Drug & supplement interaction

Comfrey + Lamivudine, Zidovudine

Lamivudine, Zidovudine brand name: Combivir.

Moderate Interaction
Medically reviewed by · Updated September 2026
The bottom line Moderate

Comfrey has a moderate interaction with Lamivudine, Zidovudine. Theoretically, comfrey might have additive adverse effects on the liver when used with hepatotoxic drugs.

Read the full interaction report
SeverityModerate
LikelihoodPossible
EvidenceD
What do Severity, Likelihood & Evidence mean?
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Interaction report

Comfrey and Lamivudine, Zidovudine

Here is the interaction we found between these two, with the evidence behind it.

Moderate

HEPATOTOXIC DRUGS

Why this applies to Lamivudine, Zidovudine

Lamivudine, Zidovudine falls under HEPATOTOXIC DRUGS — the group Comfrey interacts with.

Theoretically, comfrey might have additive adverse effects on the liver when used with hepatotoxic drugs.
Due to its pyrrolizidine alkaloid constituents, comfrey can cause hepatotoxic effects, including ascites, cirrhosis, hepatic fibrosis, hepatomegaly, and sinusoidal obstruction syndrome.
Severity Moderate Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Interaction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists.

Dr. Brian Staiger, PharmD, BCPS
Dr. Brian Staiger explains PharmD, Clinical Pharmacist

Here's the simple version: comfrey taken by mouth can be hard on your liver because of natural compounds it contains called pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Combivir (lamivudine and zidovudine) can also stress the liver in some people, sometimes raising liver enzymes or, rarely, causing a serious problem called lactic acidosis with liver swelling. Stacking two things that each burden the liver may add up.

This isn't about Combivir building up or working differently. It's about shared liver strain. The concern is mostly theoretical and based on how these substances behave, but it's a real reason to be cautious. Honestly, comfrey shouldn't be swallowed at all. If you use a comfrey cream on intact skin briefly, that's a far smaller worry. Please check with your pharmacist or doctor before combining them.

Contact Dr. Brian directly if you have additional questions on this interaction
References
  1. Food and Drug Administration. FDA Advises Dietary Supplement Manufacturers to Remove Comfrey Products From the Market. July 6, 2001. Available at: http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/dspltr06.html.
  2. Stickel F, Seitz HK. The efficacy and safety of comfrey. Public Health Nutr 2000;3:501-8. PubMed

What These Ratings Mean

Every interaction above is graded three ways — here’s the key to each label.

Severity how clinically significant the interaction is
Major

Clinically significant. Avoid the combination, or use only under close professional supervision.

Moderate

Usually worth avoiding or managing — may need monitoring, a dose change, or timing apart.

Minor

Generally not serious. Be aware of it and mention it to your pharmacist.

Likelihood how strong the evidence is that the interaction actually happens in people
  • LikelyWell-controlled human studies have demonstrated the likely existence of this interaction.
  • ProbableInteraction has not been documented in well-controlled studies, however, the interaction has been demonstrated in some small human studies or in controlled animal studies in conjunction with multiple case reports.
  • PossibleInteraction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists.
  • UnlikelyInteraction has been demonstrated in animal or in lab research but has been shown not to occur in humans.
Evidence the quality of the studies behind the rating (graded A–D)
  • AHigh-quality meta-analysis (quantitative systematic review).
  • BCase-control study.
  • CConsensus.
  • DAnecdotal evidence.

These ratings are for information only. Never start, stop, or otherwise change your therapy before speaking with your provider.

Keep it in perspective

Comfrey Also Interacts With Other Medications

Comfrey has 437 moderate known drug interactions in our database — the Lamivudine, Zidovudine one above is one of them. If you take anything else, check it against the full list below.

Moderate 437 No known interaction 2,393 (incl. Lamivudine, Zidovudine)
Taking anything else?

Check Another of Your Medications Against Comfrey

Covers the 2,830 medications we’ve checked against Comfrey. Pick one to open its full report.

Everything else you take

See Every Supplement That Interacts With Lamivudine, Zidovudine

This page covers Comfrey only. If you take other supplements — a multivitamin, a sleep aid, something for joints — the Lamivudine, Zidovudine page lists 60 supplements it has a documented interaction with, worst first, each one explained.

The most serious there right now: Activated Charcoal (major), Beer (major), Siberian Cocklebur (major), Wine (major) and African Wild Potato (moderate).

By severity: 4 major · 47 moderate · 9 minor.

