Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Prostalyn Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Princess Lifestyle

Prostalyn label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Botanical
Most serious interaction: Major
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Prostalyn against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

Prostalyn is a dietary supplement by Princess Lifestyle with 6 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for immune support, colds and flu, upper respiratory infections.Based on those ingredients, 1,162 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Lycium, Astragalus, Saw Palmetto. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against Prostalyn by Princess Lifestyle

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Prostalyn by Princess Lifestyle — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Prostalyn by Princess Lifestyle

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 6 of its 6 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

Prostalyn contains six active ingredients. Astragalus, Stinging Nettle, Pygeum, and Saw Palmetto are traditionally used for prostate and urinary health.

Lycium (also called goji) is added for general wellness support. The product also includes gelatin as an inactive ingredient (the capsule material).

Does it work?

Strong evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Strong

Clinical evidence supports at least one of this product's ingredients for its stated purpose.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: support healthy prostate.
  • We looked for evidence on: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), Chronic prostatitis and chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS), Prostatitis, Non-neurogenic lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), prostate enlargement, urinary flow — and 1 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Pygeum is rated "Likely Effective" for Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Saw Palmetto is rated "Possibly Ineffective" for Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
  • Also on file: Stinging Nettle is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

The evidence for these ingredients varies widely. Pygeum is likely effective for benign prostate enlargement (BPH).

Saw Palmetto is possibly ineffective for BPH, though it may be possibly effective for TURP (a surgical procedure for the prostate). Stinging Nettle is possibly effective for diabetes.

For the other uses these ingredients are marketed for — such as Astragalus for allergies, asthma, or anemia, and Lycium for cardiovascular health or obesity — the evidence we hold is insufficient to rate them. Trichosanthes has no effectiveness data on file.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Astragalus Stinging Nettle Pygeum Saw Palmetto Chinese Cucumber Goji

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 6 of the 6 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 6 of 6.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 6 of 6.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Astragalus and Saw Palmetto are generally well tolerated short-term, though long-term safety data are limited for both. Stinging Nettle is generally well tolerated in most adults when used as directed, though reported side effects include constipation and diarrhea.

Lycium is generally safe as a food but has less safety data in concentrated supplement form; it has been linked in rare cases to allergic reactions (including anaphylaxis) and liver injury. Pygeum has been associated with nausea and abdominal pain in some studies, though rates were similar to placebo.

None of these ingredients should be used during pregnancy — Astragalus, Stinging Nettle, and Saw Palmetto all lack adequate safety data and have traditional concerns; Lycium should be avoided due to limited data and traditional reports of uterine effects. For breastfeeding, safety data are insufficient for all ingredients, so avoid use until you talk with your doctor or pharmacist.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Astragalus Stinging Nettle Pygeum Saw Palmetto Chinese Cucumber Goji

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 5 of the 6 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Chinese Cucumber, Stinging Nettle, Astragalus, Saw Palmetto, Goji.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; immunosuppressants / transplant drugs; diabetes medications; lithium.
  • For scale: 1,163 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking Prostalyn, check with your pharmacist if you take warfarin or other blood thinners (anticoagulants) — Lycium can increase bleeding risk and Saw Palmetto and Stinging Nettle may do so as well. Also double-check diabetes medications, as Astragalus and Stinging Nettle may increase the risk of low blood sugar.

If you take lithium (a mood stabilizer), antihypertensive drugs (blood pressure medication), or any heart medications including flecainide, or if your liver breaks down medications (CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, or CYP3A4 substrates), run this product through the interaction checker on this page first.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with clinical evidence supporting its stated purpose. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product is mainly for prostate and urinary support, with Pygeum having the strongest evidence. It carries significant medication interactions — especially with warfarin and diabetes drugs — so check your exact medications before starting.

Avoid during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Talk to your pharmacist if you take any prescription medications, blood thinners, mood stabilizers, or heart drugs.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 6 of 6 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Oct 1, 2012.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Prostalyn, straight from the product label.

