Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Pro-Essence Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Flora

Pro-Essence label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Botanical
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 30, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Pro-Essence against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Pro-Essence is a dietary supplement by Flora with 5 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for water retention (diuretic), digestive upset and bloating, urinary tract support.Based on those ingredients, 2,139 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Slippery Elm, Uva-Ursi, Juniper. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against Pro-Essence by Flora

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Pro-Essence by Flora — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Pro-Essence by Flora

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Sep 3, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 5 active ingredients.
  • “A Proprietary Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (291.60 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

Flora Pro-Essence contains five active ingredients. Juniper berry is traditionally used for urinary and digestive support, though current evidence doesn't reliably establish how well it works.

Uva-ursi (bearberry leaf) is used for urinary tract health, though research suggests it may not be effective for urinary tract infections. Prickly ash is included for digestive support, though evidence for its effectiveness isn't established in the data we hold.

Burdock root is traditionally used for skin and overall wellness, but reliable evidence for these uses is lacking. Slippery elm inner bark is used for throat and digestive comfort, though evidence for most conditions it's marketed for is insufficient.

The product also contains one inactive ingredient: a vegetarian capsule.

Does it work?

Leans against
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Leans against

The strongest graded evidence we hold for the stated purpose leans against a benefit.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: urinary tract support.
  • We looked for evidence on: Urinary tract infections (UTIs), Kidney stones (nephrolithiasis), Urinary discomfort, Cystitis, Overactive bladder, Urinary frequency.
  • The closest evidence on file: Uva Ursi is rated "Possibly Ineffective" for Urinary tract infections (UTIs) (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Burdock is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Urinary tract infections (UTIs).
  • Also on file: Juniper is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Kidney stones (nephrolithiasis), Urinary tract infections (UTIs).

The evidence supporting Flora Pro-Essence's active ingredients is limited. Juniper has been studied for conditions ranging from GERD to kidney stones and bronchitis, but none of those uses have sufficient reliable evidence to rate.

Uva-ursi appears possibly ineffective for urinary tract infections, and evidence for its other uses — bronchitis and benign prostatic hyperplasia — isn't established. Prickly ash, burdock, and slippery elm have no effectiveness ratings in our data.

The takeaway: these ingredients are used traditionally, but we don't have solid research backing their effectiveness for the purposes this product markets them.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Juniper Uva Ursi Northern Prickly Ash Burdock Slippery Elm

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 4 of the 5 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 5 of 5.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 5 of 5.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Juniper is generally well tolerated in the amounts you'd find in food, but medicinal doses may irritate your kidneys and shouldn't be used long-term. Uva-ursi is generally well tolerated in low doses short-term, but can be toxic at high doses or with prolonged use — at very high doses (20 grams or more of dried herb), it's reported to cause serious effects including convulsions and delirium.

Common side effects from uva-ursi include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach upset. Burdock is well tolerated when eaten as a food and for short-term medicinal use, though allergic reactions including anaphylaxis are rare.

Slippery elm is generally well tolerated short-term, and topically it may cause contact dermatitis or allergic reactions to its pollen. None of these ingredients should be used during pregnancy: juniper is unsafe, uva-ursi is likely unsafe, prickly ash and burdock are possibly unsafe, and slippery elm has insufficient safety data.

None should be used while breastfeeding due to insufficient safety information.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Juniper Uva Ursi Northern Prickly Ash Burdock Slippery Elm

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 5 of the 5 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Northern Prickly Ash, Burdock, Uva Ursi, Juniper, Slippery Elm.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; diabetes medications; lithium.
  • For scale: 2,140 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking Flora Pro-Essence, check with your doctor or pharmacist about: any oral medications (slippery elm may slow their absorption), antidiabetes drugs (juniper may lower blood sugar), blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs like aspirin (burdock may increase bleeding risk), CYP2C19 or CYP3A4 substrate drugs (uva-ursi may raise their levels), lithium (both juniper and uva-ursi may increase lithium levels), diuretics (juniper may add to their effects), urinary acidifying agents (uva-ursi's effects may be reduced), and stomach-acid medications like H2-blockers, antacids, or PPIs (prickly ash may make them less effective).

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with graded evidence leaning against its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

Flora Pro-Essence is a traditional herbal blend, but its effectiveness isn't well established in current research, and it carries documented interactions with many medications — especially any drug you take by mouth. If you're on antidiabetes medications, blood thinners, lithium, or stomach-acid medications, or if you take any regular oral prescriptions, talk with your doctor or pharmacist before adding this to your routine.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding are not appropriate times to use it.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 5 of 5 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Mar 24, 2020.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Pro-Essence, straight from the product label.

