Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 3 of 4 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Purely-E Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by North American Herb & Spice

Purely-E label
See full label image
Liquid Category: Botanical With Nutrients
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Purely-E against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Purely-E is a dietary supplement by North American Herb & Spice with 4 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for memory and concentration, digestive upset, hair growth.Based on those ingredients, 373 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are wild Rosemary Oil, Red Palm Oil, Pumpkin seed Oil. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against Purely-E by North American Herb & Spice

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Purely-E by North American Herb & Spice — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Purely-E by North American Herb & Spice

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 1 of its 4 active ingredients.

This liquid contains four active ingredients. Wild rosemary oil is traditionally used for memory support.

Red palm oil provides vitamin A, pumpkin seed oil is used for prostate health, and there's a proprietary blend — a mix of other components the manufacturer doesn't detail individually on the label. The product contains no inactive fillers listed.

Does it work?

Strong evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Strong

Clinical evidence supports at least one of this product's ingredients for its stated purpose.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Skin health support.
  • We looked for evidence on: Sunburn, Wound healing, Vitamin A deficiency, Dermatitis, Skin elasticity, Anti-aging.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Palm Oil is rated "Likely Effective" for Vitamin A deficiency (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Rosemary is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Sunburn, Wound healing.

Rosemary is possibly effective for memory. Red palm oil is likely effective for vitamin A deficiency.

Pumpkin seed oil is possibly effective for benign prostatic hyperplasia — an enlarged prostate that can slow urination. The effectiveness of the proprietary blend isn't established in our data.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Rosemary Palm Oil Pumpkin

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 3 of the 3 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 3 of 3.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 3 of 3.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Rosemary is safe in normal food amounts, but concentrated extracts and undiluted oil need caution. Large or medicinal doses should be avoided in pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Red palm oil is fine as a food but is high in saturated fat — use in moderation — and concentrated supplements aren't well studied in pregnancy or breastfeeding. Pumpkin seed oil is generally well tolerated, though it may cause mild stomach discomfort, diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting.

In rare cases, anaphylaxis has been reported. Rosemary oil can potentially trigger seizures if undiluted, and topical use may cause allergic reactions, rash, or photosensitivity in sensitive people.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Rosemary Palm Oil Pumpkin

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 3 of the 3 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Rosemary, Pumpkin, Palm Oil.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; diabetes medications; lithium.
  • For scale: 373 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Double-check blood thinners (anticoagulants and antiplatelets) and aspirin-type drugs before using this product, as rosemary may increase bleeding risk. Also screen diabetes medications (risk of low blood sugar), lithium (pumpkin seed oil may raise levels), and any medications your liver breaks down quickly through the CYP1A2 pathway.

The proprietary blend wasn't checked for interactions.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with clinical evidence supporting its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product may work for memory and prostate health, but it carries interaction risks with blood thinners, diabetes drugs, lithium, and some other medications. If you take any prescription drugs — especially for bleeding or diabetes — check them here before starting.

Talk with your pharmacist about whether it fits your routine.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 3 of 4 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Feb 21, 2023.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Purely-E, straight from the product label.

Brand North American Herb & Spice
Barcode (UPC) 635824005070
Net contents 1 Fluid Ounce(s); 30 Milliliter(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Feb 21, 2023
DSLD ID 270078
Product type Botanical With Nutrients
Supplement form Liquid
Dietary claims / uses Nutrient, All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Purely-E by North American Herb & Spice, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
3 Drop(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
3 Drop(s)
Servings per container
286
UPC/BARCODE
635824005070
IngredientAmount% DV
wild Rosemary Oil0 NP--
Red Palm Oil0 NP--
Pumpkin seed Oil0 NP--
Proprietary Blend60 IU200%

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Directions: Take three drops under the tongue or in juice/water once daily. Add to smoothies. For skin health support also may be used topically.

Formula

Purely-E is the only whole vitamin E complex from naturally grown sunflower seeds.

Sunflower seed vitamin E

Formulation

Non-GMO, gluten-free, no additives, nothing artificial, soy-free

Skin health support-plus

Soy-free, non-GMO

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Purely-E by North American Herb & Spice label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Purely-E label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Purely-E by North American Herb & Spice

These are the 4 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size3 Drop(s) Dosage formLiquid Servings per container286 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Wild Rosemary Oil

Interacts with
372 drugs
0 NP per serving

Rosemary is a fragrant Mediterranean herb that is safe and flavorful in normal food amounts. Some early research suggests possible benefits for memory...

