Spirulina Ingredients & Drug Interactions
by Windmill
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Spirulina against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Spirulina is a dietary supplement by Windmill with 1 active ingredient. Its ingredients are commonly taken for general nutrition and energy, antioxidant support, cholesterol and metabolic health.Based on those ingredients, 327 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Spirulina pacifica. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Spirulina by Windmill
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Spirulina by Windmill — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Spirulina by Windmill
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Full disclosure
This product contains one active ingredient: spirulina pacifica, a blue-green algae. There are no inactive fillers listed.
Does it work?
Moderate evidence
The evidence is mixed. Spirulina is possibly effective for high blood pressure — some research supports that claim.
For acne, hay fever (allergic rhinitis), iron deficiency anemia, and arsenic poisoning, the evidence isn't established enough in the data we hold to say whether it works.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Spirulina is generally well tolerated when taken by mouth. The most common side effects are mild — abdominal cramps, bloating, diarrhea, dizziness, fatigue, gas, headache, nausea, and vomiting.
Allergic reactions are rare but serious: a small number of people have reported rashes and itching, and one case report describes a severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) 6 hours after taking spirulina tablets in a teenager with a known algae allergy. A handful of cases of mild gum bleeding or bruising have been reported in people taking 2.3 grams daily.
Quality and safety data for spirulina products are variable, and contamination with toxins or heavy metals is a documented concern — choose a reputable source carefully.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Before you take this, double-check with us if you're on blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs (like warfarin or aspirin), immune-suppressing medications, or diabetes medications. These Moderate-severity interactions need a quick conversation.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence behind its ingredients' uses. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Spirulina may be worth considering if you have high blood pressure and want to explore herbal options alongside your regular care. If you take blood thinners, immune suppressants, or diabetes medications, check with us first — don't start without that conversation.
And buy from a trusted source: quality and contamination risk vary widely among brands.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 1 of 1 active ingredient matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jan 7, 2019.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Spirulina, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Windmill |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 035046007805 |
| Net contents | 100 Tablet(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Jan 7, 2019 |
| DSLD ID | 180777 |
| Product type | Non-nutrient/non-botanical |
| Supplement form | Tablet Or Pill |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free, Sugar Free |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Spirulina by Windmill, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Spirulina pacifica | 1000 mg | -- |
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Directions: Take 1 tablet daily as a dietary supplement or as directed by a healthcare professional.
Precautions
Keep out of reach of children.
Do not purchase if seal is broken.
Storage
Protect from heat, light & moisture. Store in a cool, dry place.
General Statements
Made in the U.S.A.
Trusted since 1972
Pharmacist Recommended Nutrient Rich Super Food Supports Eye Health & Immune System
FDA Disclaimer Statement
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.
General
ITEM: 780
Brand IP Statement(s)
Natural Vitamins
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
Formulation
No sugar, starch, yeast, wheat, milk, soy, artificial colors, flavors or preservatives Gluten Free
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Spirulina by Windmill label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Spirulina by Windmill
This is the 1 active ingredient this product is made of. Select it to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 Tablet(s) Dosage formTablet Or Pill Amounts shown are per serving.
Spirulina pacifica
Interacts with327 drugs
Blue-green algae are nutrient-rich aquatic microorganisms (such as spirulina and Klamath Lake algae) taken as a supplement for energy, nutrition, and...
Spirulina pacifica monograph & interactionsSpirulina by Windmill Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Spirulina pacifica by Windmill has documented interactions with three main medication types.
The most serious concern is with blood thinners and antiplatelet drugs (like aspirin or warfarin) — spirulina can theoretically increase bleeding risk, though this is unlikely in practice. One small preliminary study of 24 patients taking 2.3 grams daily found minimal bleeding risk, but the effect hasn't been fully proven.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
You'll also want to check if you're on immune-suppressing medications (used after transplants or for autoimmune conditions) — spirulina stimulates the immune system and could work against those drugs. Additionally, if you take diabetes medications, spirulina may lower your blood sugar further, raising the risk of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia).
Research shows spirulina can have blood-sugar-lowering effects, though it doesn't seem to improve long-term glucose control.
A note on safety: spirulina products vary widely in quality, and some can be contaminated with toxins or heavy metals. Altogether, these interactions span 322 individual medications.
