Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 4 of 8 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

BCAA's Glutamine & L-Carnitine Pineapple Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by 1 Up Nutrition

Powder Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

BCAA's Glutamine & L-Carnitine Pineapple is a dietary supplement by 1 Up Nutrition with 8 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for muscle recovery and sports performance, gut health and 'leaky gut', recovery from severe illness or injury.Based on those ingredients, 247 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are L-Citrulline, L-Glutamine, L-Carnitine. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

HelloPharmacist Scorecard of BCAA's Glutamine & L-Carnitine Pineapple by 1 Up Nutrition

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

What’s inside

Partial disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Partial

Most active ingredients list an amount, but at least one is hidden in a blend or missing.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 6 of its 8 active ingredients.
  • “Glycogenic Hydration Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (280 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

This powder contains eight active ingredients. The BCAAs (branched-chain amino acids) are L-Leucine, L-Isoleucine, and L-Valine — they support muscle recovery and energy during and after exercise.

L-Glutamine and L-Citrulline help with muscle function and blood flow. L-Carnitine aids in energy production by helping your body use fat for fuel.

Glycine supports muscle protein and connective tissue. The product also includes a Glycogenic Hydration Blend and Sustamine (an amino acid compound) for hydration and amino acid delivery during workouts.

The remaining ingredients are inactive — fillers, binders, and flavorings to make the powder mix and taste like pineapple.

Does it work?

Strong evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed

This product doesn't appear to be marketed for a specific use, so we graded its ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.

Strong

Strong clinical evidence supports its ingredients for:

Why this rating?
  • We looked at the product name, claims, and label statements and couldn't find a stated purpose to grade.
  • Since the label doesn't commit to one use, we graded the ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.
  • On file: L-carnitine deficiency — rated "Effective" (L-carnitine) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Sickle cell disease — rated "Effective" (Glutamine) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: HIV/AIDS-related wasting — rated "Possibly Effective" (Glutamine) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Angina — rated "Possibly Effective" (L-carnitine) (Natural Medicines).
  • On file: Athletic performance — rated "Possibly Effective" (L-citrulline) (Natural Medicines).

L-Glutamine is effective for sickle cell disease and possibly effective for muscle wasting related to HIV/AIDS, recovery after surgery, and critical illness. L-Carnitine is effective for L-carnitine deficiency and possibly effective for high cholesterol, heart failure, and angina.

L-Citrulline is possibly effective for athletic performance. Glycine is possibly effective for schizophrenia, but evidence for ADHD, prostate health, and cystic fibrosis is insufficient.

For L-Leucine, L-Isoleucine, and L-Valine as standalone treatments, the data we hold does not establish effectiveness ratings.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Glutamine L-citrulline L-carnitine Glycine

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 4 of the 4 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 4 of 4.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 4 of 4.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

L-Glutamine is generally well tolerated in healthy adults; however, people with kidney or liver disease should use it only under medical supervision. The most common side effects are bloating, belching, nausea, diarrhea, constipation, and headache.

L-Carnitine is generally well tolerated at typical doses but can cause stomach upset and a fish-like body odor at higher doses; rare seizures have been reported. L-Citrulline is generally well tolerated and may cause mild heartburn or stomach discomfort.

Glycine is generally well tolerated, though mild sedation, nausea, and soft stools have been reported rarely. L-Glutamine is rated likely safe in pregnancy and lactation.

L-Citrulline should be avoided during pregnancy based on safety data; safety while breastfeeding is unknown, so avoid supplement use. L-Carnitine and Glycine have insufficient data for pregnancy and lactation — there isn't enough information to know either way.

Talk with your doctor or pharmacist for personalized guidance if you're pregnant or breastfeeding.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Glutamine L-citrulline L-carnitine Glycine

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 4 of the 4 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Glutamine, L-carnitine, Glycine, L-citrulline.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; seizure medications.
  • For scale: 247 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Double-check these medication types before taking this product: blood thinners like warfarin and acenocoumarol (Moderate severity); blood pressure drugs and erectile dysfunction medications (Moderate); anticonvulsants (Moderate); thyroid hormone replacement (Moderate); and clozapine for schizophrenia (Moderate). Use the medication checker on this page to look up your exact drugs.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glancePartially disclosed formula with strong clinical evidence behind its ingredients' uses. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This is designed for athletes and fitness enthusiasts who want amino acid and energy support during and after workouts. If you take blood thinners, blood pressure medications, antipsychotics like clozapine, thyroid hormones, erectile dysfunction drugs, or anticonvulsants, check your specific medications with a pharmacist before starting.

