Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 3 of 5 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Prunelax Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Garden House USA

Prunelax label
See full label image
Tablet Or Pill Category: Botanical
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 23, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Prunelax against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Prunelax is a dietary supplement by Garden House USA with 5 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for replacing fluids and electrolytes, preventing dehydration during exercise or illness, treating low blood sodium (under medical care).Based on those ingredients, 392 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Sodium, Senna, dried Plums extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against Prunelax by Garden House USA

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Prunelax by Garden House USA — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Prunelax by Garden House USA

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Partial disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Partial

Most active ingredients list an amount, but at least one is hidden in a blend or missing.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 4 of its 5 active ingredients.

Prunelax contains 5 active ingredients: sodium, proteins, dried plums extract, senna, and Alexandrian senna. The dried plums and senna are the main laxative ingredients — senna is a stimulant that prompts bowel movement, while dried plums work partly through bulk.

Sodium is present as a salt form (likely sodium starch glycolate in the inactive list). The product also contains several inactive ingredients including binders and a coating.

Does it work?

Strong evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Strong

Clinical evidence supports at least one of this product's ingredients for its stated purpose.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Relieves occasional constipation and maintains bowel regularity.
  • We looked for evidence on: Constipation, Bowel preparation, Postoperative ileus, Irregularity, Digestive regularity.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Senna is rated "Likely Effective" for Constipation (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Senna is rated "Possibly Effective" for Bowel preparation.
  • Also on file: Plum is rated "Possibly Effective" for Constipation.

Senna and Alexandrian senna are likely effective for constipation and possibly effective for bowel prep before procedures. Dried plums are possibly effective for constipation.

We don't have evidence data on file for sodium's role in this product's intended use, and the evidence for plums and senna in other conditions like bone health or heart disease is not established or is insufficient.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Sodium Plum Senna

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 3 of the 3 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 3 of 3.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 3 of 3.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Senna and Alexandrian senna are generally well tolerated for short-term occasional use, but shouldn't be used long-term daily without medical guidance — common side effects include cramping, diarrhea, flatulence, nausea, and belly discomfort. Dried plums are generally safe in normal amounts but can cause bloating, gas, and diarrhea; serious adverse effects like bowel obstruction are rare and mostly reported with whole dried plums in young children.

Sodium is essential but excess intake is linked to high blood pressure and heart strain; normal dietary amounts are fine, but sodium supplementation shouldn't be done without medical advice. Pregnancy and lactation data are limited — the product's senna ingredients have no pregnancy safety information on file, and dried plums in concentrated supplement form lack safety data in pregnancy, so talk with your doctor if you're pregnant or breastfeeding.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Sodium Plum Senna

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 3 of the 3 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Senna, Sodium, Plum.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; heart-rhythm medications; lithium.
  • For scale: 392 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before you take Prunelax, double-check with your pharmacist if you're on any blood pressure medications, blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs, lithium, corticosteroids, digoxin, diuretics, estrogens, or any sodium-containing medications. All of these have Moderate-severity interactions documented with ingredients in this product.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glancePartially disclosed formula with clinical evidence supporting its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

Prunelax is a stimulant laxative for short-term constipation relief and is likely effective for that use. If you take blood pressure medications, blood thinners, lithium, heart medications like digoxin, estrogens, diuretics, or any sodium-containing drug, you need to check with your pharmacist before starting — the sodium and senna ingredients have documented interactions.

It's designed for occasional short-term use, not daily long-term use.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 4 of 5 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Feb 24, 2017.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Prunelax, straight from the product label.

Brand Garden House USA
Net contents 60 Tablet(s); 1.57 oz.; 44.4 Gram(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Feb 24, 2017
DSLD ID 70329
Product type Botanical
Supplement form Tablet Or Pill
Dietary claims / uses All Other
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Prunelax by Garden House USA, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
2 Tablet(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
2 Tablet(s)
Servings per container
30
IngredientAmount% DV
Calories0.74 Calorie(s)1%
Total Carbohydrates1 Gram(s)--
Sodium0 mg--
Total Fat0.02 Gram(s)--
Proteins0.02 Gram(s)1%
dried Plums extract125 mg--
Senna960 mg--
Alexandrian Senna180 mg--

Other ingredients: Sodium Starch Glycolate, Polyvinylpyrrolidone, Copolyvidone, Opadry NS Clear, Silicon Dioxide, Colloidal, Sodium Lauryl Sulphate

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements

Prunelax takes effect within 8 10 12 hours.

