B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor Ingredients & Drug Interactions
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor is a dietary supplement by Vitamin World with 5 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for treating or preventing b12 deficiency, pernicious anemia, low energy and fatigue.Based on those ingredients, 1,256 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Synephrine, Caffeine, Taurine. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor by Vitamin World
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor by Vitamin World — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor by Vitamin World
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Low disclosure
This product contains 5 ingredients. The active components are vitamin B12, synephrine (from bitter orange extract), caffeine, taurine, and glucuronolactone.
Vitamin B12 is an essential nutrient your body needs for nerve function and red blood cell formation. Synephrine is a stimulant compound that may increase energy and alertness.
Caffeine is a well-known stimulant that boosts mental focus and physical performance. Taurine is an amino acid that supports heart function and muscle performance.
Glucuronolactone is included as an energy-supporting ingredient. The tablet also contains inactive ingredients including dextrose, vegetable cellulose, crospovidone, natural and artificial flavors, and citric acid as binders and flavorings.
Does it work?
Strong evidence
Vitamin B12 in this product is effective for treating B12 deficiency and is likely effective for cyanide poisoning; it's possibly effective for canker sores and nerve pain after shingles (postherpetic neuralgia). Caffeine is effective for alertness in newborns (neonatal apnea) and post-procedure headache, and likely effective for boosting mental alertness and athletic performance.
Taurine is possibly effective for hepatitis and heart failure (congestive heart failure), though possibly ineffective for obesity. For synephrine, glucuronolactone, and the proprietary blend components, the evidence is insufficient or not established in the data we hold — they haven't been rated as effective for their intended purposes in this product.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Vitamin B12 is generally very well tolerated; your body removes excess in the urine, and there's no established upper limit. It's needed during pregnancy and breastfeeding and is considered safe at recommended amounts — follow your provider's guidance.
Synephrine (bitter orange) carries caution because it can affect your heart rate and blood pressure; the product should be avoided during pregnancy due to stimulant effects and lack of safety data, and avoided while breastfeeding due to insufficient safety information. Caffeine is generally safe in moderate amounts for healthy adults, though high doses can cause serious side effects; limit intake during pregnancy (ask your doctor about safe limits) and note that small amounts pass into breast milk but moderate intake is usually acceptable.
Taurine is generally well tolerated short-term in healthy adults, though long-term safety is less certain; supplement safety during breastfeeding isn't well studied, so use caution. Glucuronolactone is generally tolerated in beverage amounts, but long-term and high-dose safety are not well studied — it should be avoided during pregnancy and breastfeeding due to insufficient safety data.
Most common side effects across ingredients are mild (anxiety, jitteriness, insomnia, constipation, or diarrhea), but rare serious effects including heart problems, seizure, and stroke have been reported.
Meds to double-check
Major interaction found
Before taking this, check with your pharmacist if you use monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressants — this is the most serious interaction. Also double-check if you take sedatives like midazolam, heart rhythm drugs, blood pressure or diabetes medications, stimulant drugs, any drug metabolized by the liver enzyme CYP3A4, seizure medications, lithium, clozapine (an antipsychotic), cimetidine, quinolone antibiotics, or cough suppressants like dextromethorphan.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with clinical evidence supporting its stated purpose. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
This energy-support product works best for people seeking a B12 boost combined with caffeine and stimulant lift, particularly those whose diet may lack B12. If you take any blood pressure medication, heart rhythm medication, antidepressant (especially an MAOI), diabetes drug, seizure medication, or lithium, talk with your pharmacist or doctor before starting — the interactions are real and sometimes serious.
Pregnant or breastfeeding women should avoid this product. Anyone sensitive to stimulants should be cautious.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 5 of 5 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Oct 22, 2016.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Vitamin World |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 766443554882 |
| Net contents | 60 Quick Dissolve Tablet(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Oct 22, 2016 |
| DSLD ID | 65911 |
| Product type | Other Combinations |
| Supplement form | Tablet Or Pill |
| Dietary claims / uses | Nutrient, All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult (18 - 50 Years) |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor by Vitamin World, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Vitamin B12 | 1000 mcg | 16667% |
| Synephrine | 0 NP | -- |
| Caffeine | 20 mg | -- |
| Taurine | 0 NP | -- |
| Proprietary Blend (Non-Nutrient/Non-Botanical) | 60 mg | -- |
| Glucuronolactone | 0 NP | -- |
Other ingredients: Dextrose, Vegetable Cellulose, Crospovidone, Natural and Artificial flavors, Citric Acid, Contains <2% of:
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Seals/Symbols
Quality Assured
Brand IP Statement(s)
At Vitamin World we ensure the quality of all of our premium nutritional products, every step of the way. Strict quality analysis at world-class facilities guarantees that all Vitamin World products are at the highest standard of potency and purity.
2016 Vitamin World, Inc.
Nutrition from the source
Precautions
Warning: Not for use by individuals under the age of 18 or for pregnant or lactating women.
Warning: Not for use by individuals under the age of 18 or for pregnant or lactating women.
Do not exceed recommended dose. Increasing frequency of intake will not improve results and may cause adverse reactions. Do not consume additional sources of synephrine. Use of this product may make skin sensitive to sunlight and UV light, which could result in sunburn or skin rash after several days of use. Limit exposure to the sun or any indoor tanning equipment including beds, lamps or booths.
Consult a doctor before using this product if you are using any medications or remedies, especially antidepressants or monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI), stimulants, any dietary supplement (Yohimbe or St. John’s Wort), or any over-the-counter drug including allergy, asthma, cough/cold or weight control products.