Brand Flora
Barcode (UPC) 061998680957
Net contents 120 Vegetarian Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Mar 24, 2020
DSLD ID 214992
Product type Botanical
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Organic
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Pro-Essence by Flora, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
1 Capsule(s)
UPC/BARCODE
061998680957
IngredientAmount% DV
Juniper0 NP--
A Proprietary Blend291.6 mg--
Uva-Ursi0 NP--
Prickly Ash0 NP--
Burdock0 NP--
Slippery Elm0 NP--

Other ingredients: Vegetarian Capsule

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formula

This five-herb formula was developed by legendary Canadian nurse Rene Caisse and Dr. Charles Brusch and authorized by Elaine Alexander. Flora's Pro-Essence is a synergistic herbal formula designed to help the urinary tract in a mild and continuous manner with its natural elimination process. The herbs in Pro-Essence help support and maintain the healthy functioning of the urinary tract.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

General Statements

Premium herbal formulas

Authorized by Elaine Alexander

Product of Canada

Formulation

Urinary tract support formula

Certified organic

FDA Statement of Identity

Herbal Supplement

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested Use: Take 1 capsule in early a.m. and 1 capsule in late p.m. with a glass of warm water. For Extra Strength: Take an additional capsule in mid-a.m. and in mid-p.m. Eventually reduce to taking 1 capsule a day. Drink 4-6 glasses of water daily while taking Pro-Essence.

Storage

Store at room temperature.

Precautions

Keep out of reach of children.

Security sealed for your protection. Do not use if missing or damaged.

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Pro-Essence by Flora label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Pro-Essence label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Pro-Essence by Flora

These are the 5 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

A Proprietary Blend

291.6 mg per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Vegetarian Capsule. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Pro-Essence by Flora Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Pro-Essence?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
2,139Drugs
2,130 Moderate 9 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Slippery Elm 2,022
Uva-Ursi 803
Juniper 162
Burdock 122
Prickly Ash 36

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Pro-Essence interact with 2,139 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

5 of the 5 ingredients in Pro-Essence interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Slippery Elm Uva-Ursi Juniper Burdock Prickly Ash

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Pro-Essence with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Slippery Elm1 drug type · 2,022 drugs

Oral Drugs

Theoretically, slippery elm may slow the absorption and reduce serum levels of oral drugs.
Slippery elm inner bark contains mucilage, which may interfere with the absorption of orally administered drugs.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Slippery Elm full monograph & interactions

Uva-Ursi6 drug types · 803 drugs

Cytochrome P450 2C19 (Cyp2C19) Substrates

Theoretically, uva ursi may decrease the metabolism of CYP2C19 substrates.
In vitro, uva ursi appears to inhibit cytochrome CYP2C19. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, uva ursi may decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
In vitro, uva ursi appears to inhibit CYP3A4. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Glucuronidated Drugs

Theoretically, uva ursi may increase levels of drugs metabolized by glucuronidation.
In vitro, uva ursi extract appears to strongly inhibit UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A1 (UGT1A1). However, uva ursi extract does not appear to inhibit UGT1A1 in animal models. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Lithium

Theoretically, uva ursi may increase lithium levels, necessitating a decrease in dose.
Uva ursi may have diuretic properties. Diuretics may increase lithium reabsorption with sodium in the proximal tubule of the kidney. Theoretically, uva ursi might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Urinary Acidifying Agents

Effects of uva ursi in the urinary tract may be reduced by urinary acidifying agents.
Uva ursi seems to work best in alkaline urine. Theoretically, taking uva ursi with medications known to acidify the urine may decrease any effects of uva ursi on the urinary tract.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
P-Glycoprotein Substrates

Theoretically, uva ursi may alter the levels of drugs transported by P-glycoprotein.
In vitro, uva ursi appears to inhibit the multi-drug transporter protein, P-glycoprotein. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Uva-Ursi full monograph & interactions

Juniper3 drug types · 162 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, taking juniper berry with antidiabetes medications might cause additive hypoglycemia.
Animal research shows that juniper berry can lower blood glucose.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Diuretic Drugs

Theoretically, juniper berry might increase the risk of adverse effects from diuretic drugs.
Juniper berry is thought to have mild diuretic effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Lithium

Theoretically, juniper berry might reduce lithium excretion and increase serum levels of lithium.
Juniper berry is thought to have mild diuretic effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Juniper full monograph & interactions

Burdock1 drug type · 122 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, taking burdock with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs might increase the risk of bleeding.