Generally well tolerated, but people with kidney or liver disease should get medical clearance first.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 4 of 8 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Sep 22, 2016.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about BCAA's Glutamine & L-Carnitine Pineapple, straight from the product label.

Brand 1 Up Nutrition
Barcode (UPC) 019962550614
Net contents 15.87 oz.; 450 Gram(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Sep 22, 2016
DSLD ID 64637
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Powder
Dietary claims / uses Nutrient, All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for BCAA's Glutamine & L-Carnitine Pineapple by 1 Up Nutrition, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
15 Gram(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
15 Gram(s)
Servings per container
30
UPC/BARCODE
019962550614
IngredientAmount% DV
L-Glutamine2600 mg--
Glycine0 NP--
L-Leucine3600 mg--
L-Isoleucine1600 mg--
L-Citrulline1000 mg--
L-Valine1600 mg--
L-Carnitine1000 mg--
Glycogenic Hydration Blend280 mg--
Sustamine0 NP--

Other ingredients: Maltodextrin, Malic Acid, Pineapple natural & artificial flavor, Citric Acid, Sucralose, Sodium Chloride, Silicon Dioxide, Acesulfame Potassium, Red 40

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Precautions

Do not use if pregnant or nursing.

Discontinue use and immediately consult your health care professional if you experience any adverse reaction to this product. Do not exceed recommended serving.

Do not use this product if printed inner seal under cap is missing or broken.

Warning: Not for use by individuals under the age of 18.

Formulation

No starch or preservatives added.

Gluten Free

Formula

Sustamine

Plus Hydration Complex

Features Sustamine A combination of amino acids L-Alanine and L-Glutamine to help your body rehydrate, replenish and recover

Brand IP Statement(s)

Sustamine is a registered trademark of Kyowa Hakko Bio Co. LTD.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

General Statements

Manufactured free of banned substances in a NSF GMP Certified Facility.

[email protected]

Promotes growth, protein synthesis, performance & strength Promotes fat loss and enhanced recovery

30 Servings

General

UPN00013(2) Rev. 7-19-16

Seals/Symbols

Gluten Free

Quality Guaranteed Purity

Made in the USA

Good Manufacture Practice Quality Product GMP

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Directions: Mix 1 scoop with 8 oz. of water an drink before, during and after training.

Storage

Store in a dry place at room temperature (59F-86F).

See for yourself

BCAA's Glutamine & L-Carnitine Pineapple by 1 Up Nutrition label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

What’s inside

The Ingredients in BCAA's Glutamine & L-Carnitine Pineapple by 1 Up Nutrition

These are the 8 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size15 Gram(s) Dosage formPowder Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

L-Glutamine

Interacts with
50 drugs
2600 mg per serving

Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in the body and is usually made in your muscles. A prescription form is FDA-approved to help reduce sickle c...

L-Glutamine monograph & interactions

L-Leucine

3600 mg per serving

L-Isoleucine

1600 mg per serving

L-Citrulline

Interacts with
178 drugs
1000 mg per serving

L-citrulline is an amino acid that the body turns into L-arginine to help make nitric oxide, which relaxes blood vessels and may improve blood flow. I...

L-Citrulline monograph & interactions

L-Valine

1600 mg per serving

L-Carnitine

Interacts with
19 drugs
1000 mg per serving Form: L-Carnitine L-Tartrate

L-carnitine is a compound your body makes naturally and also gets from foods like meat. It helps cells turn fat into energy, and supplements are most...

L-Carnitine monograph & interactions

Glycogenic Hydration Blend

280 mg per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Maltodextrin, Malic Acid, Pineapple natural & artificial flavor, Citric Acid, Sucralose, Sodium Chloride, Silicon Dioxide, Acesulfame Potassium, Red 40. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

BCAA's Glutamine & L-Carnitine Pineapple by 1 Up Nutrition Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against BCAA's Glutamine & L-Carnitine Pineapple?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

Go to the checker
247Drugs
247 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in BCAA's Glutamine & L-Carnitine Pineapple with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

L-Citrulline2 drug types · 178 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of L-citrulline with antihypertensive drugs might have additive effects and increase the chance of hypotension.
L-citrulline is converted to L-arginine, which can increase nitric oxide and cause vasodilation. However, a meta-analysis of 5 small clinical studies suggests that taking L-citrulline 3-6 grams daily for 1-8 weeks does not lower blood pressure when compared with control.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors

Theoretically, concurrent use of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors and L-citrulline might result in additive vasodilation.
L-citrulline is converted to L-arginine, which can increase nitric oxide and cause vasodilation. Theoretically, taking L-arginine with PDE-5 inhibitors might have additive vasodilatory and hypotensive effects. However, in studies evaluating the combined use of L-arginine and sildenafil for erectile dysfunction, hypotension was not reported.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

L-Glutamine1 drug type · 50 drugs

Anticonvulsants

Theoretically, glutamine might antagonize the effects of anticonvulsant medications.
Glutamine is metabolized to the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. Glutamate might have antagonistic effects with anticonvulsant drugs. However, this interaction has not yet been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

L-Carnitine3 drug types · 19 drugs

Acenocoumarol (Sintrom)

Theoretically, L-carnitine might increase the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol.
L-carnitine might enhance the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol, an oral anticoagulant similar to warfarin, but shorter-acting. There are at least two case reports of INR elevation with concomitant use. In one case, a 33-year-old male with a previously stable INR had an elevated INR of 4.65 after L-carnitine was started and continued for 10 weeks. INR normalized after discontinuation of the L-carnitine-containing product.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Thyroid Hormone

Theoretically, L-carnitine might decrease the effectiveness of thyroid hormone replacement.
L-carnitine appears to act as a peripheral thyroid hormone antagonist by inhibiting entry of thyroid hormone into the nucleus of cells. Taking L-carnitine also seems to diminish some of the symptoms of hyperthyroidism.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, L-carnitine might increase the anticoagulant effects of warfarin.
L-carnitine might increase the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol, a shorter-acting oral anticoagulant similar to warfarin. There is not enough information to know whether this interaction occurs with L-carnitine and warfarin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Glycine1 drug type · 1 drug

Clozapine (Clozaril)

Theoretically, glycine might decrease the effectiveness of clozapine.
One small clinical study in patients with schizophrenia shows that adding glycine to clozapine therapy worsens symptoms of schizophrenia when compared with clozapine alone. The mechanism of this interaction is unclear.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for BCAA's Glutamine & L-Carnitine Pineapple, from the product label.

1 Up Nutrition

See all 1 Up Nutrition products
Name
1 Up Nutrition
Street Address
7260 NW 58th St.
City
Miami
State
FL
ZipCode
33166
Phone Number
1-800-688-1094
Web Address
www.1upnutrition.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

BCAA's Glutamine & L-Carnitine Pineapple by 1 Up Nutrition: Common Questions

Does BCAA's Glutamine & L-Carnitine Pineapple by 1 Up Nutrition interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, BCAA's Glutamine & L-Carnitine Pineapple has a known interaction with 247 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
BCAA's Glutamine & L-Carnitine Pineapple contains 8 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take this if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
L-Glutamine is rated likely safe during pregnancy and lactation. However, L-Citrulline should be avoided during pregnancy, and safety while breastfeeding is unknown. L-Carnitine and Glycine don't have enough safety data. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist — they can give you personalized advice based on your situation.
What are the most common side effects?
The ingredients in this product are generally well tolerated, but bloating, belching, nausea, diarrhea, constipation, heartburn, and headache have been reported. At higher doses, L-Carnitine can cause a fish-like body odor. Side effects are typically mild and resolve when you stop taking the product.
Does L-Glutamine really help with muscle recovery?
The evidence we hold shows L-Glutamine is effective for sickle cell disease and possibly effective for muscle wasting from HIV/AIDS and after surgery. For general workout recovery in healthy athletes, the data we have doesn't establish how well it works — that's a question for your doctor or a sports nutritionist.
What is L-Carnitine supposed to do?
L-Carnitine helps your body produce energy by transporting fats into cells where they can be burned for fuel. It's effective for L-carnitine deficiency and possibly effective for high cholesterol, heart failure, and angina. In a workout context, it's intended to support energy and endurance.
Is this safe if I have kidney or liver disease?
People with kidney or liver disease should use L-Glutamine only under medical supervision — it's one of the main ingredients in this product. Talk with your doctor before starting any new supplement if you have liver or kidney problems.
What's the difference between these amino acids?
The three BCAAs — L-Leucine, L-Isoleucine, and L-Valine — are special amino acids your muscles use directly for recovery and energy. L-Glutamine and L-Citrulline support muscle function and blood flow differently. L-Carnitine helps your cells burn fat for fuel. Glycine supports muscle protein and connective tissue. Together they're meant to cover multiple aspects of workout support.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if BCAA's Glutamine & L-Carnitine Pineapple is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

BCAA's Glutamine & L-Carnitine Pineapple label
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