Brand Princess Lifestyle
Barcode (UPC) 687729000049
Net contents 60 Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Oct 1, 2012
DSLD ID 12242
Product type Botanical
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult Male (18-50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Prostalyn by Princess Lifestyle, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
2 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
3 Capsule(s)
UPC/BARCODE
687729000049
IngredientAmount% DV
Astragalus45 mg--
Stinging Nettle500 mg--
Pygeum40 mg--
Saw Palmetto310 mg--
Trichosanthes50 mg--
Lycium45 mg--

Other ingredients: Gelatin

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Brand IP Statement(s)

PROSTALYN(R) is a unique formula that naturally supports a healthy prostate. Many scientific studies exist showing the beneficial effect of these herbal extracts. This product is a result of a world wide search for healing herbs.*

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

DIRECTIONS: As a dietary supplement. Take 2-3 capsules twice daily.

FDA Statement of Identity

A Dietary Supplement

Precautions

WARNING: Keep out of reach of children.

Do not use if outer seal band or inner safety seal is missing or damaged.

Storage

Store in a cool dry place.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

*These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

General Statements

MADE IN USA

Nhiep Ho Tuyen

Formula

Naturally supports for prostate health*

General

ITEM#90004 04

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Prostalyn by Princess Lifestyle label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Prostalyn label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Prostalyn by Princess Lifestyle

These are the 6 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size2 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Astragalus

Interacts with
208 drugs
45 mg per serving

Astragalus is a root used for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine, mainly to support the immune system and help the body cope with stress. While...

Astragalus monograph & interactions

Stinging Nettle

Interacts with
164 drugs
500 mg per serving

Stinging nettle is a common plant used as food and in traditional medicine, most often for prostate symptoms, allergies, and joint pain. The evidence...

Stinging Nettle monograph & interactions

Pygeum

No known
interactions
40 mg per serving

Pygeum is an extract from the bark of the African cherry tree that is most often used to ease urinary symptoms linked to an enlarged prostate. Some st...

Pygeum monograph & interactions

Saw Palmetto

Interacts with
174 drugs
310 mg per serving

Saw palmetto is a plant extract most often used for urinary symptoms linked to an enlarged prostate (BPH). The best research suggests it works no bett...

Saw Palmetto monograph & interactions

Trichosanthes

Interacts with
86 drugs
50 mg per serving

Chinese cucumber (Trichosanthes kirilowii) is a plant used in traditional Chinese medicine, and a protein from its root called trichosanthin (Compound...

Trichosanthes monograph & interactions

Lycium

Interacts with
1,000 drugs
45 mg per serving

Goji berries are a nutritious fruit rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and plant polysaccharides, and they are safe for most people as a food. While they...

Lycium monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Gelatin. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Prostalyn by Princess Lifestyle Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Prostalyn?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
1,162Drugs
2 Major 1,160 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Lycium 1,000
Astragalus 208
Saw Palmetto 174
Stinging Nettle 164
Trichosanthes 86

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Prostalyn interact with 1,162 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

5 of the 6 ingredients in Prostalyn interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Lycium Astragalus Saw Palmetto Stinging Nettle Trichosanthes

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Prostalyn with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Lycium8 drug types · 1,000 drugs

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Goji can increase the effects of warfarin and possibly increase the risk of bleeding.
There are at least 5 case reports of increased international normalized ratio (INR) in patients stabilized on warfarin who began drinking goji juice, concentrated goji tea, or goji wine. Goji may inhibit the metabolism of warfarin by cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9).

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of goji root bark, but not goji fruit, with antihypertensive drugs might have additive effects.
Animal and in vitro research suggest that goji root bark has hypotensive effects. However, goji fruit juice does not appear to reduce systolic or diastolic blood pressure in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (Cyp2C19) Substrates

Theoretically, goji berry might inhibit CYP2C19 and reduce metabolism of CYP2C19 substrates.
In vitro research shows that goji berry tincture and juice inhibit CYP2C19 enzymes. Concomitant use with goji may decrease metabolism and increase levels of CYP2C19 substrates. However, this has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates

Theoretically, goji berry might inhibit CYP2C9 and reduce metabolism of CYP2C9 substrates.
In vitro research shows that goji berry tincture and juice inhibit CYP2C9 enzymes. Additionally, multiple case reports suggest that goji berry concentrated tea and juice inhibit the metabolism of warfarin, a CYP2C9 substrate. Concomitant use with goji may decrease metabolism and increase levels of CYP2C9 substrates.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates

Theoretically, goji berry might inhibit CYP2D6 and reduce metabolism of CYP2D6 substrates.
In vitro research shows that goji berry juice inhibits CYP2D6 enzymes. Concomitant use with goji may decrease metabolism and increase levels of CYP2D6 substrates. However, this has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, goji berry might inhibit CYP3A4 and reduce metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
In vitro research shows that goji berry juice inhibits CYP3A4 enzymes. Concomitant use with goji may decrease metabolism and increase levels of CYP3A4 substrates. However, this has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Flecainide (Tambocor)

Theoretically, goji berry might increase the levels and clinical effects of flecainide.
In one case report, a 75-year-old patient stable on flecainide and warfarin presented to the emergency room with fainting and pleomorphic arrhythmia caused by flecainide toxicity. Flecainide toxicity was attributed to drinking 1-2 glasses of concentrated goji tea daily for 2 weeks. Theoretically, goji may have inhibited the cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) metabolism of flecainide.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of goji fruit polysaccharides or goji root bark with antidiabetes drugs might have additive effects.
Animal and in vitro research show that goji root bark and fruit polysaccharides might have hypoglycemic effects. However, clinical research has only shown that taking goji fruit polysaccharides with or without antidiabetes drugs modestly reduces postprandial glucose when compared with control, with no reports of hypoglycemia.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Lycium full monograph & interactions

Astragalus4 drug types · 208 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, taking astragalus with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Clinical research in humans shows that astragalus might have hypoglycemic effects. Theoretically, taking astragalus, especially in combination with other hypoglycemic agents, might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.

Likelihood Probable Evidence A
Cyclophosphamide

Theoretically, astragalus might interfere with cyclophosphamide therapy.
Evidence regarding the effect of astragalus on immunosuppression caused by cyclophosphamide is conflicting. Some animal research suggests that astragalus reverses cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression. However, other animal research shows no effect.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Immunosuppressants

Theoretically, astragalus might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Astragalus seems to stimulate immune function. Theoretically, taking astragalus might decrease the effects of immunosuppressive therapy.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Lithium

Theoretically, astragalus might increase levels and adverse effects of lithium.
Animal research suggests that astragalus has diuretic properties. Theoretically, due to this diuretic effect, astragalus might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Astragalus full monograph & interactions

Saw Palmetto3 drug types · 174 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Saw palmetto might increase the risk of bleeding with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Saw palmetto is reported to prolong bleeding time. Theoretically, it might increase the risk of bleeding when used concomitantly with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Contraceptive Drugs

Saw palmetto might reduce the effectiveness of contraceptive drugs.
Saw palmetto might have antiestrogenic effects. Theoretically, it might interfere with contraceptive drugs taken concomitantly.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Estrogens

Saw palmetto might reduce the effectiveness of estrogens.
Saw palmetto might have antiestrogenic effects. Theoretically, it might interfere with estrogens taken concomitantly.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Saw Palmetto full monograph & interactions

Stinging Nettle4 drug types · 164 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, stinging nettle might have additive effects with antidiabetes drugs.
Clinical research shows that stinging nettle might decrease blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Diuretic Drugs

Theoretically, combining stinging nettle with diuretic drugs may have additive effects.
Animal research suggests that the above ground parts and roots of stinging nettle may have a diuretic effect.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Lithium

Theoretically, stinging nettle might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium.
Animal research suggests that stinging nettle has diuretic and natriuretic properties, which could alter the excretion of lithium. The dose of lithium might need to be decreased.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

There is some concern that stinging nettle might decrease the effects of anticoagulant drugs such as warfarin.
Stinging nettle contains a significant amount of vitamin K. When taken in large quantities, this might interfere with the activity of warfarin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Stinging Nettle full monograph & interactions

Trichosanthes1 drug type · 86 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of Chinese cucumber with antidiabetic drugs may have additive effects and adverse effects. Monitor blood glucose levels closely, dose adjustment may be needed.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Trichosanthes full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Prostalyn, from the product label.

