concentration time curve (AUC) of tacrolimus by 3.8-fold.
Trazodone (Desyrel)
Theoretically, ginkgo might increase the levels and clinical effects of trazodone.
In a case report, an Alzheimer patient taking trazodone 20 mg twice daily and ginkgo leaf extract 80 mg twice daily for four doses became comatose. The coma was reversed by administration of flumazenil (Romazicon). Coma might have been induced by excessive GABA-ergic activity. Ginkgo flavonoids are thought to have GABA-ergic activity and act directly on benzodiazepine receptors. Ginkgo might also increase metabolism of trazodone to active GABA-ergic metabolites, possibly by inducing cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) metabolism.
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Ginkgo has been shown to increase the risk of bleeding in some people when taken with warfarin.
Several pharmacodynamic studies suggest that ginkgo inhibits platelet aggregation. It is thought that the ginkgo constituent, ginkgolide B, displaces platelet-activating factor (PAF) from its binding sites, decreasing blood coagulation. Several case reports have documented serious bleeding events in patients taking ginkgo. Information from a medical database suggests that when taken concurrently with warfarin, ginkgo increases the risk of a bleeding adverse event by 38%. There is also some evidence that ginkgo leaf extract can inhibit cytochrome P450 2C9, an enzyme that metabolizes warfarin. This could result in increased warfarin levels. However, population and clinical research has produced mixed results. Clinical research in healthy people suggests that ginkgo has no effect on INR, or the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of warfarin. A meta-analysis of 18 studies using standardized ginkgo extracts, 80 mg to 480 mg daily for up to 32 weeks, did not find a significant effect on platelet aggregation, fibrinogen concentration, or PT/aPTT. There is also some preliminary clinical research that suggests ginkgo might not significantly increase the effects of warfarin in patients that have a stable INR.
Nifedipine (Procardia)
Theoretically, taking ginkgo with oral, but not intravenous, nifedipine might increase levels and adverse effects of nifedipine.
Animal research and some clinical evidence suggests that taking ginkgo leaf extract orally in combination with oral nifedipine might increase nifedipine levels and cause increased side effects, such as headaches, dizziness, and hot flushes. However, taking ginkgo orally does not seem to affect the pharmacokinetics of intravenous nifedipine.
Omeprazole (Prilosec)
Theoretically, taking ginkgo with omeprazole might decrease the levels and clinical effects of omeprazole.
Clinical research shows that a specific ginkgo leaf extract (Remembrance, Herbs Product LTD) 140 mg twice daily can induce cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 enzymes and decrease levels of omeprazole by about 27% to 42%.
St. John's Wort
Alprazolam (Xanax)
St. John's wort increases the clearance of alprazolam and decreases its effects.
Alprazolam, which is used as a probe for cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) activity, has a two-fold increase in clearance when given with St. John's wort. St. John's wort reduces the half-life of alprazolam from 12.4 hours to 6 hours.
Contraceptive Drugs
St. John's wort increases the clearance of contraceptive drugs and reduces their clinical effects.
Females taking St. John's wort and oral contraceptives concurrently should use an additional or alternative form of birth control. St. John's wort can decrease norethindrone and ethinyl estradiol levels by 13% to 15%, resulting in breakthrough bleeding, irregular menstrual bleeding, or unplanned pregnancy. Bleeding irregularities usually occur within a week of starting St. John's wort and regular cycles usually return when St. John's wort is discontinued. Unplanned pregnancy has occurred with concurrent use of oral contraceptives and St. John's wort extract. St. John's wort is thought to induce the cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2), 2C9 (CYP2C9), and 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes, which are responsible for metabolism of progestins and estrogens in contraceptives.
Cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune)
St. John's wort reduces the levels and clinical effects of cyclosporine.
Concomitant use can decrease plasma cyclosporine levels by 30% to 70%. Using St. John's wort with cyclosporine in patients with heart, kidney, or liver transplants can cause subtherapeutic cyclosporine levels and acute transplant rejection. This interaction has occurred with a St. John's wort extract standardized to 0.3% hypericin and dosed at 300-600 mg per day. Withdrawal of St. John's wort can result in a 64% increase in cyclosporine levels. St. John's wort induces cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and the multi-drug transporter, P-glycoprotein/MDR-1, which increases cyclosporine clearance.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
St. John's wort increases the metabolism and reduces the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
St. John's wort induces CYP3A4 enzymes and increases metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates. Clinically significant interactions have been reported with St. John's wort products containing hyperforin 1 mg or more.
Digoxin (Lanoxin)
St. John's wort reduces the levels and clinical effects of digoxin.
St. John's wort can reduce the bioavailability, serum levels, and therapeutic effects of digoxin. Taking an extract of St. John's wort 900 mg, containing hyperforin 7.5 mg or more, daily for 10-14 days, can reduce serum digoxin levels by 25% in healthy people. St. John's wort is thought to affect the multidrug transporter, P-glycoprotein, which mediates the absorption and elimination of digoxin and other drugs. St. John's wort products providing less than 7.5 mg of hyperforin daily do not appear to affect digoxin levels.
Docetaxel (Taxotere)
St. John's wort reduces the levels and clinical effects of docetaxel.
Clinical research shows that taking a specific St. John's wort product (Hyperiplant, VSM) 300 mg three times daily for 14 days increases docetaxel clearance by about 14%, resulting in decreased plasma concentrations of docetaxel in cancer patients. This is most likely due to induction of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) by St. John's wort.
Imatinib (Gleevec)
St. John's wort reduces the levels and clinical effects of imatinib.
Taking St. John's wort 900 mg daily for 2 weeks reduces the bioavailability and half-life of a single dose of imatinib and decreases its serum levels by 30% in healthy volunteers. This is most likely due to induction of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) by St. John's wort, which increases clearance of imatinib.
Irinotecan (Camptosar)
St. John's wort reduces the levels and clinical effects of irinotecan.
St. John's wort 900 mg daily for 18 days decreases serum levels of irinotecan by at least 50%. Clearance of the active metabolite of irinotecan, SN-38, is also increased, resulting in a 42% decrease in the area under the concentration-time curve. This is thought to be due to induction of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) by St. John's wort.
Mephenytoin (Mesantoin)
St. John's wort reduces the levels and clinical effects of mephenytoin.
Preliminary clinical research in healthy males shows that taking St. John's wort for 14 days induces cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) and significantly increases metabolism of mephenytoin (Mesantoin). In people with wild-type 2C19, metabolism was almost 4-fold greater in subjects who received St. John's wort compared to placebo. In contrast, patients with 2C19*2/*2 and *2/*3 genotypes did not demonstrate a similar increase in metabolism.
Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (Nnrtis)
St. John's wort decreases the levels and clinical effects of NNRTIs.
St. John's wort increases the oral clearance of nevirapine (Viramune) by 35%. Subtherapeutic concentrations are associated with therapeutic failure, development of viral resistance, and development of drug class resistance. St. John's wort induces intestinal and hepatic cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and intestinal P-glycoprotein/MDR-1, a drug transporter.
Omeprazole (Prilosec)
St. John's wort decreases the levels and clinical effects of omeprazole.
Taking St. John's wort, 300 mg orally three times daily for 14 days, reduces serum concentrations of omeprazole by inducing its metabolism via cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 and 3A4. The reduction of omeprazole serum levels is dependent on CYP2C19 genotype, with reductions up to 50% in extensive metabolizers and 38% in poor metabolizers.
Oxycodone (Oxycontin)
St. John's wort decreases the levels and clinical effects of oxycodone.
St. John's wort can increase oxycodone metabolism by inducing cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), reducing plasma levels and analgesic activity.
P-Glycoprotein Substrates
St. John's wort decreases the levels and clinical effects of P-glycoprotein substrates.
St. John's wort induces P-glycoprotein. P-glycoprotein is a carrier mechanism responsible for transporting drugs and other substances across cell membranes. When P-glycoprotein is induced in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, it can prevent the absorption of some medications. In addition, induction of p-glycoprotein can decrease entry of drugs into the central nervous system (CNS) and decrease access to other sites of action.
Phenobarbital (Luminal)
St. John's wort decreases the levels and clinical effects of phenobarbital.
St. John's wort may increase the metabolism of phenobarbital. Plasma concentrations of phenobarbital should be monitored carefully. The dose of phenobarbital may need to be increased when St. John's wort is started and decreased when it is stopped.
Phenprocoumon (Marcoumar, Others)
St. John's wort decreases the levels and clinical effects of phenprocoumon.
St. John's wort appears to increase the metabolism of phenprocoumon (an anticoagulant that is not available in the US) by increasing the activity of the cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) enzyme. This may result in decreases in the anticoagulant effect and international normalized ratio (INR).
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
St. John's wort decreases the levels and clinical effects of phenytoin.
St. John's wort may increase the metabolism of phenytoin. Plasma concentrations of phenytoin should be monitored closely. The dose of phenytoin may need to be increased when St. John's wort is started and decreased when it is stopped.
Protease Inhibitors (Pis)
St. John's wort reduces the levels and clinical effects of PIs.
In healthy volunteers, St. John's wort can reduce the plasma concentrations of indinavir (Crixivan) by inducing cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). This might result in treatment failure and viral resistance. St. John's wort also induces P-glycoprotein, which can result in decreased intracellular protease inhibitor concentrations and increased elimination.
Rivaroxaban (Xarelto)
St. John's wort decreases the levels and clinical effects of rivaroxaban.
A small pharmacokinetic study in healthy volunteers shows that taking a single dose of rivaroxaban 20 mg after using a specific St. John's wort extract (Jarsin, Vifor SA) 450 mg orally twice daily for 14 days reduces the bioavailability of rivaroxaban by 24% and reduces rivaroxaban's therapeutic inhibition of factor Xa by 20%.
Tacrolimus (Prograf)
St. John's wort decreases the levels and clinical effects of tacrolimus.
Taking a St. John's wort extract (Jarsin) 600 mg daily significantly decreases tacrolimus serum levels. Dose increases of 60% may be required to maintain therapeutic tacrolimus levels in patients taking St. John's wort. St. John's wort is thought to lower tacrolimus levels by inducing cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes. A small clinical study in healthy adults also shows that taking St. John's wort 300 mg three times daily for 10 days decreases the total systemic exposure to tacrolimus by 27% and 33% after taking a single 5 mg dose of immediate-release or prolonged-release tacrolimus, respectively.
Warfarin (Coumadin)
St. John's wort decreases the levels and clinical effects of warfarin.
Taking St. John's wort significantly increases clearance of warfarin, including both its R- and S-isomers. This is likely due to induction of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2 and CYP3A4. St. John's wort can also significantly decrease International Normalized Ratio (INR) in people taking warfarin. In addition, taking warfarin at the same time as St. John's wort might reduce warfarin bioavailability. When a dried extract is mixed with warfarin in an aqueous medium, up to 30% of warfarin is bound to particles, reducing its absorption.
Aminolevulinic Acid
St. John's wort might have additive phototoxic effects with aminolevulinic acid.
Concomitant use with St. John's wort extract may cause synergistic phototoxicity. Delta-aminolevulinic acid can cause a burning erythematous rash and severe swelling of the face, neck, and hands when taken with St. John's wort.
Bupropion (Wellbutrin)
St. John's wort might reduce the levels and effects of bupropion.
Clinical research shows that taking St. John's wort 325 mg three times daily for 14 days along with bupropion reduces the area under the concentration-time curve by approximately 14% and increases the clearance of bupropion by approximately 20%. This effect is attributed to the induction of cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) by St. John's wort.
Clopidogrel (Plavix)
St. John's wort might increase the levels and effects of clopidogrel.
Taking St. John's wort with clopidogrel seems to increase the activity of clopidogrel. In clopidogrel non-responders, taking St. John's wort seems to induce metabolism of clopidogrel to its active metabolite by cytochrome P450 enzymes 3A4 and 2C19. This leads to increased antiplatelet activity. Theoretically, this might lead to an increased risk of bleeding in clopidogrel responders.
Clozapine (Clozaril)
St. John's wort might decrease the levels and clinical effects of clozapine.
A case report describes a female with schizophrenia controlled on clozapine who had a return of symptoms when she started taking St. John's wort. The plasma concentration of clozapine was reduced, likely because its clearance was increased due to induction of the cytochrome P450 enzymes 3A4, 1A2, 2C9, and 2C19 by St. John's wort.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
St. John's wort may increase the metabolism and reduce the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Clinical and in vitro research shows that St. John's wort induces CYP1A2, but to a lesser extent than CYP3A4.
