Tobramycin 300 mg/4mL Solution — NDC 72603-630-56 (Billing 72603-0630-56)
This is a package of Tobramycin 300 mg/4mL Solution from NorthStar RxLLC, marketed since Aug 2024 and currently FDA-listed. It is this product's only package size.
Identity & classification
Regulatory identifiers FDA, NLM and CMS codes for this package
Drug-database identifiers Medi-Span GPI and First Databank GCN / HICL / AHFS classification
- GSN (GCN sequence number): 064682
- GCN: 16122
- GPI-14 (Medi-Span): 07000070002530
- HICL (First Databank): 017765
- AHFS class code: 08:12.02.00
- RxCUI (RxNorm): 1314763
Where does this data come from?
- FDA openFDA NDC Directory · synced Oct 1, 2026
- FDA label on DailyMed · label index refreshed Oct 1, 2026
- RxNorm (NLM RxNav) · catalog refreshed Oct 1, 2026
- Medi-Span GPI (licensed)
- First Databank (licensed) · refreshed Oct 1, 2026
RxNorm drug class
This medicine belongs to the Aminoglycoside Antibacterial class.
Where does this data come from?
- RxClass (NLM) · catalog refreshed Oct 1, 2026
Clinical
- It depends on the form. Inhaled tobramycin treats Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection in cystic fibrosis. Eye drops and ointment treat external eye infections. The injection trea...
- You breathe it in by mouth, usually twice a day about 12 hours apart, for 28 days. Then you take 28 days off. TOBI Podhaler capsules must never be swallowed; they are used only wit...
- Cough, shortness of breath, fever, sore throat, hoarseness and headache are common with the inhaled form. Mention them to your care team if they bother you.
- Call about ringing in the ears, hearing loss, dizziness or balance trouble, new muscle weakness, or wheezing after a dose. These can be signs of serious effects.
Patient education
Supplement & herbal interactions
Some supplements/herbs that may interact with Tobramycin — tap one for details:
Tobramycin may be associated with lower levels of 8 nutrients — worth a chat with your pharmacist, not a cause for alarm.
Where does this data come from?
- MedlinePlus (NLM) · refreshed Oct 1, 2026
- FDA label on DailyMed · label index refreshed Oct 1, 2026
Ask a licensed pharmacist directly — free, answered by our team.
Pricing
A drug doesn't have one price. Each row is a different public payment system, and none is what you'd pay at the counter — that depends on your insurance. The ⓘ on each row explains what it measures.
| Price system | Per mL | Per package |
|---|---|---|
| Retail pharmacies payNADAC · weekly | Not in the retail survey — common for institutional, discontinued, or low-volume packs. | |
| Medicaid paysCMS SDUD · 12 mo | $13.17 | $2,950.62 / 224 ml |
| Medicare drug plans payPart D · Q2 2026 | $16.66 | $3,731.03 / 224 ml |
| Medicare Part B allowsASP · J7682 | $12.305 / J7682 unit | — |
Where does this data come from?
- CMS NADAC weekly file
- CMS ASP pricing files · refreshed Sep 20, 2026
- CMS Medicaid State Drug Utilization Data · through Q1 2026
- CMS Part D plan pricing files · refreshed Sep 24, 2026
- VA National Acquisition Center price file
Billing & reimbursement
Where does this data come from?
- CMS ASP NDC-HCPCS crosswalk · refreshed Sep 22, 2026
- DMEPDAC NDC-HCPCS crosswalk
- openFDA NSDE billing units · refreshed Sep 7, 2026
Packaging — all sizes for this product
| Package NDC | Description | Marketing start | Marketing end | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 72603-0630-56 You're viewing this Main listing | 14 POUCH in 1 CARTON / 4 AMPULE in 1 POUCH / 4 mL in 1 AMPULE | 2024-08-01 | — | Active |
Therapeutic equivalents
| Product | Labeler | Pack | NADAC/unit | TE | Status | Price vs. this |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tobramycin 300 mg/4mL 00093-3750-28 | Teva | 7 pouches | — | — | Discontinued | — |
| Bethkis 300 mg/4mL 10122-0820-28 | Chiesi | 7 pouches | — | AN | FDA listed | — |
| Tobramycin Inhalation 300 mg/4mL 66993-0195-94 | Prasco, | 14 pouches | — | AN | FDA listed | — |
| Tobramycin 300 mg/4mL 70756-0617-56 | Lifestar | 14 pouches | — | AN | FDA listed | — |
| Tobramycin 300 mg/4mLthis 72603-0630-56 | NorthStar | 14 pouches | — | AN | FDA listed | — |
Where does this data come from?
- FDA openFDA NDC Directory · synced Oct 1, 2026
- FDA Orange Book · refreshed Sep 3, 2026
- CMS NADAC weekly file
Availability & generic status
This product is an FDA-approved generic. Other versions of the same drug are listed under Therapeutic equivalents, least expensive first.
Where does this data come from?
- FDA Orange Book · refreshed Sep 3, 2026
Inactive Ingredients / Excipients
Inactive ingredients, also called excipients, are components of the drug product other than the active ingredient. They may include fillers, dyes, coatings, preservatives, flavors, or other formulation ingredients.
💡 Tap an ingredient (hover on desktop) to see what it is and why it’s used.
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UNII 451W47IQ8X
Sodium chloride is common table salt. It's used in medicines as a buffer to maintain proper pH, as a filler to add bulk, or to adjust the osmotic balance in liquid formulations.
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UNII 55X04QC32I
A strong alkaline chemical used to adjust and maintain the pH balance of liquid medicines. It helps keep the medicine stable and ensures it stays effective during storage.
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UNII O40UQP6WCF
A strong acid used in small amounts to adjust and maintain the pH balance of a medicine, helping ensure stability and proper dissolution of the active ingredients.
