Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 6 of 7 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

BCAA Big 6 Natural Grape Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by NOW Sports

Powder Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

BCAA Big 6 Natural Grape is a dietary supplement by NOW Sports with 7 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for muscle recovery and sports performance, gut health and 'leaky gut', recovery from severe illness or injury.Based on those ingredients, 260 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Sodium, L-Citrulline, Taurine. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

HelloPharmacist Scorecard of BCAA Big 6 Natural Grape by NOW Sports

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 7 of its 7 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

This product contains seven active ingredients designed to support muscle performance and recovery. L-glutamine, L-citrulline, branched-chain amino acids, taurine, sodium, xylitol, and betaine anhydrous work together as a workout supplement.

The rest is inactive ingredients—flavoring, buffers like sodium bicarbonate and citric acid, thickeners, and grape extract for taste and color.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: exercise endurance and recovery from workouts.
  • We looked for evidence on: Athletic performance, Exercise-induced muscle damage, Exercise-induced muscle soreness, Physical performance, Muscle strength, Muscle fatigue — and 3 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: L-citrulline is rated "Possibly Effective" for Athletic performance (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Glutamine is rated "Possibly Ineffective" for Athletic performance.
  • Also on file: Glutamine is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Exercise-induced muscle damage.

The evidence varies ingredient by ingredient. L-glutamine is effective for sickle cell disease and possibly effective for HIV-related muscle wasting and recovery after surgery.

L-citrulline is possibly effective for athletic performance. Taurine is possibly effective for heart failure and liver inflammation.

Xylitol is likely effective for dental cavity prevention and possibly effective for ear infections. Betaine anhydrous is effective for a rare genetic condition called homocystinuria and possibly effective for elevated homocysteine levels.

For most other uses mentioned in the research—cardiovascular health, diabetes, sarcopenia, and others—the evidence is either insufficient or suggests little to no benefit.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Glutamine Sodium L-citrulline Xylitol Betaine Anhydrous Taurine

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 6 of the 6 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 6 of 6.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 6 of 6.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

L-glutamine is generally well tolerated in healthy adults but should only be used under medical supervision if you have kidney or liver disease. Common side effects include belching, bloating, gas, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, especially at higher doses.

Sodium is well tolerated at normal dietary levels but too much is tied to high blood pressure and heart strain; avoid extra sodium supplements without medical advice. L-citrulline is generally well tolerated in short term but long-term safety isn't fully established; gastrointestinal discomfort and heartburn are possible.

Xylitol is generally safe at food amounts but can cause diarrhea and bloating at very high doses and is toxic to dogs. Betaine anhydrous is generally well tolerated but can cause body odor, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

Taurine is generally well tolerated short-term; constipation, diarrhea, and indigestion are possible. Pregnancy safety is likely safe for L-glutamine and taurine but not enough data exists for L-citrulline, xylitol, or betaine anhydrous—talk with your doctor.

Breastfeeding safety data is limited for most ingredients; use caution and consult your healthcare provider.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Glutamine Sodium L-citrulline Xylitol Betaine Anhydrous Taurine

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 4 of the 6 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Glutamine, Taurine, L-citrulline, Sodium.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: seizure medications; lithium.
  • For scale: 260 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking this product, double-check if you take blood pressure medications (antihypertensive drugs), anticonvulsants (seizure drugs), lithium, steroids (corticosteroids), erectile-dysfunction medications (phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors), HIV medications like didanosine, or sodium-containing drugs or supplements. All of these have moderate interactions with one or more ingredients in this formula.

Use the medication checker on this page with your exact prescriptions.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This is a multi-ingredient workout supplement meant for athletic performance and muscle recovery. If you take blood pressure medications, seizure drugs, lithium, HIV drugs, or medications containing sodium, you need to check your specific medications with the tool below before using this product.

Talk to your pharmacist or doctor, especially if you have kidney or liver disease or are pregnant or breastfeeding.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 6 of 7 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Oct 24, 2024.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about BCAA Big 6 Natural Grape, straight from the product label.

