Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Bone Collagenizer Ultra Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by BioSil

Bone Collagenizer Ultra label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Major
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Bone Collagenizer Ultra against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

Bone Collagenizer Ultra is a dietary supplement by BioSil with 5 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for treating or preventing b12 deficiency, pernicious anemia, low energy and fatigue.Based on those ingredients, 104 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Inositol, Vitamin B12, Choline. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Bone Collagenizer Ultra by BioSil

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Bone Collagenizer Ultra by BioSil — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Bone Collagenizer Ultra by BioSil

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 12, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 5 of its 5 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

Bone Collagenizer Ultra contains five active ingredients: Vitamin B12, Inositol, Choline, Silicon, and Vitamin K2. These are paired with inactive ingredients — microcrystalline cellulose (a binding agent), purified water, and the capsule shell itself.

Each ingredient plays a role in bone and connective-tissue support. B12 is essential for cell function, inositol supports metabolic health, choline is needed for cell structure and neurotransmitter function, silicon contributes to bone mineralization and collagen cross-linking, and Vitamin K2 is critical for bone-dependent proteins and blood clotting.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Bone health and collagen structure support.
  • We looked for evidence on: Fall prevention, Bone density, Osteoporosis, Joint health.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Vitamin K is rated "Possibly Effective" for Osteoporosis (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Silicon is rated "Possibly Effective" for Osteoporosis.
  • Also on file: Vitamin B12 is rated "Possibly Ineffective" for Osteoporosis, Fall prevention.

The evidence for effectiveness varies by ingredient and condition. Vitamin B12 is effective for B12 deficiency and Imerslund-Grasbeck disease, and likely effective for cyanide poisoning; it's possibly effective for canker sores and nerve pain after shingles.

Inositol is possibly effective for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), metabolic syndrome, and preterm labor. Silicon is possibly effective for osteoporosis.

Vitamin K2 is effective for blood clotting disorders and possibly effective for osteoporosis. Choline, however, has insufficient evidence to rate for most conditions listed — the facts we hold don't establish whether it works for cognitive decline, bronchitis, Alzheimer disease, or hay fever.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Vitamin B12 Inositol Choline Silicon Vitamin K

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 5 of the 5 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 5 of 5.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 5 of 5.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Most of these ingredients are generally well tolerated at typical doses. Vitamin B12 is very safe with no upper limit — excess is cleared in urine.

Choline is safe in food amounts but can cause fishy body odor, diarrhea, nausea, and sweating at high doses above 9 grams daily. Inositol commonly causes mild digestive side effects like diarrhea, gas, and nausea.

Silicon from food and regular supplements is well tolerated, though long-term high-dose safety isn't well studied. Vitamin K2 may cause mild nausea, stomach upset, or diarrhea.

For pregnancy and breastfeeding, B12 and Vitamin K2 are likely safe; Choline is likely safe for both. Inositol is possibly safe in pregnancy but requires medical supervision — safety isn't fully established.

Silicon should be avoided in pregnancy and breastfeeding due to insufficient safety data.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Vitamin B12 Inositol Choline Silicon Vitamin K

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 4 of the 5 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Inositol, Choline, Vitamin B12, Vitamin K.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; diabetes medications.
  • For scale: 104 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking Bone Collagenizer Ultra, check if you're on warfarin (Coumadin) — Vitamin K2 directly reduces its blood-thinning effect (Major interaction). If you take any antidiabetes medication, confirm it won't interact with Inositol, which lowers blood sugar (Moderate).

If you use metformin for diabetes, know that it may already lower your B12 levels; this supplement addresses that but also watch for signs of low B12. Finally, if you take atropine (for eye conditions or other uses), Choline may decrease its effects (Minor interaction).

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product is worth considering if you're interested in bone and collagen support and don't take warfarin or antidiabetes medications. If you take any blood thinners, diabetes drugs, or atropine (used for certain eye conditions or other purposes), check your exact medications before starting.