Effective yet gentle laxative

Natural laxative. Relieves occasional constipation (irregularity)

To report a serious adverse event or obtain product information, please contact Garden House USA Inc.

Formula

Senna & Dried Plum Advanced Formula

Sennosides per tablet 15 mg

Pruenlax (Ciruelax) tablets contains dried plums extract and herbs which help you maintain bowel regularity.

Warnings: This product contain Senna.

FDA Statement of Identity

Dried Plum and Senna Supplement

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Directions: Adults and children 15 years of age and over take 1 to 3 tablets before bedtime. Follow with a glass of water of juice. Do not exceed recommended dosage.

Precautions

Do not exceed recommended dosage.

Children under 15 years of age: consult a doctor.

Warnings: This product contain Senna. Read and follow package direction carefully. Stop use and see a doctor if diarrhea, lose stools or stomach pain develop. If you have noticed a sudden change in bowel habits that persists over two weeks, consult a doctor before using laxatives. Rectal bleeding or failure to have a bowel movement after use of a laxative may indicate a serious condition. Discontinue use and consult a doctor.

Consult a doctor before using this product if you are pregnant,nursing, taking medication or have medical conditions.

Keep out of reach of children

Not to be used as food Not use if imprinted under cap is broken

Storage

Store in a dry and cool place

Brand IP Statement(s)

Ciruelax

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Prunelax by Garden House USA label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Prunelax label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Prunelax by Garden House USA

These are the 5 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size2 Tablet(s) Dosage formTablet Or Pill Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Sodium

Interacts with
205 drugs
0 mg per serving

Sodium is an essential mineral and electrolyte your body needs to balance fluids, support nerves, and help muscles work. Most people in modern diets g...

Sodium monograph & interactions

Proteins

0.02 Gram(s) per serving

Dried Plums extract

Interacts with
122 drugs
125 mg per serving Form: Prunes extract

Plums and their dried form (prunes) are common, nutritious foods that are best known for helping relieve constipation thanks to their fiber and sorbit...

Dried Plums extract monograph & interactions

Senna

Interacts with
140 drugs
960 mg per serving

Senna is a plant-based stimulant laxative that is widely used and generally effective for short-term relief of constipation. It is best used occasiona...

Senna monograph & interactions

Alexandrian Senna

Interacts with
140 drugs
180 mg per serving

Senna is a plant-based stimulant laxative that is widely used and generally effective for short-term relief of constipation. It is best used occasiona...

Alexandrian Senna monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Sodium Starch Glycolate, Polyvinylpyrrolidone, Copolyvidone, Opadry NS Clear, Silicon Dioxide, Colloidal, Sodium Lauryl Sulphate. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Prunelax by Garden House USA Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Prunelax?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

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392Drugs
392 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Sodium 205
Senna 140
dried Plums extract 122

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Prunelax interact with 392 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

3 of the 5 ingredients in Prunelax interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Sodium Senna dried Plums extract

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Prunelax with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Sodium7 drug types · 205 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, a high intake of dietary sodium might reduce the effectiveness of antihypertensive drugs.
High intake of dietary sodium can increase systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Also, high intake of sodium may necessitate increased use of antihypertensive medications to achieve blood pressure control in some patients, such as those with chronic kidney disease.

Likelihood Probable Evidence A
Corticosteroids

Concomitant use of mineralocorticoids and some glucocorticoids with sodium supplements might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Mineralocorticoids and some glucocorticoids (corticosteroids) cause sodium retention. This effect is dose-related and depends on mineralocorticoid potency. It is most common with hydrocortisone, cortisone, and fludrocortisone, followed by prednisone and prednisolone.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Didanosine (Videx)

Concomitant use of didanosine with additional sodium from dietary or supplemental sources may increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Didanosine formulations contain a significant amount of sodium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Lithium

Altering dietary intake of sodium might alter the levels and clinical effects of lithium.
High sodium intake can reduce plasma concentrations of lithium by increasing lithium excretion. Reducing sodium intake can significantly increase plasma concentrations of lithium and cause lithium toxicity in patients being treated with lithium carbonate. Stabilizing sodium intake is shown to reduce the percentage of patients with lithium level fluctuations above 0.8 mEq/L. Patients taking lithium should avoid significant alterations in their dietary intake of sodium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Sodium Phosphates