Brand NOW Sports
Barcode (UPC) 733739001191
Net contents 600 Gram(s); 21.16 Ounce(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Oct 24, 2024
DSLD ID 314243
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Powder
Dietary claims / uses Nutrient, All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Vegan, Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Kosher, Gluten Free, Dairy Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for BCAA Big 6 Natural Grape by NOW Sports, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
19 Gram(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
19 Gram(s)
Servings per container
32
UPC/BARCODE
733739001191
IngredientAmount% DV
Calories25 Calorie(s)--
Total Carbohydrates7 Gram(s)3%
L-Glutamine1 Gram(s)--
Sodium240 mg10%
L-Citrulline1 Gram(s)--
Xylitol2 Gram(s)--
Branched-Chain Amino Acids5 Gram(s)--
Betaine Anhydrous1.5 Gram(s)--
Taurine1 Gram(s)--

Other ingredients: Natural Flavors, Sodium Bicarbonate powder, Citric Acid, Tartaric Acid, Silicon Dioxide, Malic Acid, Grape skin extract, Guar Gum, Stevia Leaf Extract, Xanthan Gum

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested Usage: Add 1 level scoop of BCAA Big 6 to a glass or shaker cup filled with 14-16 oz. of water or your favorite beverage. Stir or shake vigorously for about 15-20 seconds to ensure a good mix. Can be taken before, during, or after exercise.

Formulation

BCAA Big 6 is an advanced caffeine-free sports supplement formulated to support exercise endurance and recovery from intense workouts.

Endurance Recovery

Steroid free

Vegan

Not manufactured with wheat, gluten, soy, milk, egg, fish, shellfish or tree nut ingredients.

Natural color variation may occur in this product.

Made and quality tested in the USA with globally sourced ingredients.

Formula

BCAA Big 6 features branched-chained amino acids (BCAAs) to support muscle retention and recovery, and betaine to help maintain fluid balance during exercise. BCAA Big 6 also has taurine, which can further support endurance. BCAA Big 6 includes citrulline and glutamine to complement this formula.

Amino acids 6 Amino acids 5 g BCAAs 1.5 g Betaine

Triangle K (Kosher)

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Precautions

Caution: For adults only. Keep out of reach of children.

Consult physician if pregnant/nursing, taking medication (including antihypertensive, nitrates, vasodilating drugs and/or diuretic medications), or have a medical condition (including heart and/or conditions affecting blood pressure).

Contains xylitol, which is harmful to pets. Do not eat freshness packet enclosed.

Not manufactured with wheat, gluten, soy, milk, egg, fish, shellfish or tree nut ingredients. Produced in a GMP facility that processes other ingredients containing these allergens.

Seals/Symbols

GMP Quality Assured

Informed-choice.org Trusted by sport Triangle K (Kosher)

FDA Statement of Identity

A Dietary Supplement

Storage

Store in a cool, dry, dark place after opening.

See for yourself

BCAA Big 6 Natural Grape by NOW Sports label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

What’s inside

The Ingredients in BCAA Big 6 Natural Grape by NOW Sports

These are the 7 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size19 Gram(s) Dosage formPowder Servings per container32 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

L-Glutamine

Interacts with
50 drugs
1 Gram(s) per serving

Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in the body and is usually made in your muscles. A prescription form is FDA-approved to help reduce sickle c...

L-Glutamine monograph & interactions

Sodium

Interacts with
205 drugs
240 mg per serving

Sodium is an essential mineral and electrolyte your body needs to balance fluids, support nerves, and help muscles work. Most people in modern diets g...

Sodium monograph & interactions

L-Citrulline

Interacts with
178 drugs
1 Gram(s) per serving

L-citrulline is an amino acid that the body turns into L-arginine to help make nitric oxide, which relaxes blood vessels and may improve blood flow. I...

L-Citrulline monograph & interactions

Xylitol

No known
interactions
2 Gram(s) per serving

Xylitol is a sugar alcohol used as a low-calorie sweetener that has the best-supported benefit for reducing cavities, especially in chewing gum or loz...