Talk with your pharmacist or doctor about whether this product fits your routine.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 5 of 5 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Aug 22, 2017.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Bone Collagenizer Ultra, straight from the product label.

Brand BioSil
Barcode (UPC) 5425010391507
Net contents 60 Vegetarian Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Aug 22, 2017
DSLD ID 76991
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses Nutrient, All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Vegan, Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free, Sugar Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Bone Collagenizer Ultra by BioSil, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
2 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
2 Capsule(s)
Servings per container
30
UPC/BARCODE
5425010391507
IngredientAmount% DV
Vitamin B1250 mcg2083%
Inositol300 mg--
Choline120 mg22%
Silicon6 mg--
Vitamin K225 mcg21%

Other ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, purified Water, Capsule Shell

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Directions: Take 2 capsules, once daily, with or without food. For optimum results, take with your daily calcium supplement or a calcium rich food source.

Precautions

Consult your health professional before use if you are pregnant, breastfeeding or trying to conceive, or if you are taking medication (especially anticoagulant drugs such as warfarin/coumadin), have a medical condition or anticipate a surgery.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Sealed for your protection. Do not use if seal is broken.

Formulation

Does Not Contain: Gluten, wheat, soy, yeast, dairy, sugar, starch, egg, fish, shellfish, peanuts or tree nuts, animal products, GMOs or artificial colors, preservatives or sweeteners.

V Vegan Vegetarian

Suitable for vegetarians/vegans.

Seals/Symbols

V Vegan Vegetarian

isura Non-GMO - Mass spec Documentation - Lab tested

Brand IP Statement(s)

ch-OSA, the ch-OSA logo, the Vegetarian logo, Collangenizer and BioSil are all registered trademarks of Bio Minerals NV. The clinical facts box is a trademark of Bio Minerals NV. ch-OSA is protected by US patents 5,922,360, 7,968,528 and 8,771,757

U.S. Patents #5922360, #7968528 and #8771757

2016 Bio Minerals NV

Clinical facts Choline-stabilized orthosilicic acid (ch-OSA) Clinically proven dosage Ch-OSA Clinically proven for bone 2 capsules 1 x daily Increases bone collagen formation Increases BMD (at the hip) above calcium and vitamin D alone Use in conjunction with 1000 mg of calcium and 20 mcg (800 IU) of vitamin D ch-OSA has been tested in rigorous double-blind placebo controlled clinical trial for both efficacy and safety. The results are published in peer reviewed medical journals (see insert for details).

Results of double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials, with women who added Bone Collagenizer to their daily supplements of 1000 mg of calcium and 800 IU of vitamin D.

General Statements

Measured at the hip

Clinically proven

Increases bone collagen formation Increases calcium binding sites Promotes bone pliability Increases bone mineral density (BMD) Boosts the effectiveness of dietary and supplement calcium Helps maintain positive osteoblast balance Advanced calcium delivery system

Made in Belgium

Collagen's crucial role in your body total bone health The national institutes of health reports that it takes both calcium and collagen to build strong healthy bones. Collagen makes up 30% or your bone. Collagen serves as the binding sites for calcium and gives bone the pliability it needs to withstand physical stress. Age-related diminution of collagen leads to brittle bones and low BMD.

Insufficient bone collagen Insufficient calcium "binding sites," low BMD brittle bone and "holes" in bone (osteoporosis) Optimal bone collagen Optimal calcium "binding sites," optimum BMD, strong, pliable with ability to bend-not-break

Product facts

Clinical trial results

Increase in bone collagen formulation % change in serum P1NP Level (ug/l) 33 35 37 39 41 43 Calcium & vitamin D ch-OSA calcium & vitamin D 36.49 42.04 15.0% increase in P1NP first 12 months

Increase in BMD at hip Change in bone mineral density -1.00 -.50 0 .50 1.00 Calcium & vitamin D -1.22 ch-OSA calcium & vitamin D +.78 2.0% improvement in BMD at hip first 12 months

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Formula

ch-OSA + Inositol + MK7 + B12

ch-OSA Original formula

The ch-OSA in Collagenizer Ultra increases bone collagen formation and increases BMD. The choline and inositol help maintain "osteo-balance," ensuring proper renewal of bone. The MK7 makes sure calcium gets delivered to the bone site. Vitamin B12 together with choline protects against collagen breakdown.

