Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Virgin Salmon Oil Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Dr. Mercola

Virgin Salmon Oil label
See full label image
Softgel Capsule Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Major
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Virgin Salmon Oil against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

Virgin Salmon Oil is a dietary supplement by Dr. Mercola with 3 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for eye and vision health, skin health and acne, immune support.Based on those ingredients, 1,188 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Astaxanthin, Vitamin A, Salmon Oil. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Virgin Salmon Oil by Dr. Mercola

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Virgin Salmon Oil by Dr. Mercola — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Virgin Salmon Oil by Dr. Mercola

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 5 of its 5 active ingredients.
  • “Salmon Oil” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label gives one combined amount (3 Gram(s)) without saying how much of each component you get.

This product has 5 active ingredients. The main components are omega-3 fatty acids — eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid — which are the long-chain omega-3s found in fish oil.

You're also getting vitamin A and astaxanthin, a carotenoid (plant pigment) from salmon. The capsule itself and mixed tocopherols (a form of vitamin E) are inactive ingredients.

Does it work?

Strong evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed

This product doesn't appear to be marketed for a specific use, so we graded its ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.

Strong

Strong clinical evidence supports its ingredients for:

Why this rating?
  • We looked at the product name, claims, and label statements and couldn't find a stated purpose to grade.
  • Since the label doesn't commit to one use, we graded the ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.
  • On file: Vitamin A deficiency — rated "Effective" (Vitamin A) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Aging skin — rated "Possibly Effective" (Vitamin A) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia — rated "Possibly Effective" (Vitamin A) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Hyperlipidemia — rated "Possibly Effective" (Docosahexaenoic Acid (dha)) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Ulcerative colitis — rated "Possibly Effective" (Vitamin A) (Natural Medicines).

The evidence on effectiveness varies by ingredient. Vitamin A is established as effective for vitamin A deficiency and has possibly effective ratings for oral leukoplakia, aging skin, measles, ulcerative colitis, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

For astaxanthin, the evidence we hold doesn't establish its effectiveness for age-related cognitive decline, macular degeneration, aging skin, Alzheimer disease, athletic performance, or carpal tunnel syndrome — the data just isn't there yet. We have no effectiveness data on file for the omega-3 fatty acids in this product.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Vitamin A Astaxanthin Fish Oil Docosahexaenoic Acid (dha)

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 3 of the 3 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 3 of 3.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 3 of 3.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Vitamin A is generally well tolerated at recommended amounts, but it builds up in your body and high doses are toxic. Very high doses can cause liver damage, brain swelling (pseudotumor cerebri), headache, blurred vision, and in rare cases, coma or death.

Chronic overuse causes dry, cracked, or peeling skin, hair loss, and brittle nails. Astaxanthin is generally well tolerated in studies, though long-term safety data are limited; it may cause abdominal pain, diarrhea, or red-colored stool.

Pregnancy safety is mixed: vitamin A at normal dietary and recommended supplement amounts is appropriate, but high doses — especially as retinol — can cause birth defects and should be avoided. Astaxanthin doesn't have enough safety data; it's best to avoid it during pregnancy and while breastfeeding unless your doctor advises otherwise.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Vitamin A Astaxanthin Fish Oil Docosahexaenoic Acid (dha)

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 3 of the 3 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Docosahexaenoic Acid (dha), Vitamin A, Astaxanthin.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; diabetes medications.
  • For scale: 1,182 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before you take this, double-check with your pharmacist if you're on retinoids (prescription acne or anti-aging creams), warfarin (Coumadin) or other blood thinners, tetracycline antibiotics, or any drug that stresses your liver. Also flag any medication broken down by CYP3A4 or CYP2B6 enzymes in your liver — astaxanthin may affect how quickly your body processes them.

The search tool on this page will help you verify your specific medications.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with strong clinical evidence behind its ingredients' uses. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This is a fish oil supplement with added vitamin A and astaxanthin. It's reasonable for most people not on prescription retinoids, blood thinners, tetracycline antibiotics, or liver-sensitive medications — but check your exact drugs first using the tool on this page.

If you're pregnant or breastfeeding, talk with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, especially about the vitamin A and astaxanthin content.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 3 of 5 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Aug 22, 2017.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Virgin Salmon Oil, straight from the product label.