Xylitol monograph & interactions

Branched-Chain Amino Acids

5 Gram(s) per serving Form: L-Isoleucine, L-Leucine, L-Valine

Betaine Anhydrous

No known
interactions
1.5 Gram(s) per serving Form: TMG

Betaine anhydrous (also called trimethylglycine) is a compound found in foods like beets, spinach, and whole grains, and is sold as a supplement and a...

Betaine Anhydrous monograph & interactions

Taurine

Interacts with
173 drugs
1 Gram(s) per serving

Taurine is an amino acid your body makes naturally and that you also get from animal foods. It is widely used in energy drinks and sports supplements,...

Taurine monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Natural Flavors, Sodium Bicarbonate powder, Citric Acid, Tartaric Acid, Silicon Dioxide, Malic Acid, Grape skin extract, Guar Gum, Stevia Leaf Extract, Xanthan Gum. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

BCAA Big 6 Natural Grape by NOW Sports Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against BCAA Big 6 Natural Grape?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

Go to the checker
260Drugs
260 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Sodium 205
Taurine 173

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in BCAA Big 6 Natural Grape with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Sodium7 drug types · 205 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, a high intake of dietary sodium might reduce the effectiveness of antihypertensive drugs.
High intake of dietary sodium can increase systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Also, high intake of sodium may necessitate increased use of antihypertensive medications to achieve blood pressure control in some patients, such as those with chronic kidney disease.

Likelihood Probable Evidence A
Corticosteroids

Concomitant use of mineralocorticoids and some glucocorticoids with sodium supplements might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Mineralocorticoids and some glucocorticoids (corticosteroids) cause sodium retention. This effect is dose-related and depends on mineralocorticoid potency. It is most common with hydrocortisone, cortisone, and fludrocortisone, followed by prednisone and prednisolone.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Didanosine (Videx)

Concomitant use of didanosine with additional sodium from dietary or supplemental sources may increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Didanosine formulations contain a significant amount of sodium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Lithium

Altering dietary intake of sodium might alter the levels and clinical effects of lithium.
High sodium intake can reduce plasma concentrations of lithium by increasing lithium excretion. Reducing sodium intake can significantly increase plasma concentrations of lithium and cause lithium toxicity in patients being treated with lithium carbonate. Stabilizing sodium intake is shown to reduce the percentage of patients with lithium level fluctuations above 0.8 mEq/L. Patients taking lithium should avoid significant alterations in their dietary intake of sodium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Sodium Phosphates

Theoretically, concomitant use of sodium phosphate with sodium supplements might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Use of high doses (> 45 mL in 24 hours) of sodium phosphate, such as those used for bowel cleansing before surgery, can lead to serious electrolyte disturbances, including hypernatremia. The risk of hypernatremia is highest in the elderly and people with other risk factors for electrolyte disturbances.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Sodium-Containing Drugs

Concomitant use of sodium-containing drugs with additional sodium from dietary or supplemental sources may increase the risk of hypernatremia and long-term sodium-related complications.
The Chronic Disease Risk Reduction (CDRR) intake level of 2.3 grams of sodium daily indicates the intake at which it is believed that chronic disease risk increases for the apparently healthy population. Some medications contain high quantities of sodium. When used in conjunction with sodium supplements or high-sodium diets, the CDRR may be exceeded. Additionally, concomitant use may increase the risk for hypernatremia; this risk is highest in the elderly and people with other risk factors for electrolyte disturbances.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Tolvaptan (Samsca)

Theoretically, concomitant use of tolvaptan with sodium might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Tolvaptan is a vasopressin receptor 2 antagonist that is used to increase sodium levels in patients with hyponatremia. Patients taking tolvaptan should use caution with the use of sodium salts such as sodium chloride.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C

