Rhino Double Horn Libi XX Ingredients & Drug Interactions
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Rhino Double Horn Libi XX against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Rhino Double Horn Libi XX is a dietary supplement by Samson Pharmaceuticals with 6 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for flavoring and culinary use, digestive complaints like bloating and indigestion, boosting absorption of other supplements.Based on those ingredients, 1,364 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Black Pepper, Horny Goat Weed, Rauwolfia serpentina. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Rhino Double Horn Libi XX by Samson Pharmaceuticals
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX by Samson Pharmaceuticals — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Rhino Double Horn Libi XX by Samson Pharmaceuticals
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Low disclosure
Rhino Double Horn Libi XX contains 6 active ingredients. Black pepper provides piperine, which may enhance absorption of other compounds.
Zinc gluconate is a mineral form of zinc. Horny goat weed is a traditional herbal extract.
Rauwolfia serpentina (Indian snakeroot) is a plant containing alkaloid compounds including reserpine. The product also includes Oryza sativa extract (rice extract) and white willow bark.
Inactive ingredients include gelatin capsules and rice powder.
Does it work?
Not established
Evidence for this product's effectiveness is not established in the data we hold. Black pepper, zinc, horny goat weed, and Rauwolfia serpentina all show insufficient reliable evidence or no rating for their intended uses in this supplement.
The facts provide no effectiveness information for Oryza sativa extract or white willow bark.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Black pepper is generally well tolerated in food amounts, though concentrated supplements warrant caution. Common side effects are burning aftertaste, indigestion, and reduced taste; allergic reactions are rare.
Zinc is well tolerated below 40 mg daily but can cause stomach cramps, diarrhea, metallic taste, and nausea at higher doses. Horny goat weed is tolerated short-term, with reported dizziness, dry mouth, nosebleeds, thirst, and vomiting; one rare case of respiratory arrest was noted.
Rauwolfia serpentina carries serious cautions: it contains potent alkaloids that can trigger depression, abnormal heart rhythms, and other severe effects, especially at high doses or with long-term use. The safety data advises against horny goat weed and Rauwolfia serpentina in pregnancy and breastfeeding.
No pregnancy or breastfeeding data are on file for black pepper, zinc, Oryza sativa extract, or white willow bark.
Meds to double-check
Major interaction found
Before taking this product, check your exact medications against these Major-severity interactions with Rauwolfia serpentina: beta-blockers, antipsychotic drugs, levodopa, and digoxin (heart medication). Also check for Moderate interactions with black pepper (propranolol, anti-HIV drugs, antibiotics, anti-seizure and asthma medications), zinc (antibiotics, HIV drugs, chemotherapy), and horny goat weed (blood pressure drugs, estrogens, blood thinners, and drugs processed by liver enzymes).
Use the medication checker below.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with no established evidence rating for its marketed use. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
This product combines several potent herbal ingredients and carries significant medication interactions, especially if you take heart medications, blood pressure drugs, antiretrovirals, seizure drugs, or blood thinners. Rauwolfia serpentina in particular requires careful medical supervision and is not appropriate in pregnancy or while nursing.
Talk with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, especially if you're on any prescriptions.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 5 of 6 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Dec 18, 2021.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Rhino Double Horn Libi XX, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Samson Pharmaceuticals |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 610466048500 |
| Net contents | 1 Capsule(s); 500 mg |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Dec 18, 2021 |
| DSLD ID | 263704 |
| Product type | Botanical With Nutrients |
| Supplement form | Capsule |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult Male (18-50 Years) |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Rhino Double Horn Libi XX by Samson Pharmaceuticals, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Proprietary Blend | 450 mg | -- |
| Black Pepper | 0 NP | -- |
| Zinc Gluconate | 50 mg | 333% |
| Oryza sativa Extract | 0 NP | -- |
| Horny Goat Weed | 0 NP | -- |
| White Willow Bark | 0 NP | -- |
| Rauwolfia serpentina | 0 NP | -- |
Other ingredients: Gelatin Capsule, Rice powder
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Seals/Symbols
FDA Registered 100% Premium Guaranteed Quality
Made In U.S.A.
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
Formula
Male sexual enhancer
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Directions: Take one capsule 60-90 minutes prior to sexual activity. Do not take with food, it works best when taken in between meals, or at least one hour after eating.
Precautions
Warning: Consult with a physician to determine if this product is safe for you to use or not. This product contains herbs, powders and extracts that can have an effect on your health.
Do not take if you have any heart issues, high blood pressure, liver issues, or any condition you are being treated for.
This product is not intended to cure any disease or condition. Do not take if you have any heart issues, high blood pressure, liver issues, or any condition you are being treated for. Consult your physician before you take this product or any sexual enhancement product.
Keep out of reach of children.
Caution: Do not take more than one capsule per 24 hour period.
Not intended for use by persons under the age of 18
Formulation
Effects are normally active only when physically stimulated.
FDA Disclaimer Statement
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any diseases.