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Storage

Store in a cool dry place.

General

R1

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Bone Collagenizer Ultra by BioSil label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Bone Collagenizer Ultra label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Bone Collagenizer Ultra by BioSil

These are the 5 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size2 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Vitamin B12

Interacts with
20 drugs
50 mcg per serving Form: Cyanocobalamin

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is an essential nutrient your body needs to make red blood cells, keep nerves healthy, and support DNA. Supplements are very h...

Vitamin B12 monograph & interactions

Inositol

Interacts with
86 drugs
300 mg per serving

Inositol is a sugar alcohol made naturally in the body and found in many foods, and it is sold as a supplement (often myo-inositol) mainly for PCOS, m...

Inositol monograph & interactions

Choline

Interacts with
16 drugs
120 mg per serving Form: ch-OSA

Choline is an essential nutrient your body needs for liver function, brain health, and nerve signaling, and many people get enough from foods like egg...

Choline monograph & interactions

Silicon

No known
interactions
6 mg per serving Form: Choline-stabilized Orthosilicic Acid

Silicon is a trace mineral found in the body and in foods like oats, barley, and certain fruits and vegetables, and it is popular in supplements for h...

Silicon monograph & interactions

Vitamin K2

Interacts with
2 drugs
25 mcg per serving Form: Menaquinone-7

Vitamin K is an essential nutrient your body needs for normal blood clotting and to support healthy bones. Most people get enough from food, but suppl...

Vitamin K2 monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, Purified Water, Capsule Shell. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Bone Collagenizer Ultra by BioSil Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Bone Collagenizer Ultra?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
104Drugs
2 Major 86 Moderate 16 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Inositol 86
Vitamin B12 20
Choline 16
Vitamin K2 2

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Bone Collagenizer Ultra interact with 104 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

4 of the 5 ingredients in Bone Collagenizer Ultra interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Inositol Vitamin B12 Choline Vitamin K2

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Bone Collagenizer Ultra with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Inositol1 drug type · 86 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, taking inositol with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Clinical research shows that inositol lowers blood glucose levels and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in patients with diabetes.

Likelihood Possible Evidence A
Inositol full monograph & interactions

Vitamin B121 drug type · 20 drugs

Metformin (Glucophage)

Metformin, a common medication used to manage type 2 diabetes, has been associated with lower vitamin B12 levels in some individuals. Prolonged use of metformin can interfere with the absorption of B12 in the digestive system, potentially leading to a deficiency in this essential vitamin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence A
Vitamin B12 full monograph & interactions

Choline1 drug type · 16 drugs

Atropine

Theoretically, choline might decrease the effects of atropine in the brain.
Animal research shows that administering choline one hour before administering atropine can attenuate atropine-induced decreases in brain levels of acetylcholine. Theoretically, concomitant use of choline and atropine may decrease the effects of atropine.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Choline full monograph & interactions

Vitamin K21 drug type · 2 drugs

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Vitamin K can antagonize and reverse the therapeutic effects of warfarin.
Vitamin K antagonizes the effects of warfarin. Excessive vitamin K intake, either from supplements or from changes in the diet, can reduce the anticoagulant effect of warfarin.

Likelihood Likely Evidence C
Vitamin K2 full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Bone Collagenizer Ultra, from the product label.