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UNII 059QF0KO0R
Water is a liquid solvent that dissolves and mixes ingredients together in liquid medicines, syrups, and injections. It helps distribute the active drug evenly throughout the product.
4 inactive ingredients listed in the exact product block matched to this NDC.
Where does this data come from?
ingredient classCode="IACT" elements from the exact product block matched by this NDC. Label-section narrative from DailyMed / the openFDA label index is shown separately when available.- FDA label on DailyMed · label index refreshed Oct 1, 2026
- FDA openFDA NDC Directory · synced Oct 1, 2026
Inactive ingredient FAQ
Are inactive ingredients the same for every manufacturer?
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Manufacturer & labeler
Where does this data come from?
- FDA openFDA NDC Directory · synced Oct 1, 2026
- Drugs@FDA
Full prescribing information FDA SPL
🎯 Indications and Usage ▾
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE Tobramycin inhalation solution is indicated for the management of cystic fibrosis patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Safety and efficacy have not been demonstrated in patients under the age of six years, patients with FEV 1 less than 40% or greater than 80% predicted, or patients colonized with Burkholderia cepacia [see Clinical Studies (14) ]. Tobramycin inhalation solution is an inhaled aminoglycoside antibacterial indicated for the management of cystic fibrosis patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
( 1 ) Safety and efficacy have not been demonstrated in patients under the age of six years, patients with a forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1 ) less than 40% or greater than 80% predicted, or patients colonized with Burkholderia cepacia . ( 1 )
⏱️ Dosage and Administration ▾
2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION For oral inhalation only ( 2.1 ) Administer the entire contents of one ampule twice daily by oral inhalation in repeated cycles of 28 days on drug, followed by 28 days off drug. ( 2.1 )
2.1Dosage Tobramycin inhalation solution is for oral inhalation only [see Dosage and Administration (2.2) ] . The recommended dosage of tobramycin inhalation solution for patients six years of age and older is to administer one single-dose ampule (300 mg/4 mL) twice daily by oral inhalation in repeated cycles of 28 days on drug, followed by 28 days off drug. The doses should be taken as close to 12 hours apart as possible and not less than 6 hours apart.
The 300 mg/4 mL dose of tobramycin inhalation solution is the same for patients regardless of age or weight. Tobramycin inhalation solution has not been studied in patients less than six years old. If patients miss a dose, they should take it as soon as possible anytime up to 6 hours prior to their next scheduled dose.
If less than 6 hours remain before the next dose, wait until their next scheduled dose.
2.2Administration Instructions Tobramycin inhalation solution is administered by oral inhalation using a hand-held PARI LC PLUS Reusable Nebulizer with a PARI Vios Air compressor over an approximately 15 minute period and until sputtering from the output of the nebulizer has occurred for at least one minute. Tobramycin inhalation solution should not be diluted or mixed with dornase alfa or other medications in the nebulizer. Tobramycin inhalation solution is not for subcutaneous, intravenous, or intrathecal administration.
Further patient instructions on how to administer tobramycin inhalation solution are provided in the Patient's Instructions for Use [see Patient Counseling Information (17) ]. Tobramycin inhalation solution should not be used if it is cloudy, if there are particles in the solution, or if it has been stored at room temperature for more than 28 days.
💊 Dosage Forms and Strengths ▾
3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS Tobramycin inhalation solution, USP is supplied as a sterile, a clear, colorless or slight yellow to pale yellow color, non-pyrogenic, aqueous inhalational solution for nebulization in single-dose 4 mL ampule containing 300 mg of tobramycin, USP. Inhalation Solution: 300 mg tobramycin per 4 mL solution in a single-dose ampule. ( 16 )
⛔ Contraindications ▾
4 CONTRAINDICATIONS Tobramycin inhalation solution is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to any aminoglycoside. Tobramycin inhalation solution is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to any aminoglycoside. ( 4 )
⚠️ Warnings and Cautions ▾
5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Caution should be exercised when prescribing tobramycin inhalation solution to patients with known or suspected auditory, vestibular, renal, or neuromuscular dysfunction. ( 5.1 , 5.2 , 5.3 and 5.5 ) Aminoglycoside may aggravate muscle weakness because of a potential curare-like effect on neuromuscular function. ( 5.3 ) Bronchospasm can occur with inhalation of tobramycin inhalation solution.
( 5.4 ) Audiograms, serum concentration, and renal function should be monitored as appropriate. ( 5.2 and 5.5 ) Fetal harm can occur when aminoglycosides are administered to a pregnant woman. Apprise women of the potential hazard to the fetus.
( 5.6 )
5.1Ototoxicity Ototoxicity with use of tobramycin inhalation solution Caution should be exercised when prescribing tobramycin inhalation solution to patients with known or suspected auditory or vestibular dysfunction. Findings related to ototoxicity as measured by audiometric evaluations and auditory adverse event reports were similar between tobramycin inhalation solution and placebo in controlled clinical trials. Hearing loss was reported in two (1.1%) tobramycin inhalation solution-treated patients and in one (0.9%) placebo-treated patient during clinical studies.
Additionally, dizziness and vertigo, both of which may be manifestations of vestibular forms of ototoxicity, were observed in similar numbers of tobramycin inhalation solution- and placebo-treated patients. Dizziness occurred in two (1.1%) tobramycin inhalation solution-treated patients and one (0.9%) placebo-treated patient and vertigo occurred in two (1.1%) tobramycin inhalation solution-treated patients versus no placebo patients in clinical studies. None of the tobramycin inhalation solution patients discontinued their therapy due to hearing loss, dizziness or vertigo.