Princess Lifestyle

See all Princess Lifestyle products
Name
Princess Lifestyle, LLC
City
Baldwin Park
State
CA
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Prostalyn by Princess Lifestyle: Common Questions

Does Prostalyn by Princess Lifestyle interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Prostalyn has a known interaction with 1,162 medications, including 2 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Prostalyn contains 6 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is Prostalyn safe to take if I'm pregnant?
No — all the active ingredients in this product should be avoided during pregnancy. Astragalus, Stinging Nettle, Saw Palmetto, and Lycium all lack adequate safety data, and traditional use raises concerns about effects on the uterus. Talk with your doctor about safer options.
Can I take this while breastfeeding?
No — safety data are not established for any of these ingredients while breastfeeding. It's best to avoid this product and talk with your doctor or pharmacist about alternatives.
Does Pygeum in this product have side effects?
Pygeum has been associated with nausea and abdominal pain in some clinical studies, but the rates were similar to placebo, so they're uncommon.
What is Pygeum used for in this product?
Pygeum is included for prostate health. It's likely effective for benign prostate enlargement (BPH) — the most evidence-backed ingredient in this formula.
Does Stinging Nettle have common side effects?
Orally, stinging nettle is generally well tolerated. The most common side effects reported are constipation and diarrhea. Contact with the raw plant can cause itching, rash, and stinging, but the supplement form taken by mouth is mild.
What happens if I take this with my blood thinner?
This product should not be combined with warfarin or other blood thinners without your doctor's approval. Lycium can significantly increase warfarin's effects and bleeding risk — we have real case reports of this. Stinging Nettle and Saw Palmetto also raise theoretical concerns. Do not start this product if you take a blood thinner without checking first.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Prostalyn is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Prostalyn label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Prostalyn’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Astragalus

Interacts with 208 drugs

Astragalus is a root used for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine, mainly to support the immune system and help the body cope with stress. While early studies are interesting, strong h...

Read the full Astragalus monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Stinging Nettle

Interacts with 164 drugs

Stinging nettle is a common plant used as food and in traditional medicine, most often for prostate symptoms, allergies, and joint pain. The evidence is mixed and mostly preliminary, so it i...

Read the full Stinging Nettle monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Pygeum

Pygeum is an extract from the bark of the African cherry tree that is most often used to ease urinary symptoms linked to an enlarged prostate. Some studies suggest modest benefit for these s...

Read the full Pygeum monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Saw Palmetto

Interacts with 174 drugs

Saw palmetto is a plant extract most often used for urinary symptoms linked to an enlarged prostate (BPH). The best research suggests it works no better than a placebo for most men, though i...

Read the full Saw Palmetto monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Chinese Cucumber

Interacts with 86 drugs

Chinese cucumber (Trichosanthes kirilowii) is a plant used in traditional Chinese medicine, and a protein from its root called trichosanthin (Compound Q) has been studied as an injectable dr...

Read the full Chinese Cucumber monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Goji

Interacts with 1,000 drugs

Goji berries are a nutritious fruit rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and plant polysaccharides, and they are safe for most people as a food. While they are popular for eye health, immune supp...

