Imbruvica Ibrutinib 70 mg Capsule, 28-count — NDC 57962-070-28 (Billing 57962-0070-28)

12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

12.1Mechanism of Action Ibrutinib is a small-molecule inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK). Ibrutinib forms a covalent bond with a cysteine residue in the BTK active site, leading to inhibition of BTK enzymatic activity. BTK is a signaling molecule of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) and cytokine receptor pathways.

BTK’s role in signaling through the B-cell surface receptors results in activation of pathways necessary for B-cell trafficking, chemotaxis, and adhesion. Nonclinical studies show that ibrutinib inhibits malignant B-cell proliferation and survival in vivo as well as cell migration and substrate adhesion in vitro .

12.2Pharmacodynamics In patients with recurrent B-cell lymphoma > 90% occupancy of the BTK active site in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was observed up to 24 hours after ibrutinib doses of ≥ 2.5 mg/kg/day (≥ 175 mg/day for average weight of 70 kg). In adult patients with cGVHD, 93% occupancy of the BTK active site in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was observed at the ibrutinib recommended dose. The mean BTK occupancy in pediatric patients ranged from 95.1% to 99.6%.

In vitro Platelet Aggregation Ibrutinib demonstrated inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation, with IC50 values at 4.6 µM (2026 ng/mL), 0.8 µM (352 ng/mL), and 3 µM (1321 ng/mL) in blood samples from healthy donors, donors taking warfarin, and donors with severe renal dysfunction, respectively. Ibrutinib did not show meaningful inhibition of platelet aggregation for ADP, arachidonic acid, ristocetin, and TRAP-6. Cardiac Electrophysiology At a single dose 4 times the maximum recommended dose (1680 mg), IMBRUVICA did not prolong the QT interval to any clinically relevant extent.

12.3Pharmacokinetics Ibrutinib exposure increases with doses up to 840 mg (2 times the maximum approved recommended dosage) in patients with B-cell malignancies. The mean steady-state AUC (% coefficient of variation) observed in patients at 420 mg with CLL/SLL is 708 (71%) ng×h/mL, with WM is 707 (72%) ng×h/mL, and in adult patients with previously treated cGVHD is 1159 (50%) ng×h/mL. Steady-state concentrations of ibrutinib without CYP3A inhibitors were achieved with an accumulation ratio of 1 to 1.6 after 1 week of multiple daily doses of 420 mg.

Absorption Absolute bioavailability of ibrutinib in fasted condition was 2.9% (90% CI: 2.1, 3.9) in healthy subjects. Ibrutinib is absorbed after oral administration with a median T max of 1 hour to 2 hours. Effect of Food The administration of IMBRUVICA with a high-fat and high-calorie meal (800 calories to 1,000 calories with approximately 50% of total caloric content of the meal from fat) increased ibrutinib C max by 2- to 4-fold and AUC by approximately 2-fold, compared with administration of ibrutinib after overnight fasting.

In vitro studies suggest that ibrutinib is not a substrate of p-glycoprotein (P-gp) or breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). Distribution Reversible binding of ibrutinib to human plasma protein in vitro was 97.3% with no concentration dependence in the range of 50 ng/mL to 1000 ng/mL. The volume of distribution (V d ) was 683 L, and the apparent volume of distribution at steady state (V d,ss /F) was approximately 10,000 L.

Elimination Intravenous clearance was 62 L/h in fasted conditions and 76 L/h in fed conditions. In line with the high first-pass effect, the apparent oral clearance is 2000 L/h in fasted conditions and 1000 L/h in fed conditions. The half-life of ibrutinib is 4 hours to 6 hours.

Metabolism Metabolism is the main route of elimination for ibrutinib. It is metabolized to several metabolites primarily by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A and to a minor extent by CYP2D6. The active metabolite, PCI-45227, is a dihydrodiol metabolite with inhibitory activity towards BTK approximately 15 times lower than that of ibrutinib.

The range of the mean metabolite to parent ratio for PCI-45227 at steady-state is 1 to 2.8. Excretion Ibrutinib, mainly… [Excerpted — this section continues on DailyMed.]

12.1Mechanism of Action Ibrutinib is a small-molecule inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK). Ibrutinib forms a covalent bond with a cysteine residue in the BTK active site, leading to inhibition of BTK enzymatic activity. BTK is a signaling molecule of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) and cytokine receptor pathways.

BTK’s role in signaling through the B-cell surface receptors results in activation of pathways necessary for B-cell trafficking, chemotaxis, and adhesion. Nonclinical studies show that ibrutinib inhibits malignant B-cell proliferation and survival in vivo as well as cell migration and substrate adhesion in vitro .