Theoretically, concomitant use of sodium phosphate with sodium supplements might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Use of high doses (> 45 mL in 24 hours) of sodium phosphate, such as those used for bowel cleansing before surgery, can lead to serious electrolyte disturbances, including hypernatremia. The risk of hypernatremia is highest in the elderly and people with other risk factors for electrolyte disturbances.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Sodium-Containing Drugs

Concomitant use of sodium-containing drugs with additional sodium from dietary or supplemental sources may increase the risk of hypernatremia and long-term sodium-related complications.
The Chronic Disease Risk Reduction (CDRR) intake level of 2.3 grams of sodium daily indicates the intake at which it is believed that chronic disease risk increases for the apparently healthy population. Some medications contain high quantities of sodium. When used in conjunction with sodium supplements or high-sodium diets, the CDRR may be exceeded. Additionally, concomitant use may increase the risk for hypernatremia; this risk is highest in the elderly and people with other risk factors for electrolyte disturbances.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Tolvaptan (Samsca)

Theoretically, concomitant use of tolvaptan with sodium might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Tolvaptan is a vasopressin receptor 2 antagonist that is used to increase sodium levels in patients with hyponatremia. Patients taking tolvaptan should use caution with the use of sodium salts such as sodium chloride.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Sodium full monograph & interactions

Senna5 drug types · 140 drugs

Digoxin (Lanoxin)

Theoretically, senna might increase the risk of adverse effects when taken with digoxin.
Overuse/abuse of senna increases the risk of adverse effects from cardiac glycosides, such as digoxin, due to potassium depletion.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Diuretic Drugs

Theoretically, senna might increase the risk of hypokalemia when taken with diuretic drugs.
Overuse of senna might compound diuretic-induced potassium loss and increase the risk for hypokalemia.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Estrogens

Theoretically, taking senna may interfere with the absorption of exogenous estrogens.
Some preliminary clinical evidence suggests that senna reduces the absorption of estradiol and decreases serum concentrations of estrone and estrone sulfate by decreasing intestinal transit time.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Stimulant Laxatives

Theoretically, senna might increase the risk for fluid and electrolyte loss when taken with other stimulant laxatives.
Senna is a stimulant laxative; concomitant use with other stimulant laxatives might compound fluid and electrolyte loss.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, excessive use of senna might increase the effects of warfarin.
Senna has stimulant laxative effects and can cause diarrhea. Diarrhea can increase the effects of warfarin, increase international normalized ratio (INR), and increase the risk of bleeding. In one case report, excessive use of senna for 3 weeks resulted in diarrhea, bloody stools, and an elevated INR of 11.9.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Senna full monograph & interactions

dried Plums extract1 drug type · 122 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, plum juice might have antiplatelet effects.
Consuming plum juice while taking anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs might increase the risk of bruising and bleeding. In healthy volunteers, drinking plum juice 200 mL daily for 28 days prolonged clotting time and inhibited platelet aggregation.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
dried Plums extract full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Prunelax, from the product label.

Garden House USA

See all Garden House USA products
Name
Laboratorios Garden House Farmaceutica S.A.
Street Address
Avda. Pdte. J. Alessandri R.
City
San Bernardo
ZipCode
12310
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Prunelax by Garden House USA: Common Questions

Does Prunelax by Garden House USA interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Prunelax has a known interaction with 392 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Prunelax contains 5 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is this safe to use long-term?
No. Senna and Alexandrian senna are meant for short-term occasional use only, not daily long-term use without medical advice. Overuse can deplete potassium and electrolytes and cause serious side effects.
Can I take this if I'm on a blood thinner like warfarin?
You need to check with your pharmacist first. The senna in Prunelax can increase warfarin's effects and bleeding risk, especially with excessive use. And the dried plums may also prolong clotting time. Don't start without guidance.
What are the most common side effects?
Cramping, diarrhea, flatulence, nausea, belly discomfort, and changes in urine color. These are normal with stimulant laxatives when used as directed.
Is this safe in pregnancy?
We don't have enough safety data on file for senna in pregnancy, and dried plums in concentrated supplement form lack safety data too. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist if you're pregnant or breastfeeding.
Does this have any fillers?
Yes. The inactive ingredients include binders like sodium starch glycolate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and a tablet coating (Opadry NS Clear), plus silicon dioxide and sodium lauryl sulfate.
Can I take this with my diuretic or heart medication?
You need to check with your pharmacist first. Senna can worsen potassium loss from diuretics, and it can increase the risk of serious side effects from heart medications like digoxin. Don't assume it's safe.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Prunelax label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Prunelax’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Sodium

Interacts with 205 drugs

Sodium is an essential mineral and electrolyte your body needs to balance fluids, support nerves, and help muscles work. Most people in modern diets get more than enough—often too much—from...