Wild Rosemary Oil monograph & interactions

Red Palm Oil

Interacts with
122 drugs
0 NP per serving

Palm oil is a widely used edible oil pressed from the fruit of the oil palm tree, and red palm oil is a notable source of vitamin A and vitamin E comp...

Red Palm Oil monograph & interactions

Pumpkin seed Oil

Interacts with
1 drug
0 NP per serving

Pumpkin is a nutritious squash, and its seeds and seed oil are the parts most often used as supplements, mainly for urinary and prostate symptoms. The...

Pumpkin seed Oil monograph & interactions

Proprietary Blend

60 IU per serving Form: Sunflower, Vitamin E
Interaction report

Purely-E by North American Herb & Spice Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Purely-E?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
373Drugs
213 Moderate 160 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

wild Rosemary Oil 372
Red Palm Oil 122
Pumpkin seed Oil 1

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Purely-E interact with 373 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

3 of the 4 ingredients in Purely-E interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. wild Rosemary Oil Red Palm Oil Pumpkin seed Oil

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Purely-E with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

wild Rosemary Oil6 drug types · 372 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, rosemary may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro and animal research suggests that rosemary inhibits platelet aggregation.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, taking rosemary with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Animal research shows that rosemary extract can decrease blood glucose levels in diabetic models. However, research in humans is conflicting. Although rosemary powder decreased blood glucose levels in healthy adults, no change in blood glucose levels was seen in adults with type 2 diabetes, most of whom were taking antidiabetes drugs.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Aspirin

Theoretically, rosemary might have additive effects with salicylate-containing drugs such as aspirin.
Rosemary is reported to contain salicylates.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Choline Magnesium Trisalicylate (Trilisate)

Theoretically, rosemary might have additive effects with salicylate-containing drugs such as choline magnesium trisalicylate.
Rosemary is reported to contain salicylate.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Salsalate (Disalcid)

Theoretically, rosemary might have additive effects with salicylate-containing drugs such as salsalate.
Rosemary is reported to contain salicylate.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, rosemary might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
In vitro research shows that rosemary induces CYP1A2 enzymes. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
wild Rosemary Oil full monograph & interactions

Red Palm Oil1 drug type · 122 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, palm oil might decrease the effectiveness of antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
The palm olein constituent in palm oil seems to increase platelet aggregation.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Red Palm Oil full monograph & interactions

Pumpkin seed Oil1 drug type · 1 drug

Lithium

Pumpkin might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium.
Pumpkin is thought to have diuretic properties. Theoretically, this might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium. The dose of lithium might need to be decreased.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Pumpkin seed Oil full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Purely-E, from the product label.

North American Herb & Spice

See all North American Herb & Spice products
Name
North American Herb & Spice
Street Address
13900 W. Polo Trail Drive
City
Lake Forest
State
IL
ZipCode
60045
Phone Number
1-800-243-5242
Web Address
www.oreganol.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Purely-E by North American Herb & Spice: Common Questions

Does Purely-E by North American Herb & Spice interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Purely-E has a known interaction with 373 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Purely-E contains 4 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is rosemary oil safe to take if I'm on aspirin?
Not without checking first. Rosemary contains salicylates and theoretically adds to aspirin's blood-thinning effects, which could increase your bleeding risk. Ask your pharmacist before you start.
Will this help my memory?
Rosemary is possibly effective for memory, so there's evidence behind it — but results vary. Your own response is the real test.
Can I take this while pregnant?
Food amounts of these ingredients are fine, but medicinal or large doses aren't well studied in pregnancy. Talk with your doctor before taking a concentrated supplement like this one.
What side effects might I notice?
Pumpkin seed oil may cause mild stomach upset, diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting. Rosemary oil — especially undiluted — can trigger seizures in some people, and topical exposure might cause allergic rash. In rare cases, anaphylaxis has been reported.
Does this product have fillers or additives?
No inactive ingredients are listed on the label. It's a concentrated liquid of the four active ingredients.
What is the proprietary blend in here?
The label doesn't break down what's in that blend — manufacturers aren't required to. We can't check it for interactions either, so mention it to your pharmacist if you're concerned.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Purely-E is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Purely-E label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Purely-E’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Rosemary

Interacts with 372 drugs

Rosemary is a fragrant Mediterranean herb that is safe and flavorful in normal food amounts. Some early research suggests possible benefits for memory, mood, and hair growth, but the evidenc...