Avoid this product if you have high blood pressure, arrhythmias, glaucoma, seizures, ulcer, difficulty urinating, an enlarged prostate, diabetes or a thyroid, blood, liver or eating disorder. Consult a doctor before use if you are at risk for, have, have had or have a family history of heart or cardiovascular disease, stroke, recurrent headaches, depression or other psychiatric condition. Discontinue use and call a doctor immediately if you experience any adverse reaction such as dizziness, headache, rapid or irregular heartbeat, chest pain, shortness of breath, nausea, noticeable changes in behavior, loss of consciousness, increased blood pressure, sleeplessness, anxiety, or skin reactions. Limit use to six weeks with a break of one week.
Keep out of reach of children.
Do not use if seal under cap is broken or missing.
Storage
Store at room temperature.
General Statements
To reorder prod. #55488
Quick dissolve
Supports energy metabolism and heart health
Natural & artificial cinnaberry flavor
B-12 is an essential part of the B-Vitamin complex, and helps convert food into energy in the body.
General
PROD. #55488 B55488 01B
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Directions: For adult, take one (1) tablet daily, preferably with a meal. Dissolve tablet in mouth before swallowing.
Formulation
No Artificial Color, no Preservatives, no Milk, no Lactose, no Gluten, no Wheat, no Yeast, no Fish. Sodium free.
FDA Disclaimer Statement
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.
Formula
Our convenient quick dissolve energy complex tablets feature 1,000 mcg of Vitamin B-12.
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor by Vitamin World label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor by Vitamin World
These are the 5 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 Tablet(s) Dosage formTablet Or Pill Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Vitamin B12
Interacts with20 drugs
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is an essential nutrient your body needs to make red blood cells, keep nerves healthy, and support DNA. Supplements are very h...
Vitamin B12 monograph & interactionsProprietary Blend (Non-Nutrient/Non-Botanical)
- › Synephrine
- › Caffeine
- › Taurine
- › Glucuronolactone
Other (inactive) ingredients: Dextrose, Vegetable Cellulose, Crospovidone, Natural and Artificial flavors, Citric Acid, Contains <2% of:. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor by Vitamin World Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Vitamin World's B-12 Energy Complex has documented interactions with a substantial number of medications, primarily due to its synephrine (from bitter orange) and caffeine content.
The most serious concern is synephrine's potential interaction with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), a class of antidepressants — theoretically this combination could trigger a dangerous spike in blood pressure (hypertensive crisis).
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Synephrine also interacts with several other drug types. It may raise blood levels of midazolam (a sedative), increasing side effects; it could add to the QT-prolonging effects of certain heart rhythm drugs, raising the risk of dangerous irregular heartbeats; and it may boost levels of drugs broken down by the liver enzyme CYP3A4, potentially increasing their effects.
Synephrine may also increase the risk of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) with diabetes medications, raise blood pressure and heart stress when combined with stimulant drugs, increase levels of dextromethorphan (a cough suppressant), and compound the blood pressure and heart rate effects of caffeine.
Caffeine adds its own interactions. It could amplify stimulant side effects if combined with ephedrine; it may reduce the sleep-inducing effect of pentobarbital; it might interfere with dipyridamole's use before stress tests; it could increase clozapine (an antipsychotic) levels and side effects; and it may raise levels of caffeine itself when combined with cimetidine, quinolone antibiotics, or phenobarbital or carbamazepine (seizure drugs).
Taurine may increase the blood-pressure-lowering effect of blood pressure medications or reduce lithium excretion, potentially raising lithium levels. Altogether, these interactions span 1,243 individual medications.
We could not check glucuronolactone for interactions. Use the medication checker below with your exact prescriptions before starting this product.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor interact with 1,256 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
4 of the 5 ingredients in B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Synephrine Caffeine Taurine Vitamin B12
Aminophylline, Amobarbital, EphedrineAmesec
How Aminophylline, Amobarbital, Ephedrine interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CaffeineEphedrine, Stimulant Drugs Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk for stimulant adverse effects.
Read the full Caffeine + Aminophylline, Amobarbital, Ephedrine interactionSynephrineStimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypertension and adverse cardiovascular effects when taken with stimulant drugs.
Read the full Synephrine + Aminophylline, Amobarbital, Ephedrine interactionAmphetamineAdensys XR-ODT, Adzenys ER, Dyanavel XR, Mydayis
How Amphetamine interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
SynephrineMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (maois), Stimulant Drugs +1 Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking MAOIs with synephrine-containing bitter orange preparations might increase the hypertensive effects of synephrine, potentially leading to hypertensive crisis.
Read the full Synephrine + Amphetamine interactionCaffeineMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (maois), Stimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk of a hypertensive crisis.
Read the full Caffeine + Amphetamine interactionCarbetapentane Tannate, Chlorpheniramine Tannate, Ephedrine Tannate, Phenylephrine TannateQuadratuss, Ry Tuss, Rynatuss, Tri Tannate Plus
How Carbetapentane Tannate, Chlorpheniramine Tannate, Ephedrine Tannate, Phenylephrine Tannate interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CaffeineStimulant Drugs, Ephedrine Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase stimulant adverse effects.
Read the full Caffeine + Carbetapentane Tannate, Chlorpheniramine Tannate, Ephedrine Tannate, Phenylephrine Tannate interactionSynephrineCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Stimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Synephrine + Carbetapentane Tannate, Chlorpheniramine Tannate, Ephedrine Tannate, Phenylephrine Tannate interactionDyphylline, Ephedrine, Guaifenesin, PhenobarbitalLufyllin-EPG
How Dyphylline, Ephedrine, Guaifenesin, Phenobarbital interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CaffeineStimulant Drugs, Phenobarbital (luminal) +1 Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase stimulant adverse effects.
