Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Pygeum & Saw Palmetto Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by NOW

Pygeum & Saw Palmetto label
See full label image
Softgel Capsule Category: Botanical With Nutrients
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 9, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Pygeum & Saw Palmetto against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Pygeum & Saw Palmetto is a dietary supplement by NOW with 3 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for benign prostatic hyperplasia (bph) symptoms, urinary problems, hair loss.Based on those ingredients, 175 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Saw Palmetto Berry Extract, Pumpkin Seed Oil. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against Pygeum & Saw Palmetto by NOW

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Pygeum & Saw Palmetto by NOW — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Pygeum & Saw Palmetto by NOW

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 5 of its 5 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

This softgel contains five ingredients total: three active ones and two types of fat. The active ingredients are saw palmetto berry extract, pumpkin seed oil, and pygeum bark extract — all traditional plant-based choices for prostate and urinary health.

The fats (monounsaturated and polyunsaturated) are likely there to help your body absorb the botanical extracts. The capsule itself is made from gelatin, glycerin, water, and carob.

Does it work?

Strong evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Strong

Clinical evidence supports at least one of this product's ingredients for its stated purpose.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: healthy urinary tract and prostate function.
  • We looked for evidence on: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), Non-neurogenic lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), Overactive bladder, Prostatitis, Chronic prostatitis and chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS), urinary flow — and 1 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Pygeum is rated "Likely Effective" for Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Pumpkin is rated "Possibly Effective" for Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
  • Also on file: Saw Palmetto is rated "Possibly Ineffective" for Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Saw palmetto is rated possibly ineffective for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) — the most common prostate condition — though it's possibly effective specifically for people recovering from a prostate procedure called transurethral resection. For other uses like hair loss or chronic bronchitis, the evidence isn't strong enough to rate.

Pumpkin seed oil is rated possibly effective for BPH. Pygeum bark extract is rated likely effective for BPH, making it the strongest candidate in this blend for that purpose.

The evidence for the other two ingredients on other conditions remains insufficient.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Saw Palmetto Pumpkin Pygeum

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 3 of the 3 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 3 of 3.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 3 of 3.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

All three active ingredients are generally well tolerated when taken by mouth, with mild and reversible side effects in most people. The most common are abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, nausea, headache, dizziness, and fatigue.

Rare serious effects like anaphylaxis have been reported with pumpkin products. Saw palmetto specifically can occasionally trigger fixed drug eruptions (localized blisters), and both saw palmetto and pumpkin have rare cardiovascular reports on file, though these are uncommon.

Pregnancy is a firm no: saw palmetto is rated likely unsafe in pregnancy due to hormonal effects and lack of safety data, and pygeum has no established safe use there either. Breastfeeding data is insufficient for both saw palmetto and pygeum, so those are best avoided — pumpkin as a food is fine, but concentrated seed-oil supplements lack safety studies during nursing.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Saw Palmetto Pumpkin Pygeum

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 2 of the 3 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Pumpkin, Saw Palmetto.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; lithium.
  • For scale: 175 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Check this product against estrogens and birth control pills (saw palmetto may reduce their effectiveness), blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs like aspirin or clopidogrel (saw palmetto may increase bleeding risk — Moderate severity), and lithium (pumpkin seed oil may raise its levels — Moderate severity). These are the main medication types to watch.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with clinical evidence supporting its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This is a three-ingredient prostate formula with pygeum as the strongest evidence-backed choice for BPH. If you take estrogen, birth control, blood thinners, or lithium, you need to check with your pharmacist before starting.

Pregnant or breastfeeding? Skip this one.

It's generally well tolerated, but run your full medication list through the tool below first.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 3 of 5 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jul 25, 2024.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Pygeum & Saw Palmetto, straight from the product label.

Brand NOW
Barcode (UPC) 733739047281
Net contents 60 Softgel(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jul 25, 2024
DSLD ID 314011
Product type Botanical With Nutrients
Supplement form Softgel Capsule
Dietary claims / uses Nutrient, All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Kosher, Adult Male (18-50 Years), Seniors/Mature (>50 Years) - Men ONLY, Gluten Free, Dairy Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Pygeum & Saw Palmetto by NOW, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
2 Softgel(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
2 Softgel(s)
Servings per container
30
UPC/BARCODE
733739047281
IngredientAmount% DV
Calories15 Calorie(s)--
Total Fat1.5 Gram(s)2%
Monounsaturated Fat0.75 Gram(s)--
Polyunsaturated Fat0.75 Gram(s)--
Saw Palmetto Berry Extract160 mg--
Pumpkin Seed Oil1.5 Gram(s)--
Pygeum Bark Extract50 mg--

Other ingredients: Gelatin, Glycerin, Water, Carob

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested Usage: Take 2 softgels twice daily with food.