Brand Dr. Mercola
Barcode (UPC) 813006014687
Net contents 90 Softgel(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Aug 22, 2017
DSLD ID 76214
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Softgel Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other
Intended target group(s) Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Virgin Salmon Oil by Dr. Mercola, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
3 Softgel(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
3 Softgel(s)
Servings per container
30
UPC/BARCODE
813006014687
IngredientAmount% DV
Calories30 Calorie(s)--
Calories from Fat30 Calorie(s)--
Omega-3 Fatty Acids600 mg--
Total Fat3 Gram(s)5%
Eicosapentaenoic Acid240 mg--
Docosahexaenoic Acid220 mg--
Cholesterol10 mg3%
Vitamin A300 IU6%
Saturated Fat0.5 Gram(s)3%
Astaxanthin4 mcg--
Salmon Oil3 Gram(s)--

Other ingredients: Mixed Tocopherols, Capsule

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested Use: Adults, as a dietary supplement, take three (3) softgels daily with the first meal.

Precautions

Keep out of reach of children.

Do not use if safety seal is broken.

If you are nursing, pregnant, taking medication or have a medical condition, consult your physician before taking this product.

Contains fish (Salmon, Tilapia).

General Statements

Dr. Mercola has been providing quality products since 2001.

Premium supplements

Produced exclusively for Mercola Health Resources, LLC by Vital Choice Seafood.

Brand IP Statement(s)

Alaska seafood

General

10017-v405

Formula

From wild caught Alaska salmon

Contains fish (Salmon, Tilapia).

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Virgin Salmon Oil by Dr. Mercola label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Virgin Salmon Oil label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Virgin Salmon Oil by Dr. Mercola

These are the 3 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size3 Softgel(s) Dosage formSoftgel Capsule Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Vitamin A

Interacts with
387 drugs
300 IU per serving

Vitamin A is an essential nutrient important for vision, skin, immune function, and growth. Most people get enough from a balanced diet, and supplemen...

Vitamin A monograph & interactions

Astaxanthin

Interacts with
671 drugs
4 mcg per serving

Astaxanthin is a reddish carotenoid pigment with strong antioxidant activity in the lab, and it is widely promoted for skin, eye, heart, and exercise...

Astaxanthin monograph & interactions

Salmon Oil

Interacts with
327 drugs
3 Gram(s) per serving

Fish oil provides omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA) that are best known for lowering high triglyceride levels. The evidence for other heart and health...

Salmon Oil monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Mixed Tocopherols, Capsule. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Virgin Salmon Oil by Dr. Mercola Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Virgin Salmon Oil?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
1,188Drugs
9 Major 1,176 Moderate 3 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Astaxanthin 671
Vitamin A 387
Salmon Oil 327

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Virgin Salmon Oil interact with 1,188 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

3 of the 3 ingredients in Virgin Salmon Oil interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Astaxanthin Vitamin A Salmon Oil

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Virgin Salmon Oil with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Astaxanthin2 drug types · 671 drugs

Cytochrome P450 2B6 (Cyp2B6) Substrates

Theoretically, astaxanthin may decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2B6.
In vitro research shows that astaxanthin induces cytochrome CYP2B6 enzyme activity in human hepatocytes. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, astaxanthin may decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
In vitro research shows that astaxanthin induces CYP3A4 enzyme activity in human hepatocytes. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Astaxanthin full monograph & interactions

Vitamin A4 drug types · 387 drugs

Retinoids

Concomitant use of retinoids with vitamin A supplements might produce supratherapeutic vitamin A levels.
Retinoids, which are vitamin A derivatives, could have additive toxic effects when taken with vitamin A supplements.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Hepatotoxic Drugs

Theoretically, taking high doses of vitamin A in combination with other potentially hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver disease.
The tolerable upper intake level (UL) is the highest level of intake that is likely to pose no risk of adverse effects. Doses of vitamin A above the UL can cause hepatotoxicity, ranging from elevated liver enzymes to liver failure.