Read the full Caffeine + Dyphylline, Ephedrine, Guaifenesin, Phenobarbital interactionSynephrineStimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypertension and adverse cardiovascular effects when taken with stimulant drugs.
Read the full Synephrine + Dyphylline, Ephedrine, Guaifenesin, Phenobarbital interactionEphedrine, Guaifenesin (otc Drug)Ephedrine Formula 400, Ephedrine Plus Tabs
How Ephedrine, Guaifenesin (otc Drug) interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CaffeineStimulant Drugs, Ephedrine Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase stimulant adverse effects.
Read the full Caffeine + Ephedrine, Guaifenesin (otc Drug) interactionSynephrineStimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypertension and adverse cardiovascular effects when taken with stimulant drugs.
Read the full Synephrine + Ephedrine, Guaifenesin (otc Drug) interactionEphedrine, Guaifenesin, Phenobarbital, TheophyllineMudrane GG
How Ephedrine, Guaifenesin, Phenobarbital, Theophylline interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CaffeinePhenobarbital (luminal), Ephedrine +2 Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, caffeine might reduce the effects of phenobarbital and increase the risk for convulsions.
Read the full Caffeine + Ephedrine, Guaifenesin, Phenobarbital, Theophylline interactionSynephrineStimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypertension and adverse cardiovascular effects when taken with stimulant drugs.
Read the full Synephrine + Ephedrine, Guaifenesin, Phenobarbital, Theophylline interactionEphedrine, Hydroxyzine, TheophyllineAmi Rax, Marax
How Ephedrine, Hydroxyzine, Theophylline interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CaffeineStimulant Drugs, Theophylline +1 Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase stimulant adverse effects.
Read the full Caffeine + Ephedrine, Hydroxyzine, Theophylline interactionSynephrineStimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypertension and adverse cardiovascular effects when taken with stimulant drugs.
Read the full Synephrine + Ephedrine, Hydroxyzine, Theophylline interactionEphedrine, Phenobarbital, Potassium Iodide, TheophyllineMudrane, Quadrinal
How Ephedrine, Phenobarbital, Potassium Iodide, Theophylline interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CaffeinePhenobarbital (luminal), Ephedrine +2 Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, caffeine might reduce the effects of phenobarbital and increase the risk for convulsions.
Read the full Caffeine + Ephedrine, Phenobarbital, Potassium Iodide, Theophylline interactionSynephrineStimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypertension and adverse cardiovascular effects when taken with stimulant drugs.
Read the full Synephrine + Ephedrine, Phenobarbital, Potassium Iodide, Theophylline interactionEphedrine, Phenobarbital, TheophyllineTedral
How Ephedrine, Phenobarbital, Theophylline interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CaffeineStimulant Drugs, Theophylline +2 Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase stimulant adverse effects.
Read the full Caffeine + Ephedrine, Phenobarbital, Theophylline interactionSynephrineStimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypertension and adverse cardiovascular effects when taken with stimulant drugs.
Read the full Synephrine + Ephedrine, Phenobarbital, Theophylline interactionIsocarboxazidMarplan
How Isocarboxazid interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
SynephrineMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (maois) Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking MAOIs with synephrine-containing bitter orange preparations might increase the hypertensive effects of synephrine, potentially leading to hypertensive crisis.
Read the full Synephrine + Isocarboxazid interactionCaffeineMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (maois) Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk of a hypertensive crisis.
Read the full Caffeine + Isocarboxazid interactionMidazolamNayzilam, Seizalam, Versed
How Midazolam interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
SynephrineCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Midazolam (versed) Major
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Synephrine + Midazolam interactionMoclobemideManerix, Moclobemide
How Moclobemide interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
SynephrineMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (maois) Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking MAOIs with synephrine-containing bitter orange preparations might increase the hypertensive effects of synephrine, potentially leading to hypertensive crisis.
Read the full Synephrine + Moclobemide interactionCaffeineMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (maois) Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk of a hypertensive crisis.
Read the full Caffeine + Moclobemide interactionOzanimod HydrochlorideZeposia
How Ozanimod Hydrochloride interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
SynephrineMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (maois), Qt Interval-prolonging Drugs Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking MAOIs with synephrine-containing bitter orange preparations might increase the hypertensive effects of synephrine, potentially leading to hypertensive crisis.
Read the full Synephrine + Ozanimod Hydrochloride interactionCaffeineMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (maois) Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk of a hypertensive crisis.
Read the full Caffeine + Ozanimod Hydrochloride interactionPhenelzine SulfateNardil
How Phenelzine Sulfate interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
SynephrineMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (maois) Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking MAOIs with synephrine-containing bitter orange preparations might increase the hypertensive effects of synephrine, potentially leading to hypertensive crisis.
Read the full Synephrine + Phenelzine Sulfate interactionCaffeineMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (maois) Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk of a hypertensive crisis.
Read the full Caffeine + Phenelzine Sulfate interactionRasagilineAzilect
How Rasagiline interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
SynephrineMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (maois) Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking MAOIs with synephrine-containing bitter orange preparations might increase the hypertensive effects of synephrine, potentially leading to hypertensive crisis.
Read the full Synephrine + Rasagiline interactionCaffeineMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (maois) Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk of a hypertensive crisis.
Read the full Caffeine + Rasagiline interactionSafinamide MesylateXadago
How Safinamide Mesylate interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
SynephrineMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (maois) Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking MAOIs with synephrine-containing bitter orange preparations might increase the hypertensive effects of synephrine, potentially leading to hypertensive crisis.
Read the full Synephrine + Safinamide Mesylate interactionCaffeineMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (maois) Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk of a hypertensive crisis.