In vitro research shows that lignans from burdock reduce rabbit platelet aggregation by inhibiting platelet activating factor. This interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Burdock full monograph & interactions

Prickly Ash3 drug types · 36 drugs

Antacids

Theoretically, northern prickly ash might decrease the effectiveness of antacids.
There are reports that northern prickly ash increases stomach acid.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
H2-Blockers

Theoretically, northern prickly ash might decrease the effectiveness of H2-blockers.
There are reports that northern prickly ash increases stomach acid.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Proton Pump Inhibitors (Ppis)

Theoretically, northern prickly ash might decrease the effectiveness of PPIs.
There are reports that northern prickly ash increases stomach acid.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Prickly Ash full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Pro-Essence, from the product label.

Flora

See all Flora products
Name
Flora, Inc.
Street Address
805 E. Badger Rd.
City
Lynden
State
WA
ZipCode
98264
Phone Number
1.800.446.2110
Web Address
www.florahealth.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Pro-Essence by Flora: Common Questions

Does Pro-Essence by Flora interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Pro-Essence has a known interaction with 2,139 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Pro-Essence contains 5 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take Flora Pro-Essence if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
No. Juniper is unsafe during pregnancy, uva-ursi is likely unsafe, prickly ash and burdock are possibly unsafe, and slippery elm lacks enough safety data. The same applies to breastfeeding — all five ingredients have insufficient safety information for that time. Talk with your doctor about alternatives.
How long can I safely take this product?
The data recommend short-term use only for most of these ingredients. Juniper and uva-ursi should not be used long-term because they may irritate your kidneys or become toxic. Prickly ash and burdock are also advised for short-term use due to limited safety data.
What are the most common side effects?
Uva-ursi most often causes nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach upset. Slippery elm can cause contact dermatitis or allergic reactions if you're sensitive to it. Burdock and juniper are generally well tolerated at low doses short-term, though burdock can rarely trigger allergic reactions including anaphylaxis.
Does this product actually work for the conditions it mentions?
We don't have reliable evidence that it does. Juniper, prickly ash, burdock, and slippery elm all have insufficient evidence for the conditions marketed on this product. Uva-ursi actually appears possibly ineffective for urinary tract infections, which is one of its main uses.
Why does the interaction data show 2,140 medications?
Slippery elm can theoretically slow the absorption of essentially any medication you swallow — that accounts for the majority of the count. Combined with the other ingredients' interactions with specific drug types (like blood thinners, lithium, and diabetes medications), the total reaches that number. It's why checking your exact prescriptions before you start is so important.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Pro-Essence label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Pro-Essence’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Juniper

Interacts with 162 drugs

Juniper berry is a traditional herb best known for flavoring gin and for its folk use as a diuretic and digestive aid. Solid human evidence for its health benefits is limited, and it can irr...

Read the full Juniper monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Uva Ursi

Interacts with 803 drugs

Uva ursi is a traditional herb used mainly for urinary tract infections, and its leaves contain a compound called arbutin that may have antimicrobial effects in the urine. Evidence in people...

Read the full Uva Ursi monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Northern Prickly Ash

Interacts with 36 drugs

Northern Prickly Ash is a North American shrub whose bark and berries have a long history in folk medicine, especially for toothache, joint pain, and sluggish digestion. Modern scientific ev...

Read the full Northern Prickly Ash monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Burdock

Interacts with 122 drugs

Burdock is a traditional herb most often used for skin problems and as a so-called 'blood purifier,' but high-quality human studies are lacking and most claims are not well proven. It is wid...

Read the full Burdock monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Slippery Elm

Interacts with 2,022 drugs

Slippery elm is a traditional herbal remedy made from the inner bark of a North American elm tree, used mainly to soothe sore throats and irritated digestive tracts. Its mucilage can coat an...

Read the full Slippery Elm monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Pro-Essence's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 31 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Juniper 7 references
  1. Newall CA, Anderson LA, Philpson JD. Herbal Medicine: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. London, UK: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1996.
  2. The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
  3. Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
  4. Robbers JE, Tyler VE. Tyler's Herbs of Choice: The Therapeutic Use of Phytomedicinals. New York, NY: The Haworth Herbal Press, 1999.
  5. Sanchez de Medina F, Gamez MJ, Jimenez I, et al. Hypoglycemic activity of juniper "berries." Planta Med 1994;60:197-200. PubMed
  6. Swanston-Flatt SK, Day C, Bailey CJ, Flatt PR. Traditional plant treatments for diabetes. Studies in normal and streptozotocin diabetic mice. Diabetologia 1990;33:462-4. PubMed
  7. Tammaro A, Adebanjo GAR, Chello C, et al. Bullous dermatitis caused by common juniper. Contact Dermatitis. 2020. PubMed

