Pouncing Hammer AKG Ingredients & Drug Interactions
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Pouncing Hammer AKG against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Pouncing Hammer AKG is a dietary supplement by Kempo Nutrition with 3 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for exercise performance and endurance, heart health, energy support.Based on those ingredients, 376 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Vanadyl Sulfate, Taurine. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Pouncing Hammer AKG by Kempo Nutrition
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Pouncing Hammer AKG by Kempo Nutrition — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Pouncing Hammer AKG by Kempo Nutrition
Four independent checks of what is known — a summary of the available information, not a grade of the product itself.
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
The stated purpose hasn't been mapped to our evidence data yet.
Why this rating?
- We haven't mapped this product's purpose to our evidence data yet — it'll be graded on the next content refresh.
Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.
Why this rating?
- The label discloses an exact amount for 3 of its 3 active ingredients.
- No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.
The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.
Why this rating?
- 2 of the 2 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Vanadium, Taurine.
- The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
- Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; diabetes medications; lithium.
- For scale: 376 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.
Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.
Why this rating?
- We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 2 of the 2 matched ingredients.
- Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 2 of 2.
- General safety write-ups exist for 2 of 2.
- Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.
HelloPharmacist summaryFully disclosed formula with no assessable stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Assessment coverage: 2 of 3 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated May 23, 2014.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Pouncing Hammer AKG, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Kempo Nutrition |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 759475100202 |
| Net contents | 180 Tablet(s) |
| Market status | Off market |
| Date entered into DSLD | May 23, 2014 |
| DSLD ID | 33053 |
| Product type | Other Combinations |
| Supplement form | Tablet Or Pill |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult (18 - 50 Years) |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Pouncing Hammer AKG by Kempo Nutrition, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Taurine | 200 mg | -- |
| Vanadyl Sulfate | 5 mg | -- |
| Arginine Alpha Ketoglutarate | 3000 mg | -- |
Other ingredients: Dicalcium Phosphate, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Stearic Acid, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements
Nitric oxide supplementation is very useful in increasing growth due to increases in blood flow to certain areas of the body. Nitric Oxide enhances recovery, muscle growth, and endurance.
REACH YOUR GOALS RAPIDLY
Made In USA
Strength Endurance Massive Energy
Lot # 0597UFRW17 - Exp. 10/2016
Precautions
Consult a physician if you have been treated for, or diagnosed with, or have a family history of any medical condition including, but not limited to, heart disease, high or low blood pressure, cardiac conditions, or psychological disorders, or if you are taking a prescription drug or over-the-counter medication.
Use only as directed. Do not exceed recommended serving as improper use of this product does not enhance results.
Warnings: Not intended for use by persons under 18.
Do not use if you have had a myocardial infarction (heart attack).
FDA Disclaimer Statement
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Directions For Use: Take 3 tablets twice daily. Once in the morning on an empty stomach and 1/2 hour prior to lunch. To maximize at least 64 ounces of water daily.
FDA Statement of Identity
DIETARY SUPPLEMENT
Formula
Pure Nitric Oxide NO2 Tablets
Brand IP Statement(s)
Pouncing Hammer(TM) has huge doses of nitric oxide to carry out key physiological processes within the body.
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Pouncing Hammer AKG by Kempo Nutrition label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Pouncing Hammer AKG by Kempo Nutrition
These are the 3 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size3 Tablet(s) Dosage formTablet Or Pill Servings per container60 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Taurine
Interacts with173 drugs
Taurine is an amino acid your body makes naturally and that you also get from animal foods. It is widely used in energy drinks and sports supplements,...
Taurine monograph & interactionsVanadyl Sulfate
Interacts with208 drugs
Vanadium is a trace mineral found in tiny amounts in food, and people get plenty from a normal diet. Supplement claims for diabetes, weight, and athle...
Vanadyl Sulfate monograph & interactionsArginine Alpha Ketoglutarate
Other (inactive) ingredients: Dicalcium Phosphate, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Stearic Acid, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Pouncing Hammer AKG by Kempo Nutrition Drug Interactions
Pouncing Hammer AKG contains 3 ingredients, and 2 of them have known drug interactions. Altogether they interact with 376 medications. Here’s the picture, then you can look up your own drug.