Asian Ginseng
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Although Panax ginseng has shown antiplatelet effects in the laboratory, it is unlikely to increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro evidence suggests that ginsenoside constituents in Panax ginseng might decrease platelet aggregation. However, research in humans suggests that ginseng does not affect platelet aggregation. Animal research indicates low oral bioavailability of Rb1 and rapid elimination of Rg1, which might explain the discrepancy between in vitro and human research. Until more is known, use with caution in patients concurrently taking anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, taking Panax ginseng with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Clinical research suggests that Panax ginseng might decrease blood glucose levels. Monitor blood glucose levels closely.
Caffeine
Theoretically, taking Panax ginseng with caffeine might increase the risk of adverse stimulant effects.
Panax ginseng has been shown to have stimulant effects. Theoretically, caffeine might have an additive effect on the stimulant effects of Panax ginseng.
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates
Theoretically, Panax ginseng might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6. However, research is conflicting.
There is some evidence that Panax ginseng can inhibit the CYP2D6 enzyme by approximately 6%. In addition, in animal research, Panax ginseng inhibits the metabolism of dextromethorphan, a drug metabolized by CYP2D6, by a small amount. However, contradictory research suggests Panax ginseng might not inhibit CYP2D6. Until more is known, use Panax ginseng cautiously in patients taking drugs metabolized by these enzymes.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, Panax ginseng might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Panax ginseng may affect the clearance of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4. One such drug is imatinib. Inhibition of CYP3A4 was believed to be responsible for a case of imatinib-induced hepatotoxicity. In contrast, Panax ginseng has been shown to increase the clearance of midazolam, another drug metabolized by CYP3A4. Clinical research shows that Panax ginseng can reduce midazolam area under the curve by 44%, maximum plasma concentration by 26%, and time to reach maximum plasma concentration by 29%. Midazolam metabolism was also increased in animals given Panax ginseng. Until more is known, use Panax ginseng cautiously in combination with CYP3A4 substrates.
Estrogens
Theoretically, concomitant use of large amounts of Panax ginseng might interfere with hormone replacement therapy.
Laboratory research and some case reports suggest that Panax ginseng can have estrogenic effects due to competition for estrogen receptors. The estrogenic activity is attributed to the ginsenoside constituents of Panax ginseng.
Furosemide (Lasix)
Theoretically, Panax ginseng might reduce the effects of furosemide.
There is some concern that Panax ginseng might contribute to furosemide resistance. There is one case of resistance to furosemide diuresis in a patient taking a germanium-containing ginseng product.
Imatinib (Gleevec)
Theoretically, Panax ginseng might increase the effects and adverse effects of imatinib.
A case of imatinib-induced hepatotoxicity has been reported for a 26-year-old male with chronic myelogenous leukemia stabilized on imatinib for 7 years. The patient took imatinib 400 mg along with a Panax ginseng-containing energy drink daily for 3 months. Since imatinib-associated hepatotoxicity typically occurs within 2 years of initiating therapy, it is believed that Panax ginseng affected imatinib toxicity though inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A4. CYP3A4 is the primary enzyme involved in imatinib metabolism.
Immunosuppressants
Theoretically, Panax ginseng use might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Panax ginseng might have immune system stimulating properties.
Insulin
Theoretically, taking Panax ginseng with insulin might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Clinical research suggests that Panax ginseng might decrease blood glucose levels. Insulin dose adjustments might be necessary in patients taking Panax ginseng; use with caution.
Midazolam (Versed)
Theoretically, Panax ginseng may increase the clearance of midazolam.
Midazolam is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). Clinical research suggests that Panax ginseng can reduce midazolam area under the curve by 44%, maximum plasma concentration by 26%, and time to reach maximum plasma concentration by 29%. Midazolam metabolism was also increased in animals given Panax ginseng.
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (Maois)
Theoretically, Panax ginseng can interfere with MAOI therapy.
Concomitant use of Panax ginseng with phenelzine (Nardil) is associated with insomnia, headache, tremors, and hypomania.
Nifedipine (Procardia)
Theoretically, taking Panax ginseng with nifedipine might increase serum levels of nifedipine and the risk of hypotension.
Preliminary clinical research shows that concomitant use can increase serum levels of nifedipine in healthy volunteers. This might cause the blood pressure lowering effects of nifedipine to be increased when taken concomitantly with Panax ginseng.
Qt Interval-Prolonging Drugs
Theoretically, Panax ginseng has an additive effect with drugs that prolong the QT interval and potentially increase the risk of ventricular arrhythmias. However, research is conflicting.
Clinical research shows that short-term use of Panax ginseng can increase the QT interval. However, no changes in QT interval have been identified with prolonged use.
Raltegravir (Isentress)
Theoretically, taking Panax ginseng with raltegravir might increase the risk of liver toxicity.
A case report suggests that concomitant use of Panax ginseng with raltegravir can increase serum levels of raltegravir, resulting in elevated liver enzymes levels.
Selegiline (Eldepryl)
Theoretically, Panax ginseng might increase or decrease levels of selegiline, possibly altering the effects and side effects of selegiline.
Animal research shows that taking selegiline with a low dose of Panax ginseng extract (1 gram/kg) reduces selegiline bioavailability, while taking a high dose of Panax ginseng extract (3 grams/kg) increases selegiline bioavailability. More research is needed to confirm these effects.
Stimulant Drugs
Theoretically, taking Panax ginseng with stimulant drugs might increase the risk of adverse stimulant effects.
Panax ginseng has been shown to have stimulant effects.
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Panax ginseng might affect the clearance of warfarin. However, this interaction appears to be unlikely.
There has been a single case report of decreased effectiveness of warfarin in a patient who also took Panax ginseng. However, it is questionable whether Panax ginseng was the cause of this decrease in warfarin effectiveness. Some research in humans and animals suggests that Panax ginseng does not affect the pharmacokinetics of warfarin. However, other research in humans suggests that Panax ginseng might modestly increase the clearance of the S-warfarin isomer. More evidence is needed to determine whether Panax ginseng causes a significant interaction with warfarin.
Fexofenadine (Allegra)
Theoretically, Panax ginseng might decrease blood levels of oral or intravenous fexofenadine.
Animal research suggests that taking Panax ginseng in combination with oral or intravenous fexofenadine may reduce the bioavailability of fexofenadine. Some scientists have attributed this effect to the ability of Panax ginseng to increase the expression of P-glycoprotein.
Lopinavir/Ritonavir (Kaletra)
Although Panax ginseng has demonstrated variable effects on cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), which metabolizes lopinavir, Panax ginseng is unlikely to alter levels of lopinavir/ritonavir.