Read the full Caffeine + Safinamide Mesylate interactionSelegilineCarbex, Eldepryl, Emsam, Zelapar
How Selegiline interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
SynephrineMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (maois) Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking MAOIs with synephrine-containing bitter orange preparations might increase the hypertensive effects of synephrine, potentially leading to hypertensive crisis.
Read the full Synephrine + Selegiline interactionCaffeineMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (maois) Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk of a hypertensive crisis.
Read the full Caffeine + Selegiline interactionTranylcypromineParnate
How Tranylcypromine interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
SynephrineMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (maois) Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking MAOIs with synephrine-containing bitter orange preparations might increase the hypertensive effects of synephrine, potentially leading to hypertensive crisis.
Read the full Synephrine + Tranylcypromine interactionCaffeineMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (maois) Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk of a hypertensive crisis.
Read the full Caffeine + Tranylcypromine interactionAdo-trastuzumab EmtansineKadcyla
How Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
SynephrineCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Synephrine + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionAbciximabReoPro
How Abciximab interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CaffeineAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, caffeine may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Caffeine + Abciximab interactionAbemaciclibVerzenio
How Abemaciclib interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
SynephrineCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Synephrine + Abemaciclib interactionAbiraterone
How Abiraterone interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
SynephrineCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Synephrine + Abiraterone interactionCaffeineCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Inhibitors Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the levels and adverse effects of caffeine.
Read the full Caffeine + Abiraterone interactionAbiraterone AcetateYonsa, Zytiga
How Abiraterone Acetate interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
SynephrineCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Synephrine + Abiraterone Acetate interactionAbrocitinibCibinqo
How Abrocitinib interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CaffeineAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, caffeine may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Caffeine + Abrocitinib interactionAcalabrutinibCalquence
How Acalabrutinib interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
SynephrineCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Synephrine + Acalabrutinib interactionAcarboseGlucobay, Prandase, Precose
How Acarbose interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
SynephrineAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Synephrine + Acarbose interactionCaffeineAntidiabetes Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking caffeine with antidiabetes drugs might interfere with blood glucose control.
Read the full Caffeine + Acarbose interactionAcebutololRhotral, Sectral
How Acebutolol interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
TaurineAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taurine might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Taurine + Acebutolol interactionAcenocoumarolSintrom
How Acenocoumarol interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CaffeineAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, caffeine may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Caffeine + Acenocoumarol interactionAcetaminophen, AspirinGemnisyn
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CaffeineAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, caffeine may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Caffeine + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAcetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
CaffeineAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Stimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, caffeine may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Caffeine + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionSynephrineCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Stimulant Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Synephrine + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Synephrine
Midazolam (Versed)
Bitter orange might increase blood levels of midazolam.
One small clinical study shows that bitter orange juice can increase midazolam levels, likely through inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of midazolam-related adverse effects.
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (Maois)
Theoretically, taking MAOIs with synephrine-containing bitter orange preparations might increase the hypertensive effects of synephrine, potentially leading to hypertensive crisis.
Bitter orange contains tyramine, octopamine, and synephrine, which are MAO substrates.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Some clinical research shows that drinking a tea containing bitter orange and Indian snakeroot reduces fasting and postprandial glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes who are using antidiabetes drugs. However, it is unclear if these effects are due to bitter orange, Indian snakeroot, or the combination. An animal study also shows that p-synephrine in combination with gliclazide , a sulfonylurea, causes an additional 20% to 44% decrease in glucose levels when compared with gliclazide alone.
Caffeine
Bitter orange might increase blood pressure and heart rate when taken with caffeine.
Small clinical studies show that taking bitter orange in combination with caffeine can increase blood pressure and heart rate in otherwise healthy normotensive adults. Theoretically, this might increase the risk of serious cardiovascular adverse effects.
Colchicine
Bitter orange might affect colchicine levels.
Colchicine is a substrate of P-glycoprotein and cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). Bitter orange has been reported to inhibit CYP3A4 and increase levels of CYP3A4 substrates. However, one small clinical study in healthy adults shows that drinking bitter orange juice 240 mL twice daily for 4 days and taking a single dose of colchicine 0.6 mg on the 4th day decreases colchicine peak serum levels by 24%, time to peak serum level by 1 hour, and overall exposure to colchicine by 20%. The clinical significance of this finding is unclear.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Small clinical studies suggest that single or multiple doses of freshly squeezed bitter orange juice 200-240 mL can inhibit CYP3A4 metabolism of drugs, causing increased drug levels and potentially increasing the risk of adverse effects. However, the extent of the effect of bitter orange on CYP3A4-mediated drug interactions is unknown. Some evidence suggests that bitter orange selectively inhibits intestinal CYP3A4, but not hepatic CYP3A4. Its effect on P-glycoprotein, which strongly overlaps with CYP3A4 interactions, is unclear. One small clinical study shows that drinking 8 ounces of freshly squeezed bitter orange juice has no effect on cyclosporine, which seems to be more dependent on hepatic CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein than intestinal CYP3A4.
Dextromethorphan (Robitussin Dm, Others)
Bitter orange might increase blood levels of dextromethorphan.
One small clinical study shows that bitter orange juice increases dextromethorphan levels, likely through cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) inhibition. Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk for dextromethorphan-related adverse effects.
Felodipine (Plendil)
Bitter orange might increase blood levels of felodipine.
One small clinical study shows that bitter orange juice increases felodipine levels, likely through cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) inhibition. Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk for felodipine-related adverse effects.
Indinavir (Crixivan)
Bitter orange might increase blood levels of indinavir.