Tinnitus may be a sentinel symptom of ototoxicity. No reports of tinnitus occurred in patients during clinical studies with tobramycin inhalation solution, but because it has been observed with inhaled tobramycin solutions [see Adverse Reactions (6.2) ] , onset of this symptom warrants caution. Ototoxicity, manifested as both auditory and vestibular toxicity, has been reported with parenteral aminoglycosides.
Vestibular toxicity may be manifested by vertigo, ataxia or dizziness. Patients with known or suspected auditory or vestibular dysfunction should be closely monitored when taking tobramycin inhalation solution. Monitoring may include obtaining audiometric evaluations and serum tobramycin levels.
If ototoxicity is noted, the patient should be managed as medically appropriate, including potentially discontinuing tobramycin inhalation solution. Risk of Ototoxicity Due to Mitochondrial DNA Variants Cases of ototoxicity with aminoglycosides have been observed in patients with certain variants in the mitochondrially encoded 12S rRNA gene ( MT-RNR1 ), particularly the m.1555A>G variant. Ototoxicity occurred in some patients even when their aminoglycoside serum levels were within the recommended range.
Mitochondrial DNA variants are present in less than 1% of the general US population, and the proportion of the variant carriers who may develop ototoxicity as well as the severity of ototoxicity is unknown. In case of known maternal history of ototoxicity due to aminoglycoside use or a known mitochondrial DNA variant in the patient, consider alternative treatments other than aminoglycosides unless the increased risk of permanent hearing loss is outweighed by the severity of infection and lack of safe and effective alternative therapies.
5.2Nephrotoxicity Caution should be exercised when prescribing tobramycin inhalation solution to patients with known or suspected renal dysfunction. Nephrotoxicity was not seen during tobramycin inhalation solution clinical studies but has been associated with aminoglycosides as a class. Patients with known or suspected renal dysfunction or taking concomitant nephrotoxic drugs along with tobramycin inhala… [Excerpted — this section continues on DailyMed.]
🤒 Adverse Reactions ▾
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS Common adverse reactions (more than 5%) occurring more frequently in tobramycin inhalation solution patients are forced expiratory volume decreased, rales, red blood cell sedimentation rate increased, and dysphonia. ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Northstar Rx LLC at 1-800-206-7821 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.
6.1Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in clinical trials of drugs cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. The data described below reflect exposure to tobramycin inhalation solution in two placebo-controlled studies in 305 cystic fibrosis patients. Patients receiving tobramycin inhalation solution ranged in age from 6 to 31 years.
In Study 1, an eight week study, 29 patients received tobramycin inhalation solution versus 30 patients who received placebo for a total of four weeks on drug and four weeks off drug. All patients were ≤ 30 years of age (mean age 12.6 years) and 46% were females. 52.5% of patients were 6 to 12 years of age while 30.5% of patients were 13-17 years old.
Only 16.5% of patients were adults (> 17 years old). Eighty percent (80%) of patients were chronically colonized with Pseudomonas aeruginosa while 20.3% of patients were initially or intermittently colonized with Pseudomonas aeruginosa during the study. More patients in the placebo group discontinued/dropped out of Study 1 than in the tobramycin inhalation solution group (23% [7/30] vs 3.4% [1/29], respectively).
Five patients in the placebo group compared to none in the tobramycin inhalation solution group discontinued/dropped out because of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) such as pulmonary exacerbations and respiratory disorders. In Study 2, a 24 week study, 161 patients received tobramycin inhalation solution versus 85 patients who received placebo in alternating four week on-off cycles for three cycles. All patients were ≤ 46 years of age (mean age 14.8 years) and 45% were females.
41% of patients were 6-12 years old while 29% of patients were 13-17 years old. Only 30% were adults (>17 years). Eighty-seven percent (87%) of patients were chronically colonized with P. aeruginosa .
Only 13% were either initially or intermittently colonized with P. aeruginosa during the study. More patients in the placebo group discontinued/dropped out of Study 2 than in the tobramycin inhalation solution group (9.4% [8/85] vs 4.3% [7/161], respectively). Of these, 3 patients in the tobramycin inhalation solution group (1.9%) compared to 2 patients in the placebo group (2.4%) withdrew due to a TEAE.
The most common TEAEs causing patients to discontinue from the study drug are respiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal disorders. The most common adverse experiences reported were respiratory disorders, consistent with the underlying disease in the patient population being evaluated and these were similarly distributed between both tobramycin inhalation solution- and placebo-treated patients. The following adverse reactions were reported in at least 5% of tobramycin inhalation solution -treated patients and at rates ≥ 2% more common compared to the placebo-treated patients: decreased forced expiratory volume, rales, red blood cell sedimentation rate increased, and dysphonia (Table 1).
Table 1: Patients with Selected Treatment-Emergent Adverse Reactions Occurring in ≥ 2% of Tobramycin Inhalation Solution Patients Adverse Reactions Tobramycin Inhalation Solution N=190 (%) Placebo N=115 (%) Forced expiratory volume decreased 59 (31%) 33 (29%) Rales 36 (19%) 18 (16%) Red blood cell sedimentation rate increased 16 (8%) 6 (5%) Dysphonia 11 (6%) 2 (2%) Wheezing 10 (5%) 4 (4%) Epistaxis 6 (3%) 0 Pharyngolaryngeal pain 5 (3%) 2 (2%) Bronchitis 5 (3%) 1 (1%) Tonsillitis 4 (2%) 0 Diarrhea 3 (2%) 1 (1%) Eosinophilia 3 (2%) 0 Immu… [Excerpted — this section continues on DailyMed.]