Formula

Pygeum & Saw Palmetto is a combination of botanical extracts that promote healthy urinary tract function.

NOW has utilized Pumpkin Seed Oil as a base for this product as a nutritional oil contributing essential fatty acids and phytosterols that are important for men's health.

Men's health

Pygeum & Saw Palmetto with Pumpkin Seed Oil

Triangle K (Kosher) Contains Gelatin

Triangle K (Kosher) Contains Gelatin

Formulation

Each of these plant extracts is known to help support healthy urinary flow and healthy prostate function.

Natural color variation may occur in this product.

Supports healthy prostate function

Non-GMO

Not manufactured with yeast, wheat, gluten, soy, milk, egg, fish, shellfish or sesame ingredients.

Made and quality tested in the USA with globally sourced ingredients.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Precautions

Caution: For adults only.

Consult physician if pregnant/nursing, taking medication, or have a medical condition.

Keep out of reach of children.

Not manufactured with yeast, wheat, gluten, soy, milk, egg, fish, shellfish or sesame ingredients. Produced in a GMP facility that processes other ingredients containing these allergens.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place after opening.

General Statements

This bottle is made from 100% PCR (post-consumer recycled) resin.

Botanicals/Herbs Family owned since 1968.

FDA Statement of Identity

A Dietary Supplement

Seals/Symbols

Triangle K (Kosher) Contains Gelatin

GMP Quality Assured

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Pygeum & Saw Palmetto by NOW label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Pygeum & Saw Palmetto label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Pygeum & Saw Palmetto by NOW

These are the 3 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size2 Softgel(s) Dosage formSoftgel Capsule Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Saw Palmetto Berry Extract

Interacts with
174 drugs
160 mg per serving Form: Fatty Acids

Saw palmetto is a plant extract most often used for urinary symptoms linked to an enlarged prostate (BPH). The best research suggests it works no bett...

Saw Palmetto Berry Extract monograph & interactions

Pumpkin Seed Oil

Interacts with
1 drug
1.5 Gram(s) per serving

Pumpkin is a nutritious squash, and its seeds and seed oil are the parts most often used as supplements, mainly for urinary and prostate symptoms. The...

Pumpkin Seed Oil monograph & interactions

Pygeum Bark Extract

No known
interactions
50 mg per serving Form: Phytosterols

Pygeum is an extract from the bark of the African cherry tree that is most often used to ease urinary symptoms linked to an enlarged prostate. Some st...

Pygeum Bark Extract monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Gelatin, Glycerin, Water, Carob. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Pygeum & Saw Palmetto by NOW Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Pygeum & Saw Palmetto?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
175Drugs
175 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Saw Palmetto Berry Extract 174
Pumpkin Seed Oil 1

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Pygeum & Saw Palmetto interact with 175 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

2 of the 3 ingredients in Pygeum & Saw Palmetto interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Saw Palmetto Berry Extract Pumpkin Seed Oil

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Pygeum & Saw Palmetto with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Saw Palmetto Berry Extract3 drug types · 174 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Saw palmetto might increase the risk of bleeding with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Saw palmetto is reported to prolong bleeding time. Theoretically, it might increase the risk of bleeding when used concomitantly with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Contraceptive Drugs

Saw palmetto might reduce the effectiveness of contraceptive drugs.
Saw palmetto might have antiestrogenic effects. Theoretically, it might interfere with contraceptive drugs taken concomitantly.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Estrogens

Saw palmetto might reduce the effectiveness of estrogens.
Saw palmetto might have antiestrogenic effects. Theoretically, it might interfere with estrogens taken concomitantly.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Saw Palmetto Berry Extract full monograph & interactions

Pumpkin Seed Oil1 drug type · 1 drug

Lithium

Pumpkin might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium.
Pumpkin is thought to have diuretic properties. Theoretically, this might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium. The dose of lithium might need to be decreased.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Pumpkin Seed Oil full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Pygeum & Saw Palmetto, from the product label.