BCAA's Glutamine & L-Carnitine Pineapple's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 65 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Glutamine 11 references
  1. Miller AL. Therapeutic considerations of L-glutamine: a review of the literature. Altern Med Rev 1999;4:239-48..
  2. Bozzetti F, Biganzoli L, Gavazzi C, et al. Glutamine supplementation in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: a double-blind randomized study. Nutrition 1997;13:748-51.. PubMed
  3. Mebane AH. L-Glutamine and mania. Am J Psychiatry 984;141:1302-3.
  4. Meldrum BS. Glutamate as a neurotransmitter in the brain: review of physiology and pathology. J Nutr 2000;130:1007S-15S.. PubMed
  5. Garlick PJ. Assessment of the safety of glutamine and other amino acids. J Nutr 2001;131:2556S-61S.. PubMed
  6. Chapman AG. Glutamate and epilepsy. J Nutr 2000;130:1043S-5S.. PubMed
  7. Ziegler TR. Glutamine supplementation in cancer patients receiving bone marrow transplantation and high dose chemotherapy. J Nutr 2001;131:2578S-84S.. PubMed
  8. Laviano A, Molfino A, Lacaria MT, Canelli A, De Leo S, Preziosa I, Rossi Fanelli F. Glutamine supplementation favors weight loss in nondieting obese female patients. A pilot study. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2014 Nov;68(11):1264-6. PubMed
  9. Endari (l-glutamine) [package insert]. Torrance, CA: Emmaus Medical,Inc; 2017.
  10. Niihara Y, Miller ST, Kanter J, et al. A Phase 3 Trial of l-Glutamine in Sickle Cell Disease. N Engl J Med 2018;379(3):226-35. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1715971.
  11. Ogden HB, Child RB, Fallowfield JL, et al. Gastrointestinal Tolerance of Low, Medium and High Dose Acute Oral l-Glutamine Supplementation in Healthy Adults: A Pilot Study. Nutrients. 2020;12(10):2953. PubMed

See these in context on the Glutamine monograph →

Glycine 5 references
  1. Heresco-Levy U, Javitt DC, Ermilov M, et al. Efficacy of high-dose glycine in the treatment of enduring negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1999;56:29-36.. PubMed
  2. Potkin SG, Jin Y, Bunney BG, Costa J, Gulasekaram B. Effect of clozapine and adjunctive high-dose glycine in treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 1999;156:145-7.. PubMed
  3. Gusev EI, Skvortsova VI, Dambinova SA, et al. Neuroprotective effects of glycine for therapy of acute ischaemic stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis 2000;10:49-60. PubMed
  4. Inagawa K, Kawai N, Ono K, Sukegawa E, Tsubuku S, Takahashi M. Assessment of acute adverse effects of glycine ingestion at a high dose in human volunteers. Seikatsu Eisei. 2006; 50:27-32.
  5. Woods SW, Walsh BC, Hawkins KA, Miller TJ, Saksa JR, D'Souza DC, Pearlson GD, Javitt DC, McGlashan TH, Krystal JH. Glycine treatment of the risk syndrome for psychosis: report of two pilot studies. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2013 Aug;23(8):931-40. PubMed

See these in context on the Glycine monograph →

L-citrulline 8 references
  1. Cheng JW, Balwin SN. L-arginine in the management of cardiovascular diseases. Ann Pharmacother 2001;35:755-64. PubMed
  2. Schwedhelm E, Maas R, Freese R, et al. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of oral L-citrulline and L-arginine: impact on nitric oxide metabolism. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2008;65:51-9. PubMed
  3. Romero MJ, Platt DH, Caldwell RB, Caldwell RW. Therapeutic use of citrulline in cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Drug Rev 2006;24:275-90. PubMed
  4. Balderas-Munoz K, Castillo-Martínez L, Orea-Tejeda A, et al. Improvement of ventricular function in systolic heart failure patients with oral L-citrulline supplementation. Cardiol J 2012;19:612-7. PubMed
  5. Sharif Kashani B, Tahmaseb Pour P, Malekmohammad M, et al. Oral l-citrulline malate in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension and Eisenmenger Syndrome: a clinical trial. J Cardiol 2014;64:231-5. PubMed
  6. Pérez-Guisado J, Jakeman PM. Citrulline malate enhances athletic anaerobic performance and relieves muscle soreness. J Strength Cond Res 2010;24:1215-22. PubMed
  7. Mirenayat MS, Moradi S, Mohammadi H, Rouhani MH. Effect of L-citrulline supplementation on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2018;20(11):98. PubMed
  8. Xu Z, Liu C, Liu S, Zhou Z. Comparison of efficacy and safety of daily oral L-arginine and PDE5Is alone or combination in treating erectile dysfunction: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Andrologia. 2021:e14007. PubMed