🔄 Drug Interactions ▾
7 DRUG INTERACTIONS Concurrent and/or sequential use of tobramycin inhalation solution with other drugs with neurotoxic, nephrotoxic or ototoxic potential should be avoided. ( 7.1 ) Tobramycin inhalation solution should not be administered concomitantly with ethacrynic acid, furosemide, urea, or intravenous mannitol. ( 7.2 )
7.1Drugs with Neurotoxic, Nephrotoxic, or Ototoxic Potential Concurrent and/or sequential use of tobramycin inhalation solution with other drugs with neurotoxic, nephrotoxic, or ototoxic potential should be avoided.
7.2Diuretics Some diuretics can enhance aminoglycoside toxicity by altering antibiotic concentrations in serum and tissue. Therefore, tobramycin inhalation solution should not be administered concomitantly with ethacrynic acid, furosemide, urea, or intravenous mannitol. The interaction between inhaled mannitol and tobramycin inhalation solution has not been evaluated.
👥 Use in Specific Populations ▾
8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS Aminoglycosides can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. ( 8.1 ) Nursing mothers: discontinue drug or nursing, taking into consideration the importance of the drug to a mother. ( 8.2 )
8.1Pregnancy Risk Summary Aminoglycosides can cause fetal harm. Published literature reports that use of streptomycin, an aminoglycoside, can cause total, irreversible, bilateral congenital deafness when administered to a pregnant woman [ Warnings and Precautions (5.6) ]. Although there are no available data on use of tobramycin inhalation solution in pregnant women to be able to inform a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes, systemic absorption of tobramycin following inhaled administration is expected to be minimal [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ].
There are risks to the mother associated with cystic fibrosis in pregnancy (see Clinical Considerations) . In animal reproduction studies with subcutaneous administration of tobramycin in pregnant rats and rabbits during organogenesis there were no adverse developmental outcomes; however, ototoxicity was not evaluated in the offspring from these studies (see Data) . Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus.
The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated populations are unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively.
Clinical Considerations Disease-Associated Maternal and/or Embryo/Fetal Risk Cystic fibrosis may increase the risk for preterm delivery. Data Animal Data No reproduction toxicology studies have been conducted with inhaled tobramycin. However, subcutaneous administration of tobramycin at doses of up to 100 (rat) or 20 (rabbit) mg/kg/day during organogenesis was not associated with adverse developmental outcomes.
Subcutaneous doses of tobramycin ≥ 40mg/kg/day were severely maternally toxic to rabbits and precluded the evaluation of adverse developmental outcomes. Ototoxicity was not evaluated in offspring during nonclinical reproductive toxicity studies with tobramycin.
8.2Lactation Risk Summary There are no data on the presence of tobramycin in either human or animal milk, the effects on the breastfed infant, or the effects on milk production following oral inhalation of tobramycin inhalation solution. Limited published data on other formulations of tobramycin in lactating women indicate that tobramycin is present in human milk. However, systemic absorption of tobramycin following inhaled administration is expected to be minimal [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] .
Tobramycin may cause alteration in the intestinal flora of the breastfeeding infant (see Clinical Considerations) . The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother's clinical need for tobramycin inhalation solution and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed child from tobramycin inhalation solution or from the underlying maternal condition. Clinical Considerations Tobramycin may cause intestinal flora alteration.
Advise a woman to monitor the breastfed infant for loose or bloody stools and candidiasis (thrush, diaper rash).
8.4Pediatric Use The safety and efficacy of tobramycin inhalation solution have not been studied in pediatric cystic fibrosis patients under six years of age.
8.5Geriatric Use Clinical studies of tobramycin inhalation solution did not include patients aged 65 years and over. Tobramycin is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of adverse reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, it may be useful to monitor renal function [see… [Excerpted — this section continues on DailyMed.]
🤰 Pregnancy ▾
8.1Pregnancy Risk Summary Aminoglycosides can cause fetal harm. Published literature reports that use of streptomycin, an aminoglycoside, can cause total, irreversible, bilateral congenital deafness when administered to a pregnant woman [ Warnings and Precautions (5.6) ]. Although there are no available data on use of tobramycin inhalation solution in pregnant women to be able to inform a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes, systemic absorption of tobramycin following inhaled administration is expected to be minimal [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ].
There are risks to the mother associated with cystic fibrosis in pregnancy (see Clinical Considerations) . In animal reproduction studies with subcutaneous administration of tobramycin in pregnant rats and rabbits during organogenesis there were no adverse developmental outcomes; however, ototoxicity was not evaluated in the offspring from these studies (see Data) . Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus.
The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated populations are unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively.
Clinical Considerations Disease-Associated Maternal and/or Embryo/Fetal Risk Cystic fibrosis may increase the risk for preterm delivery. Data Animal Data No reproduction toxicology studies have been conducted with inhaled tobramycin. However, subcutaneous administration of tobramycin at doses of up to 100 (rat) or 20 (rabbit) mg/kg/day during organogenesis was not associated with adverse developmental outcomes.
Subcutaneous doses of tobramycin ≥ 40mg/kg/day were severely maternally toxic to rabbits and precluded the evaluation of adverse developmental outcomes. Ototoxicity was not evaluated in offspring during nonclinical reproductive toxicity studies with tobramycin.
🧒 Pediatric Use ▾
8.4Pediatric Use The safety and efficacy of tobramycin inhalation solution have not been studied in pediatric cystic fibrosis patients under six years of age.
🧓 Geriatric Use ▾
8.5Geriatric Use Clinical studies of tobramycin inhalation solution did not include patients aged 65 years and over. Tobramycin is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of adverse reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, it may be useful to monitor renal function [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2 , 5.5 )].
🆘 Overdosage ▾
10 OVERDOSAGE No overdoses have been reported with tobramycin inhalation solution in clinical trials. Signs and symptoms of acute toxicity from overdosage of intravenous tobramycin might include dizziness, tinnitus, vertigo, loss of high-tone hearing acuity, respiratory failure, neuromuscular blockade, and renal impairment. Administration by inhalation results in low systemic bioavailability of tobramycin.
