Vanadyl Sulfate 10 mg By Vitamin World Overview & Drug Interactions

Calcium is a vital nutrient found in various foods such as dairy products, certain vegetables, and many fortified items. Over 99% of the body's calcium is stored in the bones and teeth, predominantly as hydroxyapatite. The remaining calcium circulates in the blood, extracellular fluid, muscles, and other tissues, where it is essential for processes like nerve signaling, muscle contraction, vascular activities, glandular secretion, and maintaining cell membrane and capillary permeability. It also plays critical roles in enzyme reactions, respiration, kidney function, and blood clotting, and is involved in neurotransmitter and hormone release, amino acid uptake, vitamin B12 absorption, and gastrin secretion. Calcium balance changes with age: it is positive during periods of growth, stable in adulthood, and tends to become negative in older age. Calcium loss occurs through feces, urine, sweat, and shedding skin cells. In women, reduced estrogen levels decrease calcium absorption and retention, increase bone turnover, and lead to lower bone mass. Calcium supplements come in various forms, including citrate and carbonate, which differ mainly in their calcium content and absorption rates. Calcium citrate is easily absorbed and can be taken without food, making it suitable for older adults or those with low stomach acid. In contrast, calcium carbonate, which contains a higher percentage of calcium, is best absorbed when taken with meals.

Vanadium is a chemical element with the symbol V and atomic number 23. It is a soft, silvery-grey metal that is found in small amounts in various minerals and rocks. Vanadium is used in a variety of industrial applications, including the production of steel and as a chemical catalyst. Vanadium is an essential trace mineral that is required by the body in small amounts for proper growth and development. The human body does not naturally produce it. It is involved in several important biological processes, including the metabolism of carbohydrates and the synthesis of proteins and DNA. Vanadium supplements are sometimes marketed as a way to improve athletic performance, lower cholesterol levels, and manage diabetes. However, there is limited scientific evidence to support the use of vanadium supplements for these purposes and high levels of vanadium can be toxic. It must be used cautiously.