Drug & supplement interaction

Rue + Adefovir

Adefovir brand name: Hepsera.

No Known Interaction
Medically reviewed by · Updated July 2026 · Pair last verified Sep 20, 2026
The bottom line No known interaction

We found no known interaction between Rue and Adefovir in our sources. Absence of a documented interaction is not the same as proven safety, and does not guarantee one does not exist. Do not start, stop, or change a medication or supplement based on this page; confirm with your pharmacist or doctor first. Additionally, although there is no interaction, the two are separately associated with some of the same side effects, which would make a new symptom harder to attribute to one or the other.

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Interaction report

Rue and Adefovir

We checked these two against our interaction database. Here is what we found.

No Known Interaction Found

We did not find a documented interaction between Adefovir and Rue in our sources. This does not guarantee that the combination is completely free of risk — there is often limited research on supplements and herbal products, especially around drug interactions.

If you decide to take both, the practical routine is simple: add one new thing at a time and note the date you started it. If the combination is going to disagree with you, it usually shows in the first days to a couple of weeks — and a start date turns “I’ve been feeling off” into something a pharmacist can actually work with. Do not stop a prescribed medicine on your own.

Always talk with your pharmacist or doctor before making changes to your medications or supplements, particularly if you take several medications or have an ongoing health condition.

Rue safety at a glance

Rue overall Use caution Rue can be toxic in higher doses and the oil is especially risky, so use it cautiously if at all.
Pregnancy Likely Unsafe When used orally. Rue has uterine stimulant and abortifacient effects; avoid using. Deaths have been reported in women who used rue as an abortifacient. Read the full pregnancy detail
Breastfeeding Avoid Safety is not established and potentially toxic compounds may pass to the baby, so avoid use.

Pregnancy & breastfeeding ratings are from Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — the full detail is in the Special populations card below. Safety guidance is general; always confirm with your pharmacist or doctor for your situation.

Still wondering about combining Adefovir and Rue? Ask Dr. Brian Staiger, PharmD, BCPS directly ›
How we checked

Why No Interaction Is Listed for Adefovir

Interactions in our licensed database are recorded against drug classes, not just single drug names. Adefovir is filed under 4 classifications — including nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (nrtis), organic anion transporter 1 (oat1) substrates, nephrotoxic drugs. Rue has documented interactions with 1 drug class — the most serious being photosensitizing drugs (moderate) — and none of Adefovir’s classifications are among them.

Classification data comes from our licensed Natural Medicines dataset. A medication can belong to classes beyond those recorded there, so this describes how the check was run — it is not a safety guarantee.

Keep it in perspective

Rue Does Interact With Other Medications

Rue has 335 moderate known drug interactions in our database — Adefovir isn’t one of them. If you take anything else, check it against the full list below.

Moderate 335 No known interaction 2,495 (incl. Adefovir)
Taking anything else?

Check Another of Your Medications Against Rue

Covers the 2,830 medications we’ve checked against Rue. Pick one to open its full report.

What to actually watch for

No Interaction Found — But Data Suggests Rue and Adefovir May Share Several of the Same Side Effects

This is not an interaction. Neither one changes how your body handles the other, and nothing here says they react together. What our sources do show is that each has separately been linked to the effects below — so taking both can make those effects more likely to turn up, and harder to pin on one or the other if they do.

  • Itching Additional detail

    Rue

    “Topically, rue can cause contact dermatitis (2). Exposure to the fresh rue plant followed by sun exposure within 48 hours can lead to severe phototoxic reactions (2,6). Multiple case reports describe patients who developed pruritus, erythema, and severe blistering on the back of the hands and wrists, equivalent to a partial thickness burn, after contact with the fresh plant leaves and exposure to sunlight.”

    Rue · Natural Medicines adverse-effect record, reported in dermatitis.