Likelihood Possible Evidence C
Tetracycline Antibiotics

Theoretically, taking tetracycline antibiotics with high doses of vitamin A can increase the risk of pseudotumor cerebri.
Benign intracranial hypertension (pseudotumor cerebri) can occur with tetracyclines and with acute or chronic vitamin A toxicity. Case reports suggest that taking tetracyclines and vitamin A concurrently can increase the risk of this condition. Avoid high doses of vitamin A in people taking tetracyclines chronically.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, high doses of vitamin A could increase the risk of bleeding with warfarin.
Vitamin A toxicity is associated with hemorrhage and hypoprothrombinemia, possibly due to vitamin K antagonism. Advise patients taking warfarin to avoid doses of vitamin A above the tolerable upper intake level of 10,000 IU/day for adults.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Vitamin A full monograph & interactions

Salmon Oil9 drug types · 327 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, taking fish oil with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Clinical evidence indicates that fish oils can modestly lower blood pressure and might have additive effects in patients treated with antihypertensives.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Contraceptive Drugs

Theoretically, taking fish oil with contraceptive drugs might decrease the triglyceride-lowering effects of fish oil.
There is some evidence that contraceptive drugs might interfere with the triglyceride lowering effects of fish oils.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune)

Taking fish oil with cyclosporine might increase levels and adverse effects of cyclosporine.
In kidney transplant recipients on a general immunosuppressive regimen, taking omega-3 fatty acids daily seems to increase peak blood levels of cyclosporine when compared with placebo. This increase was as much as 20% after one month. However, the area under the curve was not significantly affected.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Orlistat (Xenical, Alli)

Theoretically, taking fish oil with orlistat might decrease the absorption of fish oil fatty acids.
Orlistat binds lipase in the gastrointestinal tract and reduces fat absorption. Theoretically, taking fish oil with orlistat might decrease absorption of fish oil fatty acids. To avoid this potential interaction, recommend separating administration of orlistat and fish oil by at least 2 hours.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Sirolimus (Rapamune)

Taking fish oil with sirolimus might increase levels and adverse effects of sirolimus.
Pharmacokinetic research shows that omega-3 fatty acids increase exposure to sirolimus in kidney transplant patients on a calcineurin inhibitor-free immunosuppressive regimen. A 25% dose reduction in sirolimus was required to keep patients within the expected trough-concentration window. Researchers hypothesize that this may be due to inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) by fish oil, although this has not been confirmed in clinical research.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Tacrolimus (Prograf)

Taking fish oil with tacrolimus might increase levels and adverse effects of tacrolimus.
In a small group of patients, taking fish oil 2.6 grams (Omacor) daily for 4 weeks increased the 8-hour area under the curve of tacrolimus by 25% when compared with baseline. Peak levels were increased by approximately 22%. Researchers hypothesize that this may be due either to an increase in bioavailability or to inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) by fish oil, although this has not been confirmed in clinical research.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Fish oil may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs. However, evidence is conflicting.
While fish oil may not be a potent inhibitor of platelet function, high doses of fish oil might have antiplatelet effects. Theoretically, concomitant use of fish oil with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs may increase the risk of bleeding. However, the most rigorous research shows that short-term doses of fish oil 10 grams daily or long-term doses of 1.5 grams daily for up to 52 weeks does not increase the risk of bleeding or affect coagulation parameters in chronically ill and vulnerable patients. Other controlled research shows that fish oil does not affect platelet function or increase the risk of bleeding. Some research even suggests that perioperative fish oil use decreases bleeding risk. Some research suggests fish oil does not have additive antiplatelet effects when combined with aspirin, but other clinical evidence suggests that adding fish oil to low-dose aspirin treatment increases antiplatelet effects in patients who are aspirin-resistant. Also, some clinical research seems to show that fish oil has additive antiplatelet effects when used with aspirin and clopidogrel compared to aspirin and clopidogrel alone.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence B
Platinum Agents

Theoretically, taking fish oil with platinum agents can cause resistance to platinum agents, potentially decreasing their effectiveness.
Platinum-induced fatty acids (PIFAs) are fatty acids secreted from human and mouse stem cells when exposed to platinum-based chemotherapy. Animal research suggests that PIFAs cause resistance to chemotherapy by stimulating lysophospholipid production in the spleen, which interferes with the DNA damage caused by certain chemotherapy drugs. One PIFA, known as 16:4(n-3), has been found in both raw fish and some commercially available fish oil products. Mackerel and herring have high PIFA concentrations, while salmon and tuna have low PIFA concentrations. Levels of PIFA in commercial fish oil products ranged from 0.2- 5.7 microMol. Animal research shows that PIFA-containing fish oil products cause resistance to cisplatin, fluorouracil, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin. It is unclear if all commercially available fish oil products contain PIFAs. Additionally, it is argued that levels of PIFA found in some fish oil products are too low to be of clinical concern. Furthermore, a lack of chemotherapy resistance in countries with high fish intake, such as Greenland, Japan, and Norway, suggest that this interaction may not be clinically significant.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Fish oil may have antiplatelet effects and might increase the risk of bleeding if used with warfarin.
Fish oil has antiplatelet effects at high doses. Case reports show elevated INR in patients taking warfarin and fish oil 1-2 grams daily. However, some clinical research shows that taking fish oil 3-6 grams daily does not significantly increase INR in patients taking warfarin.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence B
Salmon Oil full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Virgin Salmon Oil, from the product label.

