Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 3 of 4 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Stars 'N Pipes Back in Black Lemonade Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by 'Merica Labz

Stars 'N Pipes Back in Black Lemonade label
See full label image
Powder Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Stars 'N Pipes Back in Black Lemonade against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Stars 'N Pipes Back in Black Lemonade is a dietary supplement by 'Merica Labz with 4 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for constipation (laxative), dry skin (moisturizer), dry, irritated eyes.Based on those ingredients, 500 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Pine Bark Extract, L-Citrulline. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against Stars 'N Pipes Back in Black Lemonade by 'Merica Labz

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Stars 'N Pipes Back in Black Lemonade by 'Merica Labz — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Stars 'N Pipes Back in Black Lemonade by 'Merica Labz

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 4 of its 4 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

Stars 'N Pipes Back in Black Lemonade is a 4-ingredient powder. HydroPrime is glycerol, a naturally derived compound that may help with hydration and athletic performance.

Pine Bark Extract and Nitrosigine support blood flow and muscle function. L-citrulline, an amino acid, converts in your body to another amino acid (L-arginine) that widens blood vessels.

The inactive ingredients are silicon dioxide, citric acid, natural and artificial flavorings, sucralose, and acesulfame potassium.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Muscle pump and athletic performance support.
  • We looked for evidence on: Athletic performance, Muscle strength, Muscle endurance, Nitric oxide enhancement.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Glycerol is rated "Possibly Effective" for Athletic performance (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: L-citrulline is rated "Possibly Effective" for Athletic performance.
  • Also on file: Maritime Pine is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Athletic performance.

L-citrulline is possibly effective for athletic performance, based on available evidence. HydroPrime (glycerol) is likely effective for constipation and possibly effective for athletic performance and a skin condition called ichthyosis.

For cardiovascular health, heart function, and diabetes, the evidence for L-citrulline is insufficient to say whether it works. We don't hold effectiveness data on Pine Bark Extract or Nitrosigine.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Glycerol Maritime Pine L-citrulline

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 3 of the 3 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 3 of 3.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 3 of 3.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

HydroPrime (glycerol) is generally well tolerated in normal amounts, though large doses can cause stomach upset, bloating, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and headache. Talk to your doctor before using medicinal amounts.

L-citrulline is generally well tolerated in healthy adults. However, the safety data advises against use during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Long-term safety isn't fully studied. Reported side effects include gastrointestinal discomfort, heartburn, and rarely cough.

We don't hold pregnancy or breastfeeding data on the other ingredients.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Glycerol Maritime Pine L-citrulline

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 2 of the 3 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Maritime Pine, L-citrulline.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; immunosuppressants / transplant drugs; diabetes medications.
  • For scale: 500 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Check your medications if you take blood pressure drugs (antihypertensives) or erectile dysfunction medications like sildenafil or tadalafil — both carry a Moderate risk of additive blood vessel widening and low blood pressure. We could not check Pine Bark Extract or Nitrosigine for interactions, so mention those names to your pharmacist too.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product is built around L-citrulline for blood flow and athletic performance. If you take blood pressure medication or erectile dysfunction drugs, check with your pharmacist first — L-citrulline can amplify their effects.

Pregnant or breastfeeding? The safety data on L-citrulline advises against it; talk to your doctor or pharmacist.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 3 of 4 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jul 24, 2025.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Stars 'N Pipes Back in Black Lemonade, straight from the product label.

Brand 'Merica Labz
Barcode (UPC) 658580070519
Net contents 12.7 Ounce(s); 360 Gram(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jul 24, 2025
DSLD ID 332827
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Powder
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Women (not pregnant or lactating)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Stars 'N Pipes Back in Black Lemonade by 'Merica Labz, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
18 Gram(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
18 Gram(s)
Servings per container
20
UPC/BARCODE
658580070519
IngredientAmount% DV
HydroPrime5000 mg--
Pine Bark Extract250 mg--
Nitrosigine1500 mg--
L-Citrulline6000 mg--

Other ingredients: Silicon Dioxide, Citric Acid, Natural & Artificial flavoring, Sucralose, Acesulfame Potassium

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Brand IP Statement(s)

'Merica Labz Never Big Enough

HydroPrime TM is a trademark of NNB Nutrition. The Nitrosigine name and logo are registered trademarks of Nutrition 21, LLC. Nitrosigine is patent protected.