Lopinavir is metabolized by CYP3A4 and is administered with the CYP3A4 inhibitor ritonavir to increase its plasma concentrations. Panax ginseng has shown variable effects on CYP3A4 activity in humans. However, taking Panax ginseng (Vitamer Laboratories) 500 mg twice daily for 14 days did not alter the pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir in 12 healthy volunteers.
Gotu Kola
Cns Depressants
Theoretically, taking gotu kola might increase the sedative effects of CNS depressants.
In vitro research suggests that gotu kola may have sedative effects via binding of GABA receptors.
Hepatotoxic Drugs
Theoretically, taking gotu kola with hepatotoxic drugs might have additive adverse effects.
There are at least four case reports of hepatotoxicity associated with the use of gotu kola. However, more information is needed to determine if gotu kola was the causative factor in these cases.
Lemon Balm
Cns Depressants
Theoretically, concomitant use of lemon balm might have additive effects with CNS depressant drugs.
Lemon balm seems to have CNS depressant activity in animals and in humans.
Thyroid Hormone
Theoretically, lemon balm might interfere with thyroid hormone replacement therapy.
In vitro, constituents of lemon balm extract bind to thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), preventing TSH receptor-binding and leading to the inhibition of TSH-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity. In animals, lemon balm extract has been shown to decrease levels of circulating TSH and inhibit thyroid secretion.
Oat
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, oats may have additive effects with antidiabetic agents and might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Consuming oats can decrease blood glucose in patients with diabetes. In those who require insulin, taking oats 100 grams daily for 2 days reduces the insulin dose required to achieve metabolic control.
Insulin
Concomitant use of oats and insulin might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
In patients with insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes, taking oats 100 grams daily for 2 days reduces the insulin dose required to achieve metabolic control.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Mood Enhancer, from the product label.
Wise Woman Herbals
See all Wise Woman Herbals products- Name
- Wise Woman Herbals
- City
- Creswell
- State
- OR
- ZipCode
- 97426
- Phone Number
- 541.895.5152
- Web Address
- wisewomanherbals.com
Mood Enhancer by Wise Woman Herbals: Common Questions
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The Full Monographs Behind Mood Enhancer’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Panax Ginseng
Interacts with 1,130 drugsPanax ginseng is a popular traditional herb used to boost energy, ease stress, and support overall wellness, though scientific evidence is mixed and mostly preliminary. It is generally well...
Read the full Panax Ginseng monograph → Herb & supplement monographGinkgo
Interacts with 1,266 drugsGinkgo is one of the world's most popular herbal supplements, mostly taken to support memory and circulation. The evidence for these uses is mixed and generally weak, and it is not proven to...
Read the full Ginkgo monograph → Herb & supplement monographOats
Interacts with 86 drugsOats are a well-studied whole grain whose soluble fiber (beta-glucan) can help lower cholesterol and support heart health when eaten regularly. As a food, oats are safe for most people, and...
Read the full Oats monograph → Herb & supplement monographGotu Kola
Interacts with 579 drugsGotu kola is a traditional Ayurvedic and Asian herb that people use for wound healing, circulation, skin problems, and as a calming or memory-supporting herb. Some early studies suggest poss...
Read the full Gotu Kola monograph → Herb & supplement monographSt. John's Wort
Interacts with 1,143 drugsSt. John's wort is a well-studied herb most often used for mild to moderate depression, and some research suggests it may help with this. However, it has many serious interactions with presc...
Read the full St. John's Wort monograph → Herb & supplement monographLemon Balm
Interacts with 264 drugsLemon balm is a gentle, lemon-scented mint-family herb traditionally used to ease stress, support sleep, and calm digestion, and topically for cold sores. Early studies are promising but gen...
Read the full Lemon Balm monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Mood Enhancer's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 358 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Panax Ginseng 66 references
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- Palmer BV, Montgomery AC, Monteiro JC, et al. Gin Seng and mastalgia [letter]. BMJ 1978;1:1284. PubMed
- Hopkins MP, Androff L, Benninghoff AS. Ginseng face cream and unexplained vaginal bleeding. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1988;159:1121-2. PubMed
- Greenspan EM. Ginseng and vaginal bleeding [letter]. JAMA 1983;249:2018.
- Gonzalez-Seijo JC, Ramos YM, Lastra I. Manic episode and ginseng: Report of a possible case. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1995;15:447-8.
- Dega H, Laporte JL, Frances C, et al. Ginseng as a cause of Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Lancet 1996;347:1344.
- Hamid S, Rojter S, Vierling J. Protracted cholestatic hepatitis after the use of Prostata. Ann Intern Med 1997;127:169-70.
- Shader RI, Greenblatt DJ. Phenelzine and the dream machine-ramblings and reflections. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1985;5:65. PubMed
- Jones BD, Runikis AM. Interaction of ginseng with phenelzine. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1987;7:201-2. PubMed
- Janetzky K, Morreale AP. Probable interaction between warfarin and ginseng. Am J Health Syst Pharm 1997;54:692-3. PubMed
- Becker BN. Ginseng-induced diuretic resistance. JAMA 1996;276:606-7. PubMed
- Gurley BJ, Gardner SF, Hubbard MA. Clinical assessment of potential cytochrome P450-mediated herb-drug interactions. AAPS Ann Mtg & Expo Indianapolis, IN: 2000; Oct 29 - Nov 2:presentation #3460.
- Park HJ, Lee JH, Song YB, Park KH. Effects of dietary supplementation of lipophilic fraction from Panax ginseng on cGMP and cAMP in rat platelets and on blood coagulation. Biol Pharm Bull 1996;19:1434-9. PubMed
- Zhu M, Chan KW, Ng LS, et al. Possible influences of ginseng on the pharmacodynamics of warfarin in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 1999;51:175-80.
- Choi HK, Jung GW, Moon KH, et al. Clinical study of SS-Cream in patients with lifelong premature ejaculation. Urology 2000;55:257-61. PubMed
- Shin HR, Kim JY, Yun TK, et al. The cancer-preventive potential of Panax ginseng: a review of human and experimental evidence. Cancer Causes Control 2000;11:565-76. PubMed
- Siegel RK. Ginseng Abuse Syndrome. JAMA 1979;241:1614-5. DOI
- Palop-Larrea V, Gonzalvez-Perales JL, Catalan-Oliver C, et al. Metrorrhagia and ginseng. Ann Pharmacother 2000;34:1347-8. PubMed
- Caron MF, Hotsko AL, Robertson S, et al. Electrocardiographic and hemodynamic effects of Panax ginseng. Ann Pharmacother 2002;36:758-63..