Read the full Sodium monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Plum

Interacts with 122 drugs

Plums and their dried form (prunes) are common, nutritious foods that are best known for helping relieve constipation thanks to their fiber and sorbitol content. They are generally safe as f...

Read the full Plum monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Senna

Interacts with 140 drugs

Senna is a plant-based stimulant laxative that is widely used and generally effective for short-term relief of constipation. It is best used occasionally and for only a few days at a time, s...

Read the full Senna monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Prunelax's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 90 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Sodium 38 references
  1. Garabedian-Ruffalo SM, Ruffalo RL. Drug and nutrient interactions. Am Fam Physician 1986;33:165-74.
  2. Food and Drug Administration Science Background: Safety of Sodium Phosphates Oral Solution. September 17, 2001. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/safety/sodiumphospate.htm
  3. Coton T, Mallaret C, Coilliot C, Carre D, Guisset M. Severe acute ulcerated gastritis induced by salt. Presse Med 2009;38(3):499-500. PubMed
  4. Frings-Meuthen P, Buehlmeier J, Baecker N, et al. High sodium chloride intake exacerbates immobilization-induced bone resorption and protein losses. J Appl Physiol 2011;111(2):537-542. PubMed
  5. Frings-Meuthen P, Baecker N, Heer M. Low-grade metabolic acidosis may be the cause of sodium chloride-induced exaggerated bone resorption. J Bone Miner Res 2008;23(4):517-524. PubMed
  6. Alam S, Johnson AG. A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCT) among healthy normotensive and essential hypertensive elderly patients to determine the effect of high salt (NaCl) diet of blood pressure. J Hum Hypertens 1999;13(6):367-74.
  7. Boudville N, Ward S, Benaroia M, House AA. Increased sodium intake correlates with greater use of antihypertensive agents by subjects with chronic kidney disease. Am J Hypertens 2005;18(10):1300-5. PubMed
  8. Bennett WM. Drug interactions and consequences of sodium restriction. Am J Clin Nutr 1997;65(2 Suppl):678S-681S. PubMed
  9. Okusa MD, Crystal LJ. Clinical manifestations and management of acute lithium intoxication. Am J Med 1994;97(4):383-9. PubMed
  10. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary reference intakes for water, potassium, sodium, chloride, and sulfate. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2005. Available at: http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10925. DOI
  11. D'Elia L, Rossi G, Ippolito R, Cappuccio FP, Strazzullo P. Habitual salt intake and risk of gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Clin Nutr 2012;31(4):489-98. PubMed
  12. Goldsmith SR. Hyponatremia in heart failure: time for a trial. J Card Fail 2013;19(6):398-400. PubMed
  13. Willocks L, Brettle R, Keen J, Valentine C, Pinching AJ. Formulations of didanosine (ddI) and salt overload. Lancet 1992;339(8786):190.
  14. Chen L, Zhang Z, Chen W, Whelton PK, Appel LJ. Lower Sodium Intake and Risk of Headaches: Results From the Trial of Nonpharmacologic Interventions in the Elderly. Am J Public Health. 2016;106(7):1270-5. PubMed
  15. Cook NR, Appel LJ, Whelton PK. Lower levels of sodium intake and reduced cardiovascular risk. Circulation. 2014;129(9):981-9. PubMed
  16. Cook NR, Appel LJ, Whelton PK. Sodium Intake and All-Cause Mortality Over 20 Years in the Trials of Hypertension Prevention. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;68(15):1609-1617. PubMed
  17. Mente A, O'Donnell M, Rangarajan S, et al. Associations of urinary sodium excretion with cardiovascular events in individuals with and without hypertension: a pooled analysis of data from four studies. Lancet. 2016;388(10043):465-75. PubMed
  18. Moosavian SP, Haghighatdoost F, Surkan PJ, Azadbakht L. Salt and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2017;68(3):265-277. PubMed
  19. O'Donnell M, Mente A, Rangarajan S, et al. Urinary sodium and potassium excretion, mortality, and cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(7):612-23. DOI
  20. Poggio R, Gutierrez L, Matta MG, Elorriaga N, Irazola V, Rubinstein A. Daily sodium consumption and CVD mortality in the general population: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Public Health Nutr. 2015;18(4):695-704. PubMed