NOW

See all NOW products
Name
NOW FOODS
Street Address
395 S. Glen Ellyn Rd.
City
Bloomingdale
State
IL
ZipCode
60108
Web Address
nowfoods.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Pygeum & Saw Palmetto by NOW: Common Questions

Does Pygeum & Saw Palmetto by NOW interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Pygeum & Saw Palmetto has a known interaction with 175 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Pygeum & Saw Palmetto contains 3 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Will this hurt my birth control?
Saw palmetto, one of the three active ingredients here, might reduce how well your birth control works by interfering with estrogen. It's a Moderate-severity interaction. Talk to your pharmacist or doctor before adding this supplement if you're on hormonal contraception.
Can I take this if I'm on a blood thinner?
No — saw palmetto may increase your bleeding risk when combined with blood thinners (anticoagulants) or antiplatelet drugs. This is a Moderate interaction. Check with your pharmacist or doctor before taking this product.
Is this safe in pregnancy?
No. Saw palmetto is rated likely unsafe in pregnancy because of possible hormone effects and lack of safety data. Pygeum also has no established safe use during pregnancy. Skip this product if you're pregnant or planning to be.
What are the main side effects?
All three active ingredients are generally well tolerated. The most common side effects are mild — abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, nausea, headache, dizziness, and fatigue. Rare serious effects like heart rhythm problems or severe allergic reaction have been reported in individual cases, but are uncommon.
Does pygeum or saw palmetto actually work for an enlarged prostate?
Pygeum is rated likely effective for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Saw palmetto is rated possibly ineffective for BPH, though it may help people recovering from a specific prostate procedure. Pumpkin seed oil is possibly effective. The pygeum in this blend has the strongest evidence.
Can I breastfeed while taking this?
Not safely — saw palmetto and pygeum lack sufficient safety data for breastfeeding, so both should be avoided. Pumpkin as food is fine, but concentrated seed-oil supplements haven't been well studied either. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist for a safer alternative.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Pygeum & Saw Palmetto is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Pygeum & Saw Palmetto label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Pygeum & Saw Palmetto’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Saw Palmetto

Interacts with 174 drugs

Saw palmetto is a plant extract most often used for urinary symptoms linked to an enlarged prostate (BPH). The best research suggests it works no better than a placebo for most men, though i...

Read the full Saw Palmetto monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Pumpkin

Interacts with 1 drug

Pumpkin is a nutritious squash, and its seeds and seed oil are the parts most often used as supplements, mainly for urinary and prostate symptoms. The evidence for these uses is limited and...

Read the full Pumpkin monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Pygeum

Pygeum is an extract from the bark of the African cherry tree that is most often used to ease urinary symptoms linked to an enlarged prostate. Some studies suggest modest benefit for these s...