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Rhino Double Horn Libi XX by Samson Pharmaceuticals label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Rhino Double Horn Libi XX by Samson Pharmaceuticals
These are the 6 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container1 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Proprietary Blend
- › Black Pepper
- › Oryza sativa Extract
- › Horny Goat Weed
- › White Willow Bark
- › Rauwolfia serpentina
Zinc Gluconate
Interacts with67 drugs
Zinc is an essential mineral that your body needs for immune function, wound healing, taste, and smell. Most people get enough from food, but suppleme...
Zinc Gluconate monograph & interactionsOther (inactive) ingredients: Gelatin Capsule, Rice powder. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Rhino Double Horn Libi XX by Samson Pharmaceuticals Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Rhino Double Horn Libi XX by Samson Pharmaceuticals contains several ingredients with documented interactions with medications.
The most serious concern is Rauwolfia serpentina (Indian snakeroot), which carries Major-severity interactions with beta-blockers, antipsychotic drugs, levodopa, and digoxin. These interactions can cause dangerous drops in heart rate, reduced effectiveness of Parkinson's medication, or increased cardiac risk.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Black pepper interacts with blood pressure medication (propranolol), anti-HIV drugs (nevirapine, ritonavir, integrase inhibitors, bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide), antibiotics (rifampin, cephalexin, tetracyclines), anti-seizure medication (phenytoin), the immunosuppressant cyclosporine, the sedative pentobarbital, the cholesterol drug atorvastatin, and the asthma medication theophylline — all rated Moderate severity. Zinc gluconate also carries Moderate interactions with quinolone and tetracycline antibiotics, cephalexin, penicillamine, HIV medications (ritonavir, integrase inhibitors, bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide), and the chemotherapy drug cisplatin.
Horny goat weed has six Moderate interactions with blood pressure drugs, estrogens, blood thinners (anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs), and drugs broken down by liver enzymes (CYP1A2, CYP2B6, and CYP3A4 substrates).
We could not check Oryza sativa extract or white willow bark — no data is on file for them. Altogether, these interactions span 1,349 individual medications.
Use the medication checker on this page to confirm whether your exact prescriptions are affected before you start.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Rhino Double Horn Libi XX?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Rhino Double Horn Libi XX interact with 1,364 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
4 of the 6 ingredients in Rhino Double Horn Libi XX interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Black Pepper Horny Goat Weed Rauwolfia serpentina Zinc Gluconate
AcebutololRhotral, Sectral
How Acebutolol interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaBeta-blockers, Antihypertensive Drugs Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Indian snakeroot with beta-blockers might increase the risk of bradycardia and/or hypotension.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Acebutolol interactionHorny Goat WeedAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full Horny Goat Weed + Acebutolol interactionAcepromazineAtravet
How Acepromazine interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaCns Depressants, Antipsychotic Drugs Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Indian snakeroot might cause additive sedative effects.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Acepromazine interactionAcetophenazineTindal
How Acetophenazine interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaAntipsychotic Drugs Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk of adverse effects.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Acetophenazine interactionAmitriptyline, PerphenazineEtrafon, Etrafon-A, Etrafon-Forte, Triavil
How Amitriptyline, Perphenazine interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Tricyclic Antidepressants (tcas) +2 Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Indian snakeroot might inhibit CYP2D6 enzymes and reduce the metabolism of CYP2D6 substrates.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Amitriptyline, Perphenazine interactionBlack PepperCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Black Pepper + Amitriptyline, Perphenazine interactionHorny Goat WeedCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the effects and side effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Horny Goat Weed + Amitriptyline, Perphenazine interactionAripiprazoleAbilify, Abilify Maintena, Abilify Mycite
How Aripiprazole interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Antipsychotic Drugs +1 Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Indian snakeroot might inhibit CYP2D6 enzymes and reduce the metabolism of CYP2D6 substrates.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Aripiprazole interactionBlack PepperCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Black Pepper + Aripiprazole interactionHorny Goat WeedCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the effects and side effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Horny Goat Weed + Aripiprazole interactionAripiprazole LauroxilAristada, Aristada Initio Kit
How Aripiprazole Lauroxil interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaCns Depressants, Antipsychotic Drugs +1 Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Indian snakeroot might cause additive sedative effects.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Aripiprazole Lauroxil interactionHorny Goat WeedCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the effects and side effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Horny Goat Weed + Aripiprazole Lauroxil interactionBlack PepperCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Black Pepper + Aripiprazole Lauroxil interactionAsenapineSaphris, Secuado
How Asenapine interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaAntipsychotic Drugs Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk of adverse effects.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Asenapine interactionHorny Goat WeedCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the effects and side effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Horny Goat Weed + Asenapine interactionBlack PepperCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might decrease levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Black Pepper + Asenapine interactionAtenololAtenix, Tenormin
How Atenolol interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaBeta-blockers, Antihypertensive Drugs Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Indian snakeroot with beta-blockers might increase the risk of bradycardia and/or hypotension.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Atenolol interactionHorny Goat WeedAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full Horny Goat Weed + Atenolol interactionAtenolol, ChlortalidoneAtenixCo, Tenoret 50, Totaretic