General Statements

Few things scream 'Merica - or freedom - like crushing a workout while wearing a pair of American flag sweatpants and a bald eagle bandana. Considering that's your everyday workout attire, that essentially makes you a freedom fighter, son. And freedom fighters can't contribute to the fight for freedom with a couple of puny small arms - they need the KABOOM! Big munitions. Well, freedom fighter, meet your best weapon in the fight against skinny arms: Stars 'N Pipes, a stim-free explosive pump agent fit for a real 'Merican hero. Stars 'N Pipes is like mixing a couple hundred lbs of TNT with Bruce Willis from Die Hard, throwing some fruit in there, and putting it all in a powder. Yeah... it's that good.

Formulation

Well, freedom fighter, meet your best weapon in the fight against skinny arms: Stars 'N Pipes, a stim-free explosive pump agent fit for a real 'Merican hero.

High explosive pump agent

Manufactured in a U.S. cGMP facility.

Precautions

Warning: Consuming this product can expose you to chemicals including lead, which is known to the state of California to cause cancer. For more information, go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.

Warning: This product is only intended for use in healthy adults 18 years of age or older.

Pregnant or nursing women should not use this product. Consult your healthcare provider before using this product, especially if you are taking any prescription, over the counter medication, dietary supplement product, or if you have any pre-existing medical condition including but not limited to: high or low blood pressure, cardiac arrhythmia, stroke, heart, liver, kidney or thyroid disease, seizure disorder, psychiatric disease, diabetes, difficulty urinating due to prostate enlargement, or if you are taking a MAOI (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor) or any other medication.

Immediately discontinue use and consult your health care professional if you experience adverse reaction to this product. Do not exceed recommended serving. Do not use if safety seal is broken or missing.

Keep out of reach of children.

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Directions: Mix 1 scoop with 10-16 ounces of water and consume approximately 15-30 minutes prior to your workout.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Formula

Back in black lemonade Naturally & artificially flavored

HydroPrime Nitrosigine

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Stars 'N Pipes Back in Black Lemonade by 'Merica Labz label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Stars 'N Pipes Back in Black Lemonade label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Stars 'N Pipes Back in Black Lemonade by 'Merica Labz

These are the 4 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size18 Gram(s) Dosage formPowder Servings per container20 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

HydroPrime

No known
interactions
5000 mg per serving Form: Glycerol, Powder

Glycerol (glycerin) is a sweet, syrupy compound made naturally in the body and widely used in foods, skin products, and medicines. It is well establis...

HydroPrime monograph & interactions

Pine Bark Extract

Interacts with
327 drugs
250 mg per serving Form: Proanthocyandins

Maritime pine bark extract (often sold as Pycnogenol) is a plant-based antioxidant most studied for circulation, vein, and skin health. Some research...

Pine Bark Extract monograph & interactions

Nitrosigine

1500 mg per serving Form: Inositol Arginine Silicate

L-Citrulline

Interacts with
178 drugs
6000 mg per serving

L-citrulline is an amino acid that the body turns into L-arginine to help make nitric oxide, which relaxes blood vessels and may improve blood flow. I...

L-Citrulline monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Silicon Dioxide, Citric Acid, Natural & Artificial flavoring, Sucralose, Acesulfame Potassium. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Stars 'N Pipes Back in Black Lemonade by 'Merica Labz Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Stars 'N Pipes Back in Black Lemonade?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
500Drugs
500 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Pine Bark Extract 327
L-Citrulline 178

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Stars 'N Pipes Back in Black Lemonade interact with 500 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

2 of the 4 ingredients in Stars 'N Pipes Back in Black Lemonade interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Pine Bark Extract L-Citrulline

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Stars 'N Pipes Back in Black Lemonade with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Pine Bark Extract3 drug types · 327 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Clinical research suggests that maritime pine bark extract inhibits platelet aggregation. However, the clinical significance of this effect is unclear.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
One clinical study shows that maritime pine bark extract decreases blood sugar in patients with diabetes being treated with antidiabetes agents. Monitor blood glucose levels closely. Dose adjustments might be necessary.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Immunosuppressants

Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
In vitro and animal research suggests that maritime pine bark extract has immunostimulant activity. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Pine Bark Extract full monograph & interactions

L-Citrulline2 drug types · 178 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of L-citrulline with antihypertensive drugs might have additive effects and increase the chance of hypotension.
L-citrulline is converted to L-arginine, which can increase nitric oxide and cause vasodilation. However, a meta-analysis of 5 small clinical studies suggests that taking L-citrulline 3-6 grams daily for 1-8 weeks does not lower blood pressure when compared with control.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors

Theoretically, concurrent use of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors and L-citrulline might result in additive vasodilation.
L-citrulline is converted to L-arginine, which can increase nitric oxide and cause vasodilation. Theoretically, taking L-arginine with PDE-5 inhibitors might have additive vasodilatory and hypotensive effects. However, in studies evaluating the combined use of L-arginine and sildenafil for erectile dysfunction, hypotension was not reported.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
L-Citrulline full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Stars 'N Pipes Back in Black Lemonade, from the product label.