Read the full Pygeum monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Pygeum & Saw Palmetto's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 30 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Saw Palmetto 22 references
  1. Wilt TJ, Ishani A, Stark G, et al. Saw palmetto extracts for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review. JAMA 1998;280:1604-9. PubMed
  2. Carraro JC, Raynaud JP, Koch G, et al. Comparison of phytotherapy (Permixon) with finasteride in the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia: a randomized international study of 1,098 patients. Prostate 1996;29:231-40. DOI
  3. Di Silverio F, D'Eramo G, Lubrano C, et al. Evidence that Serenoa repens extract displays an antiestrogenic activity in prostatic tissue of benign prostatic hypertrophy patients. Eur Urol 1992;21:309-14. PubMed
  4. Stepanov VN, Siniakova LA, Sarrazin B, Raynaud JP. Efficacy and tolerability of the lipidosterolic extract of Serenoa repens (Permixon) in benign prostatic hyperplasia: a double-blind comparison of two dosage regimens. Adv Ther 1999;16:231-41.
  5. Cheema P, El-Mefty O, Jazieh AR. Intraoperative haemorrhage associated with the use of extract of Saw Palmetto herb: a case report and review of literature. J Intern Med 2001;250:167-9. PubMed
  6. Jibrin I, Erinle A, Saidi A, Aliyu ZY. Saw palmetto-induced pancreatitis. South Med J 2006;99:611-2. PubMed
  7. Prager N, Bickett K, French N, Marcovici G. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to determine the effectiveness of botanically derived inhibitors of 5-alpha-reductase in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia. J Altern Complement Med 2002
  8. Avins AL, Bent S, Staccone S, et al. A detailed safety assessment of a saw palmetto extract. Complement Ther Med 2008;16:147-54. PubMed
  9. Morgia, G., Mucciardi, G., Gali, A., Madonia, M., Marchese, F., Di, Benedetto A., Romano, G., Bonvissuto, G., Castelli, T., Macchione, L., and Magno, C. Treatment of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome category IIIA with Serenoa repens plus
  10. Aliaev, IuG, Vinarov, A. Z., Lokshin, K. L., and Spivak, L. G. [Efficiency and safety of prostamol-Uno in patients with chronic abacterial prostatitis]. Urologiia. 2006;(1):47-50.
  11. Agbabiaka, T. B., Pittler, M. H., Wider, B., and Ernst, E. Serenoa repens (saw palmetto): a systematic review of adverse events. Drug Saf 2009;32(8):637-647. PubMed
  12. Wargo, K. A., Allman, E., and Ibrahim, F. A possible case of saw palmetto-induced pancreatitis. South.Med.J. 2010;103(7):683-685. PubMed
  13. Lapi, F., Gallo, E., Giocaliere, E., Vietri, M., Baronti, R., Pieraccini, G., Tafi, A., Menniti-Ippolito, F., Mugelli, A., Firenzuoli, F., and Vannacci, A. Acute liver damage due to Serenoa repens: a case report. Br.J.Clin.Pharmacol. 2010;69(5):558-560.
  14. Mantovani, F. Serenoa repens in benign prostatic hypertrophy: analysis of 2 Italian studies. Minerva Urol.Nefrol. 2010;62(4):335-340.
  15. Hanaka, M., Yoshii, C., Yatera, K., Ito, C., Chojin, Y., Nagata, S., Yamasaki, K., Nishida, C., Kawanami, T., Kawanami, Y., Ishimoto, H., and Mukae, H. [A case of rhabdomyolysis caused by saw palmetto of healthy foods]. J.UOEH. 6-1-2012;34(2):193-199. PubMed
  16. Miroddi, M., Carni, A., Mannucci, C., Moleti, M., Navarra, M., and Calapai, G. Hot flashes in a young girl: a wake-up call concerning Serenoa repens use in children. Pediatrics 2012;130(5):e1374-e1376.
  17. Braeckman J. The extract of Serenoa repens in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a multicenter open study. Current Therapeutic Research 1994;55(7):776-785. DOI
  18. Jipescu D, Patel A, Bohra H, Pientka A. Rare case of saw palmetto induced heart block. JACC 2017;69(11) supplement:2310.
  19. Morabito P, Miroddi M, Giovinazzo S, Spina E, Calapai G. Serenoa repens as an endocrine disruptor in a 10-year-Old young girl: a new case report. Pharmacology. 2015;96(1-2):41-3. doi: 10.1159/000431327.
  20. Gammoudi R, Ameur K, Ouni B, et al. Fixed drug eruption to Serenoa repens: first case report and consideration of the use of herbal medicine. Dermatol Ther 2020 Aug 29:e14247.
  21. Paulis G, Paulis A, Perletti G. Serenoa repens and its effects on male sexual function. A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Arch Ital Urol Androl 2021;93(4):475-480. PubMed
  22. Venkateswaran S, Declet-Bauzo R, Shodeinde M, Gilford P. Postoperative Retroperitoneal Hematoma: A Case of Saw Palmetto and the Importance of Primary Care Intervention. HCA Healthc J Med 2020;1(5):279-282. PubMed

See these in context on the Saw Palmetto monograph →

Pumpkin 5 references
  1. Marks L, Partin AW, Epstein JI, et al. Effects of a saw palmetto herbal blend in men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol 2000;163:1451-6. DOI
  2. Cho YH, Lee SY, Jeong DW, et al. Effect of pumpkin seed oil on hair growth in men with androgenetic alopecia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2014;2014:549721. PubMed
  3. Vahlensieck W, Theurer C, Pfitzer E, Patz B, Banik N, Engelmann U. Effects of pumpkin seed in men with lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia in the one-year, randomized, placebo-controlled GRANU study. Urol Int 2015;94(3):286-95 PubMed
  4. Assouly P. Hair loss associated with cucurbit poisoning. JAMA Dermatol. 2018 May 1;154(5):617-618. PubMed
  5. Gawryjolek J, Ludwig H, Zbikowska-Götz M, Bartuzi Z, Krogulska A. Anaphylaxis after consumption of pumpkin seeds in a 2-y-old child tolerant to its pulp: A case study. Nutrition 2021;89:111272. PubMed

See these in context on the Pumpkin monograph →

Pygeum 3 references
  1. Ishani A, MacDonald R, Nelson D, et al. Pygeum africanum for the treatment of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review and quantitative meta-analysis. Am J Med 2000;109:654-64.. PubMed
  2. Wilt T, Ishani A, Mac Donald R, et al. Pygeum africanum for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002;CD001044.. PubMed
  3. Andro M and Riffaud J. Pygeum africanum extract for the treatment of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a review of 25 years of published experience. Curr Ther Res 1995;56(8):796-817. DOI

See these in context on the Pygeum monograph →

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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