Want to check YOUR meds against Pouncing Hammer AKG?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Pouncing Hammer AKG interact with 376 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
2 of the 3 ingredients in Pouncing Hammer AKG interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Vanadyl Sulfate Taurine
AbciximabReoPro
How Abciximab interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Vanadyl SulfateAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, vanadium might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Vanadyl Sulfate + Abciximab interactionAbrocitinibCibinqo
How Abrocitinib interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Vanadyl SulfateAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, vanadium might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Vanadyl Sulfate + Abrocitinib interactionAcarboseGlucobay, Prandase, Precose
How Acarbose interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Vanadyl SulfateAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, vanadium might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Vanadyl Sulfate + Acarbose interactionAcebutololRhotral, Sectral
How Acebutolol interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
TaurineAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taurine might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Taurine + Acebutolol interactionAcenocoumarolSintrom
How Acenocoumarol interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Vanadyl SulfateAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, vanadium might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Vanadyl Sulfate + Acenocoumarol interactionAcetaminophen, AspirinGemnisyn
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Vanadyl SulfateAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, vanadium might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Vanadyl Sulfate + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAcetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Vanadyl SulfateAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, vanadium might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Vanadyl Sulfate + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, IbuprofenCombogesic
How Acetaminophen, Ibuprofen interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Vanadyl SulfateAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, vanadium might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Vanadyl Sulfate + Acetaminophen, Ibuprofen interactionAcetazolamideAk-Zol, Diamox
How Acetazolamide interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
TaurineAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taurine might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Taurine + Acetazolamide interactionAcetohexamideDymelor
How Acetohexamide interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Vanadyl SulfateAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, vanadium might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Vanadyl Sulfate + Acetohexamide interactionAcetylsalicylic AcidEntrophen
How Acetylsalicylic Acid interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Vanadyl SulfateAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, vanadium might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Vanadyl Sulfate + Acetylsalicylic Acid interactionAlbiglutideTanzeum
How Albiglutide interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Vanadyl SulfateAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, vanadium might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Vanadyl Sulfate + Albiglutide interactionAliskirenTekturna
How Aliskiren interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
TaurineAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taurine might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Taurine + Aliskiren interactionAlogliptinNesina
How Alogliptin interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Vanadyl SulfateAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, vanadium might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Vanadyl Sulfate + Alogliptin interactionAlogliptin, MetforminKazano
How Alogliptin, Metformin interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Vanadyl SulfateAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, vanadium might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Vanadyl Sulfate + Alogliptin, Metformin interactionAlogliptin, PioglitazoneOseni
How Alogliptin, Pioglitazone interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Vanadyl SulfateAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, vanadium might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Vanadyl Sulfate + Alogliptin, Pioglitazone interactionAlteplase, TpaActilyse, Activase
How Alteplase, Tpa interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Vanadyl SulfateAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, vanadium might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Vanadyl Sulfate + Alteplase, Tpa interactionAluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Magnesium HydroxideAscriptin Codeine #2
How Aluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Magnesium Hydroxide interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Vanadyl SulfateAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, vanadium might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Vanadyl Sulfate + Aluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Magnesium Hydroxide interactionAluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Magnesium HydroxideAscriptin
How Aluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Magnesium Hydroxide interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Vanadyl SulfateAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, vanadium might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Vanadyl Sulfate + Aluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Magnesium Hydroxide interactionAmbrisentanLetairis, Volibris
How Ambrisentan interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
TaurineAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taurine might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Taurine + Ambrisentan interactionAmilorideAmilamont, Midamor
How Amiloride interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
TaurineAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taurine might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Taurine + Amiloride interactionAmiloride, HydrochlorothiazideAmil-Co, Amilzide, Moduret 25, Moduretic
How Amiloride, Hydrochlorothiazide interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
TaurineAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taurine might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Taurine + Amiloride, Hydrochlorothiazide interactionAmlodipineNorliqva
How Amlodipine interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
TaurineAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taurine might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Taurine + Amlodipine interactionAmlodipine BenzoateKaterzia
How Amlodipine Benzoate interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
TaurineAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taurine might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Taurine + Amlodipine Benzoate interactionAmlodipine BesilateIstin
How Amlodipine Besilate interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
TaurineAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taurine might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Taurine + Amlodipine Besilate interactionAmlodipine BesylateNorvasc
How Amlodipine Besylate interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
TaurineAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taurine might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Taurine + Amlodipine Besylate interactionAmlodipine Besylate, BenazeprilLotrel
How Amlodipine Besylate, Benazepril interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
TaurineAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taurine might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Taurine + Amlodipine Besylate, Benazepril interactionAmlodipine, CelecoxibConsensi
How Amlodipine, Celecoxib interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
TaurineAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taurine might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Taurine + Amlodipine, Celecoxib interactionAmmonium ChlorideAmmonium Chloride
How Ammonium Chloride interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
TaurineAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taurine might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Taurine + Ammonium Chloride interactionAnacaulase-bcdbNexoBrid
How Anacaulase-bcdb interacts with Pouncing Hammer AKG — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Vanadyl SulfateAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, vanadium might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Vanadyl Sulfate + Anacaulase-bcdb interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Pouncing Hammer AKG with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Vanadyl Sulfate
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, vanadium might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro research shows that the sodium orthovanadate form of vanadium prolongs clotting time, likely through inhibition of thrombin and factor Xa.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, vanadium might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
A few very small clinical studies in patients with type 2 diabetes show that the vanadyl sulfate form of vanadium increases insulin sensitivity and might lower blood glucose levels.