Dr. Mercola

See all Dr. Mercola products
Name
Mercola Health Resources, LLC
Street Address
3200 W. Higgins Road
City
Hoffman Estates
State
IL
ZipCode
60169
Phone Number
(847) 252-4355
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Virgin Salmon Oil by Dr. Mercola: Common Questions

Does Virgin Salmon Oil by Dr. Mercola interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Virgin Salmon Oil has a known interaction with 1,188 medications, including 9 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Virgin Salmon Oil contains 3 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is this safe to take if I'm pregnant?
Vitamin A at recommended supplement levels is considered appropriate in pregnancy, but high doses — especially as retinol — can cause birth defects and should be avoided. Astaxanthin doesn't have enough safety data, so it's best to avoid it during pregnancy. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist about whether this product is right for you.
Can I take this while breastfeeding?
Vitamin A at normal dietary and recommended supplement amounts is fine, but avoid high-dose vitamin A. Astaxanthin lacks safety data during breastfeeding, so it's best to avoid it unless your doctor says otherwise. Check with your pharmacist for personalized advice.
What is astaxanthin and why is it in here?
Astaxanthin is a pigment from salmon that gives it its color. It's included as an antioxidant, though the evidence for specific health benefits isn't established in the data we hold.
Will this affect my acne medication or retinoid cream?
Yes — retinoids are vitamin A derivatives, and taking them with this supplement could cause vitamin A toxicity. This is a serious interaction. Talk to your prescriber or pharmacist before using them together.
What side effects should I watch for?
Astaxanthin may cause abdominal pain, diarrhea, or red-colored stool in some people. Vitamin A at high doses can cause headache, dry skin, skin rashes, and hair loss. If you experience these or any concerning symptoms, stop and contact your pharmacist.
Why can't you check the omega-3 ingredients for interactions?
We don't hold monographs with interaction data for omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid, or docosahexaenoic acid. That doesn't mean they don't interact — just that we haven't assessed them. Your pharmacist can help if you have concerns.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Virgin Salmon Oil is safe with your meds?

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Ask a pharmacist

Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Virgin Salmon Oil label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Virgin Salmon Oil’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Vitamin A

Interacts with 387 drugs

Vitamin A is an essential nutrient important for vision, skin, immune function, and growth. Most people get enough from a balanced diet, and supplements are mainly useful for correcting a tr...

Read the full Vitamin A monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Astaxanthin

Interacts with 671 drugs

Astaxanthin is a reddish carotenoid pigment with strong antioxidant activity in the lab, and it is widely promoted for skin, eye, heart, and exercise benefits. Early human studies are promis...

Read the full Astaxanthin monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Fish Oil

Interacts with 327 drugs

Fish oil provides omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA) that are best known for lowering high triglyceride levels. The evidence for other heart and health benefits is mixed, and it is generally...

Read the full Fish Oil monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Docosahexaenoic Acid (dha)

Interacts with 375 drugs

DHA is an omega-3 fatty acid found in fatty fish and algae that is a building block for the brain, nervous system, and eyes. It is widely used and generally well tolerated, with the stronges...