    4 sources cited
    1. 2. Blumenthal M, ed. The Complete German Commission E Monographs: Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines. Trans. S. Klein. Boston, MA: American Botanical Council, 1998.
    2. 6. The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
    3. 104119. Radotra I, Gardiner S, Barnes D. A phytophototoxic injury at a burns unit: the ungraceful after-effects of the "common rue" plant. J Burn Care Res. 2018;39(6):1064-6. PubMed
    4. 107948. Avallone G, Mastorino L, Agostini A, et al. Ruta graveolens phytophotodermatitis. Dermatol Online J 2021;27(7). PubMed

    Adefovir

    Listed in the ADVERSE REACTIONS section of the FDA label for Adefovir. Read the label on DailyMed ›

  • Stomach pain / Vomiting Additional detail

    Rue

    “Orally, rue can cause gastrointestinal irritation and cramps at therapeutic doses (2,12). When taken in large doses, it causes severe abdominal pain and vomiting (2,12,18).”

    Rue · Natural Medicines adverse-effect record, reported in nausea and vomiting.

    3 sources cited
    1. 2. Blumenthal M, ed. The Complete German Commission E Monographs: Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines. Trans. S. Klein. Boston, MA: American Botanical Council, 1998.
    2. 12. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
    3. 18. Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.

    Adefovir

    Listed in the ADVERSE REACTIONS section of the FDA label for Adefovir. Read the label on DailyMed ›

  • A skin rash Additional detail

    Rue

    “Orally, rue is well tolerated when taken in the amounts found in foods. The dried herb seems to be generally well tolerated when taken in medicinal doses; however, a thorough evaluation of safety outcomes has not been conducted.”

    Rue · Natural Medicines adverse-effect record, reported in depression.

    Adefovir

    Listed in the ADVERSE REACTIONS section of the FDA label for Adefovir. Read the label on DailyMed ›

Reported for Rue but not commonly for Adefovir: shortness of breath, trouble sleeping, drowsiness and low mood.

Effects for Adefovir come from the ADVERSE REACTIONS section of its FDA label; effects for Rue come from the Natural Medicines adverse-effect record, quoted above. Wording is matched across sources by our own clinical vocabulary, so treat this as a prompt to pay attention, not a diagnosis.

Special populations

Rue in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding

Pregnancy Likely Unsafe

When used orally. Rue has uterine stimulant and abortifacient effects; avoid using. Deaths have been reported in women who used rue as an abortifacient.

DISCLAIMER: This tool is intended for informational purposes only, and should not be interpreted as specific medical advice. Patients should consult with a qualified healthcare provider before making decisions about therapies and/or health conditions.© 2026 Therapeutic Research Center

Overlapping uses

What Adefovir Is Prescribed For, and What Rue Has Been Studied For

These two come up together because they touch the same health topic — not because they do the same job. Adefovir is a prescription medicine with approved uses on its FDA label. Rue is a supplement: what follows is what researchers have looked at it for, and how strong that evidence is.

Adefovir is prescribed for: Adefovir Dipivoxil Tablets and Hepsera are used to treat chronic hepatitis B — a long-term liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) — in patients 12 years of age and older who have signs of active viral replication and either persistently elevated liver enzymes or active liver disease confirmed on biopsy. The indication covers adults with both HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B, including those with lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus. In adolescents aged 12 to less than 18, the approval is based on virological and biochemical responses in HBeAg-positive patients with compensated (still-functioning) liver disease.

Rue has been studied for:

  • Cancer studied, not established Rue has been studied for this. Natural Medicines rates the evidence: Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Read what the research shows

    Rue for cancer

    Although there has been interest in using oral rue for cancer, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of rue for this purpose.

Effectiveness ratings and the research summaries above are the verbatim record from the Natural Medicines database, which grades evidence from “Effective” down to “Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate”. A rating below the top of that scale means researchers have looked at it — not that it works, and never that it can stand in for a prescribed medicine. Do not stop or replace Adefovir on your own; if you are taking Rue for the same health topic, tell your prescriber, especially if the medicine is being adjusted to a target.