- Eagon PK, Elm MS, Hunter DS, et al. Medicinal herbs: modulation of estrogen action. Era of Hope Mtg, Dept Defense; Breast Cancer Res Prog, Atlanta, GA 2000;Jun 8-11.
- Chan LY, Chiu PY, Lau TK. An in-vitro study of ginsenoside Rb(1)-induced teratogenicity using a whole rat embryo culture model. Hum Reprod 2003;18:2166-8..
- Gurley BJ, Gardner SF, Hubbard MA, et al. Cytochrome P450 phenotypic ratios for predicting herb-drug interactions in humans. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2002;72:276-87.. PubMed
- Wiklund IK, Mattsson LA, Lindgren R, et al. Effects of a standardized ginseng extract on quality of life and physiological parameters in symptomatic postmenopausal women: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 1999;19:89-99..
- Hammond TG, Whitworth JA. Adverse reactions to ginseng [letter]. Med J Aust 1981;1:492.. PubMed
- Punnonen R, Lukola A. Oestrogen-like effect of ginseng. Br Med J 1980;281:1110.. PubMed
- Lee YJ, Jin YR, Lim WC, et al. Ginsenoside-Rb1 acts as a weak phytoestrogen in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Arch Pharm Res 2003;26:58-63.. PubMed
- Xu QF, Fang XL, Chen DF. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of ginsenoside Rb1 and Rg1 from Panax notoginseng in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2003;84:187-92. PubMed
- Jiang X, Williams KM, Liauw WS, et al. Effect of St John's wort and ginseng on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of warfarin in healthy subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2004;57:592-9. PubMed
- Yun YP, Do JH, Ko SR, et al. Effects of Korean red ginseng and its mixed prescription on the high molecular weight dextran-induced blood stasis in rats and human platelet aggregation. J Ethnopharmacol 2001;77:259-64. PubMed
- Wiwanikit V, Taungjarwinai W. A case report of suspected ginseng allergy. Medscape General Medicine 6 (3), 2004. Available at: www.medscape.com/viewarticle/482833 (Accessed 17 September 2004).
- Kabalak AA, Soyal OB, Urfalioglu A, et al. Menometrorrhagia and tachyarrhythmia after using oral and topical ginseng. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2004;13:830-3. PubMed
- Jiang X, Blair EY, McLachlan AJ. Investigation of the effects of herbal medicines on warfarin response in healthy subjects: a population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling approach. J Clin Pharmacol 2006;46:1370-8. PubMed
- Lee SH, Ahn YM, Ahn SY, et al. Interaction between warfarin and Panax ginseng in ischemic stroke patients. J Altern Complement Med 2008;14:715-721.
- Smith M, Lin KM, and Zheng YP. PIII-89 an open trial of nifedipine-herb interactions: Nifedipine with St. John's wort, ginseng or ginkgo biloba. Clin Pharm Ther 2001;69:P86.
- Mateo-Carrasco, H., Galvez-Contreras, M. C., Fernandez-Gines, F. D., and Nguyen, T. V. Elevated liver enzymes resulting from an interaction between Raltegravir and Panax ginseng: a case report and brief review. Drug Metabol.Drug Interact. 2012;27(3):171-1
- Oh, K. J., Chae, M. J., Lee, H. S., Hong, H. D., and Park, K. Effects of Korean red ginseng on sexual arousal in menopausal women: placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover clinical study. J Sex Med 2010;7(4 Pt 1):1469-1477. PubMed
- Kim, T. H., Jeon, S. H., Hahn, E. J., Paek, K. Y., Park, J. K., Youn, N. Y., and Lee, H. L. Effects of tissue-cultured mountain ginseng (Panax ginseng CA Meyer) extract on male patients with erectile dysfunction. Asian J Androl 2009;11(3):356-361. PubMed
- Hu, Z., Yang, X., Ho, P. C., Chan, S. Y., Heng, P. W., Chan, E., Duan, W., Koh, H. L., and Zhou, S. Herb-drug interactions: a literature review. Drugs 2005;65(9):1239-1282. PubMed
- Zhang, R., Jie, J., Zhou, Y., Cao, Z., and Li, W. Long-term effects of Panax ginseng on disposition of fexofenadine in rats in vivo. Am J Chin Med 2009;37(4):657-667.
- Lee, Y. H., Lee, B. K., Choi, Y. J., Yoon, I. K., Chang, B. C., and Gwak, H. S. Interaction between warfarin and Korean red ginseng in patients with cardiac valve replacement. Int J Cardiol. 11-19-2010;145(2):275-276. PubMed
- Liu, P., Yin, H., Xu, Y., Zhang, Z., Chen, K., and Li, Y. Effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on postimplantation rat and mouse embryos cultured in vitro. Toxicol In Vitro 2006;20(2):234-238. PubMed
- Liu, P., Xu, Y., Yin, H., Wang, J., Chen, K., and Li, Y. Developmental toxicity research of ginsenoside Rb1 using a whole mouse embryo culture model. Birth Defects Res B Dev Reprod Toxicol 2005;74(2):207-209. PubMed
- Gurley, B. J., Gardner, S. F., Hubbard, M. A., Williams, D. K., Gentry, W. B., Cui, Y., and Ang, C. Y. Clinical assessment of effects of botanical supplementation on cytochrome P450 phenotypes in the elderly: St John's wort, garlic oil, Panax ginseng and DOI
- Wesnes KA, Faleni RA, Hefting NR, and et al. The cognitive, subjective, and physical effects of a Ginkgo biloba/Panax ginseng combination in healthy volunteers with neurasthenic complaints. Psychopharmacol Bull 1997;33(4):677-683.
- Martínez-Mir I, Rubio E, Morales-Olivas FJ, Palop-Larrea V. Transient ischemic attack secondary to hypertensive crisis related to Panax ginseng. Ann Pharmacother 2004;38(11):1970.
- Kakisaka Y, Ohara T, Tozawa H, Sato S, Katayama S, Suzuki T, Hino-Fukuyo N, Kure S. Panax ginseng: a newly identified cause of gynecomastia. Tohoku J Exp Med 2012;228(2):143-5. PubMed
- Malati CY, Robertson SM, Hunt JD, Chairez C, Alfaro RM, Kovacs JA, Penzak SR. Influence of Panax ginseng on cytochrome P450 (CYP)3A and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) activity in healthy participants. J Clin Pharmacol 2012;52(6):932-9.