BioSil

See all BioSil products
Name
Bio Minerals NV
State
Destelbergen
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Bone Collagenizer Ultra by BioSil: Common Questions

Does Bone Collagenizer Ultra by BioSil interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Bone Collagenizer Ultra has a known interaction with 104 medications, including 2 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Bone Collagenizer Ultra contains 5 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take this if I'm on warfarin or another blood thinner?
Not without talking to your doctor first. Vitamin K2 in this product directly opposes warfarin's blood-thinning effect, so even small doses can reduce how well your medication works. Check with your pharmacist or prescriber before starting.
I take metformin for diabetes. Is it okay to use this product?
Possibly, but check first. Metformin can lower your B12 levels over time, and this product contains B12, which may help. However, the Inositol here may also lower blood sugar, so you need your doctor or pharmacist to confirm your diabetes medications won't clash with it.
Is Vitamin B12 really that safe?
Yes — B12 is generally very safe because your body gets rid of excess through urine. There's no established upper limit. The main concern here is only if you take metformin, which can interfere with how much B12 you absorb.
What's the silicon in this for?
Silicon is possibly effective for osteoporosis and plays a role in bone mineralization and collagen strength. However, the long-term safety of high-dose or long-term supplements isn't well studied, and silicon should be avoided during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Can I take this while pregnant or nursing?
It depends on the ingredient. B12, Choline, and Vitamin K2 are likely safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding at recommended amounts. Inositol is possibly safe in pregnancy but needs medical supervision — safety isn't fully established. Silicon should be avoided in both pregnancy and breastfeeding. Talk to your doctor about your specific situation.
What are the most common side effects?
Inositol most commonly causes mild digestive upset — diarrhea, gas, and nausea. Choline may cause fishy body odor at typical doses, and diarrhea or nausea at higher amounts. Vitamin K2 can cause nausea and stomach upset. B12 and Silicon are generally well tolerated.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Bone Collagenizer Ultra is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Bone Collagenizer Ultra label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Bone Collagenizer Ultra’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Vitamin B12

Interacts with 20 drugs

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is an essential nutrient your body needs to make red blood cells, keep nerves healthy, and support DNA. Supplements are very helpful for people who are deficient — su...

Read the full Vitamin B12 monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Inositol

Interacts with 86 drugs

Inositol is a sugar alcohol made naturally in the body and found in many foods, and it is sold as a supplement (often myo-inositol) mainly for PCOS, mood, and metabolic concerns. The stronge...

Read the full Inositol monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Choline

Interacts with 16 drugs

Choline is an essential nutrient your body needs for liver function, brain health, and nerve signaling, and many people get enough from foods like eggs, meat, and fish. Supplements may help...

Read the full Choline monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Silicon

Silicon is a trace mineral found in the body and in foods like oats, barley, and certain fruits and vegetables, and it is popular in supplements for hair, skin, nail, and bone health. Some s...

Read the full Silicon monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Vitamin K

Interacts with 2 drugs

Vitamin K is an essential nutrient your body needs for normal blood clotting and to support healthy bones. Most people get enough from food, but supplements are sometimes used for deficiency...