Everything else you take

See Every Supplement That Interacts With Adefovir

This page covers Rue only. If you take other supplements — a multivitamin, a sleep aid, something for joints — the Adefovir page lists 28 supplements it has a documented interaction with, worst first, each one explained.

The most serious there right now: Activated Charcoal (major), Asarabacca (major), Siberian Cocklebur (major), African Wild Potato (moderate) and Aristolochia (moderate).

By severity: 3 major · 15 moderate · 10 minor.

From our pharmacist’s overview on the Adefovir page

“Someone taking adefovir (Hepsera) for hepatitis B is asking a lot of their kidneys already, since the drug can stress them, and that is where the riskiest entries here press. Six of these 28 ingredients, Siberian cocklebur most seriously, can harm the kidneys themselves, and four more block the transporter the kidneys use to clear adef…”

Reviewed by 2 · Jul 18, 2026

Open the Adefovir interaction page

One more smart check

Taking Rue as Part of a Dietary Supplement Product? Check It for Interactions

We hold 47 real supplement products containing Rue, each one broken down to its full ingredient list — and combination products often carry several ingredients besides Rue. Even though Rue itself has no known interaction with Adefovir, another ingredient on your label might. Find your product and we’ll check every ingredient on its label:

How much people look this up

Where Rue and Adefovir Sit Against Everything Else

Out of every supplement and medication people look up on HelloPharmacist, here is where these two land this week — and which way each has been moving.

Supplement Rue
Top half

#635 of 1,452 supplements looked up here in the last 7 days

29 days ago today
Medication Adefovir
Steady interest

#1,880 of 2,830 medications looked up here in the last 7 days

29 days ago today

Position among everything looked up on this site, not a measure of how commonly either one is used or how important it is. A supplement can climb this list because of a news story. It counts every request to the page, automated ones included, and nothing here identifies anyone.

Where does our data come from?
  • Source: the Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) clinical database — the evidence-graded professional reference for herb & supplement interactions.
  • Citation library: 103,510 references behind our interaction content, 65,311 of them resolved to verified PubMed/DOI sources. See every Rue reference on this page ↓
  • Freshness: we automatically re-check this combination every week — this pair was last verified September 20, 2026. The Rue and Adefovir records this page draws on were last updated July 11, 2026.
  • What “no known interaction” means: no documented interaction in the sources above — not a guarantee of safety. Supplements are studied far less than prescription drugs, so we say exactly what the evidence supports, and nothing more.
Data structure & sourcing designed and verified by .
Supplement

About Rue

What is Rue?

Rue
  • Menstrual cramps
  • Digestive upset
  • Muscle spasms and pain
  • Headache
  • Insect repellent (topical)
  • Traditional folk remedy

Rue is a strong-smelling herb from southern Europe with a long history in folk medicine, but there is very little reliable human research to support its health uses. It can be toxic in larger amounts and is considered unsafe during pregnancy, so most people should avoid it or use it only under professional guidance.

Ruta graveolens · Rutaceae · Aerial parts (leaves and flowering tops) and essential oil · Tea, tincture, dried herb, essential oil, topical preparations

An interaction check asks whether these two react with each other — it does not ask whether Rue is a good idea for someone in your situation. Here is what our Rue record says about it on its own.

Rue: dosing

There is no well-established or standardized safe dose of rue. Because the plant can be toxic and the amount of active compounds varies widely between products, it is hard to know what amount is safe.If you choose to use a commercial rue product, follow the directions on the label exactly and do not exceed them. The essential oil should not be taken internally.

From our Rue monograph — the full record covers uses, side effects and every documented interaction.

Read the full Rue monograph & all interactions
Medication

About Adefovir

What Is Adefovir Used For?

Brand name: Hepsera

Adefovir Dipivoxil Tablets and Hepsera are used to treat chronic hepatitis B — a long-term liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) — in patients 12 years of age and older who have signs of active viral replication and either persistently elevated liver enzymes or active liver disease confirmed on biopsy.