Tobramycin is not significantly absorbed following oral administration. Tobramycin serum concentrations may be helpful in monitoring overdosage. In all cases of suspected overdosage, physicians should contact the Regional Poison Control Center for information about effective treatment.
In the case of any overdosage, the possibility of drug interactions with alterations in drug disposition should be considered.
🧬 Clinical Pharmacology ▾
12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
12.1Mechanism of Action Tobramycin inhalation solution is an aminoglycoside antibacterial [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.4) ].
12.3Pharmacokinetics Tobramycin inhalation solution contains tobramycin, a cationic polar molecule that does not readily cross epithelial membranes. 1 The bioavailability of tobramycin inhalation solution may vary because of individual differences in nebulizer performance and airway pathology. 2 Sputum Concentrations Thirty minutes after inhalation of the first 300 mg dose of tobramycin inhalation solution, the maximum geometric mean concentration of tobramycin was 814 mcg/g (ranging from 23 to 2843 mcg/g) in sputum.
High variability of tobramycin concentration in sputum was observed. Three hours after inhalation started, sputum tobramycin concentrations declined to approximately 15% of those observed at 30 minutes. After four weeks of therapy with tobramycin inhalation solution average mean sputum tobramycin concentrations obtained 10 minutes following administration were 717 mcg/g.
Distribution Following administration of tobramycin inhalation solution, tobramycin remains concentrated primarily in the airways. Binding of tobramycin to serum proteins is negligible. Elimination Tobramycin is not metabolized.
The elimination half-life of tobramycin from serum is approximately two hours after intravenous (IV) administration. The elimination half-life following the inhalation of tobramycin inhalation solution is approximately 4.4 hours. Assuming tobramycin absorbed following inhalation behaves similarly to tobramycin following intravenous administration, systemically absorbed tobramycin is eliminated principally by glomerular filtration.
Unabsorbed tobramycin following inhalation is likely eliminated in expectorated sputum.
12.4Microbiology Mechanism of Action Tobramycin, an aminoglycoside antibacterial, acts primarily by disrupting protein synthesis in the bacterial cell which eventually leads to death of the cell. Tobramycin has activity against a wide range of gram-negative bacteria including P. aeruginosa . It is bactericidal at or above the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) needed to inhibit growth of bacteria.
Mechanism of Resistance The predominant mechanism of resistance to tobramycin in P. aeruginosa isolated from CF patients is impermeability and to a lesser extent enzymatic modification and other mechanisms which cumulatively lead to decreased susceptibility of P. aeruginosa to tobramycin. Cross Resistance Cross resistance between aminoglycosides exists but the cross resistance is variable. Development of Resistance Treatment for six months with tobramycin inhalation solution in one clinical trial did not affect the susceptibility of the majority of P. aeruginosa isolates tested; however, increases in minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were noted in some patients.
The clinical significance of this information has not been clearly established in the treatment of cystic fibrosis patients. Susceptibility Testing The clinical microbiology laboratory should provide cumulative results of the in vitro susceptibility test results for antimicrobial drugs used in local hospitals and practice areas to the physicians as periodic reports that describe the susceptibility profile of nosocomial and community-acquired pathogens. These reports should aid the physician in selecting the most effective antimicrobial.
Susceptibility Testing Techniques Dilution Techniques Quantitative methods can be used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of tobramycin that will inhibit the growth of the bacteria being tested. The MIC provides an estimate of the susceptibility of bacteria to tobramycin. The MIC should be determined using a standardized procedure.
3, 5 Standardized procedures are based on a dilution method (broth or agar) or equivalent with standardized inoculum concentrations and standardized concentrations of tobramycin powder. Diffusion Techniques Quantitat… [Excerpted — this section continues on DailyMed.]
🧬 Mechanism of Action ▾
12.1Mechanism of Action Tobramycin inhalation solution is an aminoglycoside antibacterial [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.4) ].
📦 How Supplied / Storage and Handling ▾
16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING
16.1How Supplied Tobramycin inhalation solution, USP 300 mg/4 mL is supplied as a sterile, a clear, colorless or slight yellow to pale yellow color, non-pyrogenic, aqueous solution and is available as follows: NDC 72603-630-56: 4 mL single-dose ampule (carton of 14 foil pouches each containing four ampules)
16.2Storage and Handling Tobramycin inhalation solution, USP should be stored under refrigeration at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F). Upon removal from the refrigerator, or if refrigeration is unavailable, tobramycin inhalation solution, USP pouches (opened or unopened) may be stored at room temperature [up to 25°C (77°F)] for up to 28 days. Tobramycin inhalation solution, USP should not be used beyond the expiration date stamped on the ampule when stored under refrigeration 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F) or beyond 28 days when stored at room temperature [up to 25°C (77°F)].
Tobramycin inhalation solution, USP ampules should not be exposed to intense light. Tobramycin inhalation solution, USP is light sensitive; unopened ampules should be returned to the foil pouch. The solution in the ampule is colorless to pale yellow, but may darken with age if not stored in the refrigerator; however, the color change does not indicate any change in the quality of the product as long as it is stored within the recommended storage conditions.
📦 Storage and Handling ▾
16.2Storage and Handling Tobramycin inhalation solution, USP should be stored under refrigeration at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F). Upon removal from the refrigerator, or if refrigeration is unavailable, tobramycin inhalation solution, USP pouches (opened or unopened) may be stored at room temperature [up to 25°C (77°F)] for up to 28 days. Tobramycin inhalation solution, USP should not be used beyond the expiration date stamped on the ampule when stored under refrigeration 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F) or beyond 28 days when stored at room temperature [up to 25°C (77°F)].