How Atenolol, Chlortalidone interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaBeta-blockers, Antihypertensive Drugs Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Indian snakeroot with beta-blockers might increase the risk of bradycardia and/or hypotension.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Atenolol, Chlortalidone interactionHorny Goat WeedAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full Horny Goat Weed + Atenolol, Chlortalidone interactionAtenolol, ChlorthalidoneTenoretic
How Atenolol, Chlorthalidone interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaBeta-blockers, Antihypertensive Drugs Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Indian snakeroot with beta-blockers might increase the risk of bradycardia and/or hypotension.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Atenolol, Chlorthalidone interactionHorny Goat WeedAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full Horny Goat Weed + Atenolol, Chlorthalidone interactionBendroflumethiazide, NadololCorzide
How Bendroflumethiazide, Nadolol interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaBeta-blockers, Antihypertensive Drugs Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Indian snakeroot with beta-blockers might increase the risk of bradycardia and/or hypotension.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Bendroflumethiazide, Nadolol interactionHorny Goat WeedAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full Horny Goat Weed + Bendroflumethiazide, Nadolol interactionBenserazide, LevodopaMadopar, Prolopa
How Benserazide, Levodopa interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaLevodopa Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Indian snakeroot with levodopa may reduce the effectiveness of levodopa.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Benserazide, Levodopa interactionBetaxololBetoptic, Kerlone
How Betaxolol interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaBeta-blockers, Antihypertensive Drugs Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Indian snakeroot with beta-blockers might increase the risk of bradycardia and/or hypotension.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Betaxolol interactionHorny Goat WeedAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full Horny Goat Weed + Betaxolol interactionBisoprololZebeta
How Bisoprolol interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Beta-blockers +1 Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Indian snakeroot might inhibit CYP2D6 enzymes and reduce the metabolism of CYP2D6 substrates.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Bisoprolol interactionBlack PepperCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Black Pepper + Bisoprolol interactionHorny Goat WeedAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full Horny Goat Weed + Bisoprolol interactionBisoprolol, HydrochlorothiazideZiac
How Bisoprolol, Hydrochlorothiazide interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaBeta-blockers, Antihypertensive Drugs +1 Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Indian snakeroot with beta-blockers might increase the risk of bradycardia and/or hypotension.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Bisoprolol, Hydrochlorothiazide interactionHorny Goat WeedAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full Horny Goat Weed + Bisoprolol, Hydrochlorothiazide interactionBlack PepperCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Black Pepper + Bisoprolol, Hydrochlorothiazide interactionBrexpiprazoleRexulti
How Brexpiprazole interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Antipsychotic Drugs Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Indian snakeroot might inhibit CYP2D6 enzymes and reduce the metabolism of CYP2D6 substrates.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Brexpiprazole interactionHorny Goat WeedCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the effects and side effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Horny Goat Weed + Brexpiprazole interactionBlack PepperCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Black Pepper + Brexpiprazole interactionButaperazineRepoise
How Butaperazine interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaAntipsychotic Drugs Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk of adverse effects.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Butaperazine interactionCarbidopa, LevodopaDhivy, Rytary, Sinemet, Sinemet CR
How Carbidopa, Levodopa interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaLevodopa Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Indian snakeroot with levodopa may reduce the effectiveness of levodopa.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Carbidopa, Levodopa interactionCarbidopa, Levodopa, EntacaponeStalevo
How Carbidopa, Levodopa, Entacapone interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaLevodopa Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Indian snakeroot with levodopa may reduce the effectiveness of levodopa.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Carbidopa, Levodopa, Entacapone interactionCariprazine HydrochlorideVraylar
How Cariprazine Hydrochloride interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaAntipsychotic Drugs Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk of adverse effects.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Cariprazine Hydrochloride interactionBlack PepperCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Black Pepper + Cariprazine Hydrochloride interactionHorny Goat WeedCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the effects and side effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Horny Goat Weed + Cariprazine Hydrochloride interactionCarphenazineProketazin
How Carphenazine interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaAntipsychotic Drugs Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk of adverse effects.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Carphenazine interactionCarteololCartrol, Ocupress
How Carteolol interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaBeta-blockers, Antihypertensive Drugs Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Indian snakeroot with beta-blockers might increase the risk of bradycardia and/or hypotension.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Carteolol interactionHorny Goat WeedAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full Horny Goat Weed + Carteolol interactionCarvedilolCoreg, Coreg CR
How Carvedilol interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaBeta-blockers, Antihypertensive Drugs +1 Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Indian snakeroot with beta-blockers might increase the risk of bradycardia and/or hypotension.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Carvedilol interactionHorny Goat WeedAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full Horny Goat Weed + Carvedilol interactionBlack PepperCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Black Pepper + Carvedilol interactionCeliprololCelicard
How Celiprolol interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaAntihypertensive Drugs, Beta-blockers Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of Indian snakeroot and antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Celiprolol interactionBlack PepperP-glycoprotein Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of P-glycoprotein substrates.