One small clinical study shows that bitter orange juice slightly increases indinavir levels, but this effect is likely to be clinically insignificant. Bitter orange selectively inhibits intestinal cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4); however, the metabolism of indinavir seems to be more dependent on hepatic CYP3A4. The effect of bitter orange on other protease inhibitors has not been studied.
Qt Interval-Prolonging Drugs
Theoretically, bitter orange might have an additive effect when combined with drugs that prolong the QT interval, potentially increasing the risk of ventricular arrhythmias.
One case report suggests that taking bitter orange in combination with other stimulants such as caffeine might prolong the QT interval in some patients.
Sildenafil (Viagra)
Bitter orange juice might increase blood levels of sildenafil.
A small clinical study in healthy adult males shows that drinking freshly squeezed bitter orange juice 250 mL daily for 3 days and taking a single dose of sildenafil 50 mg on the 3rd day increases the peak plasma concentration of sildenafil by 18% and the overall exposure to sildenafil by 44%. Theoretically, this may be due to inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A4 by bitter orange.
Stimulant Drugs
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypertension and adverse cardiovascular effects when taken with stimulant drugs.
Bitter orange appears to have stimulant effects.
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase levels of drug metabolized by CYP2D6.
In vitro research shows that octopamine, a constituent of bitter orange, weakly inhibits CYP2D6 enzymes. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Caffeine
Ephedrine
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk for stimulant adverse effects.
Use of ephedrine with caffeine can increase the risk of stimulatory adverse effects. There is evidence that using ephedrine with caffeine might increase the risk of serious life-threatening or debilitating adverse effects such as hypertension, myocardial infarction, stroke, seizures, and death.
Adenosine (Adenocard)
Theoretically, caffeine might decrease the vasodilatory effects of adenosine and interfere with its use prior to stress testing.
Some evidence shows that caffeine is a competitive inhibitor of adenosine and can reduce the vasodilatory effects of adenosine in humans. However, other research shows that caffeine does not seem to affect supplemental adenosine because high interstitial levels of adenosine overcome the antagonistic effects of caffeine. It is recommended that methylxanthines and methylxanthine-containing products be stopped 24 hours prior to pharmacological stress tests. However, methylxanthines appear more likely to interfere with dipyridamole (Persantine) than adenosine-induced stress testing.
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, caffeine may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Caffeine is reported to have antiplatelet activity. Theoretically, it might increase the risk of bleeding when used concomitantly with these agents; however, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Beta-Adrenergic Agonists
Theoretically, large amounts of caffeine might increase the cardiac inotropic effects of beta-agonists.
Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Theoretically, caffeine might reduce the effects of carbamazepine and increase the risk for convulsions.
Animal research suggests that taking caffeine can lower the anticonvulsant effects of carbamazepine and can induce seizures when taken in doses above 400 mg/kg. Human research has shown that taking caffeine 300 mg in three divided doses along with carbamazepine 200 mg reduces the bioavailability of carbamazepine by 32% and prolongs the plasma half-life of carbamazepine 2-fold in healthy individuals.
Cimetidine (Tagamet)
Theoretically, cimetidine might increase the levels and adverse effects of caffeine.
Cimetidine decreases the rate of caffeine clearance by 31% to 42%.
Clozapine (Clozaril)
Caffeine might increase the levels and adverse effects of clozapine and acutely exacerbate psychotic symptoms.
Caffeine might increase the effects and toxicity of clozapine. Caffeine doses of 400-1000 mg per day inhibit clozapine metabolism. Clozapine is metabolized by cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2). Although researchers speculate that caffeine might inhibit CYP1A2, there is no reliable evidence that caffeine affects CYP1A2. There is also speculation that genetic factors might make some patients more sensitive to an interaction between clozapine and caffeine. In one case report, severe, life-threatening clozapine toxicity and multiorgan system failure occurred in a patient with schizophrenia stabilized on clozapine who consumed caffeine 600 mg daily.
Dipyridamole (Persantine)
Theoretically, caffeine might decrease the vasodilatory effects of dipyridamole and interfere with its use prior to stress testing.
Caffeine inhibits dipyridamole-induced vasodilation. It is recommended that methylxanthines and methylxanthine-containing products be stopped 24 hours prior to pharmacological stress tests. Methylxanthines appear more likely to interfere with dipyridamole (Persantine) than adenosine-induced stress testing.
Disulfiram (Antabuse)
Theoretically, disulfiram use might increase the levels and adverse effects of caffeine.
Disulfiram decreases the rate of caffeine clearance.
Diuretic Drugs
Theoretically, using caffeine with diuretic drugs might increase the risk of hypokalemia.
Caffeine, especially in excessive amounts, can reduce potassium levels due to stimulation of the sodium-potassium pump. Diuretics can also cause lower potassium levels.
Estrogens
Theoretically, estrogens might increase the levels and adverse effects of caffeine.
Estrogen inhibits caffeine metabolism.
Ethosuximide (Zarontin)
Theoretically, caffeine might reduce the effects of ethosuximide and increase the risk for convulsions.
Animal research suggests that caffeine 92.4 mg/kg can decrease the anticonvulsant activity of ethosuximide. However, this effect has not been reported in humans.
Felbamate (Felbatol)
Theoretically, caffeine might reduce the effects of felbamate and increase the risk for convulsions.
Animal research suggests that a high dose of caffeine 161.7 mg/kg can decreases the anticonvulsant activity of felbamate. However, this effect has not been reported in humans.
Flutamide (Eulexin)
Theoretically, caffeine might increase the levels and adverse effects of flutamide.
In vitro evidence suggests that caffeine can inhibit the metabolism of flutamide. However, this effect has not been reported in humans.