'Merica Labz

Name
'Merica Labz, LLC
City
Statesville
State
NC
ZipCode
28625
Phone Number
844-445-5335
Web Address
www.MericaLabz.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Stars 'N Pipes Back in Black Lemonade by 'Merica Labz: Common Questions

Does Stars 'N Pipes Back in Black Lemonade by 'Merica Labz interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Stars 'N Pipes Back in Black Lemonade has a known interaction with 500 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Stars 'N Pipes Back in Black Lemonade contains 4 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Will this help my workouts?
L-citrulline is possibly effective for athletic performance. HydroPrime (glycerol) is also possibly effective for athletic performance. The evidence is limited, so results vary by person.
Can I take this if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
The safety data advises against L-citrulline during pregnancy and breastfeeding. We don't have pregnancy or breastfeeding data on the other ingredients. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist for personalized advice.
What's HydroPrime?
HydroPrime is glycerol, a compound that can help your body retain water. It's also been studied for athletic performance. In large doses it may cause stomach upset, so stick to normal amounts.
Does this have any common side effects?
L-citrulline may cause gastrointestinal discomfort or heartburn. HydroPrime can cause bloating, diarrhea, nausea, or dizziness, especially in larger amounts. Most people tolerate normal doses well.
What does L-citrulline actually do?
Your body converts L-citrulline into L-arginine, which widens your blood vessels and improves blood flow. This is why it's studied for athletic performance and why it can interact with blood pressure and erectile dysfunction drugs.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Stars 'N Pipes Back in Black Lemonade is safe with your meds?

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Ask a pharmacist

Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Stars 'N Pipes Back in Black Lemonade label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Stars 'N Pipes Back in Black Lemonade’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Glycerol

Glycerol (glycerin) is a sweet, syrupy compound made naturally in the body and widely used in foods, skin products, and medicines. It is well established as a laxative and a skin and eye moi...

Read the full Glycerol monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Maritime Pine

Interacts with 327 drugs

Maritime pine bark extract (often sold as Pycnogenol) is a plant-based antioxidant most studied for circulation, vein, and skin health. Some research is promising, but many studies are small...

Read the full Maritime Pine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

L-citrulline

Interacts with 178 drugs

L-citrulline is an amino acid that the body turns into L-arginine to help make nitric oxide, which relaxes blood vessels and may improve blood flow. It is popular for exercise performance an...

Read the full L-citrulline monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Stars 'N Pipes Back in Black Lemonade's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 30 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Glycerol 8 references
  1. McEvoy GK, ed. AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1998.
  2. Wagner DR. Hyperhydrating with glycerol: implications for athletic performance. J Am Diet Assoc 1999;99:207-12. PubMed
  3. Yu YL, Kumana CR, Lauder IJ, et al. Treatment of acute cortical infarct with intravenous glycerol. A double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial. Stroke 1993;24:1119-24. PubMed
  4. Frei A, Cottier C, Wunderlich P, Ludin E. Glycerol and dextran combined in the therapy of acute stroke. A placebo-controlled, double-blind trial with a planned interim analysis. Stroke 1987;18:373-9. PubMed
  5. Balaskas E, Szepietowski JC, Bessis D, Ioannides D, Ponticelli C, Ghienne C, Taberly A, Dupuy P. Randomized, double-blind study with glycerol and paraffin in uremic xerosis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011 Apr;6(4):748-52. PubMed
  6. Blanchet-Bardon C, Tadini G, Machado Matos M, Delarue A. Association of glycerol and paraffin in the treatment of ichthyosis in children: an international, multicentric, randomized, controlled, double-blind study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2012 Aug;26 PubMed
  7. Kajita N, Kanamori K, Yamamoto S, Yoshida K. Generalized Urticaria Caused by a Glycerin Enema in an Infant. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2022;32(4):318-319. PubMed
  8. Suzuki R, Fukuyama K, Miyazaki Y, Namiki T. Contact urticaria syndrome and protein contact dermatitis caused by glycerin enema. JAAD Case Reports. 2016;2:108-10. PubMed