Read the full Goji monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Prostalyn's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 79 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Astragalus 13 references
  1. Upton R, ed. Astragalus Root: Analytical, quality control, and therapeutic monograph. Santa Cruz, CA: American Herbal Pharmacopoeia. 1999:1-25.
  2. Khoo KS, Ang PT. Extract of astragalus membranaceus and ligustrum lucidum does not prevent cyclophosphamide-induced myelosuppression. Singapore Med J 1995;36:387-90.
  3. Chu DT, Wong WL, Mavligit GM. Immunotherapy with Chinese medicinal herbs. II. Reversal of cyclophosphamide-induced immune suppression by administration of fractionated Astragalus membranaceus in vivo. J Clin Lab Immunol 1988;25:125-9.
  4. Sun Y, Hersh EM, Lee SL, et al. Preliminary observations on the effects of the Chinese medicinal herbs Astragalus membranaceus and Ligustrum lucidum on lymphocyte blastogenic responses. J Biol Response Mod 1983;2:227-37..
  5. Ma J, Peng A, Lin S. Mechanisms of the therapeutic effect of astragalus membranaceus on sodium and water retention in experimental heart failure. Chin Med J (Engl) 1998;111:17-23.
  6. Matkovic Z, Zivkovic V, Korica M, et al. Efficacy and safety of Astragalus membranaceus in the treatment of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis. Phytother Res 2010;24:175-81.
  7. Zhang, J. G., Yang, N., He, H., Wei, G. H., Gao, D. S., Wang, X. L., Wang, X. Z., and Song, G. Y. [Effect of Astragalus injection on plasma levels of apoptosis-related factors in aged patients with chronic heart failure.]. Chin J Integr.Med 2005;11(3):18 PubMed
  8. Chen, H. W., Lin, I. H., Chen, Y. J., Chang, K. H., Wu, M. H., Su, W. H., Huang, G. C., and Lai, Y. L. A novel infusible botanically-derived drug, PG2, for cancer-related fatigue: a phase II double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled study. Clin Invest PubMed
  9. Tian H, Lu J, He H, et al.The effect of Astragalus as an adjuvant treatment in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A (preliminary) meta-analysis. J Ethnopharmacol. 2016;191:206-215. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.05.062. PubMed
  10. Hong KF, Liu PY, Zhang W, Gui DK, Xu YH. The Efficacy and Safety of Astragalus as an Adjuvant Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Integr Complement Med 2023. PubMed
  11. Chan KW, Kwong ASK, Tsui PN, et al. Add-on astragalus in type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease: A multi-center, assessor-blind, randomized controlled trial. Phytomedicine 2024;130:155457. PubMed
  12. Han X, Yu T, Chen X, Du Z, Yu M, Xiong J. Effect of Astragalus membranaceus on left ventricular remodeling in HFrEF: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2024;15:1345797. PubMed
  13. Jing P, Hongzheng H, Zhenqi WU, Meijuan Z, Zuojing LI, Gang C. Long-term efficacy and safety of Huangqi ()-based Traditional Chinese Medicine in diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Tradit Chin Med 2024;44(2):

See these in context on the Astragalus monograph →

Stinging Nettle 23 references
  1. Monographs on the medicinal uses of plant drugs. Exeter, UK: European Scientific Co-op Phytother, 1997.
  2. Newall CA, Anderson LA, Philpson JD. Herbal Medicine: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. London, UK: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1996.
  3. The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
  4. Schulz V, Hansel R, Tyler VE. Rational Phytotherapy: A Physician's Guide to Herbal Medicine. Terry C. Telger, transl. 3rd ed. Berlin, GER: Springer, 1998.
  5. Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
  6. Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
  7. Mittman P. Randomized, double-blind study of freeze-dried Urtica dioica in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Planta Med 1990;56:44-7.
  8. Vontobel HP, Herzog R, Rutishauser G, Kres H. [Results of a double-blind study on the effectiveness of ERU (extractum radicis Urticae) capsules in conservative treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia]. (Abstract). Urologe A 1985;24:49-51.
  9. Randall C, Randall H, Dobbs F, et al. Randomized controlled trial of nettle sting for treatment of base-of-thumb pain. J R Soc Med 2000;93:305-9. PubMed
  10. Caliskaner Z, Karaayvaz M, Ozturk S. Misuse of a herb: stinging nettle (Urtica urens) induced severe tongue oedema. Complement Ther Med 2004;12:57-8. PubMed
  11. Krzeski, T., Kazon, M., Borkowski, A., Witeska, A., and Kuczera, J. Combined extracts of Urtica dioica and Pygeum africanum in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: double-blind comparison of two doses. Clin Ther 1993;15(6):1011-1020.
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Pygeum 3 references
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Saw Palmetto 22 references
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  14. Mantovani, F. Serenoa repens in benign prostatic hypertrophy: analysis of 2 Italian studies. Minerva Urol.Nefrol. 2010;62(4):335-340.
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Chinese Cucumber 4 references
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  2. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
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  4. Jung YB, Roh KJ, Jung JA, et al. Effect of SKI 306X, a new herbal anti-arthritic agent, in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee: a double-blind placebo controlled study. Am J Chin Med. 2001;29(3-4):485-91. PubMed

See these in context on the Chinese Cucumber monograph →

Goji 14 references
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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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