Read the full Black Pepper + Celiprolol interactionHorny Goat WeedAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full Horny Goat Weed + Celiprolol interactionChlorpromazineThorazine, Thorazine Spansules
How Chlorpromazine interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaAntipsychotic Drugs, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +1 Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk of adverse effects.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Chlorpromazine interactionBlack PepperCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Black Pepper + Chlorpromazine interactionChlorprothixeneTaractan
How Chlorprothixene interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaAntipsychotic Drugs Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk of adverse effects.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Chlorprothixene interactionClozapineClozaril, Versacloz
How Clozapine interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaAntipsychotic Drugs, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk of adverse effects.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Clozapine interactionHorny Goat WeedCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the effects and side effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Horny Goat Weed + Clozapine interactionBlack PepperCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might decrease levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Black Pepper + Clozapine interactionCyamemazineTercian
How Cyamemazine interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaCns Depressants, Antipsychotic Drugs Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Indian snakeroot might cause additive sedative effects.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Cyamemazine interactionDigoxinDigitek, Lanoxicaps, Lanoxin
How Digoxin interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaDigoxin (lanoxin) Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking Indian snakeroot with digoxin might increase the risk of bradycardia.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Digoxin interactionBlack PepperP-glycoprotein Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of P-glycoprotein substrates.
Read the full Black Pepper + Digoxin interactionDorzolamide Hydrochloride, Timolol MaleateCosopt PF
How Dorzolamide Hydrochloride, Timolol Maleate interacts with Rhino Double Horn Libi XX — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Rauwolfia SerpentinaCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Beta-blockers Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Indian snakeroot might inhibit CYP2D6 enzymes and reduce the metabolism of CYP2D6 substrates.
Read the full Rauwolfia Serpentina + Dorzolamide Hydrochloride, Timolol Maleate interactionBlack PepperCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Black Pepper + Dorzolamide Hydrochloride, Timolol Maleate interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Rhino Double Horn Libi XX with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Black Pepper
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, black pepper might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
In vitro research shows that piperine, a constituent of black pepper, seems to inhibit platelet aggregation. This has not been reported in humans.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, black pepper might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Animal research shows that piperine, a constituent of black pepper, can reduce blood glucose levels. Monitor blood glucose levels closely. Dose adjustments might be necessary.
Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
Theoretically, black pepper might increase blood levels of atorvastatin.
Animal research shows that taking piperine, a constituent of black pepper, 35 mg/kg can increase the maximum serum concentration of atorvastatin three-fold. This has not been reported in humans.
Cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune)
Theoretically, black pepper might increase the effects and side effects of cyclosporine.
In vitro research shows that piperine, a constituent of black pepper, increases the bioavailability of cyclosporine. This has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
In vitro research suggests that some constituents of black pepper inhibit CYP2D6. This has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
In vitro research and pharmacokinetic simulation data suggest that piperine, a constituent of black pepper, as well as the pepper fruit seem to inhibit CYP3A4. This has not been reported in humans.
Lithium
Theoretically, black pepper might increase blood levels of lithium due to its diuretic effects. The dose of lithium might need to be reduced.
Black pepper is thought to have diuretic properties.
Nevirapine (Viramune)
Black pepper might increase blood levels of nevirapine.
Clinical research shows that piperine, a constituent of black pepper, increases the plasma concentration of nevirapine. However, no adverse effects were observed in this study.
P-Glycoprotein Substrates
Theoretically, black pepper might increase levels of P-glycoprotein substrates.
In vitro research shows that piperine, a constituent of black pepper, seems to inhibit P-glycoprotein.
Pentobarbital (Nembutal)
Theoretically, black pepper might increase the sedative effects of pentobarbital.
Animal research shows that piperine, a constituent of black pepper, increases pentobarbital-induced sleeping time.
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Black pepper might increase blood levels of phenytoin.
Clinical research shows that piperine, a constituent of black pepper, seems to increase absorption, slow elimination, and increase levels of phenytoin. Taking a single dose of black pepper 1 gram along with phenytoin seems to double the serum concentration of phenytoin. Consuming a soup with black pepper providing piperine 44 mg/200 mL of soup along with phenytoin also seems to increase phenytoin levels when compared with consuming the same soup without black pepper.
Propranolol (Inderal)
Black pepper might increase blood levels of propranolol.
Clinical research shows that piperine, a constituent of black pepper, seems to increase absorption and slow elimination of propranolol.
Rifampin (Rifadin)
Black pepper might increase blood levels of rifampin.
Clinical research shows that piperine, a constituent of black pepper, seems to increase absorption and serum levels of rifampin.
Theophylline
Black pepper might increase blood levels of theophylline.
Clinical research shows that piperine, a constituent of black pepper, seems to increase absorption and slow elimination of theophylline.
Amoxicillin (Amoxil, Trimox)
Theoretically, black pepper might increase the effects and side effects of amoxicillin.
Animal research shows that taking piperine, a constituent of black pepper, with amoxicillin increases plasma levels of amoxicillin. This has not been reported in humans.
Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Theoretically, black pepper might increase blood levels of carbamazepine, potentially increasing the effects and side effects of carbamazepine.
One clinical study in patients taking carbamazepine 300 mg or 500 mg twice daily shows that taking a single 20 mg dose of purified piperine, a constituent of black pepper, increases carbamazepine levels. Piperine may increase carbamazepine absorption by increasing blood flow to the GI tract, increasing the surface area of the small intestine, or inhibiting cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) in the gut wall. Absorption was significantly increased by 7-10 mcg/mL/hour. The time to eliminate carbamazepine was also increased by 4-8 hours. Although carbamazepine levels were increased, this did not appear to increase side effects. In vitro research also shows that piperine can increase carbamazepine levels by 11% in a time-dependent manner.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Theoretically, black pepper might decrease levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
In vitro research suggests that black pepper induces CYP1A2. This has not been reported in humans.