Taurine
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, taurine might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Some clinical evidence suggests that taurine can reduce both systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
Lithium
Theoretically, taurine might reduce excretion and increase plasma levels of lithium.
Taurine is thought to have diuretic properties, which might reduce the excretion of lithium.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Pouncing Hammer AKG, from the product label.
Kempo Nutrition
See all Kempo Nutrition products- Name
- Kempo LLC
- Street Address
- 718 North Colony Road
- City
- Wallingford
- State
- CT
- ZipCode
- 06492
Pouncing Hammer AKG by Kempo Nutrition: Common Questions
Does Pouncing Hammer AKG by Kempo Nutrition interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Where does this information come from?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if Pouncing Hammer AKG is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Pouncing Hammer AKG’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Taurine
Interacts with 173 drugsTaurine is an amino acid your body makes naturally and that you also get from animal foods. It is widely used in energy drinks and sports supplements, and short-term use appears generally sa...
Read the full Taurine monograph → Herb & supplement monographVanadium
Interacts with 208 drugsVanadium is a trace mineral found in tiny amounts in food, and people get plenty from a normal diet. Supplement claims for diabetes, weight, and athletic performance are not well proven, and...
Read the full Vanadium monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Pouncing Hammer AKG's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 36 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Taurine 21 references
- Ahmad S, Robertson HT, Golper TA, et al. Multicenter trial of L-carnitine in maintenance hemodialysis patients. II. Clinical and biochemical effects. Kidney Int 1990;38:912-8. PubMed
- Machado-Vieira R, Viale CI, Kapczinski F. Mania associated with an energy drink: the possible role of caffeine, taurine, and inositol. Can J Psychiatry 2001;46:454-5. PubMed
- Obermann M, Schorn CF, Mummel P, et al. Taurine induced toxic encephalopathy? Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2006;108:812-3. PubMed
- Bichler, A., Swenson, A., and Harris, M. A. A combination of caffeine and taurine has no effect on short term memory but induces changes in heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure. Amino Acids 2006;31(4):471-476. PubMed
- Iyadurai, S. J. and Chung, S. S. New-onset seizures in adults: possible association with consumption of popular energy drinks. Epilepsy Behav 2007;10(3):504-508. PubMed
- Berger, A. J. and Alford, K. Cardiac arrest in a young man following excess consumption of caffeinated "energy drinks". Med J Aust. 1-5-2009;190(1):41-43. PubMed
- Worthley, M. I., Prabhu, A., De, Sciscio P., Schultz, C., Sanders, P., and Willoughby, S. R. Detrimental effects of energy drink consumption on platelet and endothelial function. Am J Med 2010;123(2):184-187. PubMed
- Morchon, Simon D. and Perez Castrillon, J. L. [Hypoglycemia by intake of taurine]. Rev.Clin Esp. 2010;210(1):49.