See these in context on the Juniper monograph →

Uva Ursi 8 references
  1. Newall CA, Anderson LA, Philpson JD. Herbal Medicine: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. London, UK: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1996.
  2. Schulz V, Hansel R, Tyler VE. Rational Phytotherapy: A Physician's Guide to Herbal Medicine. Terry C. Telger, transl. 3rd ed. Berlin, GER: Springer, 1998.
  3. Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
  4. Wang L, Del Priore LV. Bull's-eye maculopathy secondary to herbal toxicity from uva ursi. Am J Ophthalmol 2004;137:1135-7. PubMed
  5. Beaux, D., Fleurentin, J., and Mortier, F. Effect of extracts of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth, Hieracium pilosella L., Sambucus nigra L. and Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. in rats. Phytother.Res 1999;13(3):222-225.
  6. de Arriba SG, Naser B, Nolte KU. Risk assessment of free hydroquinone derived from Arctostaphylos Uva-ursi folium herbal preparations. Int J Toxicol. 2013;32(6):442-453.
  7. Park JB, Kim D, Min JS, et al. Identification and characterization of in vitro inhibitors against UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 in uva-ursi extracts and evaluation of in vivo uva-ursi-drug interactions. Food Chem Toxicol. 2018;120:651-661. PubMed
  8. Chauhan B, Yu C, Krantis A, et al. In vitro activity of uva-ursi against cytochrome P450 isoenzymes and P-glycoprotein. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2007;85(11):1099-107.

See these in context on the Uva Ursi monograph →

Northern Prickly Ash 2 references
  1. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  2. Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.

See these in context on the Northern Prickly Ash monograph →

Burdock 11 references
  1. Iwakami S, Wu JB, Ebizuka Y, Sankawa U. Platelet activating factor (PAF) antagonists contained in medicinal plants: lignans and sesquiterpenes. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1992;40:1196-8. PubMed
  2. Sasaki Y, Kimura Y, Tsunoda T, Tagami H. Anaphylaxis due to burdock. Int J Dermatol 2003;42:472-3. PubMed
  3. Rhoads PM, Tong TG, Banner W Jr, Anderson R. Anticholinergic poisonings associated with commercial burdock root tea. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1984-85;22:581-4. PubMed
  4. Rodriguez P, Blanco J, Juste S, et al. Allergic contact dermatitis due to burdock (Arctium lappa). Contact Dermatitis 1995;33:134-5.
  5. Kassler, W. J., Blanc, P., and Greenblatt, R. The use of medicinal herbs by human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Arch Intern Med 1991;151(11):2281-2288. DOI
  6. Chan, Y. S., Cheng, L. N., Wu, J. H., Chan, E., Kwan, Y. W., Lee, S. M., Leung, G. P., Yu, P. H., and Chan, S. W. A review of the pharmacological effects of Arctium lappa (burdock). Inflammopharmacology. 2011;19(5):245-254. PubMed
  7. Breed, F. B. and Kuwabara, T. Burdock ophthalmia. Arch Ophthalmol 1966;75(1):16-20.
  8. Bryson, P. D., Watanabe, A. S., Rumack, B. H., and Murphy, R. C. Burdock root tea poisoning. Case report involving a commercial preparation. JAMA 5-19-1978;239(20):2157. DOI
  9. <p>Fletcher GF<span>, </span>Cantwell JD. Burdock root tea poisoning. JAMA <span>1978 Oct 6;240(15):1586.</span></p> DOI
  10. Latif A, Fichadiya H, Abid F, Capo G. Herbal Teas and Thrombocytopenia: A Curious Case of Yellow Dock and Burdock-Induced Thrombocytopenia. Eur J Case Rep Intern Med 2022;9(3):003247. PubMed
  11. Niazi B, Ahmed K, Ahmed M, Ali S, Song K, Elias S. Drug-Induced Liver Injury from Herbal Liver Detoxification Tea. Case Rep Gastroenterol 2022;16(3):612-617. PubMed

See these in context on the Burdock monograph →

Slippery Elm 3 references
  1. The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
  2. Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
  3. Czarnecki D, Nixon R, Bekhor P, and et al. Delayed prolonged contact urticaria from the elm tree. Contact Dermatitis 1993;28:196-197. PubMed

See these in context on the Slippery Elm monograph →

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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