Horny Goat Weed
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the risk of bleeding.
In vitro research and animal research shows that horny goat weed can inhibit platelet aggregation and thrombus formation. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the risk of hypotension.
Laboratory research suggests that horny goat weed might have hypotensive effects. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the effects and side effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
In vitro, horny goat weed leaf extract inhibits CYP1A2. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (Cyp2B6) Substrates
Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the effects and side effects of CYP2B6 substrates.
In vitro, horny goat weed leaf extract inhibits CYP2B6. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the effects and side effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
In vitro, horny goat weed extract inhibits CYP3A4 and suppresses CYP3A4 mRNA expression. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Estrogens
Theoretically, concomitant use of horny goat weed with estrogens might increase their therapeutic and adverse effects.
In vitro evidence suggests that horny goat weed has estrogenic activity. In clinical research, horny goat weed has been shown to increase blood levels of estrogen in some females.
Rauwolfia serpentina
Antipsychotic Drugs
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk of adverse effects.
Concomitant use of neuroleptics with Indian snakeroot may potentiate the effects of these drugs, as well as the alkaloid constituents of Indian snakeroot.
Beta-Blockers
Theoretically, taking Indian snakeroot with beta-blockers might increase the risk of bradycardia and/or hypotension.
Indian snakeroot contains small amounts of reserpine. Reserpine causes catecholamine-depletion. Concomitant use of Indian snakeroot and beta-blockers might increase the risk or bradycardia and/or hypotension.
Digoxin (Lanoxin)
Theoretically, taking Indian snakeroot with digoxin might increase the risk of bradycardia.
Bradycardia has been reported in clinical trials using Indian snakeroot. Concomitant use of digoxin with Indian snakeroot might potentiate this effect.
Levodopa
Theoretically, taking Indian snakeroot with levodopa may reduce the effectiveness of levodopa.
Extrapyramidal motor symptoms and Parkinson-like symptoms have been reported in clinical trials using Indian snakeroot. Concomitant use of Indian snakeroot with levodopa may reduce the effectiveness of levodopa and increase extrapyramidal motor symptoms.
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, taking Indian snakeroot might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Indian snakeroot contains small amounts of the drug yohimbine. In vitro research shows that yohimbine inhibits platelet aggregation.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, concomitant use of Indian snakeroot with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Animal research shows that Indian snakeroot lowers blood glucose levels. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, concomitant use of Indian snakeroot and antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Indian snakeroot, which contains reserpine, can reduce both systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
Cns Depressants
Theoretically, taking Indian snakeroot might cause additive sedative effects.
Sedation and drowsiness have been reported in clinical trials using Indian snakeroot.
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates
Theoretically, Indian snakeroot might inhibit CYP2D6 enzymes and reduce the metabolism of CYP2D6 substrates.
Indian snakeroot contains small amounts of the drug yohimbine. In vitro research shows that yohimbine inhibits CYP2D6 enzyme activity.
Ephedrine
Theoretically, taking Indian snakeroot with ephedrine might alter the effects and side effects of ephedrine.
Indian snakeroot contains small amounts of reserpine. Reserpine reduces indirect sympathomimetic drug activity. However, another constituent of Indian snakeroot, yohimbine, has stimulant activity and may increase the risk of adverse effects with ephedrine.
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (Maois)
Theoretically, taking Indian snakeroot with MAOIs might cause additive effects.
Yohimbine, a constituent of Indian snakeroot, has MAO inhibitory effects. At high doses, yohimbine is a non-selective inhibitor of MAO.
Stimulant Drugs
Theoretically, concomitant use might cause additive effects.
Yohimbine, a constituent of Indian snakeroot, has sympathomimetic effects and increases blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner. Theoretically, taking Indian snakeroot with stimulant drugs can have additive stimulant and hypertensive effects.
Tricyclic Antidepressants (Tcas)
Theoretically, concomitant use might alter the effects of Indian snakeroot and increase the risk of adverse effects.
A small clinical study in patients taking TCAs for at least 4 weeks shows that receiving doses of intravenous yohimbine, a constituent of Indian snakeroot, 2.5-20 mg daily for up to 7 days precipitates severe anxiety, agitation, and tremor. Also, concomitant use of TCAs with Indian snakeroot may decrease the effects of other rauwolfia alkaloids.
Zinc Gluconate
Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide (Biktarvy)
Theoretically, zinc might decrease levels of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide by reducing its absorption.
Advise patients that bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide should be taken at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after zinc containing products.
Cephalexin (Keflex)
Zinc might decrease cephalexin levels by chelating with cephalexin in the gut and preventing its absorption.
A pharmacokinetic study shows that zinc sulfate 250 mg taken concomitantly with cephalexin 500 mg decreases peak levels of cephalexin by 31% and reduces the exposure to cephalexin by 27%. Also, taking zinc sulfate 3 hours before cephalexin decreases peak levels of cephalexin by 11% and reduces the exposure to cephalexin by 18%. By decreasing cephalexin levels, zinc might increase the risk of treatment failure. This effect does not occur when zinc is taken 3 hours after the cephalexin dose. To avoid an interaction, advise patients take zinc sulfate 3 hours after taking cephalexin.