Fluvoxamine (Luvox)
Theoretically, fluvoxamine might increase the levels and adverse effects of caffeine.
Fluvoxamine reduces caffeine metabolism.
Lithium
Abrupt caffeine withdrawal might increase the levels and adverse effects of lithium.
Caffeine has diuretic activity. When abruptly discontinued, caffeine may alter the clearance of lithium. There are two case reports of lithium tremor that worsened upon abrupt coffee withdrawal and 6 case reports of elevated serum lithium levels after reducing or eliminating caffeine intake. In one case, a male with schizoaffective disorder stabilized on lithium had an elevated lithium level after reducing his caffeine intake by 87%. At a later date, he increased his caffeine intake by 6-fold, resulting in a subtherapeutic lithium level and a recurrence of psychiatric symptoms.
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (Maois)
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk of a hypertensive crisis.
Caffeine has been shown to inhibit monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B in laboratory studies. Concomitant intake of large amounts of caffeine with MAOIs might precipitate a hypertensive crisis. In a case report, a patient that consumed 10-12 cups of caffeinated coffee and took the MAOI tranylcypromine presented with severe hypertension. Hypertension was resolved after the patient switched to drinking decaffeinated coffee.
Nicotine
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the risk of hypertension.
Concomitant use of caffeine and nicotine has been shown to have additive cardiovascular effects, including increased heart rate and blood pressure. Blood pressure was increased by 10.8/12.4 mmHg when the agents were used concomitantly.
Pentobarbital (Nembutal)
Theoretically, caffeine might decrease the effects of pentobarbital.
Caffeine might negate the hypnotic effects of pentobarbital.
Phenobarbital (Luminal)
Theoretically, caffeine might reduce the effects of phenobarbital and increase the risk for convulsions.
Animal research suggests that caffeine can decrease the anticonvulsant activity of phenobarbital. However, the exact mechanism of this interaction is unclear.
Phenylpropanolamine
Theoretically, phenylpropanolamine might increase the risk of hypertension, as well as the levels and adverse effects of caffeine.
Concomitant use of phenylpropanolamine and caffeine might cause an additive increase in blood pressure. Phenylpropanolamine also seems to increase caffeine serum levels.
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Theoretically, caffeine might reduce the effects of phenytoin and increase the risk for convulsions.
Animal research suggests that caffeine can decrease the anticonvulsant activity of phenytoin. The effect does not seem to be related to the seizure threshold-lowering effects of caffeine. However, the exact mechanism of this interaction is unclear.
Pioglitazone (Actos)
Theoretically, caffeine might increase the levels and clinical effects of pioglitazone.
Animal research suggests that caffeine can modestly increase the maximum concentration, area under the curve, and half-life of pioglitazone, and also reduce its clearance. This increased the antidiabetic effects of pioglitazone. However, the exact mechanism of this interaction is unclear.
Quinolone Antibiotics
Theoretically, quinolone antibiotics might increase the levels and adverse effects of caffeine.
Quinolones (also called fluoroquinolones) can decrease caffeine clearance by inhibiting cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) enzyme.
Riluzole (Rilutek)
Theoretically, concomitant use might increase the levels and adverse effects of both caffeine and riluzole.
Caffeine and riluzole are both metabolized by cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2), and concomitant use might reduce the metabolism of one or both agents.
Taurine
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, taurine might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Some clinical evidence suggests that taurine can reduce both systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
Lithium
Theoretically, taurine might reduce excretion and increase plasma levels of lithium.
Taurine is thought to have diuretic properties, which might reduce the excretion of lithium.
Vitamin B12
Metformin (Glucophage)
Metformin, a common medication used to manage type 2 diabetes, has been associated with lower vitamin B12 levels in some individuals. Prolonged use of metformin can interfere with the absorption of B12 in the digestive system, potentially leading to a deficiency in this essential vitamin.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor, from the product label.
Vitamin World
See all Vitamin World products- Name
- Vitamin World, Inc.
- City
- Holbrook
- State
- NY
- ZipCode
- 11741
- Phone Number
- 1-800-228-4533
- Web Address
- www.vitaminworld.com
B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor by Vitamin World: Common Questions
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Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
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The Full Monographs Behind B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Vitamin B12
Interacts with 20 drugsVitamin B12 (cobalamin) is an essential nutrient your body needs to make red blood cells, keep nerves healthy, and support DNA. Supplements are very helpful for people who are deficient — su...
Read the full Vitamin B12 monograph → Herb & supplement monographBitter Orange
Interacts with 957 drugsBitter orange is a citrus fruit whose extracts contain synephrine, a mild stimulant often added to weight-loss and energy supplements. Evidence that it works for weight loss or performance i...
Read the full Bitter Orange monograph → Herb & supplement monographCaffeine
Interacts with 655 drugsCaffeine is a natural stimulant found in coffee, tea, and many other plants and products. In moderate amounts it can boost alertness and reduce tiredness for most healthy adults, but too muc...
Read the full Caffeine monograph → Herb & supplement monographTaurine
Interacts with 173 drugsTaurine is an amino acid your body makes naturally and that you also get from animal foods. It is widely used in energy drinks and sports supplements, and short-term use appears generally sa...
Read the full Taurine monograph → Herb & supplement monographGlucuronolactone
Glucuronolactone is a naturally occurring compound that is commonly added to energy drinks and supplements, often alongside caffeine and taurine. There is very little solid human evidence th...