See these in context on the Glycerol monograph →

Maritime Pine 14 references
  1. Rice-Evans CA, Packer L, eds. Flavonoids in Health and Disease. Manhattan, NY: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1998.
  2. Liu FJ, Zhang YX, Lau BH. Pycnogenol enhances immune and haemopoietic functions in senescence-accelerated mice. Cell Mol Life Sci 1998;54:1168-72. PubMed
  3. Putter M, Grotemeyer KH, Wurthwein G, et al. Inhibition of smoking-induced platelet aggregation by aspirin and pycnogenol. Thromb Res 1999;95:155-61. PubMed
  4. Kohama T, Inoue M. Pycnogenol alleviates pain associated with pregnancy. Phytother Res 2006;20:232-4.
  5. Liu X, Zhou HJ, Rohdewald P. French maritime pine bark extract pycnogenol dose-dependently lowers glucose in type 2 diabetic patients (letter). Diabetes Care 2004;27:839. PubMed
  6. Liu X, Wei J, Tan F, et al. Antidiabetic effect of Pycnogenol French maritime pine bark extract in patients with diabetes type II. Life Sci 2004;75:2505-13. PubMed
  7. Wilson D, Evans M, Guthrie N et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled exploratory study to evaluate the potential of pycnogenol for improving allergic rhinitis symptoms. Phytother Res 2010;24:1115-9.
  8. Araghi-Niknam, M., Hosseini, S., Larson, D., Rohdewald, P., and Watson, R. R. Pine bark extract reduces platelet aggregation. Integr.Med. 3-21-2000;2(2):73-77. PubMed
  9. Trebaticka, J., Kopasova, S., Hradecna, Z., Cinovsky, K., Skodacek, I., Suba, J., Muchova, J., Zitnanova, I., Waczulikova, I., Rohdewald, P., and Durackova, Z. Treatment of ADHD with French maritime pine bark extract, Pycnogenol. Eur.Child Adolesc.Psychi PubMed
  10. Suzuki, N., Uebaba, K., Kohama, T., Moniwa, N., Kanayama, N., and Koike, K. French maritime pine bark extract significantly lowers the requirement for analgesic medication in dysmenorrhea: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
  11. Cisar, P., Jany, R., Waczulikova, I., Sumegova, K., Muchova, J., Vojtassak, J., Durackova, Z., Lisy, M., and Rohdewald, P. Effect of pine bark extract (Pycnogenol) on symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. Phytother.Res. 2008;22(8):1087-1092.
  12. Enseleit, F., Sudano, I., Periat, D., Winnik, S., Wolfrum, M., Flammer, A. J., Frohlich, G. M., Kaiser, P., Hirt, A., Haile, S. R., Krasniqi, N., Matter, C. M., Uhlenhut, K., Hogger, P., Neidhart, M., Luscher, T. F., Ruschitzka, F., and Noll, G. Effects
  13. Schoonees, A., Visser, J., Musekiwa, A., and Volmink, J. Pycnogenol(R) (extract of French maritime pine bark) for the treatment of chronic disorders. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2012;4:CD008294.
  14. Wang S, Tan D Zhao Y et al. The effect of pycnogenol on the microcirculation, platelet function and ischemic myocardium in patients with coronary artery diseases. Eur Bull Drug Res 1999;7:19-25.

See these in context on the Maritime Pine monograph →

L-citrulline 8 references
  1. Cheng JW, Balwin SN. L-arginine in the management of cardiovascular diseases. Ann Pharmacother 2001;35:755-64. PubMed
  2. Schwedhelm E, Maas R, Freese R, et al. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of oral L-citrulline and L-arginine: impact on nitric oxide metabolism. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2008;65:51-9. PubMed
  3. Romero MJ, Platt DH, Caldwell RB, Caldwell RW. Therapeutic use of citrulline in cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Drug Rev 2006;24:275-90. PubMed
  4. Balderas-Munoz K, Castillo-Martínez L, Orea-Tejeda A, et al. Improvement of ventricular function in systolic heart failure patients with oral L-citrulline supplementation. Cardiol J 2012;19:612-7. PubMed
  5. Sharif Kashani B, Tahmaseb Pour P, Malekmohammad M, et al. Oral l-citrulline malate in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension and Eisenmenger Syndrome: a clinical trial. J Cardiol 2014;64:231-5. PubMed
  6. Pérez-Guisado J, Jakeman PM. Citrulline malate enhances athletic anaerobic performance and relieves muscle soreness. J Strength Cond Res 2010;24:1215-22. PubMed
  7. Mirenayat MS, Moradi S, Mohammadi H, Rouhani MH. Effect of L-citrulline supplementation on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2018;20(11):98. PubMed
  8. Xu Z, Liu C, Liu S, Zhou Z. Comparison of efficacy and safety of daily oral L-arginine and PDE5Is alone or combination in treating erectile dysfunction: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Andrologia. 2021:e14007. PubMed

See these in context on the L-citrulline monograph →

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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