Read the full Vitamin K monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Bone Collagenizer Ultra's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 88 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Vitamin B12 30 references
  1. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline (2000). Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2000. Available at: http://b
  2. Hartman TJ, Woodson K, Stolzenberg-Solomon R, et al. Association of the B-vitamins pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (B6), B12, and folate with lung cancer risk in older men. Am J Epidemiol 2001;153:688-94.. DOI
  3. Jansen T, Romiti R, Kreuter A, Altmeyer P. Rosacea fulminans triggered by high-dose vitamins B6 and B12. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2001;15:484-5..
  4. Lange H, Suryapranata H, De Luca G, et al. Folate therapy and in-stent restenosis after coronary stenting. N Engl J Med 2004;350:2673-81. PubMed
  5. Collin, S. M., Metcalfe, C., Refsum, H., Lewis, S. J., Zuccolo, L., Smith, G. D., Chen, L., Harris, R., Davis, M., Marsden, G., Johnston, C., Lane, J. A., Ebbing, M., Bonaa, K. H., Nygard, O., Ueland, P. M., Grau, M. V., Baron, J. A., Donovan, J. L., Nea
  6. Geissbuhler, P., Mermillod, B., and Rapin, C. H. Elevated serum vitamin B12 levels associated with CRP as a predictive factor of mortality in palliative care cancer patients: a prospective study over five years. J.Pain Symptom.Manage. 2000;20(2):93-103. PubMed
  7. Salles, N., Herrmann, F., Sakbani, K., Rapin, C. H., and Sieber, C. High vitamin B12 level: a strong predictor of mortality in elderly inpatients. J Am Geriatr.Soc 2005;53(5):917-918.
  8. Looker, H. C., Fagot-Campagna, A., Gunter, E. W., Pfeiffer, C. M., Sievers, M. L., Bennett, P. H., Nelson, R. G., Hanson, R. L., and Knowler, W. C. Homocysteine and vitamin B(12) concentrations and mortality rates in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab Res R
  9. Uhl, W., Nolting, A., Golor, G., Rost, K. L., and Kovar, A. Safety of hydroxocobalamin in healthy volunteers in a randomized, placebo-controlled study. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2006;44 Suppl 1:17-28. PubMed
  10. Borron, S. W., Baud, F. J., Barriot, P., Imbert, M., and Bismuth, C. Prospective study of hydroxocobalamin for acute cyanide poisoning in smoke inhalation. Ann Emerg.Med 2007;49(6):794-801, 801. PubMed
  11. Borron, S. W., Baud, F. J., Megarbane, B., and Bismuth, C. Hydroxocobalamin for severe acute cyanide poisoning by ingestion or inhalation. Am J Emerg.Med 2007;25(5):551-558. PubMed
  12. Lewis, J. G. Gout, Steatorrhoea, and Megaloblastic Anaemia. Ann Rheum.Dis 1962;21(3):284-286. PubMed
  13. Tal, S., Shavit, Y., Stern, F., and Malnick, S. Association between vitamin B12 levels and mortality in hospitalized older adults. J Am Geriatr.Soc 2010;58(3):523-526. PubMed
  14. Baztan, J. J., Gavidia, J. J., Gomez-Pavon, J., Esteve, A., and Ruiperez, I. High vitamin B12 levels and in-hospital mortality. J Am Geriatr.Soc 2010;58(11):2237-2238. PubMed
  15. Omboni, E., Checchini, M., and Longoni, F. [Hypopotassemia and megaloblastic anemia. Presentation of a case]. Minerva Med 8-31-1987;78(16):1255-1257.
  16. Aalfs As, Scholvinck LH, Horvath B. Acneiform eruption in a 5-year old due to vitamin B12 supplementation. Eur J Dermatol 2013;23(5):726-7. PubMed
  17. Balta I, Ozuguz P. Vitamin B12-induced acneiform eruption. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2014;33(2):94-5. PubMed
  18. Carman KB, Belgemen T, Yis U. Involuntary movements misdiagnosed as seizure during vitamin B12 treatment. Pediatr Emerg Care 2013;29(11):1223-4. PubMed
  19. Djuric V, Bogic M, Popadic AP, et al. Anaphylactic reaction to hydroxycobalamin with tolerance to cyanocobalamin. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2012;108(3):207-8. PubMed
  20. Kartel O, Gulec M, Demirel F, et al. Vitamin B12 allergy and successful desensitization with cyanocobalamin: A case report. Allergol Immunopath (Madr) 2012;40(5):324-5.
  21. Patiroglu T, Unal E, Yildirim S. Infantile tremor syndrome associated with cobalamin therapy: A case report. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2013;115(9):1903-5. PubMed
  22. Schulte S, Barkema LW, Kardaun SH. Long-lasting atypical acneiform eruption with prominent comedones induced by hydroxocobalamin (vitamin B12). J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2014;12(6):502-3.
  23. Zanus C, Alberini E, Costa P, et al. Involuntary movements after correction of vitamin B12 deficiency: A video-case report. Epileptic Disord 2012;14(2):174-80. PubMed
  24. Fanidi A, Carreras-Torres R, Larose TL, et al. Is high vitamin B12 status a cause of lung cancer? Int J Cancer. 2019 Sep 15;145(6):1499-1503. PubMed
  25. Fujita Y, Mizukami T, Maya Y, et al. Vitamin B12 allergy manifesting as lymphomatoid contact dermatitis. Eur J Dermatol. 2020;30(3):304-305. PubMed
  26. Dépret F, Hoffmann C, Daoud L, et al. Association between hydroxocobalamin administration and acute kidney injury after smoke inhalation: a multicenter retrospective study. Crit Care. 2019;23(1):421. PubMed
  27. Khairan P, Sobue T, Eshak ES, et al. Association of dietary intakes of vitamin B12, vitamin B6, folate, and methionine with the risk of esophageal cancer: the Japan Public Health Center-based (JPHC) prospective study. BMC Cancer 2021;21(1):982. PubMed
  28. Evans J, Pandya A, Ding Y, Qunibi WY. Hydroxocobalamin-Induced Oxalate Nephropathy in a Patient With Smoke Inhalation. Kidney Int Rep 2021;6(8):2228-2231. PubMed
  29. Lacombe V, Chabrun F, Lacout C, et al. Persistent elevation of plasma vitamin B12 is strongly associated with solid cancer. Sci Rep 2021;11(1):13361. PubMed
  30. Pegalajar-García MD, Cebolla-Verdugo M, Prados-Carmona Á, Llamas-Segura C, Navarro-Triviño FJ. Systemic allergic dermatitis to cobalt present in cyanocobalamin supplementation. Contact Dermatitis 2023;89(3):203-205. PubMed