Run your exact medications through the checker on this page before you start.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Spirulina?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Spirulina interact with 327 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
1 of the 1 ingredient in Spirulina interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Spirulina pacifica
6-mercaptopurinePurinethol
How 6-mercaptopurine interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + 6-mercaptopurine interactionAbciximabReoPro
How Abciximab interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Abciximab interactionAbrocitinibCibinqo
How Abrocitinib interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Immunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Abrocitinib interactionAcarboseGlucobay, Prandase, Precose
How Acarbose interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking blue-green algae with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Acarbose interactionAcenocoumarolSintrom
How Acenocoumarol interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Acenocoumarol interactionAcetaminophen, AspirinGemnisyn
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAcetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, IbuprofenCombogesic
How Acetaminophen, Ibuprofen interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Acetaminophen, Ibuprofen interactionAcetohexamideDymelor
How Acetohexamide interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking blue-green algae with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Acetohexamide interactionAcetylsalicylic AcidEntrophen
How Acetylsalicylic Acid interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Acetylsalicylic Acid interactionAdalimumabHumira
How Adalimumab interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Adalimumab interactionAdalimumab-adazHyrimoz
How Adalimumab-adaz interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Adalimumab-adaz interactionAdalimumab-adbmCyltezo
How Adalimumab-adbm interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Adalimumab-adbm interactionAdalimumab-afzbAbrilada
How Adalimumab-afzb interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Adalimumab-afzb interactionAdalimumab-attoAmjevita
How Adalimumab-atto interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Adalimumab-atto interactionAdalimumab-bwwdHadlima
How Adalimumab-bwwd interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Adalimumab-bwwd interactionAdalimumab-fkjpHulio
How Adalimumab-fkjp interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Adalimumab-fkjp interactionAlbiglutideTanzeum
How Albiglutide interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking blue-green algae with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Albiglutide interactionAlefaceptAmevive
How Alefacept interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Alefacept interactionAlemtuzumabCampath
How Alemtuzumab interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Alemtuzumab interactionAlogliptinNesina
How Alogliptin interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking blue-green algae with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Alogliptin interactionAlogliptin, MetforminKazano
How Alogliptin, Metformin interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking blue-green algae with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Alogliptin, Metformin interactionAlogliptin, PioglitazoneOseni
How Alogliptin, Pioglitazone interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking blue-green algae with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Alogliptin, Pioglitazone interactionAlteplase, TpaActilyse, Activase
How Alteplase, Tpa interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Alteplase, Tpa interactionAluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Magnesium HydroxideAscriptin Codeine #2
How Aluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Magnesium Hydroxide interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Aluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Magnesium Hydroxide interactionAluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Magnesium HydroxideAscriptin
How Aluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Magnesium Hydroxide interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Aluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Magnesium Hydroxide interactionAnacaulase-bcdbNexoBrid
How Anacaulase-bcdb interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Anacaulase-bcdb interactionAnagrelideAgrylin
How Anagrelide interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Anagrelide interactionAnifrolumab-fniaSaphnelo
How Anifrolumab-fnia interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Anifrolumab-fnia interactionAnisindioneMiradon
How Anisindione interacts with Spirulina — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Spirulina PacificaAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina Pacifica + Anisindione interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Spirulina with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Spirulina pacifica
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs. However, this is unlikely.
Spirulina blue-green algae have shown antiplatelet and anticoagulant effects in vitro. However, one preliminary study in 24 patients receiving spirulina blue-green algae 2.3 grams daily for 2 weeks showed no effect on platelet activation or measures of clotting time.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, taking blue-green algae with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Human research shows that spirulina blue-green algae can have hypoglycemic effects in patients with diabetes, at least some of whom were using antidiabetes drugs. However, blue-green algae does not seem to improve glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in patients with diabetes. A meta-analysis of animal studies also suggests that spirulina blue-green algae have hypoglycemic effects.
Immunosuppressants
Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Blue-green algae have been shown to stimulate the immune system.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Spirulina, from the product label.
Windmill
- Name
- Windmill Health Products
- Street Address
- 10 Henderson Drive
- City
- West Caldwell
- State
- NJ
- ZipCode
- 07006
- Web Address
- www.windmillvitamins.com
Spirulina by Windmill: Common Questions
Does Spirulina by Windmill interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Where does this information come from?
Can I take this if I'm on blood thinners?
Will this lower my blood sugar?
What are the most common side effects?
Is this effective for high blood pressure?
Why does the safety data mention contamination?
Is it safe if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if Spirulina is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Spirulina’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Sources & How We Checked
Spirulina's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 22 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Blue-green Algae 22 references
- Jensen GS, Ginsberg DJ, Huerta P, et al. Consumption of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae has rapid effects on the circulation and function of immune cells in humans. A novel approach to nutritional mobilization of the immune system. JANA 2000;2:50-6.