- Sen A. Orobuccolingual dyskinesia after long-term use of black cohosh and ginseng. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2013 Fall;25(4):E50. PubMed
- Oh MR, Park SH, Kim SY, Back HI, Kim MG, Jeon JY, Ha KC, Na WT, Cha YS, Park BH, Park TS, Chae SW. Postprandial glucose-lowering effects of fermented red ginseng in subjects with impaired fasting glucose or type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, pla
- Kim HG, Cho JH, Yoo SR, Lee JS, Han JM, Lee NH, Ahn YC, Son CG. Antifatigue effects of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. PLoS One 2013;8(4):e61271. PubMed
- Rhee MY, Kim YS, Bae JH, Nah DY, Kim YK, Lee MM, Kim HY. Effect of Korean red ginseng on arterial stiffness in subjects with hypertension. J Altern Complement Med 2011;17(1):45-9.
- Bilgi N, Bell K, Ananthakrishnan AN, Atallah E. Imatinib and Panax ginseng: a potential interaction resulting in liver toxicity. Ann Pharmacother 2010;44(5):926-8.
- Jalloh MA, Gregory PJ, Hein D, et al. Dietary supplement interactions with antiretrovirals: a systematic review. Int J STD AIDS. 2017 Jan;28(1):4-15. PubMed
- Shah SA, Occiano A, Nguyen TA, et al. Electrocardiographic and blood pressure effects of energy drinks and panax ginseng in healthy volunteers: a randomized clinical trial. Int J Cardiol. 2016 Sep 1;218:318-23. PubMed
- Yang L, Li CL, Tsai TH. Preclinical Herb-Drug Pharmacokinetic Interaction of Panax ginseng Extract and Selegiline in Freely Moving Rats. ACS Omega. 2020;5(9):4682-4688.
- Shen L, Gwak SR, Joo JC, et al. Effectiveness and safety of Panax ginseng extract on hepatic dysfunction: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020;2020:2689565.
- Kim Y, Jo JJ, Cho P, et al. Characterization of red ginseng-drug interaction by CYP3A activity increased in high dose administration in mice. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2020;41(7):295-306. PubMed
- Bessell E, Fuller NR, Markovic TP, et al. Effects of a-cyclodextrin on cholesterol control and hydrolyzed ginseng extract on glycemic control in people with prediabetes: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Netw Open 2020 Nov 2;3(11):e2023491.
- Lee SR, Hur K, Cho S. Subcorneal pustular dermatosis as a cause of pityriasis amiantacea in a young child. JAAD Case Rep 2021;18:40-44. PubMed
- Liu J, Chang D, Cordato D, et al. A pilot randomized controlled trial of WeiNaoKang (SaiLuoTong) in treating vascular dementia. Aging Med (Milton). 2022;5(4):246-256. PubMed
- Shin D, Yoon BI, Bang S, et al. Safety and Efficacy Assessment of Red Ginseng Oil (RXGIN) in Men with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. World J Mens Health 2023. PubMed
- Shin MB, Kim SA, Lee S, et al. Pharmacokinetic Comparison of Ginsenosides between Fermented and Non-Fermented Red Ginseng in Healthy Volunteers. Pharmaceutics 2022;14(12):2807. PubMed
- Gao J, Shi J, Ma X, et al. Effects of ginseng berry saponins from panax ginseng on glucose metabolism of patients with prediabetes: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. Phytomedicine 2024;132:155842. PubMed
- Cho SK, Song YJ, Han JY, Kim HW, Nam E, Sung YK. Effectiveness of Korean Red Ginseng on fatigue in patients with rheumatic diseases: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Korean J Intern Med 2024;39(4):680-690. PubMed
- Arabi SM, Shahraki-Jazinaki M, Nayyerabadi M, et al. The Effect of Ginseng Supplementation on Lipid Profile: GRADE-assessed Systematic Review and Dose-response Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Curr Pharm Des 2024;30(26):2047-205. PubMed
- Zeng X, Zhou X, Zhang A, et al. Pityriasis Rosea-Like Eruption following anti-fatigue traditional herbs: Aconitum carmichaelii Debx and Panax Ginseng suspected. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024;24(1):248. PubMed
Ginkgo 97 references
- Davydov L, Stirling AL. Stevens-Johnson syndrome with Ginkgo biloba. J Herb Pharmacother 2001;1:65-9. DOI
- Benjamin J, Muir T, Briggs K, Pentland B. A case of cerebral haemorrhage-can Ginkgo biloba be implicated? Postgrad Med J 2001;77:112-3.
- Matthews, MK. Association of Ginkgo biloba with intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurology 1998;50:1934.
- Rowin J, Lewis SL. Spontaneous bilateral subdural hemotomas with chronic Ginkgo biloba ingestion. Neurology 1996;46:1775-6.
- Rosenblatt M, Mindel T. Spontaneous hyphema associated with ingestion of Ginkgo biloba extract. N Engl J Med 1997;336:1108.
- Fessenden JM, Wittenborn W, Clarke L. Gingko biloba: a case report of herbal medicine and bleeding postoperatively from a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Am Surg 2001;67:33-5. DOI
- Gurley BJ, Gardner SF, Hubbard MA. Clinical assessment of potential cytochrome P450-mediated herb-drug interactions. AAPS Ann Mtg & Expo Indianapolis, IN: 2000; Oct 29 - Nov 2:presentation #3460.
- Cohen AJ, Bartlik B. Ginkgo biloba for antidepressant-induced sexual dysfunction. J Sex Marital Ther 1998;24:139-43. PubMed
- Kudolo GB. The effect of 3-month ingestion of Ginkgo biloba extract on pancreatic beta-cell function in response to glucose loading in normal glucose tolerant individuals. J Clin Pharmacol 2000;40:647-54.
- Heck AM, DeWitt BA, Lukes AL. Potential interactions between alternative therapies and warfarin. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2000;57:1221-7. DOI
- Cesarani A, Meloni F, Alpini D, et al. Ginkgo biloba (EGb 761) in the treatment of equilibrium disorders. Adv Ther 1998;15:291-304.
- Galluzzi S, Zanetti O, Binetti G, et al. Coma in a patient with Alzheimer's disease taking low dose trazodone and Ginkgo biloba. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2000;68:679-80. DOI
- Budzinski JW, Foster BC, Vandenhoek S, Arnason JT. An in vitro evaluation of human cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibition by selected commercial herbal extracts and tinctures. Phytomedicine 2000;7:273-82. PubMed
- Gregory PJ. Seizure associated with Ginkgo biloba? Ann Intern Med 2001;134:344.