See these in context on the Vitamin B12 monograph →

Inositol 14 references
  1. Palatnik A, Frolov K, Fux M, Benjamin J. Double-blind, controlled, crossover trial of inositol versus fluvoxamine for the treatment of panic disorder. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2001;21:335-9.. PubMed
  2. Allan SJ, Kavanagh GM, Herd RM, Savin JA. The effect of inositol supplements on the psoriasis of patients taking lithium: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Br J Dermatol 2004;150:966-9. PubMed
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  4. Kamenov Z, Kolarov G, Gateva A, Carlomagno G, Genazzani AD. Ovulation induction with myo-inositol alone and in combination with clomiphene citrate in polycystic ovarian syndrome patients with insulin resistance. Gynecol Endocrinol 2015;31(2):131-5. PubMed
  5. Matarrelli B, Vitacolonna E, D'Angelo M, et al. Effect of dietary myo-inositol supplementation in pregnancy on the incidence of maternal gestational diabetes mellitus and fetal outcomes: a randomized controlled trial. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2013;26(1 PubMed
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  7. Farren M, Daly N, McKeating A, Kinsley B, Turner MJ, Daly S. The Prevention of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus With Antenatal Oral Inositol Supplementation: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Diabetes Care. 2017;40(6):759-63. PubMed
  8. Zheng X, Liu Z, Zhang Y, et al. Relationship Between Myo-Inositol Supplementary and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015;94(42):e1604. PubMed
  9. Crawford TJ, Crowther CA, Alsweiler J, Brown J. Antenatal dietary supplementation with myo-inositol in women during pregnancy for preventing gestational diabetes. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;(12):CD011507. PubMed
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See these in context on the Inositol monograph →

Choline 14 references
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  6. Growdon, J. H. and Gelenberg, A. J. Choline and lecithin administration to patients with tardive dyskinesia. Trans.Am.Neurol.Assoc. 1978;103:95-99.
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See these in context on the Choline monograph →

Silicon 19 references
  1. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002.
  2. Jugdaohsingh R, Anderson SH, Tucker KL, et al. Dietary silicon intake and absorption. Am J Clin Nutr 2002;75:887-93. PubMed
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  5. Lee MH, Lee YH, Hsu TH, et al. Silica stone--development due to long time oral trisilicate intake. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1993;27:267-9. PubMed
  6. Cruz Guerra, N. A., Gomez Garcia, M. A., Lovaco, Castellano F., Saez Garrido, J. C., Garcia, Cuerpo E., and Escudero, Barrilero A. [Silica urolithiasis: report of a new case]. Actas Urol.Esp 2000;24(2):202-204.
  7. Merget, R., Bauer, T., Kupper, H. U., Philippou, S., Bauer, H. D., Breitstadt, R., and Bruening, T. Health hazards due to the inhalation of amorphous silica. Arch Toxicol. 2002;75(11-12):625-634. PubMed
  8. Khuder, S. A., Peshimam, A. Z., and Agraharam, S. Environmental risk factors for rheumatoid arthritis. Rev Environ Health 2002;17(4):307-315. PubMed
  9. McLaughlin, J. K., Chow, W. H., and Levy, L. S. Amorphous silica: a review of health effects from inhalation exposure with particular reference to cancer. J Toxicol.Environ Health 4-25-1997;50(6):553-566. DOI
  10. Pelucchi, C., Pira, E., Piolatto, G., Coggiola, M., Carta, P., and La, Vecchia C. Occupational silica exposure and lung cancer risk: a review of epidemiological studies 1996-2005. Ann.Oncol. 2006;17(7):1039-1050. PubMed
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  12. Hu, J. F., Qu, H., and Wang, J. Z. [Meta analysis for relationship between exposure of free silicon dioxide and lung tumor]. Zhonghua Lao.Dong.Wei Sheng Zhi.Ye.Bing.Za Zhi. 2006;24(7):415-417.
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  19. Boqué N, Valls RM, Pedret A, Puiggrós F, Arola L, Solà R. Relative absorption of silicon from different formulations of dietary supplements: a pilot randomized, double-blind, crossover post-prandial study. Sci Rep 2021;11(1):16479. PubMed

See these in context on the Silicon monograph →

Vitamin K 11 references
  1. McEvoy GK, ed. AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1998.
  2. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002.
  3. Crowther MA, Ageno W, Garcia D, et al. Oral vitamin K versus placebo to correct excessive anticoagulation in patients receiving warfarin: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150(5):293-300. PubMed
  4. Dietary vitamin K guidance: an effective strategy for stable control of oral anticoagulation? Nutr Rev. 2010;68(3):178-81. PubMed
  5. Kim JS, Nafziger AN, Gaedigk A, et al. Effects of oral vitamin K on S- and R-warfarin pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics: enhanced safety of warfarin as a CYP2C9 probe. J Clin Pharmacol. 2001 Jul;41(7):715-22. PubMed
  6. Riegert-Johnson, D. L. and Volcheck, G. W. The incidence of anaphylaxis following intravenous phytonadione (vitamin K1): a 5-year retrospective review. Ann.Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2002;89(4):400-406. PubMed
  7. Dezee, K. J., Shimeall, W. T., Douglas, K. M., Shumway, N. M., and O'malley, P. G. Treatment of excessive anticoagulation with phytonadione (vitamin K): a meta-analysis. Arch.Intern.Med. 2-27-2006;166(4):391-397. DOI
  8. Dentali, F., Ageno, W., and Crowther, M. Treatment of coumarin-associated coagulopathy: a systematic review and proposed treatment algorithms. J.Thromb.Haemost. 2006;4(9):1853-1863. PubMed
  9. Caluwé R, Vandecasteele S, Van Vlem B, Vermeer C, De Vriese AS. Vitamin K2 supplementation in haemodialysis patients: a randomized dose-finding study. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2014;29(7):1385-90.
  10. Huang ZB, Wan SL, Lu YJ, Ning L, Liu C, Fan SW. Does vitamin K2 play a role in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis for postmenopausal women: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Osteoporos Int. 2015;26(3):1175-86. PubMed
  11. Hunnali CR, Devi U, Kitchanan S, Sethuraman G. Three Different Regimens for Vitamin K Birth Prophylaxis in Infants Born Preterm: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Pediatr 2023;255:98-104. PubMed

See these in context on the Vitamin K monograph →

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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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