Cisplatin (Platinol-Aq)
Theoretically, zinc might interfere with the therapeutic effects of cisplatin.
Animal research suggests that zinc stimulates tumor cell production of the protein metallothionein, which binds and inactivates cisplatin. It is not known whether zinc supplements or high dietary zinc intake can cause clinically significant interference with cisplatin therapy. Cisplatin might also increase zinc excretion.
Integrase Inhibitors
Theoretically, taking zinc along with integrase inhibitors might decrease the levels and clinical effects of these drugs.
Zinc is a divalent cation. Pharmacokinetic studies have shown that other divalent cations such as calcium and iron can decrease blood levels of the integrase inhibitor dolutegravir through chelation.
Penicillamine (Cuprimine, Depen)
Zinc might reduce the levels and clinical effects of penicillamine.
By forming an insoluble complex with penicillamine, zinc interferes with penicillamine absorption and activity. Zinc supplements reduce the efficacy of low-dose penicillamine (0.5-1 gram/day), but do not seem to affect higher doses (1-2.75 gram/day), provided dosing times are separated. Advise patients to take zinc and penicillamine at least 2 hours apart.
Quinolone Antibiotics
Zinc can decrease the levels and clinical effects of quinolones antibiotics.
Quinolones form complexes with zinc in the gastrointestinal tract, reducing absorption of both the quinolone and zinc if taken at the same time. Advise patients to take these drugs at least 2 hours before, or 4-6 hours after, zinc supplements.
Ritonavir (Norvir)
Zinc modestly reduces levels of ritonavir.
Clinical research shows that zinc might reduce serum ritonavir levels by chelating with ritonavir in the gut and preventing its absorption. In patients with HIV, ritonavir is taken with atazanavir to prevent the metabolism and increase the effects of atazanavir. A pharmacokinetic study shows that, in patients being treated with atazanavir/ritonavir, co-administration of zinc sulfate (Solvazinc tablets) 125 mg as a single dose or as multiple daily doses for 2 weeks reduces plasma levels of ritonavir by about 16%. However, atazanavir levels still remains high enough to prevent HIV virus replication. Therefore, the decrease in ritonavir levels is not likely to be clinically significant.
Tetracycline Antibiotics
Zinc might reduce levels of tetracycline antibiotics.
Tetracyclines form complexes with zinc in the gastrointestinal tract, which can reduce absorption of both the tetracycline and zinc when taken at the same time. Taking zinc sulfate 200 mg with tetracycline reduces absorption of the antibiotic by 30% to 40%. Demeclocycline and minocycline cause a similar interaction. However, doxycycline does not seem to interact significantly with zinc. Advise patients to take tetracyclines at least 2 hours before, or 4-6 hours after, zinc supplements to avoid any interactions.
Amiloride (Midamor)
Amiloride can modestly reduce zinc excretion and increase zinc levels.
Clinical research shows that amiloride can reduce urinary zinc excretion, especially at doses of 10 mg per day or more. This zinc-sparing effect can help to counteract zinc losses caused by thiazide diuretics, but it is unlikely to cause zinc toxicity at usual amiloride doses. The other potassium-sparing diuretics, spironolactone (Aldactone) and triamterene (Dyrenium), do not seem to have a zinc-sparing effect.
Atazanavir (Reyataz)
Zinc modestly reduces levels of atazanavir, although this effect does not seem to be clinically significant.
Clinical research shows that zinc might decrease serum atazanavir levels by chelating with atazanavir in the gut and preventing its absorption. Although a single dose of zinc sulfate (Solvazinc tablets) 125 mg orally does not affect atazanavir concentrations in patients being treated with atazanavir/ritonavir, co-administration of zinc sulfate 125 mg daily for 2 weeks reduces plasma levels of atazanavir by about 22% in these patients. However, despite this decrease, atazanavir levels still remain at high enough concentrations for the prevention of HIV virus replication.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Rhino Double Horn Libi XX, from the product label.
Samson Pharmaceuticals
See all Samson Pharmaceuticals products- Name
- Samson Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- City
- Commerce
- State
- CA
- ZipCode
- 90040
- Phone Number
- (877) 888-8460
- Web Address
- www.samsonstore.com
Rhino Double Horn Libi XX by Samson Pharmaceuticals: Common Questions
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Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Rhino Double Horn Libi XX’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Black Pepper
Interacts with 1,019 drugsBlack pepper is a common kitchen spice that is generally safe in the amounts used in food. Its extract, piperine, is mostly added to supplements to help the body absorb other ingredients (li...
Read the full Black Pepper monograph → Herb & supplement monographBlack Rice
Black rice is a nutritious whole-grain food that is rich in fiber, plant protein, and antioxidant pigments called anthocyanins. Eaten as part of a balanced diet it is a healthy choice, but s...
Read the full Black Rice monograph → Herb & supplement monographHorny Goat Weed
Interacts with 963 drugsHorny goat weed (Epimedium) is a traditional Chinese herb most often marketed for low libido and erectile problems, but solid human evidence for these uses is lacking. While short-term use s...