12.3Pharmacokinetics Ibrutinib exposure increases with doses up to 840 mg (2 times the maximum approved recommended dosage) in patients with B-cell malignancies. The mean steady-state AUC (% coefficient of variation) observed in patients at 420 mg with CLL/SLL is 708 (71%) ng×h/mL, with WM is 707 (72%) ng×h/mL, and in adult patients with previously treated cGVHD is 1159 (50%) ng×h/mL. Steady-state concentrations of ibrutinib without CYP3A inhibitors were achieved with an accumulation ratio of 1 to 1.6 after 1 week of multiple daily doses of 420 mg.

Absorption Absolute bioavailability of ibrutinib in fasted condition was 2.9% (90% CI: 2.1, 3.9) in healthy subjects. Ibrutinib is absorbed after oral administration with a median T max of 1 hour to 2 hours. Effect of Food The administration of IMBRUVICA with a high-fat and high-calorie meal (800 calories to 1,000 calories with approximately 50% of total caloric content of the meal from fat) increased ibrutinib C max by 2- to 4-fold and AUC by approximately 2-fold, compared with administration of ibrutinib after overnight fasting.

In vitro studies suggest that ibrutinib is not a substrate of p-glycoprotein (P-gp) or breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). Distribution Reversible binding of ibrutinib to human plasma protein in vitro was 97.3% with no concentration dependence in the range of 50 ng/mL to 1000 ng/mL. The volume of distribution (V d ) was 683 L, and the apparent volume of distribution at steady state (V d,ss /F) was approximately 10,000 L.

Elimination Intravenous clearance was 62 L/h in fasted conditions and 76 L/h in fed conditions. In line with the high first-pass effect, the apparent oral clearance is 2000 L/h in fasted conditions and 1000 L/h in fed conditions. The half-life of ibrutinib is 4 hours to 6 hours.

Metabolism Metabolism is the main route of elimination for ibrutinib. It is metabolized to several metabolites primarily by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A and to a minor extent by CYP2D6. The active metabolite, PCI-45227, is a dihydrodiol metabolite with inhibitory activity towards BTK approximately 15 times lower than that of ibrutinib.

The range of the mean metabolite to parent ratio for PCI-45227 at steady-state is 1 to 2.8. Excretion Ibrutinib, mainly in the form of metabolites, is eliminated primarily via feces. After a single oral administration of radiolabeled ibrutinib, 90% of radioactivity was excreted within 168 hours, with 80% excreted in the feces and less than 10% eliminated in urine.

Unchanged ibrutinib accounted for 1% of the radiolabeled excreted dose in feces and none in urine, with the remainder of the excreted dose being metabolites. Specific Populations Age and Sex Age and sex have no clinically meaningful effect on ibrutinib pharmacokinetics. Patients with Renal Impairment Mild and moderate renal impairment (creatinine clearance [CLcr] > 25 mL/min as estimated by Cockcroft-Gault equation) had no influence on the exposure of ibrutinib.

No data is available in patients with severe renal impairment (CLcr < 25 mL/min) or in patients on dialysis. Patients with Hepatic Impairment The AUC of ibrutinib increased 2.7-fold in subjects with mild hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh class A), 8.2-fold in subjects with moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh class B) and 9.8-fold in subjects with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh class C) relative to subjects with normal liver function. The C max of ibrutinib increased 5.2-fold in mild hepatic impairment, 8.8-fold in moderate hepatic impairment and 7-fold in severe hepatic impairment relative to subjects with normal liver function [see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.6 )].

Pediatric Patients In pediatric patients with cGVHD treated with ibrutinib at 240 mg/m 2 once daily (patients age ≥ 1 to < 12 years) or 420 mg once daily (patients age ≥ 12 years), the geometric mean (%CV) steady state AUC and C max in patients age ≥ 1 to < 12 years is 467 (102%) ng×h/mL and 65.7 (96%) ng/mL, respectively, and in patients a… [Excerpted — this section continues on DailyMed.]

12.2Pharmacodynamics In patients with recurrent B-cell lymphoma > 90% occupancy of the BTK active site in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was observed up to 24 hours after ibrutinib doses of ≥ 2.5 mg/kg/day (≥ 175 mg/day for average weight of 70 kg). In adult patients with cGVHD, 93% occupancy of the BTK active site in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was observed at the ibrutinib recommended dose. The mean BTK occupancy in pediatric patients ranged from 95.1% to 99.6%.

In vitro Platelet Aggregation Ibrutinib demonstrated inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation, with IC50 values at 4.6 µM (2026 ng/mL), 0.8 µM (352 ng/mL), and 3 µM (1321 ng/mL) in blood samples from healthy donors, donors taking warfarin, and donors with severe renal dysfunction, respectively. Ibrutinib did not show meaningful inhibition of platelet aggregation for ADP, arachidonic acid, ristocetin, and TRAP-6. Cardiac Electrophysiology At a single dose 4 times the maximum recommended dose (1680 mg), IMBRUVICA did not prolong the QT interval to any clinically relevant extent.