- Livshits, Z., Hoffman, R. S., Hymes, K. B., and Nelson, L. S. If vitamins could kill: massive hemolysis following naturopathic vitamin infusion. J Med Toxicol. 2011;7(3):224-226. PubMed
- Schoffl, I., Kothmann, J. F., Schoffl, V., Rupprecht, H. D., and Rupprecht, T. "Vodka energy": too much for the adolescent nephron? Pediatrics 2011;128(1):e227-e231. PubMed
- Calabro, R. S., Italiano, D., Gervasi, G., and Bramanti, P. Single tonic-clonic seizure after energy drink abuse. Epilepsy Behav 2012;23(3):384-385. PubMed
- Fujita, T., Ando, K., Noda, H., Ito, Y., and Sato, Y. Effects of increased adrenomedullary activity and taurine in young patients with borderline hypertension. Circulation 1987;75(3):525-532. PubMed
- Darling, P. B., Lepage, G., Leroy, C., Masson, P., and Roy, C. C. Effect of taurine supplements on fat absorption in cystic fibrosis. Pediatr Res 1985;19(6):578-582. PubMed
- Fukuyama, Y. and Ochiai, Y. Therapeutic trial by taurine for intractable childhood epilepsies. Brain Dev. 1982;4(1):63-69. PubMed
- Franconi, F., Bennardini, F., Mattana, A., Miceli, M., Ciuti, M., Mian, M., Gironi, A., Anichini, R., and Seghieri, G. Plasma and platelet taurine are reduced in subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: effects of taurine supplementation. Am.J. DOI
- Stohs SJ, Miller M. A case study involving allergic reactions to sulfur-containing compounds including, sulfite, taurine, acesulfame potassium and sulfonamides. Food Chem Toxicol. 2014 Jan;63:240-3. PubMed
- Sun Q, Wang B, Li Y, Sun F, et al. Taurine supplementation lowers blood pressure and improves vascular function in prehypertension: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Hypertension 2016 Mar;67(3):541-9. PubMed
- Jang ES, Hwang SH, Kim JW, Jeong SH. Effectiveness of 4-week oral taurine treatment for muscle cramps in patients with liver cirrhosis: a single-arm pilot study. Yonsei Med J 2021;62(1):21-8. PubMed
- Guan L, Miao P. The effects of taurine supplementation on obesity, blood pressure and lipid profile: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Pharmacol 2020;885:173533. PubMed
- Higgins JP, Liras GN, Liras IN, et al. Energy Drink Effects on Hemodynamics and Endothelial Function in Young Adults. Cardiology. 2021;146(2):258-262. PubMed
- Pallangyo P, Bhalia SV, Komba M, et al. Acute Myocardial Infarction Following the Consumption of Energy Drink in a 28-Year-Old Male: A Case Report. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep. 2023 Jan-Dec;11:23247096231168811. PubMed
Vanadium 15 references
- Harland BF, Harden-Williams BA. Is vanadium of human nutritional importance yet? J Am Diet Assoc 1994;94:891-4. PubMed
- Sitprija V, Tungsanga K, Tosukhowong P, et al. Metabolic problems in northeastern Thailand: possible role of vanadium. Mineral Electrolyte Metab 1998;19:51-6.
- Funakoshi T, Shimada H, Kojima S, et al. Anticoagulant action of vanadate. Chem Pharmaceut Bull 1992;40:174-6. PubMed
- Halberstam M, Cohen N, Shlimovich P, et al. Oral vanadyl sulfate improves insulin sensitivity in NIDDM but not in obese nondiabetic subjects. Diabetes 1996;45:659-66. PubMed
- Cohen N, Halberstam M, Shlimovich P, et al. Oral vanadyl sulfate improves hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Clin Invest 1995;95:2501-9. PubMed
- Boden G, Chen X, Ruiz J, et al. Effects of vanadyl sulfate on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Metabolism 1996;45:1130-5.
- Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002.
- Goldfine AB, Simonson DC, Folli F, et al. Metabolic effects of sodium metavanadate in humans with insulin-dependent and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in vivo and in vitro studies. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995;80:3311-20. PubMed
- Cusi K, Cukier S, DeFronzo RA, et al. Vanadyl sulfate improves hepatic and muscle insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001;86:1410-7.
- Peat F, Coomber R, Rana A, Vince A. Vanadium allergy following total knee arthroplasty. BMJ Case Rep 2018;2018. pii: bcr-2017-222092. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2017-222092. PubMed
- Jin S, Xia W, Jiang Y, et al. Urinary vanadium concentration in relation to premature rupture of membranes: A birth cohort study. Chemosphere 2018;210:1035-41. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.110. PubMed
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