From our pharmacist’s overview on the Lamivudine, Zidovudine page

“Combivir (lamivudine plus zidovudine) treats HIV, and this list deserves real care, mostly because so many entries can compound strain on the liver. Zidovudine already asks a lot of that organ, and 38 of the 60 supplements on file, from ashwagandha to comfrey, add liver risk of their own.”

Reviewed by 2 · Jul 18, 2026

Open the Lamivudine, Zidovudine interaction page

One more smart check

Taking Comfrey as Part of a Dietary Supplement Product? Check It for Interactions

We hold 29 real supplement products containing Comfrey, each one broken down to its full ingredient list — and combination products often carry several ingredients besides Comfrey. Your product may carry other ingredients that interact with Lamivudine, Zidovudine too, on top of Comfrey — and those would not show on this page. Find your product and we’ll check every ingredient on its label:

How much people look this up

Where Comfrey and Lamivudine, Zidovudine Sit Against Everything Else

Out of every supplement and medication people look up on HelloPharmacist, here is where these two land this week — and which way each has been moving.

Supplement Comfrey
Steady interest

#990 of 1,452 supplements looked up here in the last 7 days

29 days ago today
Medication Lamivudine, Zidovudine
Top half

#1,374 of 2,830 medications looked up here in the last 7 days

29 days ago today

Position among everything looked up on this site, not a measure of how commonly either one is used or how important it is. A supplement can climb this list because of a news story. It counts every request to the page, automated ones included, and nothing here identifies anyone.

Supplement

About Comfrey

What is Comfrey?

Comfrey
  • Bruises and sprains
  • Muscle and joint pain
  • Minor wounds and skin irritation
  • Back pain
  • Inflammation

Comfrey is a traditional herb used mainly on the skin for bruises, sprains, and joint pain, and some topical products show modest benefit for these uses. However, comfrey contains compounds that can seriously damage the liver, so it should never be taken by mouth and should only be used on unbroken skin for short periods. Pregnant or breastfeeding people should avoid it entirely.

Read the full Comfrey monograph & all interactions
Medication

About Lamivudine and Zidovudine

What Is Lamivudine and Zidovudine Used For?

Brand name: Combivir

Lamivudine and zidovudine tablets — sold as Combivir and under the generic name lamivudine and zidovudine — are used to treat HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus type 1) infection in adults, adolescents, and children who weigh at least 30 kg (about 66 lbs). This medicine is always used together with at least one other antiretroviral drug, not on its own.

The tablet combines two nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (a class of antivirals that block a key step in HIV replication) into a single convenient dose. It does not cure HIV, but when taken correctly as part of a combination regimen, it helps control the virus.

See full Lamivudine and Zidovudine drug information
Keep checking

Other Drugs & Comfrey

Browse every other medication we’ve checked against Comfrey — both the ones with a known interaction and the ones without. Select any drug for the full detail.

0Major
437Moderate
0Minor
2,392No known interaction
437 Moderate 2,392 No interaction
Moderate

437 interactions

Showing 60 of 437 moderate interactions — see all 437 on the Comfrey page.

No interaction 2,392 drugs checked — show the list

We also checked Comfrey against these medications and found no known interaction in our sources. Open any page to confirm.

Showing the 60 most looked-up of 2,392 medications checked with no known interaction — see the full Comfrey list.

See the full Comfrey interactions page
See every supplement checked against Lamivudine, Zidovudine, ranked by severity
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Interaction details are evidence-graded and sourced from the Natural Medicines database. The medication overview comes from MedlinePlus.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

Keep exploring
Comfrey monograph › Uses, safety, and every drug interaction in one place Lamivudine, Zidovudine supplement interactions › Every supplement checked against Lamivudine, Zidovudine, ranked by severity Lamivudine and Zidovudine drug information › The full plain-English guide to this medication Supplement interaction checker › Check any supplement or product against your medications Browse medications A–Z › Every drug we've checked against herbs & supplements Ask a pharmacist › Free, personal answer from our licensed team
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Taking Comfrey and Lamivudine, Zidovudine Together: Common Questions

Can you take Comfrey with Lamivudine, Zidovudine?
There is a moderate interaction, so it may be acceptable with monitoring or timing changes — but check with your pharmacist first. Read the full details on this page and confirm with your pharmacist before combining them.
How serious is the Comfrey and Lamivudine, Zidovudine interaction?
We rate it Moderate. This combination may require monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separating the times you take each one. Consult your pharmacist before using them together.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Still Have a Question About Lamivudine, Zidovudine and Comfrey?

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This information is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always check with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or combining supplements and medications.