Tobramycin inhalation solution, USP ampules should not be exposed to intense light. Tobramycin inhalation solution, USP is light sensitive; unopened ampules should be returned to the foil pouch. The solution in the ampule is colorless to pale yellow, but may darken with age if not stored in the refrigerator; however, the color change does not indicate any change in the quality of the product as long as it is stored within the recommended storage conditions.
📋 Description ▾
11 DESCRIPTION Tobramycin inhalation solution, USP is a sterile, a clear, colorless or slight yellow to pale yellow color, non-pyrogenic, aqueous solution with pH and salinity adjusted. Tobramycin inhalation solution, USP is administered by a compressed air driven reusable nebulizer. The chemical formula for tobramycin, USP is C 18 H 37 N 5 O 9 and the molecular weight is 467.52.
Tobramycin, USP is O-3-amino-3-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-[2,6-diamino-2,3,6-trideoxy-α-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1→6)]-2-deoxy-L-streptamine. The structural formula for tobramycin, USP is: Each single-dose 4 mL ampule of tobramycin inhalation solution, USP contains one 300 mg dose of tobramycin, with sodium chloride and sulfuric acid in water for injection. Sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide are used, as needed, to adjust the pH to 5.0.
Nitrogen is used for sparging, filling and pouching. The formulation contains no preservatives. Tobramycin structural formula
💬 Information for Patients ▾
17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION Advise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (Patient Information and Instructions for Use). Information for Patients Information on the long term efficacy and safety of tobramycin inhalation solution is limited. There is no information in patients with severe cystic fibrosis (FEV 1 < 40% predicted).
Patients should be advised to complete a full 28-day course of tobramycin inhalation solution, even if they are feeling better. After 28 days of therapy, patients should stop tobramycin inhalation solution therapy for the next 28 days, and then resume therapy for the next 28 day on and 28 day off cycle. For patients taking several different inhaled medications and/or performing chest physiotherapy, advise the patient regarding the order they should take the therapies.
It is recommended that tobramycin inhalation solution be taken last. Tobramycin inhalation solution is to be used with the PARI LC PLUS reusable nebulizer and the PARI VIOS air compressor. Refer to the manufacturer's instructions for care and use of the nebulizer and compressor.
17.1Ototoxicity Inform patients that ototoxicity, as measured by complaints of hearing loss or tinnitus, was reported by patients treated with tobramycin. Physicians should consider an audiogram at baseline, particularly for patients at increased risk of auditory dysfunction. If a patient reports tinnitus or hearing loss during tobramycin inhalation solution therapy, the physician should refer that patient for audiological assessment.
Patients should be reminded that vestibular toxicity may manifest as vertigo, ataxia, or dizziness.
17.2Bronchospasm Inform patients that bronchospasm can occur with inhalation of tobramycin.
17.3Risks Associated with Aminoglycosides Inform patients of adverse reactions associated with aminoglycosides such as nephrotoxicity and neuromuscular disorders.
17.4Laboratory Tests Inform patients of the need to monitor hearing, serum concentrations of tobramycin, or renal function as necessary during treatment with tobramycin inhalation solution.
17.5Embryo-Fetal Toxicity Inform patients that aminoglycosides can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Advise them to inform their doctor if they are pregnant, become pregnant, or plan to become pregnant.
17.6Administration Patients should be informed about what to do in the event they miss a dose of tobramycin inhalation solution: In case a dose of tobramycin inhalation solution is missed and there are at least 6 hours until the next dose, patients should be instructed to take the prescribed dose of tobramycin inhalation solution as soon as possible. Otherwise, the missed dose should not be taken and the patient should resume the usual dosing schedule. Patients should be advised to contact their healthcare provider if they have questions.
17.7Storage Instructions You should store tobramycin inhalation solution ampules in a refrigerator (36°F to 46°F or 2°C to 8°C). However, when you don't have a refrigerator available (e.g., transporting your tobramycin inhalation solution), you may store the foil pouches (opened or unopened) at room temperature (up to 77°F/25°C) for up to 28 days. Tobramycin inhalation solution is light sensitive; unopened ampules should be returned to the foil pouch.
Avoid exposing tobramycin inhalation solution ampules to intense light. Unrefrigerated tobramycin inhalation solution, which is normally colorless to pale yellow, may darken with age; however, the color change does not indicate any change in the quality of the product. You should not use tobramycin inhalation solution if it is cloudy, if there are particles in the solution, or if it has been stored at room temperature for more than 28 days.
You should not use tobramycin inhalation solution beyond the expiration date stamped on the ampule. Manufactured for: Northstar Rx LLC Memphis, TN 38141. Manufactured by: Mankind Pharma Limited Paonta Sahib, Sirmaur Himachal Pradesh… [Excerpted — this section continues on DailyMed.]
🧬 Pharmacokinetics ▾
12.3Pharmacokinetics Tobramycin inhalation solution contains tobramycin, a cationic polar molecule that does not readily cross epithelial membranes. 1 The bioavailability of tobramycin inhalation solution may vary because of individual differences in nebulizer performance and airway pathology. 2 Sputum Concentrations Thirty minutes after inhalation of the first 300 mg dose of tobramycin inhalation solution, the maximum geometric mean concentration of tobramycin was 814 mcg/g (ranging from 23 to 2843 mcg/g) in sputum.
High variability of tobramycin concentration in sputum was observed. Three hours after inhalation started, sputum tobramycin concentrations declined to approximately 15% of those observed at 30 minutes. After four weeks of therapy with tobramycin inhalation solution average mean sputum tobramycin concentrations obtained 10 minutes following administration were 717 mcg/g.
Distribution Following administration of tobramycin inhalation solution, tobramycin remains concentrated primarily in the airways. Binding of tobramycin to serum proteins is negligible. Elimination Tobramycin is not metabolized.