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Figure 4: Kaplan-Meier Curve of Progression-Free Survival (ITT Population) in Patients with CLL/SLL in HELIOS A graph showing the number of patients AI-generated content may be incorrect. A graph showing the number of objects AI-generated content may be incorrect. A graph showing the growth of a stock market AI-generated content may be incorrect.

14.1Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia / Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma The safety and efficacy of IMBRUVICA in patients with CLL/SLL were demonstrated in one uncontrolled trial and five randomized, controlled trials. Study 1102 Study 1102 (NCT01105247), an open-label, multi-center trial, was conducted in 48 previously treated CLL patients. IMBRUVICA was administered orally at 420 mg once daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

The ORR and DOR were assessed using a modified version of the International Workshop on CLL Criteria by an Independent Review Committee. The median age was 67 years (range, 37 to 82 years), 71% were male, and 94% were White. All patients had a baseline ECOG performance status of 0 or 1.

The median time since diagnosis was 80 months and the median number of prior treatments was 4 (range, 1 to 12 treatments). At baseline, 46% of subjects had at least one tumor ≥ 5 cm. The ORR was 58.3% (95% CI: 43.2%, 72.4%), all partial responses.

None of the patients achieved a complete response. The DOR ranged from 5.6 to 24.2+ months. The median DOR was not reached.

RESONATE The RESONATE study, a randomized, multicenter, open-label, phase 3 study of IMBRUVICA versus ofatumumab (NCT01578707), was conducted in patients with previously treated CLL or SLL. Patients (n=391) were randomized 1:1 to receive either IMBRUVICA 420 mg daily until disease progression, or unacceptable toxicity or ofatumumab at an initial dose of 300 mg, followed one week later by a dose of 2000 mg weekly for 7 doses and then every 4 weeks for 4 additional doses. Fifty-seven patients randomized to ofatumumab crossed over following progression to receive IMBRUVICA.

The median age was 67 years (range, 30 to 88 years), 68% were male, and 90% were White. All patients had a baseline ECOG performance status of 0 or 1. The trial enrolled 373 patients with CLL and 18 patients with SLL.

The median time since diagnosis was 91 months and the median number of prior treatments was 2 (range, 1 to 13 treatments). At baseline, 58% of patients had at least one tumor ≥ 5 cm. Thirty-two percent of patients had 17p deletion.

Efficacy results for RESONATE are shown in Table 22 and the Kaplan-Meier curves for PFS, assessed by an IRC according to IWCLL criteria, and OS are shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , respectively. Table 22: Efficacy Results in Patients with CLL/SLL in RESONATE Endpoint IMBRUVICA N=195 Ofatumumab N=196 Progression - Free Survival b Number of events (%) 35 (17.9) 111 (56.6) Disease progression 26 93 Death events 9 18 Median (95% CI), months NE 8.1 (7.2, 8.3) HR (95% CI) 0.22 (0.15, 0.32) Overall Survival a Number of deaths (%) 16 (8.2) 33 (16.8) HR (95% CI) 0.43 (0.24, 0.79) Overall Response Rate b 42.6% 4.1% a Median OS not evaluable for either arm. b IRC evaluated.

All partial responses achieved; none of the patients achieved a complete response. CI = confidence interval; HR = hazard ratio; NE = not evaluable. Figure 1: Kaplan-Meier Curve of Progression - Free Survival (ITT Population) in Patients with CLL/SLL in RESONATE Figure 2 : Kaplan-Meier Curve of Overall Survival (ITT Population) in Patients with CLL/SLL in RESONATE 63-Month Follow-Up With an overall follow-up of 63 months, the median investigator-ass… [Excerpted — this section continues on DailyMed.]

13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY

13.1Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Ibrutinib was not carcinogenic in a 6-month rasH2 mouse study at oral doses up to 2000 mg/kg/day resulting in exposures approximately 32 (males) to 52 (females) times higher than the exposure in humans at a dose of 420 mg daily [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6 )] . Ibrutinib was not mutagenic in a bacterial mutagenicity (Ames) assay, was not clastogenic in a chromosome aberration assay in mammalian (CHO) cells, nor was it clastogenic in an in vivo bone marrow micronucleus assay in mice at doses up to 2000 mg/kg.

Rats were administered oral daily doses of ibrutinib for 4 weeks prior to pairing and during pairing in males and 2 weeks prior to pairing and during pairing in females. Treatment of female rats continued following pregnancy up to gestation day (GD) 7, and treatment of male rats continued until end of study. No effects on fertility or reproductive capacities were observed in male or female rats up to the maximum dose tested, 100 mg/kg/day (Human Equivalent Dose [HED] 16 mg/kg).