  21. Stallings VA, Harrison M, Oria M; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium, Food and Nutrition Board, Health and Medicine Division, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington (DC): National Acad
  22. Mahtani KR, Heneghan C, Onakpoya I, et al. Reduced Salt Intake for Heart Failure: A Systematic Review. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Dec 1;178(12):1693-1700. PubMed
  23. Yancy CW. Sodium Restriction in Heart Failure: Too Much Uncertainty-Do the Trials. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Dec 1;178(12):1700-1701. PubMed
  24. He FJ, Campbell NRC, Ma Y, MacGregor GA, Cogswell ME, Cook NR. Errors in estimating usual sodium intake by the Kawasaki formula alter its relationship with mortality: implications for public health. Int J Epidemiol. 2018;47(6):1784-1795. PubMed
  25. Murthy K, Ondrey GJ, Malkani N, et al. THE EFFECTS OF HYPONATREMIA ON BONE DENSITY AND FRACTURES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS. Endocr Pract. 2019;25(4):366-378. PubMed
  26. Messerli FH, Hofstetter L, Syrogiannouli L, et al. Sodium intake, life expectancy, and all-cause mortality. Eur Heart J 2021;42(21):2103-2112. PubMed
  27. Graudal NA, Hubeck-Graudal T, Jurgens G. Effects of low sodium diet versus high sodium diet on blood pressure, renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, cholesterol, and triglyceride. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020;12(12):CD004022. PubMed
  28. Giatti S, Santos RB, Aielo AN, et al. Association of sodium with obstructive sleep apnea. The ELSA-Brasil study. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2021;18(3):502-510. PubMed
  29. Nan X, Lu H, Wu J, et al. The interactive association between sodium intake, alcohol consumption and hypertension among elderly in northern China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2021;21(1):135. PubMed
  30. Kyozuka H, Fukusda T, Murata T, et al. Impact of preconception sodium intake on hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: The Japan Environment and Children's study. Pregnancy Hypertens 2021;23:66-72. PubMed
  31. Zhao L, Ogden CL, Yang Q, et al. Association of usual sodium intake with obesity among US children and adolescents, NHANES 2009-2016. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021;29(3):587-594. PubMed
  32. Ma Y, He FJ, Sun Q, et al. 24-Hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion and cardiovascular risk. N Engl J Med 2022;386(3):252-263. PubMed
  33. Liu J, Yang X, Zhang P, et al. Association of urinary sodium excretion and left ventricular hypertrophy in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021;12:728493. PubMed
  34. Filippini T, Malavolti M, Whelton PK, Vinceti M. Sodium intake and risk of hypertension: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational cohort studies. Curr Hypertens Rep 2022;24(5):133-144. PubMed
  35. Wang DD, Li Y, Nguyen XT, et al. Dietary sodium and potassium intake and risk of non-fatal cardiovascular diseases: The million veteran program. Nutrients 2022;14(5):1121. PubMed
  36. Kwak JH, Park CH, Eun CS, et al. The associations of dietary intake of high sodium and low zinc with gastric cancer mortality: A prospective cohort study in Korea. Nutr Cancer 2022;74(10):3501-3508. PubMed
  37. George S, Maiti R, Mishra BR, Jena M, Mohapatra D. Effect of regulated add-on sodium chloride intake on stabilization of serum lithium concentration in bipolar disorder: A randomized controlled trial. Bipolar Disord 2023;25(1):66-75. PubMed
  38. Zhou TL, Schütten MTJ, Kroon AA, et al. Urinary Sodium Excretion and Salt Intake Are Not Associated With Blood Pressure Variability in a White General Population. J Am Heart Assoc 2023;12(1):e026578. PubMed

See these in context on the Sodium monograph →

Plum 10 references
  1. Lever E, Cole J, Scott SM, Emery PW, Whelan K. Systematic review: the effect of prunes on gastrointestinal function. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2014;40(7):750-8. PubMed
  2. Hooshmand S, Chai SC, Saadat RL, et al. Comparative effects of dried plum and dried apple on bone in postmenopausal women. Br J Nutr. 2011;106(6):923-30. PubMed
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See these in context on the Plum monograph →

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See these in context on the Senna monograph →

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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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