- Granger AS. Ginkgo biloba precipitating epileptic seizures. Age Ageing 2001;30:523-5. PubMed
- Kajiyama Y, Fujii K, Takeuchi H, Manabe Y. Ginkgo seed poisoning. Pediatrics 2002;109:325-7. PubMed
- Miwa H, Iijima M, Tanaka S, Mizuno Y. Generalized convulsions after consuming a large amount of gingko nuts. Epilepsia 2001;42:280-1. DOI
- Burschka MA, Hassan HA, Reineke T, et al. Effect of treatment with Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 (oral) on unilateral idiopathic sudden hearing loss in a prospective randomized double-blind study of 106 outpatients. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2001;258:213- PubMed
- Miller LG, Freeman B. Possible subdural hematoma associated with Ginkgo biloba. J Herb Pharmacother 2002;2:57-63.
- Kudolo GB, Dorsey S, Blodgett J. Effect of the ingestion of Ginkgo biloba extract on platelet aggregation and urinary prostanoid excretion in healthy and Type 2 diabetic subjects. Thromb Res 2002;108:151-60.. PubMed
- Fong KC, Kinnear PE. Retrobulbar haemorrhage associated with chronic Ginkgo biloba ingestion. Postgrad Med J 2003;79:531-2..
- Gurley BJ, Gardner SF, Hubbard MA, et al. Cytochrome P450 phenotypic ratios for predicting herb-drug interactions in humans. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2002;72:276-87.. PubMed
- Kang BJ, Lee SJ, Kim MD, Cho MJ. A placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of Ginkgo biloba for antidepressant-induced sexual dysfunction. Hum Psychopharmacol 2002;17:279-84.
- Yale SH, Glurich I. Analysis of the inhibitory potential of Ginkgo biloba, Echinacea purpurea, and Serenoa repens on the metabolic activity of cytochrome P450 3A4, 2D6, and 2C9. J Altern Complement Med 2005;11:433-9.
- Yasui-Furukori N, Furukori H, Kaneda A, et al. The effects of Ginkgo biloba extracts on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of donepezil. J Clin Pharmacol 2004;44:538-42.
- Markowitz JS, Donovan JL, Lindsay DeVane C, et al. Multiple-dose administration of Ginkgo biloba did not affect cytochrome P-450 2D6 or 3A4 activity in normal volunteers. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2003;23:576-81. PubMed
- Arenz A, Kelin M, Flehe K, et al. Occurrence of neurotoxic 4'-O-methylpyridoxine in ginkgo biloba leaves, ginkgo medications and Japanese ginkgo food. Planta Med 1996;62:548-51.
- Engelsen J, Nielsen JD, Winther K. Effect of coenzyme Q10 and Ginkgo biloba on warfarin dosage in stable, long-term warfarin treated outpatients. A randomised, double blind, placebo-crossover trial. Thromb Haemost 2002;87:1075-6. DOI
- Gaudineau C, Beckerman R, Welbourn S, Auclair K. Inhibition of human P450 enzymes by multiple constituents of the Ginkgo biloba extract. Biochem Biophys Res Comm 2004;318:1072–8. PubMed
- Kohler S, Funk P, Kieser M. Influence of a 7-day treatment with Ginkgo biloba special extract EGb 761 on bleeding time and coagulation: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study in healthy volunteers. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2004;15:303–9. PubMed
- Jiang X, Williams KM, Liauw WS, et al. Effect of ginkgo and ginger on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of warfarin in healthy subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2005;59:425-32. PubMed
- Destro MW, Speranzini MB, Cavalheiro Filho C, et al. Bilateral haematoma after rhytidoplasty and blepharoplasty following chronic use of Ginkgo biloba. Br J Plast Surg 2005;58:100-1. PubMed
- Yin OQ, Tomlinson B, Waye MM, et al. Pharmacogenetics and herb-drug interactions: experience with Ginkgo biloba and omeprazole. Pharmacogenetics 2004;14:841-50. PubMed
- Bent S, Goldberg H, Padula A, Avins AL. Spontaneous bleeding associated with Ginkgo biloba: a case report and systematic review of the literature. J Gen Intern Med 2005;20;657-61. DOI
- Meisel C, Johne A, Roots I. Fatal intracerebral mass bleeding associated with Ginkgo biloba and ibuprofen. Atherosclerosis 2003;167:367. PubMed
- Bebbington A, Kulkarni R, Roberts P. Ginkgo biloba: Persistent bleeding after total hip arthroplasty caused by herbal self-medication. J Arthroplasty 2005;20:125-6. .
- Kupiec T, Raj V. Fatal seizures due to potential herb-drug interactions with Ginkgo biloba. J Anal Toxicol 2005:755-8. PubMed
- Hauser D, Gayowski T, Singh N. Bleeding complications precipitated by unrecognized Gingko biloba use after liver transplantation. Transpl Int 2002;15:377-9. DOI
- Mohutsky MA, Anderson GD, Miller JW, Elmer GW. Ginkgo biloba: evaluation of CYP2C9 drug interactions in vitro and in vivo. Am J Ther 2006;13:24-31. PubMed
- Kudolo GB. The effect of 3-month ingestion of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) on pancreatic beta-cell function in response to glucose loading in individuals with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Clin Pharmacol 2001;41:600-11.
- Pennisi RS. Acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis induced by the herbal remedy Ginkgo biloba. Med J Aust 2006;184:583-4. PubMed
- Yagmur E, Piatkowski A, Groger A, et al. Bleeding complication under Gingko biloba medication. Am J Hematol 2005;79:343-4. PubMed
- Vale S. Subarachnoid haemorrhage associated with Ginkgo biloba. Lancet 1998;352:36. PubMed
- Aruna D, Naidu MU. Pharmacodynamic interaction studies of Ginkgo biloba with cilostazol and clopidogrel in healthy human subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2007;63:333-8.
- Dugoua JJ, Mills E, Perri D, Koren G. Safety and efficacy of ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) during pregnancy and lactation. Can J Clin Pharmacol 2006;13:e277-84.
- Jiang X, Blair EY, McLachlan AJ. Investigation of the effects of herbal medicines on warfarin response in healthy subjects: a population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling approach. J Clin Pharmacol 2006;46:1370-8. PubMed
- Woelk H, Arnoldt KH, Kieser M, Hoerr R. Ginkgo biloba special extract EGb 761 in generalized anxiety disorder and adjustment disorder with anxious mood: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Psychiatr Res 2007;41:472-80. PubMed
- DeKosky ST, Williamson JD, Fitzpatrick AL, et al. Ginkgo biloba for prevention of dementia. JAMA 2008;300:2253-62.