L-Citrulline2 drug types · 178 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of L-citrulline with antihypertensive drugs might have additive effects and increase the chance of hypotension.
L-citrulline is converted to L-arginine, which can increase nitric oxide and cause vasodilation. However, a meta-analysis of 5 small clinical studies suggests that taking L-citrulline 3-6 grams daily for 1-8 weeks does not lower blood pressure when compared with control.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors

Theoretically, concurrent use of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors and L-citrulline might result in additive vasodilation.
L-citrulline is converted to L-arginine, which can increase nitric oxide and cause vasodilation. Theoretically, taking L-arginine with PDE-5 inhibitors might have additive vasodilatory and hypotensive effects. However, in studies evaluating the combined use of L-arginine and sildenafil for erectile dysfunction, hypotension was not reported.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Taurine2 drug types · 173 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, taurine might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Some clinical evidence suggests that taurine can reduce both systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Lithium

Theoretically, taurine might reduce excretion and increase plasma levels of lithium.
Taurine is thought to have diuretic properties, which might reduce the excretion of lithium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D

L-Glutamine1 drug type · 50 drugs

Anticonvulsants

Theoretically, glutamine might antagonize the effects of anticonvulsant medications.
Glutamine is metabolized to the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. Glutamate might have antagonistic effects with anticonvulsant drugs. However, this interaction has not yet been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for BCAA Big 6 Natural Grape, from the product label.

NOW Sports

See all NOW Sports products
Name
NOW FOODS
Street Address
395 S. Glen Ellyn Rd.
City
Bloomingdale
State
IL
ZipCode
60108
Web Address
nowsportsproducts.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

BCAA Big 6 Natural Grape by NOW Sports: Common Questions

Does BCAA Big 6 Natural Grape by NOW Sports interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, BCAA Big 6 Natural Grape has a known interaction with 260 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
BCAA Big 6 Natural Grape contains 7 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is it safe to use if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
L-glutamine and taurine are likely safe in pregnancy, but there isn't enough data for L-citrulline, xylitol, or betaine anhydrous—you'll want to talk with your doctor or pharmacist for personalized advice. For breastfeeding, taurine occurs naturally in breast milk so is likely safe, but data on supplement amounts for the other ingredients is limited; again, check with your healthcare provider.
What are the most common side effects?
From L-glutamine, you might get belching, bloating, gas, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or constipation—especially if you take a lot. L-citrulline may cause heartburn or mild stomach discomfort. Xylitol at high doses can trigger diarrhea and gas. Betaine can cause body odor, nausea, and diarrhea. Taurine may cause constipation or indigestion.
Does it actually work for building muscle or athletic performance?
L-citrulline is possibly effective for athletic performance. The other ingredients have limited or insufficient evidence for muscle-building itself, though some (like L-glutamine and taurine) have shown promise for specific medical uses like post-surgery recovery or heart health. This product is marketed as a general workout aid, but strong evidence for that broad claim isn't in our data.
Can I take this with my blood pressure medication?
This product contains three ingredients—sodium, L-citrulline, and taurine—that can all lower blood pressure or interact with blood pressure drugs and potentially cause too much of a drop. Don't start this product without checking with your pharmacist or doctor first about your specific medication.
What's the sodium content, and is it a concern?
The product contains sodium as an active ingredient, but the exact amount per serving isn't listed in the label data we have. If you're watching sodium intake, have high blood pressure, or take lithium or certain other medications, ask your pharmacist about the sodium amount before using this.
Is this product safe for someone with kidney or liver disease?
L-glutamine should only be used under medical supervision if you have kidney or liver disease because it's processed by these organs. Talk with your doctor before starting any supplement if you have kidney or liver problems.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if BCAA Big 6 Natural Grape is safe with your meds?

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Ask a pharmacist

Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

BCAA Big 6 Natural Grape label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind BCAA Big 6 Natural Grape’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Glutamine

Interacts with 50 drugs

Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in the body and is usually made in your muscles. A prescription form is FDA-approved to help reduce sickle cell disease complications, but for most...