Read the full Horny Goat Weed monograph → Herb & supplement monographIndian Snakeroot
Interacts with 843 drugsIndian snakeroot is a traditional Ayurvedic plant that contains reserpine, a compound with real blood-pressure-lowering and sedative effects. Because its potent alkaloids can cause serious s...
Read the full Indian Snakeroot monograph → Herb & supplement monographZinc
Interacts with 67 drugsZinc is an essential mineral that your body needs for immune function, wound healing, taste, and smell. Most people get enough from food, but supplements can help correct or prevent a defici...
Read the full Zinc monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Rhino Double Horn Libi XX's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 173 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Black Pepper 29 references
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- Bano G, et al. Effect of piperine on bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of propranolol and theophylline in healthy volunteers. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1991;41;615-7. PubMed
- Cohle SD, Trestrail JD III, Graham MA, et al. Fatal pepper aspiration. Am J Dis Child 1988;142:633-6. PubMed
- Bhardwaj RK, Glaeser H, Becquemont L, et al. Piperine, a major constituent of black pepper, inhibits human P-glycoprotein and CYP3A4. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2002;302:645-50. PubMed
- Velpandian T, Jasuja R, Bhardwaj RK, et al. Piperine in food: interference in the pharmacokinetics of phenytoin. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2001;26:241-7. PubMed
- Pattanaik S, Hota D, Prabhakar S, et al. Pharmacokinetic interaction of a single dose of piperine with steady-state carbamazepine in epilepsy patients. Phytother Res 2009;23:1281-6.
- Munakata, M., Kobayashi, K., Niisato-Nezu, J., Tanaka, S., Kakisaka, Y., Ebihara, T., Ebihara, S., Haginoya, K., Tsuchiya, S., and Onuma, A. Olfactory stimulation using black pepper oil facilitates oral feeding in pediatric patients receiving long-term en
- Myers, B. M., Smith, J. L., and Graham, D. Y. Effect of red pepper and black pepper on the stomach. Am J Gastroenterol 1987;82(3):211-214.
- Raghavendra, R. H. and Naidu, K. A. Spice active principles as the inhibitors of human platelet aggregation and thromboxane biosynthesis. Prostaglandins Leukot.Essent.Fatty Acids 2009;81(1):73-78. PubMed
- Subehan, Usia, T., Kadota, S., and Tezuka, Y. Mechanism-based inhibition of human liver microsomal cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) by alkamides of Piper nigrum. Planta Med 2006;72(6):527-532.
- Kasibhatta, R. and Naidu, M. U. Influence of piperine on the pharmacokinetics of nevirapine under fasting conditions: a randomised, crossover, placebo-controlled study. Drugs R.D. 2007;8(6):383-391. PubMed
- Usia, T., Iwata, H., Hiratsuka, A., Watabe, T., Kadota, S., and Tezuka, Y. CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 inhibitory activities of Indonesian medicinal plants. Phytomedicine. 2006;13(1-2):67-73. PubMed
- Mujumdar, A. M., Dhuley, J. N., Deshmukh, V. K., Raman, P. H., Thorat, S. L., and Naik, S. R. Effect of piperine on pentobarbitone induced hypnosis in rats. Indian J Exp.Biol. 1990;28(5):486-487.
- Panda, S. and Kar, A. Piperine lowers the serum concentrations of thyroid hormones, glucose and hepatic 5'D activity in adult male mice. Horm.Metab Res. 2003;35(9):523-526. PubMed
- Lawless, H. and Stevens, D. A. Effects of oral chemical irritation on taste. Physiol Behav. 1984;32(6):995-998. PubMed
- Hiwale, A. R., Dhuley, J. N., and Naik, S. R. Effect of co-administration of piperine on pharmacokinetics of beta-lactam antibiotics in rats. Indian J Exp.Biol. 2002;40(3):277-281.
- Han, Y., Chin Tan, T. M., and Lim, L. Y. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the effects of piperine on P-gp function and expression. Toxicol.Appl.Pharmacol. 8-1-2008;230(3):283-289. PubMed
- Sharma, P., Varma, M. V., Chawla, H. P., and Panchagnula, R. In situ and in vivo efficacy of peroral absorption enhancers in rats and correlation to in vitro mechanistic studies. Farmaco 2005;60(11-12):874-883. PubMed
- Aher, S., Biradar, S., Gopu, C. L., and Paradkar, A. Novel pepper extract for enhanced P-glycoprotein inhibition. J Pharm.Pharmacol. 2009;61(9):1179-1186. PubMed
- Zutshi, R. K., Singh, R., Zutshi, U., Johri, R. K., and Atal, C. K. Influence of piperine on rifampicin blood levels in patients of pulmonary tuberculosis. J Assoc.Physicians India 1985;33(3):223-224.
- Marotta, R. B. and Floch, M. H. Diet and nutrition in ulcer disease. Med Clin North Am 1991;75(4):967-979. PubMed
- Subehan, Usia, T., Iwata, H., Kadota, S., and Tezuka, Y. Mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 by Indonesian medicinal plants. J Ethnopharmacol. 5-24-2006;105(3):449-455. PubMed
- Gimenez L, Zacharisen M. Severe pepper allergy in a young child. WMJ. 2011 Jun;110(3):138-9.