The indication covers adults with both HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B, including those with lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus. In adolescents aged 12 to less than 18, the approval is based on virological and biochemical responses in HBeAg-positive patients with compensated (still-functioning) liver disease.

See full Adefovir drug information
Keep checking

Other Drugs & Rue

Browse every other medication we’ve checked against Rue — both the ones with a known interaction and the ones without. Select any drug for the full detail.

0Major
335Moderate
0Minor
2,494No known interaction
335 Moderate 2,494 No interaction
Moderate

335 interactions

Showing 60 of 335 moderate interactions — see all 335 on the Rue page.

No interaction 2,494 drugs checked — show the list

We also checked Rue against these medications and found no known interaction in our sources. Open any page to confirm.

Showing the 60 most looked-up of 2,494 medications checked with no known interaction — see the full Rue list.

See the full Rue interactions page
See every supplement checked against Adefovir, ranked by severity
Evidence & sources

Rue References

The 8 references that drive our Rue monograph and interaction data, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Citations with a link open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

  1. Blumenthal M, ed. The Complete German Commission E Monographs: Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines. Trans. S. Klein. Boston, MA: American Botanical Council, 1998.
  2. The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
  3. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  4. Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.
  5. Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
  6. Puig L. Pharmacodynamic interaction with phototoxic plants during PUVA therapy. Br J Dermatol 1997;136:973-4. PubMed
  7. Radotra I, Gardiner S, Barnes D. A phytophototoxic injury at a burns unit: the ungraceful after-effects of the "common rue" plant. J Burn Care Res. 2018;39(6):1064-6. PubMed
  8. Avallone G, Mastorino L, Agostini A, et al. Ruta graveolens phytophotodermatitis. Dermatol Online J 2021;27(7). PubMed

Medication overviews come from MedlinePlus (NIH); supplement label data from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists — see our data sources and editorial standards.

Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Taking Rue and Adefovir Together: Common Questions

Is it safe to take Rue with Adefovir?
We do not list a known interaction between Rue and Adefovir. That does not guarantee the combination is risk-free, so confirm with your pharmacist or doctor — especially if you take other medications or have a health condition.
Do Rue and Adefovir have any of the same side effects?
Yes — our sources link each of them separately to 4 of the same effects. That is not an interaction: neither changes how your body handles the other. It does mean that if one of those effects turns up, it can be harder to tell which one is behind it. They are listed on this page with the source behind each.
Are Rue and Adefovir used for the same thing?
They overlap in purpose, which usually means the real question is whether you need both rather than whether they are safe together. This page lists the shared uses and how strong the evidence is for Rue in each. That is a conversation for your prescriber, especially if Adefovir is being adjusted to a target.
How was the Rue and Adefovir combination checked?
Interactions in our licensed database are recorded against drug classes. Adefovir is filed under 4 classifications, and Rue has documented interactions with 1 drug class — none of Adefovir's classifications are among them. A medication can belong to classes beyond those recorded in our dataset, so this describes how the check was run rather than guaranteeing safety.
Does Rue interact with any other medications?
Yes. Rue has 335 documented drug interactions in our database — Adefovir is simply not one of them. If you take anything else, it is worth checking each one; they are all listed on this page.
Does Adefovir interact with any supplements?
Yes. Adefovir has documented interactions with 28 supplements in our database — Rue is not one of them. The Adefovir interaction page linked on this page lists every one, ranked by severity.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Where next

Keep Exploring

Rue monograph Uses, safety profile, and every drug interaction in one place Adefovir drug information The full plain-English guide to this medication Adefovir supplement interactions Every supplement checked against Adefovir, ranked by severity Supplement interaction checker Check any supplement or product against your medications Browse medications A–Z Every drug we’ve checked against herbs & supplements References The 8 citations behind this page Ask a pharmacist Free, personal answer from our licensed team

Still Have a Question About Adefovir and Rue?

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This information is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always check with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or combining supplements and medications.