Read the full Glucuronolactone monograph →Sources & How We Checked
B-12 Energy Complex Cinnaberry Flavor's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 336 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Vitamin B12 30 references
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- Hartman TJ, Woodson K, Stolzenberg-Solomon R, et al. Association of the B-vitamins pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (B6), B12, and folate with lung cancer risk in older men. Am J Epidemiol 2001;153:688-94.. DOI
- Jansen T, Romiti R, Kreuter A, Altmeyer P. Rosacea fulminans triggered by high-dose vitamins B6 and B12. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2001;15:484-5..
- Lange H, Suryapranata H, De Luca G, et al. Folate therapy and in-stent restenosis after coronary stenting. N Engl J Med 2004;350:2673-81. PubMed
- Collin, S. M., Metcalfe, C., Refsum, H., Lewis, S. J., Zuccolo, L., Smith, G. D., Chen, L., Harris, R., Davis, M., Marsden, G., Johnston, C., Lane, J. A., Ebbing, M., Bonaa, K. H., Nygard, O., Ueland, P. M., Grau, M. V., Baron, J. A., Donovan, J. L., Nea
- Geissbuhler, P., Mermillod, B., and Rapin, C. H. Elevated serum vitamin B12 levels associated with CRP as a predictive factor of mortality in palliative care cancer patients: a prospective study over five years. J.Pain Symptom.Manage. 2000;20(2):93-103. PubMed
- Salles, N., Herrmann, F., Sakbani, K., Rapin, C. H., and Sieber, C. High vitamin B12 level: a strong predictor of mortality in elderly inpatients. J Am Geriatr.Soc 2005;53(5):917-918.
- Looker, H. C., Fagot-Campagna, A., Gunter, E. W., Pfeiffer, C. M., Sievers, M. L., Bennett, P. H., Nelson, R. G., Hanson, R. L., and Knowler, W. C. Homocysteine and vitamin B(12) concentrations and mortality rates in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab Res R
- Uhl, W., Nolting, A., Golor, G., Rost, K. L., and Kovar, A. Safety of hydroxocobalamin in healthy volunteers in a randomized, placebo-controlled study. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2006;44 Suppl 1:17-28. PubMed
- Borron, S. W., Baud, F. J., Barriot, P., Imbert, M., and Bismuth, C. Prospective study of hydroxocobalamin for acute cyanide poisoning in smoke inhalation. Ann Emerg.Med 2007;49(6):794-801, 801. PubMed
- Borron, S. W., Baud, F. J., Megarbane, B., and Bismuth, C. Hydroxocobalamin for severe acute cyanide poisoning by ingestion or inhalation. Am J Emerg.Med 2007;25(5):551-558. PubMed
- Lewis, J. G. Gout, Steatorrhoea, and Megaloblastic Anaemia. Ann Rheum.Dis 1962;21(3):284-286. PubMed
- Tal, S., Shavit, Y., Stern, F., and Malnick, S. Association between vitamin B12 levels and mortality in hospitalized older adults. J Am Geriatr.Soc 2010;58(3):523-526. PubMed
- Baztan, J. J., Gavidia, J. J., Gomez-Pavon, J., Esteve, A., and Ruiperez, I. High vitamin B12 levels and in-hospital mortality. J Am Geriatr.Soc 2010;58(11):2237-2238. PubMed
- Omboni, E., Checchini, M., and Longoni, F. [Hypopotassemia and megaloblastic anemia. Presentation of a case]. Minerva Med 8-31-1987;78(16):1255-1257.
- Aalfs As, Scholvinck LH, Horvath B. Acneiform eruption in a 5-year old due to vitamin B12 supplementation. Eur J Dermatol 2013;23(5):726-7. PubMed
- Balta I, Ozuguz P. Vitamin B12-induced acneiform eruption. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2014;33(2):94-5. PubMed
- Carman KB, Belgemen T, Yis U. Involuntary movements misdiagnosed as seizure during vitamin B12 treatment. Pediatr Emerg Care 2013;29(11):1223-4. PubMed
- Djuric V, Bogic M, Popadic AP, et al. Anaphylactic reaction to hydroxycobalamin with tolerance to cyanocobalamin. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2012;108(3):207-8. PubMed
- Kartel O, Gulec M, Demirel F, et al. Vitamin B12 allergy and successful desensitization with cyanocobalamin: A case report. Allergol Immunopath (Madr) 2012;40(5):324-5.
- Patiroglu T, Unal E, Yildirim S. Infantile tremor syndrome associated with cobalamin therapy: A case report. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2013;115(9):1903-5. PubMed
- Schulte S, Barkema LW, Kardaun SH. Long-lasting atypical acneiform eruption with prominent comedones induced by hydroxocobalamin (vitamin B12). J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2014;12(6):502-3.
