Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Build-HD Fruit Punch Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by BPI Sports

Build-HD Fruit Punch label
See full label image
Powder Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Build-HD Fruit Punch against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Build-HD Fruit Punch is a dietary supplement by BPI Sports with 6 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for improving high-intensity exercise performance, building muscle strength and size, sports and athletic training.Based on those ingredients, 409 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Acetyl-L-Carnitine, Coenzyme Q10, Alpha-GPC. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Build-HD Fruit Punch by BPI Sports

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Build-HD Fruit Punch by BPI Sports — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Build-HD Fruit Punch by BPI Sports

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 12, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 1 of its 6 active ingredients.
  • “BUILD-HD(TM) MATRIX” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (1.50 Gram(s)) without saying how much of each component you get.

Build-HD Fruit Punch contains 6 active ingredients designed to support muscle and cognitive function. L-aspartic acid, creatine, phosphatidylcholine, acetyl-L-carnitine, coenzyme Q10, and alpha-GPC work together as the BUILD-HD MATRIX.

Creatine is included to support muscle strength and athletic performance; acetyl-L-carnitine and alpha-GPC are cognitive-support compounds; and coenzyme Q10 provides antioxidant activity. The powder also contains inactive ingredients—silica, natural and artificial flavors, citric acid, sucralose, acesulfame-K, and FD&C Red No.

40—that serve as fillers, sweeteners, and colorants.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: promote stronger bigger better looking physique.
  • We looked for evidence on: Athletic performance, Age-related testosterone deficiency, muscle strength, muscle size, body composition.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Creatine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Athletic performance (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Creatine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Muscle strength.
  • Also on file: Coenzyme Q10 is rated "Likely Ineffective" for Athletic performance.

The evidence for these ingredients is mixed. Creatine is possibly effective for muscle strength and athletic performance.

Acetyl-L-carnitine and alpha-GPC are possibly effective for Alzheimer disease and age-related cognitive decline. Coenzyme Q10 is possibly effective for fibromyalgia, migraine, heart failure, and diabetic nerve pain, and likely effective for coenzyme Q10 deficiency.

L-aspartic acid, phosphatidylcholine, and alpha-GPC's benefits for cognitive function and athletic goals have insufficient evidence to rate. If you're taking this for muscle building, the creatine evidence is stronger; for brain support, the evidence for the cognitive ingredients is modest.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Creatine Aspartic Acid Phosphatidylcholine Acetyl-l-carnitine Coenzyme Q10 Alpha-gpc

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 5 of the 6 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 6 of 6.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 6 of 6.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Creatine is generally well tolerated in healthy adults but people with kidney problems should be cautious—it can occasionally cause dehydration, diarrhea, muscle cramps, and water retention, and rare cases have raised concerns about kidney injury. Acetyl-L-carnitine is generally well tolerated short-term but long-term safety isn't fully established; common side effects include agitation, dry mouth, headache, insomnia, and loss of appetite.

Coenzyme Q10 is generally well tolerated with minimal side effects (mainly mild gastrointestinal upset in less than 1% of users). Phosphatidylcholine is generally well tolerated but high doses may cause bloating, diarrhea, nausea, or taste changes.

Alpha-GPC is generally well tolerated, though rarely dizziness, headache, and insomnia have been reported, and long-term use (2+ months) has been associated with an elevated stroke risk in one study.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Creatine Aspartic Acid Phosphatidylcholine Acetyl-l-carnitine Coenzyme Q10 Alpha-gpc

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 3 of the 6 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Acetyl-l-carnitine, Coenzyme Q10, Alpha-gpc.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs.
  • For scale: 409 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking Build-HD, check if you use serotonergic drugs (antidepressants, some migraine or pain medications) because of the acetyl-L-carnitine risk—Moderate severity. Also verify any blood thinners (warfarin, acenocoumarol) or chemotherapy drugs you take, as coenzyme Q10 may reduce their effectiveness.

Check thyroid hormone replacement and antihypertensive (blood pressure) medications as well. If you take scopolamine motion-sickness patches, alpha-GPC might interfere with them.

No interactions are documented for the L-aspartic acid, creatine, or phosphatidylcholine in this product.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

Build-HD is aimed at athletes and people interested in muscle and brain support, particularly those looking to boost creatine and cognitive compounds together. If you take blood thinners, antidepressants, thyroid medication, chemotherapy, or motion-sickness patches, you need to check your specific medications against the interaction tool before starting.

Anyone with kidney disease should talk to their doctor first. Check with your pharmacist if you're on any regular medications.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 6 of 6 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Mar 25, 2015.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Build-HD Fruit Punch, straight from the product label.

Brand BPI Sports
Barcode (UPC) 851780004029
Net contents 5.8 oz.; 165 Gram(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Mar 25, 2015
DSLD ID 43259
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Powder
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Sugar Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Build-HD Fruit Punch by BPI Sports, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Scoop(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
1 Scoop(s)
Servings per container
30
UPC/BARCODE
851780004029
IngredientAmount% DV
L-Aspartic Acid0 NP--
Creatine3 Gram(s)--
Phosphatidylcholine0 NP--
Acetyl-L-Carnitine0 NP--
Coenzyme Q100 NP--
BUILD-HD(TM) MATRIX1.5 Gram(s)--
Alpha-GPC0 NP--

Other ingredients: Silica, Natural and Artificial flavors, Citric Acid, Sucralose, Acesulfame-K, FD&C Red No. 40

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formula

This strong, concentrated formula utilizes NMDA-receptor activator, Aspartic Acid, in the L-isomer form (which is the only form directly incorporated as a proteinogenic building block of protein) … L-Carnitine (as the bio-active Acetyl form which is reported to cross the blood-barrier) and Ubiquinone (the energy carrier antioxidant form of CoQ10), as a direct means of promoting cellular activity, metabolism, and transport ... as well as both Glycerylphosphorylcholine and Phosphatidylcholine, for delivery of Choline to the brain (to support up-regulation of Acetylcholine, the neurotransmitter acting in both the PNS and CNS).*

BUILD-HD(TM) is the only BPI Sports anabolic formula of this nature.*

MUSCLE BUILDING PRO CREATINE*

Brand IP Statement(s)

BUILD-HD(TM) is a must have if you are looking to promote a stronger, bigger, and better looking physique.*

BUILD-HD(TM) is a Smart-based, Creatine enhanced powder formula aimed at increasing anabolic activity.*

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested Use: Take one (1) serving (1 scoop) blended into 8oz of ice cold water, either before, during, or after workout, or as directed by a qualified healthcare practitioner. On non-training days, take one (1) serving (1 scoop) first thing in the morning, on an empty stomach, or as directed by a qualified healthcare practitioner.

Precautions

Warnings: Not intended for use by persons under age 18.

Do not exceed recommended dose.

Get the consent of a licensed physician before using this product, especially if you are taking medication, have a medical condition, you are pregnant, nursing or thinking about becoming pregnant.

KEEP THIS PRODUCT AND ALL SUPPLEMENTS OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN.

Discontinue use two weeks prior to surgery.

DO NOT USE BUILD-HD(TM) without first consulting your physician.

General Statements

When combined with a proper exercise and nutrition regimen. Statements based on early-stage independent 3rd party in vivo and / or in vitro model scientific research data findings for individual ingredients.

MAY PROMOTE: LEAN MUSCLE* PERFORMANCE* STRENGTH*

Natural and Artificial Flavors

-LEAN MUSCLE* - PERFORMANCE* - STRENGTH*

FDA Disclaimer Statement

*THESE STATEMENTS HAVE NOT BEEN EVALUATED BY THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION. THIS PRODUCT IS NOT INTENDED TO DIAGNOSE, TREAT, CURE, OR PREVENT ANY DISEASE.

Formulation

ZERO SUGAR

NO FILLERS - NO MALTODEXTRIN - ZERO SUGAR

FDA Statement of Identity

DIETARY SUPPLEMENT

General

Rev. 01-007-BHD001 02/14

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Build-HD Fruit Punch by BPI Sports label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Build-HD Fruit Punch label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Build-HD Fruit Punch by BPI Sports

These are the 6 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Scoop(s) Dosage formPowder Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Creatine

No known
interactions
3 Gram(s) per serving Form: Creatine Monohydrate

Creatine is one of the most studied sports supplements, with solid evidence that it can boost strength and performance during short, high-intensity ac...

Creatine monograph & interactions

BUILD-HD(TM) MATRIX

1.5 Gram(s) per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Silica, Natural and Artificial flavors, Citric Acid, Sucralose, Acesulfame-K, FD&C Red No. 40. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Build-HD Fruit Punch by BPI Sports Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Build-HD Fruit Punch?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
409Drugs
227 Moderate 182 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Acetyl-L-Carnitine 203
Coenzyme Q10 198
Alpha-GPC 16

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Build-HD Fruit Punch interact with 409 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

3 of the 6 ingredients in Build-HD Fruit Punch interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Acetyl-L-Carnitine Coenzyme Q10 Alpha-GPC

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Build-HD Fruit Punch with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Acetyl-L-Carnitine4 drug types · 203 drugs

Acenocoumarol (Sintrom)

Theoretically, acetyl-L-carnitine might increase the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol.
L-carnitine, the parent compound of acetyl-L-carnitine, might enhance the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol, an oral anticoagulant that is similar to warfarin, but shorter-acting. There are at least two case reports of INR elevation when L-carnitine was taken with acenocoumarol. In one case, a 33-year-old male with a previously stable INR had an elevated INR of 4.65 after L-carnitine was started and continued for 10 weeks. INR normalized after discontinuation of the L-carnitine-containing product. It is unclear if such an interaction would also occur with acetyl-L-carnitine.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Serotonergic Drugs

Theoretically, acetyl-L-carnitine might increase the risk of serotonergic side effects, including serotonin syndrome and cerebral vasoconstrictive disorders, when taken with serotonergic drugs.
Animal research shows that acetyl-L-carnitine can increase levels of serotonin in the brain.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Thyroid Hormone

Theoretically, acetyl-L-carnitine might decrease the effectiveness of thyroid hormone replacement.
L-carnitine appears to act as a peripheral thyroid hormone antagonist by inhibiting entry of thyroid hormone into the nucleus of cells. Taking L-carnitine also seems to diminish some of the symptoms of hyperthyroidism. It is unclear if such an interaction would occur with acetyl-L-carnitine.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, acetyl-L-carnitine might increase the anticoagulant effects of warfarin.
L-carnitine, the parent compound of acetyl-L-carnitine, might increase the anticoagulant effects of acenocoumarol, a shorter-acting oral anticoagulant similar to warfarin. There is not enough information to know whether this interaction occurs with acetyl-L-carnitine and warfarin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Acetyl-L-Carnitine full monograph & interactions

Coenzyme Q103 drug types · 198 drugs

Alkylating Agents

Coenzyme Q10 has antioxidant effects. Theoretically, this may reduce the activity of chemotherapy drugs that generate free radicals.
Theoretically, antioxidants such as coenzyme Q10 might protect tumor cells from chemotherapeutic agents that work by inducing oxidative stress, such as alkylating agents (e.g., cyclophosphamide) and radiation therapy. The clinical importance of this interaction is unknown.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Coenzyme Q10 is chemically similar to menaquinone and might have vitamin K-like procoagulant effects, which could decrease the effects of warfarin.
Concomitant use of coenzyme Q10 and warfarin might reduce the anticoagulant effects of warfarin. Four cases of decreased warfarin efficacy thought to be due to coenzyme Q10 have been reported. However, there is some preliminary clinical research that suggests coenzyme Q10 might not significantly decrease the effects of warfarin in patients who have a stable INR.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, coenzyme Q10 might have additive effects with antihypertensive drugs.
Some clinical research shows that coenzyme Q10 can significantly lower blood pressure, although other studies have shown conflicting results.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Coenzyme Q10 full monograph & interactions

Alpha-GPC1 drug type · 16 drugs

Scopolamine (Transderm Scop)

Theoretically, alpha-GPC might decrease the effects of scopolamine.
A small clinical study shows that alpha-GPC can partially counteract the attention and memory impairment effects caused by scopolamine given intramuscularly. Whether alpha-GPC can decrease the beneficial anti-motion sickness effects of the scopolamine patch (Transderm Scop) is unclear.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Alpha-GPC full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Build-HD Fruit Punch, from the product label.

BPI Sports

See all BPI Sports products
Name
BPI Sports
City
Hollywood
State
FL
ZipCode
33312
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Build-HD Fruit Punch by BPI Sports: Common Questions

Does Build-HD Fruit Punch by BPI Sports interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Build-HD Fruit Punch has a known interaction with 409 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Build-HD Fruit Punch contains 6 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take this if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
The safety data here advises against acetyl-L-carnitine and alpha-GPC during pregnancy and breastfeeding—there isn't enough information to know they're safe at supplement doses. Creatine safety in pregnancy hasn't been established, so it's best avoided too. L-aspartic acid should also be avoided in pregnancy. Phosphatidylcholine and coenzyme Q10 have insufficient data for breastfeeding. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist before taking this product while pregnant or nursing.
What does creatine in this product do?
Creatine is possibly effective for building muscle strength, improving athletic performance, and supporting muscle in conditions like sarcopenia (age-related muscle loss). It works by increasing energy availability in muscle cells. It may also help certain rare brain disorders (cerebral creatine deficiency syndromes).
What are the cognitive ingredients supposed to help with?
Acetyl-L-carnitine and alpha-GPC are included for brain support. Both are possibly effective for Alzheimer disease and age-related cognitive decline. Acetyl-L-carnitine is also possibly effective for depression and diabetic nerve pain. However, the evidence is modest—it's not proven they'll work for healthy people or for general 'brain boost' claims.
What side effects might I notice?
Creatine commonly causes water retention, dehydration, diarrhea, and muscle cramps. Acetyl-L-carnitine may cause agitation, dry mouth, headache, insomnia, or reduced appetite, plus a fishy odor in urine or sweat. Coenzyme Q10 rarely causes mild stomach upset. Phosphatidylcholine can cause bloating, diarrhea, or nausea at higher doses. Alpha-GPC is usually well tolerated but can rarely cause dizziness or headache.
Is this safe if I have kidney disease?
Creatine should be used carefully if you have kidney problems—talk with your doctor first. Creatine is processed by the kidneys, and in rare cases has been linked to kidney injury. Anyone with existing kidney disease should get clearance before starting.
Does this product contain any fillers or additives?
Yes. The inactive ingredients are silica, natural and artificial flavors, citric acid, sucralose, acesulfame-K, and FD&C Red No. 40 (a food dye). These serve as binders, sweeteners, and color; they're standard for powder supplements.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Build-HD Fruit Punch is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Build-HD Fruit Punch label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Build-HD Fruit Punch’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Creatine

Creatine is one of the most studied sports supplements, with solid evidence that it can boost strength and performance during short, high-intensity activities like weightlifting and sprintin...

Read the full Creatine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Aspartic Acid

Aspartic acid is a common amino acid your body makes on its own and gets from protein-rich foods, so a true deficiency is rare. D-aspartic acid is heavily marketed for boosting testosterone...

Read the full Aspartic Acid monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Phosphatidylcholine

Phosphatidylcholine is a phospholipid that is part of every cell membrane and a source of choline. People take it for liver, brain, and gut health, but solid human evidence is limited for mo...

Read the full Phosphatidylcholine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Acetyl-l-carnitine

Interacts with 203 drugs

Acetyl-L-carnitine is a form of the amino acid carnitine that the body uses to help produce energy in cells. It is most studied for nerve pain and memory-related conditions, though the evide...

Read the full Acetyl-l-carnitine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Coenzyme Q10

Interacts with 198 drugs

CoQ10 is a vitamin-like substance your body makes naturally that helps cells produce energy and acts as an antioxidant. It is generally well tolerated and is most studied for heart condition...

Read the full Coenzyme Q10 monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Alpha-gpc

Interacts with 16 drugs

Alpha-GPC is a choline-containing compound used mainly for memory, brain health, and as a choline source. There is some evidence it may help cognition in people with dementia, but evidence i...

Read the full Alpha-gpc monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Build-HD Fruit Punch's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 168 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Aspartic Acid 1 reference
  1. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2005. Available at: https://doi.org/10.17226 DOI

See these in context on the Aspartic Acid monograph →

Creatine 86 references
  1. Koshy KM, Griswold E, Schneeberger EE. Interstitial nephritis in a patient taking creatine. N Engl J Med 1999;340:814-5. PubMed
  2. Vahedi K, Domingo V, Amarenco P, Bousser MG. Ischemic stroke in a sportsman who consumed MaHuang extract and creatine monohydrate for bodybuilding. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr 2000;68:112-3.
  3. Greenhaff P. Renal dysfunction accompanying oral creatine supplements. Lancet 1998;352:233-4. PubMed
  4. Vandenberghe K, Goris M, Van Hecke P, et al. Long-term creatine intake is beneficial to muscle performance during resistance training (abstract). J Appl Physiol 1997;83:2055-63. PubMed
  5. Hultman E, Soderlund K, Timmons JA, et al. Muscle creatine loading in men. J Appl Physiol 1996;81:232-7. PubMed
  6. Pritchard NR, Kalra PA. Renal dysfunction accompanying oral creatine supplements. Lancet 1998;351:1252-3. PubMed
  7. Poortmans JR, Auquier H, Renaut V, et al. Effect of short-term creatine supplementation on renal responses in men (abstract). Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1997;76:566-7. PubMed
  8. Poortmans JR, Francaux M. Long-term oral creatine supplementation does not impair renal function in healthy athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999;31:1108-10. PubMed
  9. Mihic S, MacDonald JR, McKenzie S, Tarnopolsky MA. Acute creatine loading increases fat-free mass, but does not affect blood pressure, plasma creatinine, or CK activity in men and women. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000;32:291-6. PubMed
  10. Rawson ES, Wehnert ML, Clarkson PM. Effects of 30 days of creatine ingestion in older men. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1999;80:139-44. PubMed
  11. Earnest CP, Almada AL, Mitchell TL. High-performance capillary electrophoresis-pure creatine monohydrate reduces blood lipids in men and women. Clin Sci (Colch) 1996;91:113-8. PubMed
  12. Juhn MS. Oral creatine supplementation. Separating fact from hype. Phys Sportsmed 1999;27:47-50,53-54,56,61,89. PubMed
  13. Juhn MS, O'Kane JW, Vinci DM. Oral creatine supplementation in male collegiate athletes: a survey of dosing habits and side effects. J Am Diet Assoc 1999;99:593-5.
  14. Green AL, Hultman E, Macdonald IA, et al. Carbohydrate ingestion augments skeletal muscle creatine accumulation during creatine supplementation in humans. Am J Physiol 1996;271:E821-6. PubMed
  15. Balsom PD, Soderlund K, Sjodin B, Ekblom B. Skeletal muscle metabolism during short duration high-intensity exercise: influence of creatine supplementation. Acta Physiol Scand 1995;154:303-10. PubMed
  16. Snow RJ, McKenna MJ, Selig SE, et al. Effect of creatine supplementation on sprint exercise performance and muscle metabolism. (abstract) J Appl Physiol 1998;84:1667-73. PubMed
  17. McNaughton LR, Dalton B, Tarr J. The effects of creatine supplementation on high-intensity exercise performance in elite performers. (abstract) Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1998;78:236-40. PubMed
  18. Groeneveld GJ, Veldink JH, van der Tweel I, et al. A randomized sequential trial of creatine in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2003;53:437-45. . PubMed
  19. Robinson SJ. Acute quadriceps compartment syndrome and rhabdomyolysis in a weight lifter using high-dose creatine supplementation. J Am Board Fam Pract 2000;13:134-7. PubMed
  20. Kammer RT. Lone atrial fibrillation associated with creatine monohydrate supplementation. Pharmacotherapy 2005;25:762-4. PubMed
  21. Gualano B, Ugrinowitsch C, Novaes RB, et al. Effects of creatine supplementation on renal function: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Eur J Appl Physiol 2008;103:33-40. PubMed
  22. Pfeffer, G., Majamaa, K., Turnbull, D. M., Thorburn, D., and Chinnery, P. F. Treatment for mitochondrial disorders. Cochrane Database.Syst.Rev. 2012;4:CD004426. PubMed
  23. Boos, C. J., White, S. H., Bland, S. A., and McAllister, P. D. Dietary supplements and military operations: caution is advised. J R.Army Med Corps 2010;156(1):41-43. PubMed
  24. Kreider, R. B. Dietary supplements and the promotion of muscle growth with resistance exercise. Sports Med 1999;27(2):97-110. PubMed
  25. Juhn, M. S., O'Kane, J. W., and Vinci, D. M. Oral creatine supplementation in male collegiate athletes: a survey of dosing habits and side effects. J Am.Diet.Assoc 1999;99(5):593-595.
  26. Volek, J. S., Duncan, N. D., Mazzetti, S. A., Putukian, M., Gomez, A. L., and Kraemer, W. J. No effect of heavy resistance training and creatine supplementation on blood lipids. Int J Sport Nutr.Exerc.Metab 2000;10(2):144-156. PubMed
  27. Robinson, T. M., Sewell, D. A., Casey, A., Steenge, G., and Greenhaff, P. L. Dietary creatine supplementation does not affect some haematological indices, or indices of muscle damage and hepatic and renal function. Br.J Sports Med 2000;34(4):284-288. PubMed
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  34. Parkinson Study Group QE3 Investigators, Beal MF, Oakes D, et al. A randomized clinical trial of high-dosage coenzyme Q10 in early Parkinson disease: no evidence of benefit. JAMA Neurol. 2014;71(5):543-52.
  35. Alehagen U, Johansson P, Bjornstedt M, et al. Cardiovascular mortality and N-terminal-proBNP reduced after combined selenium and coenzyme Q10 supplementation: A 5-year prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial among elderly Swedish citi
  36. Ho MJ, Li EC, Wright JM. Blood pressure lowering efficacy of coenzyme Q10 for primary hypertension. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Mar 3;3:CD007435. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007435.pub3. PubMed
  37. Tabrizi R, Akbari M, Sharifi N, Lankarani KB, Moosazadeh M, Kolahdooz F, et al. The effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on blood pressures among patients with metabolic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PubMed
  38. Tsai IC, Hsu CW, Chang CH, Tseng PT, Chang KV. Effectiveness of coenzyme Q10 supplementation for reducing fatigue: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Pharmacol 2022;13:883251. PubMed
  39. Yaghini O, Hoseini N, Ghazavi MR, et al. A comparative study on the efficacy of coenzyme Q10 and amitriptyline in the prophylactic treatment of migraine headaches in children: A randomized controlled trial. Adv Biomed Res 2022;11:43. PubMed
  40. Hansen KS, Mogensen TH, Agergaard J, et al. High-dose coenzyme Q10 therapy versus placebo in patients with post COVID-19 condition: A randomized, phase 2, crossover trial. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2022. PubMed

See these in context on the Coenzyme Q10 monograph →

Alpha-gpc 4 references
  1. Di Perri R, Coppola G, Ambrosio LA, et al. A multicentre trial to the evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine versus cytosine diphosphocholine in patients with vascular dementia. J Int Med Res 1991;19:330-41.
  2. Barbagallo Sangiorgi G, Barbagallo M, Giordano M, et al. Alpha-glycerophosphocholine in the mental recovery of cerebral ischemic attacks: An Italian multicenter clinical trial. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1994;717:253-69. PubMed
  3. Canal N, Franceschi M, Alberoni M, et al. Effect of L-alpha-glyceryl-phosphorylcholine on amnesia caused by scopolamine. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 1991;29:103-7.
  4. Lee G, Choi S, Chang J, et al. Association of L-a glycerylphosphorylcholine with subsequent stroke risk after 10 Years. JAMA Netw Open 2021;4(11):e2136008.

See these in context on the Alpha-gpc monograph →

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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