- Dodge HH, Zitzelberger T, Oken BS, et al. A randomized placebo-controlled trial of ginkgo biloba for the prevention of cognitive decline. Neurology 2008;70(19 Pt 2):1809-17. PubMed
- Wiegman DJ, Brinkman K, Franssen EJ. Interaction of Ginkgo biloba with efavirenz. AIDS 2009;23:1184-5. PubMed
- Kim BH, Kim KP, Lim KS, et al. Influence of Ginkgo biloba extract on the pharmacodynamic effects and pharmacokinetic properties of ticlopidine: An open-label, randomized, two-period, two-treatment, two-sequence, single-dose crossover study in healthy Kor
- Salehi B, Imani R, Mohammadi MR, et al. Ginkgo biloba for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents: a double blind, randomized controlled trial. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2010;34:76-80. PubMed
- Kellermann AJ, Kloft C. Is there a risk of bleeding associated with standardized ginkgo biloba extract therapy? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pharmacotherapy 2011;31:490-502.
- Kuller LH, Ives DG, Fitzpatrick AL, et al. Does Ginkgo biloba reduce the risk of cardiovascular events? Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2010;3:41-7.
- Naccarato M, Yoong D, Gough K. A potential drug-herbal interaction between Ginkgo biloba and efavirenz. J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care (Chic). 2012;11(2):98-100. doi: 10.1177/1545109711435364. Epub 2012 Feb 9.
- Engelsen, J., Nielsen, J. D., and Hansen, K. F. [Effect of Coenzyme Q10 and Ginkgo biloba on warfarin dosage in patients on long-term warfarin treatment. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over trial]. Ugeskr.Laeger 4-28-2003;165(18):18
- Parsad, D., Pandhi, R., and Juneja, A. Effectiveness of oral Ginkgo biloba in treating limited, slowly spreading vitiligo. Clin Exp.Dermatol. 2003;28(3):285-287.
- Bal Dit, Sollier C., Caplain, H., and Drouet, L. No alteration in platelet function or coagulation induced by EGb761 in a controlled study. Clin Lab Haematol. 2003;25(4):251-253. PubMed
- Yoshioka, M., Ohnishi, N., Koishi, T., Obata, Y., Nakagawa, M., Matsumoto, T., Tagagi, K., Takara, K., Ohkuni, T., Yokoyama, T., and Kuroda, K. Studies on interactions between functional foods or dietary supplements and medicines. IV. Effects of ginkgo b
- Yoshioka, M., Ohnishi, N., Sone, N., Egami, S., Takara, K., Yokoyama, T., and Kuroda, K. Studies on interactions between functional foods or dietary supplements and medicines. III. Effects of ginkgo biloba leaf extract on the pharmacokinetics of nifedipi
- Lovera, J., Bagert, B., Smoot, K., Morris, C. D., Frank, R., Bogardus, K., Wild, K., Oken, B., Whitham, R., and Bourdette, D. Ginkgo biloba for the improvement of cognitive performance in multiple sclerosis: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Mult.S PubMed
- Lin, Y. Y., Chu, S. J., and Tsai, S. H. Association between priapism and concurrent use of risperidone and Ginkgo biloba. Mayo Clin Proc 2007;82(10):1289-1290.
- Robertson, S. M., Davey, R. T., Voell, J., Formentini, E., Alfaro, R. M., and Penzak, S. R. Effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on lopinavir, midazolam and fexofenadine pharmacokinetics in healthy subjects. Curr Med Res Opin 2008;24(2):591-599. PubMed
- Penzak, S. R., Busse, K. H., Robertson, S. M., Formentini, E., Alfaro, R. M., and Davey, R. T., Jr. Limitations of using a single postdose midazolam concentration to predict CYP3A-mediated drug interactions. J Clin Pharmacol 2008;48(6):671-680. PubMed
- May, B. H., Yang, A. W., Zhang, A. L., Owens, M. D., Bennett, L., Head, R., Cobiac, L., Li, C. G., Hugel, H., Story, D. F., and Xue, C. C. Chinese herbal medicine for Mild Cognitive Impairment and Age Associated Memory Impairment: a review of randomised
- Choi, W. S., Choi, C. J., Kim, K. S., Lee, J. H., Song, C. H., Chung, J. H., Ock, S. M., Lee, J. B., and Kim, C. M. To compare the efficacy and safety of nifedipine sustained release with Ginkgo biloba extract to treat patients with primary Raynaud's phe
- Lei, H. P., Wang, G., Wang, L. S., Ou-yang, D. S., Chen, H., Li, Q., Zhang, W., Tan, Z. R., Fan, L., He, Y. J., and Zhou, H. H. Lack of effect of Ginkgo biloba on voriconazole pharmacokinetics in Chinese volunteers identified as CYP2C19 poor and extensiv
- Russo, V., Stella, A., Appezzati, L., Barone, A., Stagni, E., Roszkowska, A., and Delle, Noci N. Clinical efficacy of a Ginkgo biloba extract in the topical treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2009;19(3):331-336. PubMed
- Fan, L., Tao, G. Y., Wang, G., Chen, Y., Zhang, W., He, Y. J., Li, Q., Lei, H. P., Jiang, F., Hu, D. L., Huang, Y. F., and Zhou, H. H. Effects of Ginkgo biloba extract ingestion on the pharmacokinetics of talinolol in healthy Chinese volunteers. Ann Phar PubMed
- Ozgoli, G., Selselei, E. A., Mojab, F., and Majd, H. A. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of Ginkgo biloba L. in treatment of premenstrual syndrome. J Altern.Complement Med 2009;15(8):845-851.
- Singh, V., Singh, S. P., and Chan, K. Review and meta-analysis of usage of ginkgo as an adjunct therapy in chronic schizophrenia. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2010;13(2):257-271.
- Kim, T. E., Kim, B. H., Kim, J., Kim, K. P., Yi, S., Shin, H. S., Lee, Y. O., Lee, K. H., Shin, S. G., Jang, I. J., and Yu, K. S. Comparison of the pharmacokinetics of ticlopidine between administration of a combined fixed-dose tablet formulation of ticl
- Nicolai, S. P., Gerardu, V. C., Kruidenier, L. M., Prins, M. H., and Teijink, J. A. From the Cochrane library: Ginkgo biloba for intermittent claudication. Vasa 2010;39(2):153-158. PubMed
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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
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