See these in context on the L-citrulline monograph →

L-carnitine 41 references
  1. Ellaway CM, Williams K, Leonard H, et al. Rett syndrome: randomized controlled trial of L-carnitine. J Child Neurol 1999;14:162-7. PubMed
  2. Anon. Carnitor (levocarnitine) package insert. Sigma-Tau Pharmaceuticals Inc, Gaithersburg, MD. December 1999.
  3. Cherchi A, Lai C, Angelino F, et al. Effects of L-carnitine on exercise tolerance in chronic stable angina: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 1985;23:569-72.
  4. Plioplys AV, Plioplys S. Amantadine and L-carnitine treatment of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Neuropsychobiology 1997;35:16-23. PubMed
  5. Benvenga S, Ruggeri RM, Russo A, et al. Usefulness of L-carnitine, a naturally occurring peripheral antagonist of thyroid hormone action, in iatrogenic hyperthyroidism: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Clin Endocrinol Meta
  6. Martinez E, Domingo P, Roca-Cusachs A. Potentiation of acenocoumarol action by L-carnitine. J Intern Med 1993;233:94.
  7. Bachmann HU, Hoffmann A. Interaction of food supplement L-carnitine with oral anticoagulant acenocoumarol. Swiss Med Wkly 2004;134:385. PubMed
  8. Evans AM, Fornasini G. Pharmacokinetics of L-carnitine. Clin Pharmacokinet 2003;42:941-67. PubMed
  9. 12761 Benvenga S, Amato A, Calvani M, Trimarchi F. Effects of carnitine on thyroid hormone action. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2004;1033:158-67. PubMed
  10. Ciacci C, Peluso G, Iannoni E, et al. L-Carnitine in the treatment of fatigue in adult celiac disease patients: a pilot study. Dig Liver Dis 2007;39:922-8. PubMed
  11. Cruciani RA, Dvorkin E, Homel P, et al. Safety, tolerability and symptom outcomes associated with L-carnitine supplementation in patients with cancer, fatigue, and carnitine deficiency: a phase I/II study. J Pain Symptom Manage 2006;32:551-9. PubMed
  12. Lebrun C, Alchaar H, Candito M, et al. Levocarnitine administration in multiple sclerosis patients with immunosuppressive therapy-induced fatigue. Mult Scler 2006;12:321-4. PubMed
  13. Malaguarnera M, Cammalleri L, Gargante MP, et al. L-Carnitine treatment reduces severity of physical and mental fatigue and increases cognitive functions in centenarians: a randomized and controlled clinical trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2007;86:1738-44. PubMed
  14. Mantovani G, Maccio A, Madeddu C, et al. Randomized phase III clinical trial of five different arms of treatment in 322 patients with cancer cachexia. Oncologist 2010;15:200-11.
  15. Angelova-Fischer I, Rippke F, Fischer TW, Neufang G, Zillikens D. A double-blind, randomized, vehicle-controlled efficacy assessment study of a skin care formulation for improvement of mild to moderately severe acne. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2013 Jul PubMed
  16. Hatamkhani S, Khalili H, Karimzadeh I, Dashti-Khavidaki S, Abdollahi A, Jafari S. Carnitine for prevention of antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity: a randomized, clinical trial. J Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2014 May;29(5):997-1004. PubMed
  17. Boehm G, Stahl B. Oligosaccharides from milk. J Nutr 2007;137(3 Suppl 2):847S-849S.
  18. Van Oudheusden, L. J. and Scholte, H. R. Efficacy of carnitine in the treatment of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Prostaglandins Leukot.Essent.Fatty Acids 2002;67(1):33-38. PubMed
  19. Derosa, G., Cicero, A. F., Gaddi, A., Mugellini, A., Ciccarelli, L., and Fogari, R. The effect of L-carnitine on plasma lipoprotein(a) levels in hypercholesterolemic patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clin Ther 2003;25(5):1429-1439. PubMed
  20. Foitzik, K., Hoting, E., Heinrich, U., Tronnier, H., and Paus, R. Indications that topical L-carnitin-L-tartrate promotes human hair growth in vivo. J Dermatol.Sci 2007;48(2):141-144. PubMed
  21. Kumar, A., Singh, R. B., Saxena, M., Niaz, M. A., Josh, S. R., Chattopadhyay, P., Mechirova, V., Pella, D., and Fedacko, J. Effect of carni Q-gel (ubiquinol and carnitine) on cytokines in patients with heart failure in the Tishcon study. Acta Cardiol. 20
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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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