- Zanus C, Alberini E, Costa P, et al. Involuntary movements after correction of vitamin B12 deficiency: A video-case report. Epileptic Disord 2012;14(2):174-80. PubMed
- Fanidi A, Carreras-Torres R, Larose TL, et al. Is high vitamin B12 status a cause of lung cancer? Int J Cancer. 2019 Sep 15;145(6):1499-1503. PubMed
- Fujita Y, Mizukami T, Maya Y, et al. Vitamin B12 allergy manifesting as lymphomatoid contact dermatitis. Eur J Dermatol. 2020;30(3):304-305. PubMed
- Dépret F, Hoffmann C, Daoud L, et al. Association between hydroxocobalamin administration and acute kidney injury after smoke inhalation: a multicenter retrospective study. Crit Care. 2019;23(1):421. PubMed
- Khairan P, Sobue T, Eshak ES, et al. Association of dietary intakes of vitamin B12, vitamin B6, folate, and methionine with the risk of esophageal cancer: the Japan Public Health Center-based (JPHC) prospective study. BMC Cancer 2021;21(1):982. PubMed
- Evans J, Pandya A, Ding Y, Qunibi WY. Hydroxocobalamin-Induced Oxalate Nephropathy in a Patient With Smoke Inhalation. Kidney Int Rep 2021;6(8):2228-2231. PubMed
- Lacombe V, Chabrun F, Lacout C, et al. Persistent elevation of plasma vitamin B12 is strongly associated with solid cancer. Sci Rep 2021;11(1):13361. PubMed
- Pegalajar-García MD, Cebolla-Verdugo M, Prados-Carmona Á, Llamas-Segura C, Navarro-Triviño FJ. Systemic allergic dermatitis to cobalt present in cyanocobalamin supplementation. Contact Dermatitis 2023;89(3):203-205. PubMed
Bitter Orange 47 references
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- Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
- Calapai G, Firenzuoli F, Saitta A, et al. Antiobesity and cardiovascular toxic effects of Citrus aurantium extracts in the rat: A preliminary report. Fitoterapia 1999;70:586-92. DOI
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- Malhotra S, Bailey DG, Paine MF, Watkins PB. Seville orange juice-felodipine interaction: comparison with dilute grapefruit juice and involvement of furocoumarins. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2001;69:14-23. PubMed
- Pellati F, Benvenuti S, Melegari M, Firenzuoli F. Determination of adrenergic agonists from extracts and herbal products of Citrus aurantium L. var. amara by LC. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2002;29:1113-9. . PubMed
- Colker CM, Kalman DS, Torina GC, et al. Effects of Citrus aurantium extract, caffeine, and St. John's wort on body fat loss, lipid levels, and mood states in overweight healthy adults. Curr Ther Res 1999;60:145-153. DOI
- Penzak SR, Acosta EP, Turner M, et al. Effect of Seville orange juice and grapefruit juice on indinavir pharmacokinetics. J Clin Pharmacol 2002;42:1165-70. PubMed
- Edwards DJ, Fitzsimmons ME, Schuetz EG, et al. 6',7'-Dihydroxybergamottin in grapefruit juice and Seville orange juice: effects on cyclosporine disposition, enterocyte CYP3A4, and P-glycoprotein. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1999;65:237-44. PubMed
- Di Marco MP, Edwards DJ, Wainer IW, Ducharme MP. The effect of grapefruit juice and seville orange juice on the pharmacokinetics of dextromethorphan: the role of gut CYP3A and P-glycoprotein. Life Sci 2002;71:1149-60. PubMed
- Visentin V, Morin N, Fontana E, et al. Dual action of octopamine on glucose transport into adipocytes: inhibition via beta3-adrenoceptor activation and stimulation via oxidation by amine oxidases. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2001;299:96-104.
- Nykamp DL, Fackih MN, Compton AL. Possible association of acute lateral-wall myocardial infarction and bitter orange supplement. Ann Pharmacother 2004;38:812-6. PubMed
- Fugh-Berman A, Myers A. Citrus aurantium, an ingredient of dietary supplements marketed for weight loss: Current status of clinical and basic Research. Exp Biol Med 2004;229:698-704.
- Suzuki O, Matsumoto T, Oya M, Katsumata Y. Oxidation of synephrine by type A and type B monoamine oxidase. Experientia 1979;35:1283-4. PubMed
- Nasir JM, Durning SJ, Ferguson M, et al. Exercise-induced syncope associated with QT prolongation and ephedra-free Xenadrine. Mayo Clin Proc 2004;79:1059-62.. PubMed
- Firenzuoli F, Gori L, Galapai C. Adverse reaction to an adrenergic herbal extract (Citrus aurantium). Phytomedicine 2005;12:247-8. PubMed
- Bouchard NC, Howland MA, Greller HA, et al. Ischemic stroke associated with use of an ephedra-free dietary supplement containing synephrine. Mayo Clin Proc 2005;80:541-5. PubMed
- Haller CA, Benowitz NL, Jacob P 3rd. Hemodynamic effects of ephedra-free weight-loss supplements in humans. Am J Med 2005;118:998-1003.. PubMed
- Bui LT, Nguyen DT, Ambrose PJ. Blood pressure and heart rate effects following a single dose of bitter orange. Ann Pharmacother 2006;40:53-7. PubMed
- Min B, Cios D, Kluger J, White CM. Absence of QTc-interval-prolonging or hemodynamic effects of a single dose of bitter-orange extract in healthy subjects. Pharmacotherapy 2005;25:1719-24. PubMed
- Gange CA, Madias C, Felix-Getzik EM, et al. Variant angina associated with bitter orange in a dietary supplement. Mayo Clin Proc 2006;81:545-8. PubMed
- Jordan S, Murty M, Pilon K. Products containing bitter orange or synephrine: suspected cardiovascular adverse reactions. Canadian Adverse Reaction Newsletter 2004;14:3-4.
- Burke J, Seda G, Allen D, Knee TS. A case of severe exercise-induced rhabdomyolysis associated with a weight loss dietary supplement. Mil Med 2007;172:656-8. PubMed
- Gray, S. and Woolf, A. D. Citrus aurantium used for weight loss by an adolescent with anorexia nervosa. J Adolesc.Health 2005;37(5):414-415. PubMed
- Haller, C. A., Duan, M., Jacob, P., III, and Benowitz, N. Human pharmacology of a performance-enhancing dietary supplement under resting and exercise conditions. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2008;65(6):833-840. PubMed
- Thomas, J. E., Munir, J. A., McIntyre, P. Z., and Ferguson, M. A. STEMI in a 24-year-old man after use of a synephrine-containing dietary supplement: a case report and review of the literature. Tex.Heart Inst.J 2009;36(6):586-590.
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