Read the full Docosahexaenoic Acid (dha) monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Virgin Salmon Oil's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 240 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Docosahexaenoic Acid (dha) 49 references
  1. Akedo I, Ishikawa H, Nakamura T, et al. Three cases with familial adenomatous polyposis diagnosed as having malignant lesions in the course of a long-term trial using docosahexanoic acid (DHA)-concentrated fish oil capsules (abstract). Jpn J Clin Oncol PubMed
  2. Prisco D, Paniccia R, Bandinelli B, et al. Effect of medium-term supplementation with a moderate dose of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on blood pressure in mild hypertensive patients. Thromb Res 1998;1:105-12.
  3. Grimsgaard S, Bonaa KH, Hansen JB, Nordoy A. Highly purified eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in humans have similar triacylglycerol-lowering effects but divergent effects on serum fatty acids. Am J Clin Nutr 1997;66:649-59.
  4. Toft I, Bonaa KH, Ingebretsen OC, et al. Effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on glucose homeostasis and blood pressure in essential hypertension. A randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 1995;123:911-8.
  5. Sacks FM, Hebert P, Appel LJ, et al. Short report: the effect of fish oil on blood pressure and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels in phase I of the trials of hypertension prevention. J Hypertens 1994;12:209-13.
  6. Vandongen R, Mori TA, Burke V, et al. Effects on blood pressure of omega 3 fats in subjects at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Hypertension 1993;22:371-9. PubMed
  7. FDA. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. Letter regarding dietary supplement health claim for omega-3 fatty acids and coronary heart disease. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/dockets/95s0316/95s-0316-Rpt0272-38-Appendix-D-Reference
  8. Pedersen HS, Mulvad G, Seidelin KN, et al. N-3 fatty acids as a risk factor for haemorrhagic stroke. Lancet 1999;353:812-3. PubMed
  9. Ito Y, Suzuki K, Imai H, et al. Effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids on atrophic gastritis in a Japanese population. Cancer Lett 2001;163:171-8. PubMed
  10. Kris-Ehterton PM, Harris WS, Appel LJ, et al. Fish consumption, fish oil, omega-3 fatty acids, and cardiovascular disease. Circulation 2002;106:2747-57. PubMed
  11. Woodman RJ, Mori TA, Burke V, et al. Effects of purified eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids on glycemic control, blood pressure, and serum lipids in type 2 diabetic patients with treated hypertension. Am J Clin Nutr 2002;76:1007-15.. PubMed
  12. Marangell LB, Martinez JM, Zboyan HA, et al. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid in the treatment of major depression. Am J Psychiatry 2003;160:996-8.. PubMed
  13. Leng GC, Smith FB, Fowkes FG, et al. Relationship between plasma essential fatty acids and smoking, serum lipids, blood pressure and haemostatic and rheological factors. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 1994;51:101-8. PubMed
  14. Nelson GJ, Schmidt PS, Bartolini GL, et al. The effect of dietary docosahexaenoic acid on platelet function, platelet fatty acid composition, and blood coagulation in humans. Lipids 1997;32:1129-36. PubMed
  15. Wheaton DH, Hoffman DR, Locke KG, et al. Biological safety assessment of docosahexaenoic acid supplementation in a randomized clinical trial for X-linked retinitis pigmentosa. Arch Ophthalmol 2003;121:1269-78. PubMed
  16. Malcolm CA, McCulloch DL, Montgomery C, et al. Maternal docosahexaenoic acid supplementation during pregnancy and visual evoked potential development in term infants: a double blind, prospective, randomised trial. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2003;88: DOI
  17. Sanjurjo P, Ruiz-Sanz JI, Jimeno P, et al. Supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid in the last trimester of pregnancy: maternal-fetal biochemical findings. J Perinat Med 2004;32:132-6.
  18. Montgomery C, Speake BK, Cameron A, et al. Maternal docosahexaenoic acid supplementation and fetal accretion. Br J Nutr 2003;90:135-45. DOI
  19. Lauritzen L, Hoppe C, Straarup EM, Michaelsen KF. Maternal fish oil supplementation in lactation and growth during the first 2.5 years of life. Pediatr Res 2005;58:235-42. PubMed
  20. Hawkes JS, Bryan DL, Makrides M, et al. A randomized trial of supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid-rich tuna oil and its effects on the human milk cytokines interleukin 1 beta, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Am J Clin Nutr 2002;75:75
  21. Uauy R, Hoffman DR, Mena P, et al. Term infant studies of DHA and ARA supplementation on neurodevelopment: Results of randomized controlled trials. J Pediatr 2003;143:S17-25. PubMed
  22. Decsi, T., Campoy, C., and Koletzko, B. Effect of N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in pregnancy: the Nuheal trial. Adv.Exp Med Biol 2005;569:109-113. PubMed
  23. Mori, T. A., Bao, D. Q., Burke, V., Puddey, I. B., and Beilin, L. J. Docosahexaenoic acid but not eicosapentaenoic acid lowers ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate in humans. Hypertension 1999;34(2):253-260. PubMed
  24. Otto, S. J., van Houwelingen, A. C., and Hornstra, G. The effect of supplementation with docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acid derived from single cell oils on plasma and erythrocyte fatty acids of pregnant women in the second trimester. Prostaglandins Le PubMed
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