- Iwasa M, Yamamoto M, Tanaka Y, et al. Spirulina-associated hepatotoxicity. Am J Gastroenterol 2002;97:3212-13. PubMed
- Hayashi O, Katoh T, Okuwaki Y. Enhancement of antibody production in mice by dietary Spirulina platensis. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 1994;40:431-41.. PubMed
- Vitale S, Miller NR, Mejico LJ, et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trial of super blue-green algae in patients with essential blepharospasm or Meige syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol 2004;138:18-32. PubMed
- Mani UV, Desai S, Iyer U. Studies on the long-term effect of spirulina supplementation on serum lipid profile and glycated proteins in NIDDM patients. J Nutraceut 2000;2(3):25-32. DOI
- Chiu HF, Yang SP, Kuo YL, et al. Mechanisms involved in the antiplatelet effect of C-phycocyanin. Br J Nutr 2006;95:435-40. PubMed
- Hsiao G, Chou PH, Shen MY, et al. C-phycocyanin, a very potent and novel platelet aggregation inhibitor from Spirulina platensis. J Agric Food Chem 2005;53:7734-40.
- Katz M, Levine AA, Kol-Degani H, Kav-Venaki L. A compound herbal preparation (CHP) in the treatment of children with ADHD: a randomized controlled trial. J Atten Disord 2010;14:281-91. PubMed
- Madhyastha, H. K., Radha, K. S., Sugiki, M., Omura, S., and Maruyama, M. Purification of c-phycocyanin from Spirulina fusiformis and its effect on the induction of urokinase-type plasminogen activator from calf pulmonary endothelial cells. Phytomedicine PubMed
- Mazokopakis, E. E., Karefilakis, C. M., Tsartsalis, A. N., Milkas, A. N., and Ganotakis, E. S. Acute rhabdomyolysis caused by Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis). Phytomedicine. 2008;15(6-7):525-527. PubMed
- Halidou, Doudou M., Degbey, H., Daouda, H., Leveque, A., Donnen, P., Hennart, P., and Dramaix-Wilmet, M. [The effect of spiruline during nutritional rehabilitation: systematic review]. Rev.Epidemiol.Sante Publique 2008;56(6):425-431.
- Konno, T., Umeda, Y., Umeda, M., Kawachi, I., Oyake, M., and Fujita, N. [A case of inflammatory myopathy with widely skin rash following use of supplements containing Spirulina]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2011;51(5):330-333. PubMed
- Le TM, Knulst AC, Röckmann H. Anaphylaxis to Spirulina confirmed by skin prick test with ingredients of Spirulina tablets. Food Chem Toxicol 2014;74:309-10. PubMed
- Rzymski P, Niedzielski P, Kaczmarek N, Jurczak T, Klimaszyk P. The multidisciplinary approach to safety and toxicity assessment of microalgae-based food supplements following clinical cases of poisoning. Harmful Algae 2015;46:34-42. DOI
- Petrus M, Culerrier R, Campistron M, et al. First case report of anaphylaxis to spirulin: identification of phycocyanin as responsible allergen. Allergy 2010;65(7):924-5. PubMed
- Marles RJ, Barrett ML, Barnes J, et al. United States Pharmacopeia safety evaluation of spirulina. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2011;51(7):593-604. PubMed
- Majdoub H, Ben Mansour M, Chaubet F, et al. Anticoagulant activity of a sulfated polysaccharide from the green alga Arthrospira platensis. Biochim Biophys Acta 2009;1790(10):1377-81. PubMed
- Cha BG, Kwak HW, Park AR, et al. Structural characteristics and biological performance of silk fibroin nanofiber containing microalgae spirulina extract. Biopolymers 2014;101(4):307-18. PubMed
- Jensen GS, Drapeau C, Lenninger M, Benson KF. Clinical safety of a high dose of phycocyanin-enriched aqueous extract from Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis: results from a randomized, double-Blind, placebo-controlled study with a focus on anticoagulant ac
- Hamedifard Z, Milajerdi A, Reiner Z, Taghizadeh M, Kolahdooz F, Asemi Z. The effects of spirulina on glycemic control and serum lipoproteins in patients with metabolic syndrome and related disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized con
- Moradi S, Zobeiri M, Feizi A, Clark CCT, Entezari MH. The effects of spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) supplementation on anthropometric indices, blood pressure, sleep quality, mental health, fatigue status and quality of life in patients with ulcerative
- Ghanbari F, Amerizadeh A, Behshood P, Moradi S, Asgary S. Effect of microalgae arthrospira on biomarkers of glycemic control and glucose metabolism: a systematic Review and meta-analysis. Curr Probl Cardiol 2022;47(10):100942. PubMed
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC