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Dietary supplement

Happy Drops Sweet Lemon Gummy Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Organifi

Gummy Or Jelly Category: Botanical
Most serious interaction: Moderate
The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Happy Drops Sweet Lemon Gummy is a dietary supplement by Organifi with 4 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for nausea and vomiting, motion sickness, morning sickness in pregnancy.Based on those ingredients, 1,361 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Ginger Root Extract, Passionflower Aerial Extract, Gotu Kola Whole Herb Extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Happy Drops Sweet Lemon Gummy by Organifi

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 4 of its 4 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

Happy Drops Sweet Lemon Gummy contains four active ingredients: ginger root extract, gotu kola whole herb extract, passionflower aerial extract, and saffron (Saffr'Activ). The gummy is sweetened and flavored with cane sugar, tapioca syrup, pectin, citric acid, and natural flavors, with carnauba wax as a coating.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: mood lifting supplement.
  • We looked for evidence on: Anxiety, Depression, Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), Insomnia, stress, emotional balance — and 1 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Passion Flower is rated "Possibly Effective" for Pre-procedural anxiety (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Passion Flower is rated "Possibly Effective" for Insomnia.
  • Also on file: Gotu Kola is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), Depression.

Ginger is possibly effective for pregnancy-related nausea and vomiting, period pain (dysmenorrhea), and osteoarthritis, but the evidence does not support it for exercise-related muscle soreness or chemotherapy-related nausea. Gotu kola is possibly effective for poor circulation in the legs (venous insufficiency) and burns, but not for radiation skin damage or memory and thinking.

Passionflower is possibly effective for insomnia and anxiety before medical procedures, but evidence is too limited to rate it for alcohol use disorder or withdrawal from benzodiazepines. Saffron (Saffr'Activ) is possibly effective for nerve damage from chemotherapy and Alzheimer's disease.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Ginger Gotu Kola Passion Flower Saffron

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 4 of the 4 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 4 of 4.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 4 of 4.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Ginger is generally well tolerated at typical food and supplement doses in healthy adults. At doses above 5 grams per day, side effects increase and tolerability drops.

Common mild side effects include stomach discomfort, burping, diarrhea, heartburn, and a peppery irritation of the mouth and throat. Gotu kola is generally well tolerated short-term, but liver concerns have been reported in at least four case reports, though causation is unclear.

The safety data is limited. Passionflower is generally well tolerated but commonly causes drowsiness, dizziness, and confusion.

A rare case of severe nausea, vomiting, and heart rhythm changes occurred after very high doses. Saffron is likely safe in food amounts, but at higher supplement doses the safety profile is less clear.

Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, and drowsiness; rare serious effects include allergic reactions. Ginger, gotu kola, passionflower, and saffron all lack sufficient safety data during pregnancy — traditional use advises against them.

Safety information during breastfeeding is also insufficient for all four ingredients.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Ginger Gotu Kola Passion Flower Saffron

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 4 of the 4 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Gotu Kola, Saffron, Passion Flower, Ginger.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; immunosuppressants / transplant drugs; diabetes medications.
  • For scale: 1,362 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Check with your pharmacist if you take blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs (like warfarin, apixaban, or aspirin), blood pressure medications (especially calcium channel blockers like nifedipine or ARBs like losartan), diabetes medications, sedating or anti-anxiety drugs, liver-toxic medications, caffeine supplements, or medications processed through your liver's CYP3A4 pathway or P-glycoprotein transporters. If you're unsure whether your medications fall into these groups, use the interaction checker on this page with your exact drug names.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product may help with nausea, anxiety, insomnia, and certain types of pain or brain health, depending on which ingredient addresses your concern. If you take any blood thinners, blood pressure medications, diabetes medications, sedating drugs, or medications processed by your liver, talk to your pharmacist or doctor before starting this product — the interactions could affect how your drugs work or increase side effects.

The pregnancy and breastfeeding safety data is too limited; check with your doctor if you're pregnant, trying to become pregnant, or nursing.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 4 of 4 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jan 23, 2025.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Happy Drops Sweet Lemon Gummy, straight from the product label.

Brand Organifi
Barcode (UPC) 850059332078
Net contents 60 Gummy(ies)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jan 23, 2025
DSLD ID 327926
Product type Botanical
Supplement form Gummy Or Jelly
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Vegan, Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Happy Drops Sweet Lemon Gummy by Organifi, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
2 Gummy(ies)
Maximum serving Sizes:
2 Gummy(ies)
Servings per container
30
UPC/BARCODE
850059332078
IngredientAmount% DV
Calories20 Calorie(s)--
Total Carbohydrates5 Gram(s)2%
Added Sugars3 Gram(s)6%
Total Sugars3 Gram(s)--
Ginger Root Extract15 mg--
Gotu Kola Whole Herb Extract100 mg--
Passionflower Aerial Extract150 mg--
Saffr'Activ30 mg--

Other ingredients: Cane Sugar, Tapioca Syrup, Water, Pectin, Flavors, Citric Acid, Vegetable Juice, Sodium Citrate, Carnauba Wax

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formulation

Mood lifting supplement Mood Energy Balance

Plant based

Vegan

Glyphosate Residue Free detoxfreeproject.org Gluten free Dairy free Soy free

Formula

Saffron Gotu Kola Passionflower Ginger

FDA Statement of Identity

Superfood Dietary Supplement

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Directions: Take two gummies once daily or as directed by your healthcare practitioner.

Precautions

Medical disclaimer: As with any dietary supplement, consult your healthcare practitioner before using this product, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, anticipate, surgery, take medication on a regular basis or are otherwise under medical supervision.

Not available for resale unless approved by Organifi LLC.

Warning: This product can expose you to chemicals including lead, which is known to the State of California to cause birth defects or other reproductive harm. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.

General Statements

Vitamin Angels Proud Supporter This container is made from post consumer recycled materials

Seals/Symbols

Glyphosate Residue Free detoxfreeproject.org

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Storage

Contents may settle. Store in a cool, dry place.

See for yourself

Happy Drops Sweet Lemon Gummy by Organifi label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

What’s inside

The Ingredients in Happy Drops Sweet Lemon Gummy by Organifi

These are the 4 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size2 Gummy(ies) Dosage formGummy Or Jelly Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Ginger Root Extract

Interacts with
1,007 drugs
15 mg per serving

Ginger is a widely used culinary spice with a long history in traditional medicine, and it has the strongest evidence for helping with nausea and vomi...

Ginger Root Extract monograph & interactions

Gotu Kola Whole Herb Extract

Interacts with
579 drugs
100 mg per serving

Gotu kola is a traditional Ayurvedic and Asian herb that people use for wound healing, circulation, skin problems, and as a calming or memory-supporti...

Gotu Kola Whole Herb Extract monograph & interactions

Passionflower Aerial Extract

Interacts with
836 drugs
150 mg per serving

Passion flower is a traditional calming herb that many people use for anxiety and sleep. Early studies hint it may help with mild anxiety and restless...

Passionflower Aerial Extract monograph & interactions

Saffr'Activ

Interacts with
521 drugs
30 mg per serving Form: Saffron Stigma Extract

Saffron is a costly spice that has shown promise in early studies for mild-to-moderate depression and some mood and PMS symptoms, but most research us...

Saffr'Activ monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Cane Sugar, Tapioca Syrup, Water, Pectin, Flavors, Citric Acid, Vegetable Juice, Sodium Citrate, Carnauba Wax. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Happy Drops Sweet Lemon Gummy by Organifi Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Happy Drops Sweet Lemon Gummy?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

Go to the checker
1,361Drugs
1,313 Moderate 48 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Happy Drops Sweet Lemon Gummy with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Ginger Root Extract14 drug types · 1,007 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Ginger may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs. However, research is conflicting.
Laboratory research suggests that ginger inhibits thromboxane synthetase and decreases platelet aggregation. However, this has not been demonstrated unequivocally in humans, with mixed results from clinical trials. Theoretically, excessive amounts of ginger might increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, taking ginger with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Animal and human research suggests that ginger might increase insulin levels and/or decrease blood glucose levels.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Ginger might increase or decrease the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
In vitro research and some case reports suggest that ginger inhibits CYP3A4 activity. Three case reports from the World Health Organization (WHO) adverse drug reaction database describe increased toxicity in patients taking ginger and cancer medications that are CYP3A4 substrates (imatinib, dabrafenib, and crizotinib). However, the causality of this interaction is unclear due to the presence of multiple interacting drugs and routes of administration.
Conversely, other in vitro research suggests that ginger induces CYP3A4 activity, leading to reduced levels of CYP3A4 substrates. However, this interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Losartan (Cozaar)

Theoretically, ginger might increase levels of losartan and the risk of hypotension.
In animal research, ginger increased the levels and hypotensive effects of a single dose of losartan. It is not clear if ginger alters the concentration or effects of losartan when taken continuously. Additionally, this interaction has not been shown in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Nifedipine (Procardia)

Ginger may have antiplatelet effects and increase the risk of bleeding if used with nifedipine.
Clinical research shows that combined treatment with ginger 1 gram plus nifedipine 10 mg significantly inhibits platelet aggregation when compared to nifedipine or ginger alone.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
P-Glycoprotein Substrates

Ginger might increase the absorption and blood levels of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrates.
In vitro research and case reports suggest that ginger inhibits drug efflux by P-gp, potentially increasing absorption and serum levels of P-gp substrates. Two case reports from the World Health Organization (WHO) adverse drug reaction database describe increased toxicity in patients taking ginger and cancer medications that are P-gp substrates (trametinib, crizotinib). However, the causality of this interaction is unclear due to the presence of multiple interacting drugs and routes of administration.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Phenprocoumon (Marcoumar, Others)

Ginger might increase the risk of bleeding with phenprocoumon.
Phenprocoumon, a warfarin-related anticoagulant, might increase the international normalized ratio (INR) when taken with ginger. There is one case report of a 76-year-old woman with a stable INR on phenprocoumon that increased to greater than 10 when she began consuming dried ginger and ginger tea.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Ginger might increase the risk of bleeding with warfarin.
Laboratory research suggests that ginger might inhibit thromboxane synthetase and decrease platelet aggregation. In one case report, ginger increased the INR when taken with phenprocoumon, which has similar pharmacological effects as warfarin. In another case report, ginger increased the INR when taken with a combination of warfarin, hydrochlorothiazide, and acetaminophen. A longitudinal analysis suggests that taking ginger increases the risk of bleeding in patients taking warfarin for at least 4 months. However, research in healthy people suggests that ginger has no effect on INR, or the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of warfarin. Until more is known, monitor INRs closely in patients taking large amounts of ginger.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Calcium Channel Blockers

Theoretically, taking ginger with calcium channel blockers might increase the risk of hypotension.
Some animal and in vitro research suggests that ginger has hypotensive and calcium channel-blocking effects. Another animal study shows that concomitant administration of ginger and the calcium channel blocker amlodipine leads to greater reductions in blood pressure when compared with amlodipine alone.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune)

Theoretically, when taken prior to cyclosporine, ginger might decrease cyclosporine levels.
In an animal model, ginger juice taken 2 hours prior to cyclosporine administration reduced the maximum concentration and area under the curve of cyclosporine by 51% and 40%, respectively. This effect was not observed when ginger juice and cyclosporine were administered at the same time.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, ginger might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
In vitro research shows that ginger inhibits CYP1A2 activity. However, this interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (Cyp2B6) Substrates

Theoretically, ginger might increase the levels of CYP2B6 substrates.
In vitro research shows that ginger inhibits CYP2B6 activity. However, this interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates

Theoretically, ginger might increase the levels of CYP2C9 substrates.
In vitro research shows that ginger inhibits CYP2C9 activity. However, this interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Metronidazole (Flagyl)

Theoretically, ginger might increase levels of metronidazole.
In an animal model, ginger increased the absorption and plasma half-life of metronidazole. In addition, the elimination rate and clearance of metronidazole was significantly reduced.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Passionflower Aerial Extract3 drug types · 836 drugs

Cns Depressants

Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Research in animals and humans shows that passion flower has sedative effects which can be additive when used with sedative medications like lorazepam.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
In vitro research suggests that passion flower can induce CYP3A4 enzymes, albeit to a much lower degree than rifampin, a known CYP3A4 inducer.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide Substrates (Oatp)

Theoretically, passion flower might reduce the bioavailability of OATP2B1 and OATP1A2 substrates.
In vitro research shows that the passion flower constituents apigenin and vitexin inhibit OATP2B1 and OATP1A2. This inhibition may be dose-dependent. One specific high-flavonoid passion flower extract (Valverde) seems to inhibit OATP2B1 and OATP1A2, while another extract with a lower flavonoid concentration (Arkocaps) shows less potent inhibition. OATPs are responsible for the uptake of drugs and other compounds into the body; however, the specific activities of OATP2B1 and OATP1A2 are not well characterized.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Gotu Kola Whole Herb Extract2 drug types · 579 drugs

Cns Depressants

Theoretically, taking gotu kola might increase the sedative effects of CNS depressants.
In vitro research suggests that gotu kola may have sedative effects via binding of GABA receptors.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Hepatotoxic Drugs

Theoretically, taking gotu kola with hepatotoxic drugs might have additive adverse effects.
There are at least four case reports of hepatotoxicity associated with the use of gotu kola. However, more information is needed to determine if gotu kola was the causative factor in these cases.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Saffr'Activ4 drug types · 521 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of saffron with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Some clinical research shows that taking saffron extract reduces fasting levels of glucose when used in addition to hypoglycemic agents. However, saffron powder itself has not been shown to reduce fasting glucose levels.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of saffron with antihypertensive drugs might have additive effects.
Animal and human research suggests that saffron extract can decrease blood pressure.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Caffeine

Theoretically, saffron might inhibit the metabolism of caffeine.
A small clinical study suggests that taking saffron powder 300 mg in 150 mL water daily for 5 days and then taking caffeine 200 mg seems to reduce caffeine metabolite levels in the saliva and urine in males, but not females. Theoretically, this may be due to the inhibition of cytochrome P450 1A2 by saffron.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Cns Depressants

Theoretically, concomitant use of saffron and CNS depressants might have additive sedative effects.
Clinical research shows that taking saffron extract 60 mg orally daily for 26 weeks can cause drowsiness and sedation. Animal research suggests that adding saffron to hexobarbital further increases sleeping and slows motor activity.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Happy Drops Sweet Lemon Gummy, from the product label.

Organifi

See all Organifi products
Name
Organifi LLC.
City
San Diego
State
CA
ZipCode
92108
Phone Number
760-487-8587
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Happy Drops Sweet Lemon Gummy by Organifi: Common Questions

Does Happy Drops Sweet Lemon Gummy by Organifi interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Happy Drops Sweet Lemon Gummy has a known interaction with 1,361 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Happy Drops Sweet Lemon Gummy contains 4 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take this if I'm on a blood thinner like warfarin?
You should not start this product without talking to your doctor first. Ginger in these gummies may increase your bleeding risk when combined with warfarin or similar blood thinners — case reports show it can raise your INR (a measure of blood thinning). Your doctor may need to monitor you closely or adjust your dose.
Will this make me drowsy?
Possibly. Passionflower and saffron both commonly cause drowsiness, dizziness, or sedation. If you're sensitive to sedating effects or plan to drive, start with a lower dose or take it in the evening. If you're already taking sleeping pills or anti-anxiety medications, the drowsiness may be stronger.
Does ginger in this gummy really help with nausea?
Yes — ginger is possibly effective for pregnancy-related nausea and vomiting. It's also possibly effective for period pain and osteoarthritis. However, ginger does not appear to work for nausea from chemotherapy or for muscle soreness from exercise.
Is it safe to take this while pregnant?
There isn't enough reliable safety data for any of the four ingredients — ginger, gotu kola, passionflower, or saffron — during pregnancy. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist before taking this product if you're pregnant, trying to become pregnant, or nursing. Even though ginger is traditionally used for morning sickness, your healthcare provider needs to know about it and approve the dose.
What are the most common side effects?
From ginger: stomach discomfort, burping, diarrhea, heartburn, and a peppery irritation in your mouth and throat. From passionflower: drowsiness and dizziness. From saffron: nausea, vomiting, and sedation. Gotu kola can cause nausea and stomach irritation. Most are mild, but high doses of ginger (over 5 grams per day) increase the risk.
Can this interact with my diabetes or blood pressure medications?
Yes. Ginger, saffron, and saffron all theoretically raise the risk of low blood sugar if you take diabetes drugs, and ginger, saffron, and saffron may add to blood pressure-lowering effects if you take blood pressure medications. Your doctor should monitor your blood sugar and blood pressure if you start this product.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Happy Drops Sweet Lemon Gummy label
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Happy Drops Sweet Lemon Gummy's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 123 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Ginger 64 references
  1. Fischer-Rasmussen W, Kjaer SK, Dahl C, Asping U. Ginger treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1991;38:19-24. PubMed
  2. Jewell D, Young G. Interventions for nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000;(2):CD000145. PubMed
  3. Vutyavanich T, Kraisarin T, Ruangsri R. Ginger for nausea and vomiting in pregnancy: randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol 2001;97:577-82. DOI
  4. Backon J. Ginger in preventing nausea and vomiting of pregnancy; a caveat due to its thromboxane synthetase activity and effect on testosterone binding. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1991;42:163-4. PubMed
  5. Srivastava KC. Effect of onion and ginger consumption on platelet thromboxane production in humans. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 1989;35:183-5. PubMed
  6. Stewart JJ, Wood MJ, Wood CD, Mims ME. Effects of ginger on motion sickness susceptibility and gastric function. Pharmacology 1991;42:111-20. PubMed
  7. Smith C, Crowther C, Willson K, et al. A randomized controlled trial of ginger to treat nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2004;103:639-45. PubMed
  8. Portnoi G, Chng LA, Karimi-Tabesh L, et al. Prospective comparative study of the safety and effectiveness of ginger for the treatment of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003;189:1374-7.. PubMed
  9. Wigler I, Grotto I, Caspi D, Yaron M. The effects of Zintona EC (a ginger extract) on symptomatic gonarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2003;11:783-9. PubMed
  10. Ghayur MN, Gilani AH. Ginger lowers blood pressure through blockade of voltage-dependent calcium channels. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2005;45:74-80. PubMed
  11. Thomson M, Al-Qattan KK, Al-Sawan SM, et al. The use of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) as a potential anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic agent. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2002;67:475-8. PubMed
  12. Kanerva L, Estlander T, Jolanki R. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from spices. Contact Dermatitis 1996;35:157-62. PubMed
  13. Akhani SP, Vishwakarma SL, Goyal RK. Anti-diabetic activity of Zingiber officinale in streptozotocin-induced type I diabetic rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2004;56:101-5.
  14. Kruth P, Brosi E, Fux R, et al. Ginger-associated overanticoagulation by phenprocoumon. Ann Pharmacother 2004;38:257-60. PubMed
  15. Jiang X, Williams KM, Liauw WS, et al. Effect of ginkgo and ginger on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of warfarin in healthy subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2005;59:425-32. PubMed
  16. Borrelli F, Capasso R, Aviello G, et al. Effectiveness and safety of ginger in the treatment of pregnancy-induced nausea and vomiting. Obstet Gynecol 2005;105:849-56. PubMed
  17. Smith C, Crowther C, Wilson K et al. A randomized controlled trial of ginger to treat nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2004;103:639-45. PubMed
  18. Jiang X, Blair EY, McLachlan AJ. Investigation of the effects of herbal medicines on warfarin response in healthy subjects: a population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling approach. J Clin Pharmacol 2006;46:1370-8. PubMed
  19. Chittumma P, Kaewkiattikun K, Wiriyasiriwach B. Comparison of the effectiveness of ginger and vitamin B6 for treatment of nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy: a randomized double-blind controlled trial. J Med Assoc Thai 2007;90:15-20.
  20. Ozgoli G, Goli M, Moattar F. Comparison of effects of ginger, mefenamic acid, and ibuprofen on pain in women with primary dysmenorrhea. J Altern Complement Med 2009;15:129-32. PubMed
  21. Black CD, Herring MP, Hurley DJ, O'Connor PJ. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) reduces muscle pain caused by eccentric exercise. J Pain 2010;11:894-903. PubMed
  22. Heitmann K, Nordeng H, Holst L. Safety of ginger use in pregnancy: results from a large population-based cohort study. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2012 Jun 17. PubMed
  23. Ryan JL, Heckler CE, Roscoe JA, et al. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) reduces acute chemotherapy-induced nausea: a URCC CCOP study of 576 patients. Support Care Cancer. 2012;20:1479-89. PubMed
  24. Backon J. Ginger as an antiemetic: possible side effects due to its thromboxane synthetase activity. Anaesthesia. 1991;46(8):705-6.. PubMed
  25. Abebe W. Herbal medication: potential for adverse interactions with analgesic drugs. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2002;27:391-401. PubMed
  26. Argento A, Tiraferri E, Marzaloni M. [Oral anticoagulants and medicinal plants. An emerging interaction]. Ann Ital Med Int. 2000;15:139-43.
  27. Young HY, Liao JC, Chang YS, et al. Synergistic effect of ginger and nifedipine on human platelet aggregation: a study in hypertensive patients and normal volunteers. Am J Chin Med. 2006;34:545-51. PubMed
  28. Greenway FL, Liu Z, Martin CK, et al. Safety and efficacy of NT, an herbal supplement, in treating human obesity. Int J Obes (Lond). 2006;30:1737-41. PubMed
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Gotu Kola 18 references
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Passion Flower 19 references
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Saffron 22 references
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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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