- Ren T, Yang M, Xiao M, Zhu J, Xie W, Zuo Z. Time-dependent inhibition of carbamazepine metabolism by piperine in anti-epileptic treatment. Life Sci. 2019;218:314-323. PubMed
- Thomas AB, Choudhary DC, Raje A, Nagrik SS. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic herb-drug interaction of piperine with atorvastatin in rats. J Chromatogr Sci 2021;59(4):371-80. PubMed
- Haron MH, Dale O, Martin K, et al. Evaluation of the Herb-Drug Interaction Potential of Commonly Used Botanicals on the US Market with Regard to PXR- and AhR-Mediated Influences on CYP3A4 and CYP1A2. J Diet Suppl 2022. PubMed
- Lin F, Hu Y, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Zhong D, Liu J. Predicting Food-Drug Interactions between Piperine and CYP3A4 Substrate Drugs Using PBPK Modeling. Int J Mol Sci 2024;25(20):10955. PubMed
Zinc 88 references
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- Eby GA, Davis DR, Halcomb WW. Reduction in duration of common colds by zinc gluconate lozenges in a double-blind study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1984;25:20-4. DOI
- Smith DS, Helzner EC, Nuttall CE Jr, et al. Failure of zinc gluconate in treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1989;33:646-8. PubMed
- Blondeau JM. Expanded activity and utility of the new fluoroquinolones: a review. Clin Ther 1999;21:3-40. PubMed
- Reyes AJ, Olhaberry JV, Leary WP, et al. Urinary zinc excretion, diuretics, zinc deficiency and some side-effects of diuretics. S Afr Med J 1983;64:936-41.
- Kugelmas M. Preliminary observation: oral zinc sulfate replacement is effective in treating muscle cramps in cirrhotic patients. J Am Coll Nutr 2000;19:13-5. PubMed
- Hebel SK, ed. Drug Facts and Comparisons. 52nd ed. St. Louis: Facts and Comparisons, 1998.
- Chan S, Gerson B, Subramaniam S. The role of copper, molybdenum, selenium, and zinc in nutrition and health. Clin Lab Med 1998;18:673-85. DOI
- Brewer GJ, Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan V, Johnson V, et al. Treatment of Wilson's disease with zinc: XI. Interaction with other anticopper agents. J Am Coll Nutr 1993;12:26-30. PubMed
- Fosmire GJ. Zinc toxicity. Am J Clin Nutr 1990;51:225-7.
- Lomaestro BM, Bailie GR. Absorption interactions with fluoroquinolones. 1995 update. Drug Saf 1995;12:314-33. PubMed
- Hansten PD, Horn JR. Drug Interactions Analysis and Management. Vancouver, WA: Applied Therapeutics Inc., 1997 and updates.
- Seelig MS. Auto-immune complications of D-penicillamine - A possible result of zinc and magnesium depletion and of pyridoxine inactivation. J Am Coll Nutr 1982;1:207-14. PubMed
- Neuvonen PJ. Interactions with the absorption of tetracyclines. Drugs 1976;11:45-54.. PubMed
- Hirt M, Nobel S, Barron E. Zinc nasal gel for the treatment of common cold symptoms: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ear Nose Throat J 2000;79:778-82.. DOI
- Simkin PA. Oral zinc sulphate in rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet 1976;2:539-42. PubMed
- Wray D. A double-blind trial of systemic zinc sulfate in recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1982;53:469-72. PubMed
- Douglas RM, Miles HB, Moore BW, et al. Failure of effervescent zinc acetate lozenges to alter the course of upper respiratory tract infections in Australian adults. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1987;31:1263-5. PubMed
- Lagiou P, Wuu J, Trichopoulou A, et al. Diet and benign prostatic hyperplasia: a study in Greece. Urology 1999;54:284-90. PubMed
- Ewing CI, Gibbs AC, Ashcroft C, David TJ. Failure of oral zinc supplementation in atopic eczema. Eur J Clin Nutr 1991;45:507-10.
- Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002.
- Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group. A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E, beta carotene, and zinc for age-related macular degeneration and vision loss. AREDS report no. 8. Arch Oph
- Greenberg JE, Lynn M, Kirsner RS, et al. Mucocutaneous pigmented macule as a result of zinc deposition. J Cutan Pathol 2002;29:613-5. PubMed
- Godfrey HR, Godfrey NJ, Godfrey JC, Riley D. A randomized clinical trial on the treatment of oral herpes with topical zinc oxide/glycine. Altern Ther Health Med 2001;7:49-56.
- Turner RB. Ineffectiveness of intranasal zinc gluconate for prevention of experimental rhinovirus colds. Clin Infect Dis 2001;33:1865-70. PubMed
- Belongia EA, Berg R, Liu K. A randomized trial of zinc nasal spray for the treatment of upper respiratory illness in adults. Am J Med 2001;111:103-8. PubMed
- Mossad SB. Effect of zincum gluconicum nasal gel on the duration and symptom severity of the common cold in otherwise healthy adults. QJM 2003;96:35-43. DOI
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