The elimination half-life of tobramycin from serum is approximately two hours after intravenous (IV) administration. The elimination half-life following the inhalation of tobramycin inhalation solution is approximately 4.4 hours. Assuming tobramycin absorbed following inhalation behaves similarly to tobramycin following intravenous administration, systemically absorbed tobramycin is eliminated principally by glomerular filtration.
Unabsorbed tobramycin following inhalation is likely eliminated in expectorated sputum.
🔬 Clinical Studies ▾
14 CLINICAL STUDIES Two, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel group clinical studies (Study 1 and Study 2), which randomized and dosed 306 patients, were conducted in cystic fibrosis patients with P. aeruginosa . The osmolality of the drug formulation used in these studies differed from the to-be-marketed product. To rely upon the efficacy and safety established in the placebo-controlled studies, an additional study was conducted as a bridge to the to-be-marketed drug.
The bridging study assessed the efficacy and tolerability of aerosolized Tobramycin Inhalation Solution with osmolality similar to tobramycin inhalation solution over a 4-week treatment in 324 patients with cystic fibrosis. Results of this study showed that the Tobramycin Inhalation Solution in this study had similar efficacy as that seen in the placebo-controlled studies. The compressors in the placebo-controlled studies and the bridging study differed from the PARI VIOS compressor to be used with tobramycin inhalation solution.
In vitro cascade impaction studies demonstrated that the various compressors used in the clinical trials delivered equivalent doses and respirable fractions of the to-be-marketed tobramycin inhalation solution and TOBI with the marketed compressor (PARI VIOS) when used with the same nebulizer (PARI LC Plus Reusable nebulizer). All subjects enrolled in both efficacy studies had baseline FEV 1 % predicted ≥ 40% and ≤80% (mean baseline FEV 1 of 60% of predicted normal) and infected with P. aeruginosa . Subjects who were less than 6 years of age, or who had a baseline creatinine of ≥ 1.5 mg/dL, or who had Burkholderia cepacia isolated from sputum were excluded.
A total of 190 patients, 29 in Study 1 and 161 in Study 2, received tobramycin inhalation solution therapy on an outpatient basis. Of these, 55% were males and 45% were females. Eighty-two (43.2%) patients were between 6 and 12 years of age, 54 (28.4%) patients were between 13 and 17 years of age, and the remaining 54 (28.4%) patients were greater than 17 years of age.
Of the patients who received tobramycin inhalation solution, only 89.7% of patients in Study 1 had at least one concomitant medication, while all patients in Study 2 also received at least one concomitant medication. These concomitant medications include mucolytics, steroidal and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, bronchodilators, rehabilitative physiotherapies and if necessary, antibiotics for bacterial infections other than P. aeruginosa . Study 1 Study 1 was a double-blind, single cycle study that randomized 59 patients to receive tobramycin inhalation solution (n=29) or placebo (n=30) for one cycle of treatment (28 days on treatment followed by 28 days off treatment).
All patients were ≤ 30 years of age (mean age 12.6 years) and 46% were females. All randomized patients were included in the primary analysis except for one patient who had missing baseline information. Tobramycin inhalation solution significantly improved lung function compared with placebo as measured by the absolute change in FEV 1 % predicted from baseline to the end of Cycle 1 dosing in the primary analysis population.
Treatment with tobramycin inhalation solution and placebo resulted in absolute increases in FEV 1 % predicted of 16% and 5%, respectively (LS mean difference = 11%; 95% CI: 3, 19; p=0.003). This analysis is adjusted for the covariate of baseline FEV 1 % predicted, using multiple imputation for missing data. Figure 1 shows the average change in FEV 1 % predicted over eight weeks.
Study 2 Study 2 was a randomized, double-blind, 3-cycle, placebo-controlled trial. A total of 247 eligible patients were randomized 2:1 to receive three cycles of tobramycin inhalation solution (n=161) or placebo (n=86). As in Study 1, each cycle comprised 28 days on treatment followed by 28 days off treatment.
All patients were ≤46 years of age (mean age 14.8 years) and 44.9% were females. In this study, two randomized patients in the… [Excerpted — this section continues on DailyMed.]
🧪 Nonclinical Toxicology ▾
13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY
13.1Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility A two-year rat inhalation toxicology study to assess carcinogenic potential of an inhaled solution of tobramycin has been completed. Rats were exposed to tobramycin for up to 1.5 hours per day for 95 weeks. Serum levels of tobramycin up to 35 mcg/mL were measured in rats, 35x the average 1 mcg/mL exposure levels observed in cystic fibrosis patients in clinical trials.
There was no drug-related increase in the incidence of any variety of tumors. Additionally, tobramycin has been evaluated for genotoxicity in a battery of in vitro and in vivo tests. The Ames bacterial reversion test, conducted with five tester strains, failed to show a significant increase in revertants with or without metabolic activation in all strains.
Tobramycin was negative in the mouse lymphoma forward mutation assay, did not induce chromosomal aberrations in Chinese hamster ovary cells, and was negative in the mouse micronucleus test. Subcutaneous administration of up to 100 mg/kg of tobramycin did not affect mating behavior or cause impairment of fertility in male or female rats.
📄 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility ▾
13.1Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility A two-year rat inhalation toxicology study to assess carcinogenic potential of an inhaled solution of tobramycin has been completed. Rats were exposed to tobramycin for up to 1.5 hours per day for 95 weeks. Serum levels of tobramycin up to 35 mcg/mL were measured in rats, 35x the average 1 mcg/mL exposure levels observed in cystic fibrosis patients in clinical trials.
There was no drug-related increase in the incidence of any variety of tumors. Additionally, tobramycin has been evaluated for genotoxicity in a battery of in vitro and in vivo tests. The Ames bacterial reversion test, conducted with five tester strains, failed to show a significant increase in revertants with or without metabolic activation in all strains.
Tobramycin was negative in the mouse lymphoma forward mutation assay, did not induce chromosomal aberrations in Chinese hamster ovary cells, and was negative in the mouse micronucleus test. Subcutaneous administration of up to 100 mg/kg of tobramycin did not affect mating behavior or cause impairment of fertility in male or female rats.
📚 References ▾
15 REFERENCES Neu HC. Tobramycin: an overview. [Review]. J Infect Dis.
1976; Suppl 134:S3-19. Weber A, Smith A, Williams-Warren J, et al. Nebulizer delivery of tobramycin to the lower respiratory tract.
Pediatr Pulmonol. 1994; 17(5):331-9. Clinical and laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria that Grow Aerobically: Approved Standard -9 th edition.
CLSI document M07-A9. CLSI 940 West Valley Rd. Suite 1400, Wayne PA 19087-1898.
2012 CLSI Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: 22 nd Informational supplement CLSI document M100-S22. CLSI 2012. CLSI Performance standards for Antimicrobial Disk Susceptibility Tests: Approved standard -11 th ed.
CLSI document M02-A11. CLSI 2012. PARI Vios Aerosol Delivery System with LC Plus Nebulizer: Instructions for Use.
PARI Respiratory Equipment, Inc. 2010; 310D0028 Rev A 6-10.
📄 Patient Package Insert ▾
SPL PATIENT PACKAGE INSERT Patient Information Tobramycin Inhalation Solution ( toh-bruh- mahy -sin ) for oral inhalation use What is tobramycin inhalation solution? Tobramycin inhalation solution is a prescription medicine that is used to treat people with cystic fibrosis who have a bacterial infection called Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Tobramycin inhalation solution contains an antibacterial medicine called tobramycin (an aminoglycoside).
It is not known if tobramycin inhalation solution is safe and effective: in children under 6 years of age in people who have decreased lung volume or a forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1 ) less than 40% or greater than 80% predicted in people who are colonized with a bacterium called Burkholderia cepacia Do not take tobramycin inhalation solution if you are allergic to tobramycin, any of the ingredients in tobramycin inhalation solution, or to any other aminoglycoside antibacterial. See the end of this Patient Information for a complete list of ingredients in tobramycin inhalation solution.
Before you take tobramycin inhalation solution, tell your healthcare provider about all of your medical conditions, including if you: have or have had hearing problems (including noises in your ears such as ringing or hissing), hearing loss, or your mother has had hearing problems after taking an aminoglycoside. have been told you have certain gene variants (a change in the gene) related to hearing abnormalities inherited from your mother. have dizziness have or have had kidney problems have or have had problems with muscle weakness such as myasthenia gravis or Parkinson's disease have or have had breathing problems such as wheezing, coughing, or chest tightness are pregnant or plan to become pregnant.
Tobramycin inhalation solution is in a class of medicines that can harm your unborn baby and may be connected with complete deafness in babies at birth. The deafness affects both ears and cannot be changed. are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. It is not known if tobramycin passes into your breast milk.
Tobramycin, the medicine in tobramycin inhalation solution may cause the following symptoms in your breastfed baby: loose or bloody stools yeast infection in the mouth or throat (thrush) diaper rash Call your baby's healthcare provider if your breastfed baby has any of these problems. Talk to your healthcare provider about the best way to feed your baby during treatment with tobramycin inhalation solution. are receiving aminoglycoside therapy by injection or through a vein (intravenous) while taking tobramycin inhalation solution.
Your blood levels of tobramycin will be checked. Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription medicines, over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. How should I take Tobramycin Inhalation Solution?
See the step-by-step Instructions for Use at the end of this Patient Information leaflet about the right way to take your tobramycin inhalation solution. Take tobramycin inhalation solution exactly as your healthcare provider tells you to. Do not change your dose or stop taking tobramycin inhalation solution unless your healthcare provider tells you to.
The usual dose of tobramycin inhalation solution for adults and children over 6 years of age is: 1 single-dose ampule of tobramycin inhalation solution inhaled 2 times each day using your hand-held PARI LC PLUS Reusable Nebulizer with a PARI Vios air compressor. Each dose of tobramycin inhalation solution should be taken as close to 12 hours apart as possible. You should not take your dose of tobramycin inhalation solution less than 6 hours apart.
Tobramycin inhalation solution is taken as a breathing treatment (inhalation) with a hand-held PARI LC Reusable Nebulizer with a PARI Vios air compressor. Do not use any other nebulizer for your tobramycin inhalation solution treatment. Do not mix or dilute tobramycin inhalation solution with dornase alfa or other medicines… [Excerpted — this section continues on DailyMed.]
📄 Recent Major Changes ▾
RECENT MAJOR CHANGES Warnings and Precautions, Ototoxicity (5.1) 2/2023
📄 Package Label / Principal Display Panel ▾
PACKAGE LABEL.PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL NDC 72603-630-04 Tobramycin Inhalation Solution, USP 300 mg/4 mL For Oral Inhalation Only by Nebulizer Single-Dose Only. Discard Each Ampule After One Use. Each foil pouch contains 4 ampules.
Storage: Store in a Refrigerator at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F). Protect from Intense Light. Tobramycin inhalation solution is light sensitive; unopened ampules should be returned to the foil pouch.
Rx Only NDC 72603-630-56 Tobramycin Inhalation Solution, USP 300 mg/4 mL For Oral Inhalation Only by Nebulizer Single-Dose Only. Discard Each Ampule After One Use. Storage: Store in a Refrigerator at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F).
Tobramycin inhalation solution is light sensitive; unopened ampules should be returned to the foil pouch. Each carton contains 56 Single-Dose Ampules (28-Day Supply) Rx Only . .
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