Read the full Rosemary monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Palm Oil

Interacts with 122 drugs

Palm oil is a widely used edible oil pressed from the fruit of the oil palm tree, and red palm oil is a notable source of vitamin A and vitamin E compounds called tocotrienols. As a food it...

Read the full Palm Oil monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Pumpkin

Interacts with 1 drug

Pumpkin is a nutritious squash, and its seeds and seed oil are the parts most often used as supplements, mainly for urinary and prostate symptoms. The evidence for these uses is limited and...

Read the full Pumpkin monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Purely-E's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 37 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Rosemary 20 references
  1. Newall CA, Anderson LA, Philpson JD. Herbal Medicine: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. London, UK: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1996.
  2. Foster S, Tyler VE. Tyler's Honest Herbal: A Sensible Guide to the Use of Herbs and Related Remedies. 3rd ed., Binghamton, NY: Haworth Herbal Press, 1993.
  3. The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
  4. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  5. Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.
  6. Cartier LC, Lehrer A, Malo JL. Occupational asthma caused by aromatic herbs. Allergy 1996;51:647-9. DOI
  7. Burkhard PR, Burkhardt K, Haenggeli CA, Landis T. Plant-induced seizures: reappearance of an old problem. J Neurol 1999;246:667-70. PubMed
  8. Swain AR, Dutton SP, Truswell AS. Salicylates in foods. J Am Diet.Assoc 1985;85(8):950-60. DOI
  9. Zhu BT, Loder DP, Cai MX, et al. Dietary administration of an extract from rosemary leaves enhances the liver microsomal metabolism of endogenous estrogens and decreases their uterotropic action in CD-1 mice. Carcinogenesis 1998;19(10):1821-7. PubMed
  10. Debersac P, Heydel JM, Amiot MJ, et al. Induction of cytochrome P450 and/or detoxication enzymes by various extracts of rosemary: description of specific patterns. Food Chem Toxicol 2001;39(9):907-18. PubMed
  11. Debersac P, Vernevaut MF, Amiot MJ, et al. Effects of a water-soluble extract of rosemary and its purified component rosmarinic acid on xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes in rat liver. Food Chem Toxicol 2001;39(2):109-17. PubMed
  12. Lee JJ, Jin YR, Lee JH, et al. Antiplatelet activity of carnosic acid, a phenolic diterpene from Rosmarinus officinalis. Planta Med 2007;73(2):121-7.
  13. Yamamoto J, Yamada K, Naemura A, et al. Testing various herbs for antithrombotic effect. Nutrition 2005;21(5):580-7. PubMed
  14. Naemura A, Ura M, Yamashita T, et al. Long-term intake of rosemary and common thyme herbs inhibits experimental thrombosis without prolongation of bleeding time. Thromb Res 2008;122(4):517-22. PubMed
  15. Lee JJ, Jin YR, Lim Y, et al. Antiplatelet activity of carnosol is mediated by the inhibition of TXA2 receptor and cytosolic calcium mobilization. Vascul Pharmacol 2006;45:148-53. PubMed
  16. Bakirel, T., Bakirel, U., Keles, O. U., Ulgen, S. G., and Yardibi, H. In vivo assessment of antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) in alloxan-diabetic rabbits. J Ethnopharmacol 2-28-2008;116(1):64-73. PubMed
  17. Erenmemisoglu, A., Saraymen, R., and Ustun, S. Effect of a Rosmarinus officinalis leave extract on plasma glucose levels in normoglycaemic and diabetic mice. Pharmazie 1997;52(8):645-646.
  18. Valones MAA, Silva ICG, Gueiros LAM, Leão JC, Caldas AF Jr, Carvalho AAT. Clinical assessment of rosemary-based toothpaste (Rosmarinus officinalis Linn.): A randomized controlled double-blind study. Braz Dent J. 2019;30(2):146-151. PubMed
  19. Quirarte-Báez SM, Zamora-Perez AL, Reyes-Estrada CA, et al. A shortened treatment with rosemary tea (rosmarinus officinalis) instead of glucose in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (TSD). J Popul Ther Clin Pharmacol. 2019;26(4):e18-e28.
  20. Al Jamal A. Effect of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) on lipid profiles and blood glucose in human diabetic patients (type-2). African J. Biochem. Res. 2014;8(8):147-50. DOI

See these in context on the Rosemary monograph →

Palm Oil 12 references
  1. Radhika MS, Bhaskaram P, Balakrishna N, Ramalakshmi BA. Red palm oil supplementation: a feasible diet-based approach to improve vitamin A status of pregnant women and their infants. Food Nutr Bull 2003;24:208-17.
  2. Zagre NM, Delpeuch F, Traissac P, Delisle H. Red palm oil as a source of vitamin A for mothers and children: impact of a pilot project in Burkina Faso. Public Health Nutr 2003;6:733-42. PubMed
  3. Lietz G, Henry CJ, Mulokozi G, et al. Comparison of the effects of supplemental red palm oil and sunflower oil on maternal vitamin A status. Am J Clin Nutr 2001;74:501-9. PubMed
  4. Sanchez-Muniz FJ, Oubina P, Rodenas S, et al. Platelet aggregation, thromboxane production and thrombogenic ratio in postmenopausal women consuming high oleic acid-sunflower oil or palmolein. Eur J Nutr 2003:42:299-306. PubMed
  5. Vega-Lopez, S., Ausman, L. M., Jalbert, S. M., Erkkila, A. T., and Lichtenstein, A. H. Palm and partially hydrogenated soybean oils adversely alter lipoprotein profiles compared with soybean and canola oils in moderately hyperlipidemic subjects. Am J Cli
  6. Cater, N. B., Heller, H. J., and Denke, M. A. Comparison of the effects of medium-chain triacylglycerols, palm oil, and high oleic acid sunflower oil on plasma triacylglycerol fatty acids and lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in humans. Am.J Clin.Nutr PubMed
  7. Fattore E, Bosetti C, Brighenti F, et al. Palm oil and blood lipid-related markers of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of dietary intervention trials. Am J Clin Nutr 2014;99:1331-50. PubMed
  8. Sun Y, Neelakantan N, Wu Y, et al. Palm oil consumption increases LDL cholesterol compared with vegetable oils low in saturated fat in a meta-analysis of clinical trials. J Nutr 2015;145:1549-58. PubMed
  9. Chen BK, Seligman B, Farquhar JW, Goldhaber-Fiebert JD. Multi-Country analysis of palm oil consumption and cardiovascular disease mortality for countries at different stages of economic development: 1980-1997. Global Health 2011;7:45. PubMed
  10. Voon PT, Lee ST, Ng TKW, et al. Intake of palm olein and lipid status in healthy adults: a meta-analysis. Adv Nutr 2019;10(4):647-59. PubMed
  11. Wang F, Zhao D, Yang Y, Zhang L. Effect of palm oil consumption on plasma lipid concentrations related to cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2019;28(3):495-506.
  12. Hisham MDB, Aziz Z, Huin WK, Teoh CH, Jamil AHA. The effects of palm oil on serum lipid profiles: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2020;29(3):523-536.

See these in context on the Palm Oil monograph →

Pumpkin 5 references
  1. Marks L, Partin AW, Epstein JI, et al. Effects of a saw palmetto herbal blend in men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol 2000;163:1451-6. DOI
  2. Cho YH, Lee SY, Jeong DW, et al. Effect of pumpkin seed oil on hair growth in men with androgenetic alopecia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2014;2014:549721. PubMed
  3. Vahlensieck W, Theurer C, Pfitzer E, Patz B, Banik N, Engelmann U. Effects of pumpkin seed in men with lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia in the one-year, randomized, placebo-controlled GRANU study. Urol Int 2015;94(3):286-95 PubMed
  4. Assouly P. Hair loss associated with cucurbit poisoning. JAMA Dermatol. 2018 May 1;154(5):617-618. PubMed
  5. Gawryjolek J, Ludwig H, Zbikowska-Götz M, Bartuzi Z, Krogulska A. Anaphylaxis after consumption of pumpkin seeds in a 2-y-old child tolerant to its pulp: A case study. Nutrition 2021;89:111272. PubMed

See these in context on the Pumpkin monograph →

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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