Read the full Glutamine monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Sodium

Interacts with 205 drugs

Sodium is an essential mineral and electrolyte your body needs to balance fluids, support nerves, and help muscles work. Most people in modern diets get more than enough—often too much—from...

Read the full Sodium monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

L-citrulline

Interacts with 178 drugs

L-citrulline is an amino acid that the body turns into L-arginine to help make nitric oxide, which relaxes blood vessels and may improve blood flow. It is popular for exercise performance an...

Read the full L-citrulline monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Xylitol

Xylitol is a sugar alcohol used as a low-calorie sweetener that has the best-supported benefit for reducing cavities, especially in chewing gum or lozenges. It is generally safe for people i...

Read the full Xylitol monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Betaine Anhydrous

Betaine anhydrous (also called trimethylglycine) is a compound found in foods like beets, spinach, and whole grains, and is sold as a supplement and as a prescription medicine for a rare gen...

Read the full Betaine Anhydrous monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Taurine

Interacts with 173 drugs

Taurine is an amino acid your body makes naturally and that you also get from animal foods. It is widely used in energy drinks and sports supplements, and short-term use appears generally sa...

Read the full Taurine monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

BCAA Big 6 Natural Grape's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 96 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Glutamine 11 references
  1. Miller AL. Therapeutic considerations of L-glutamine: a review of the literature. Altern Med Rev 1999;4:239-48..
  2. Bozzetti F, Biganzoli L, Gavazzi C, et al. Glutamine supplementation in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: a double-blind randomized study. Nutrition 1997;13:748-51.. PubMed
  3. Mebane AH. L-Glutamine and mania. Am J Psychiatry 984;141:1302-3.
  4. Meldrum BS. Glutamate as a neurotransmitter in the brain: review of physiology and pathology. J Nutr 2000;130:1007S-15S.. PubMed
  5. Garlick PJ. Assessment of the safety of glutamine and other amino acids. J Nutr 2001;131:2556S-61S.. PubMed
  6. Chapman AG. Glutamate and epilepsy. J Nutr 2000;130:1043S-5S.. PubMed
  7. Ziegler TR. Glutamine supplementation in cancer patients receiving bone marrow transplantation and high dose chemotherapy. J Nutr 2001;131:2578S-84S.. PubMed
  8. Laviano A, Molfino A, Lacaria MT, Canelli A, De Leo S, Preziosa I, Rossi Fanelli F. Glutamine supplementation favors weight loss in nondieting obese female patients. A pilot study. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2014 Nov;68(11):1264-6. PubMed
  9. Endari (l-glutamine) [package insert]. Torrance, CA: Emmaus Medical,Inc; 2017.
  10. Niihara Y, Miller ST, Kanter J, et al. A Phase 3 Trial of l-Glutamine in Sickle Cell Disease. N Engl J Med 2018;379(3):226-35. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1715971.
  11. Ogden HB, Child RB, Fallowfield JL, et al. Gastrointestinal Tolerance of Low, Medium and High Dose Acute Oral l-Glutamine Supplementation in Healthy Adults: A Pilot Study. Nutrients. 2020;12(10):2953. PubMed

See these in context on the Glutamine monograph →

Sodium 38 references
  1. Garabedian-Ruffalo SM, Ruffalo RL. Drug and nutrient interactions. Am Fam Physician 1986;33:165-74.
  2. Food and Drug Administration Science Background: Safety of Sodium Phosphates Oral Solution. September 17, 2001. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/safety/sodiumphospate.htm
  3. Coton T, Mallaret C, Coilliot C, Carre D, Guisset M. Severe acute ulcerated gastritis induced by salt. Presse Med 2009;38(3):499-500. PubMed
  4. Frings-Meuthen P, Buehlmeier J, Baecker N, et al. High sodium chloride intake exacerbates immobilization-induced bone resorption and protein losses. J Appl Physiol 2011;111(2):537-542. PubMed
  5. Frings-Meuthen P, Baecker N, Heer M. Low-grade metabolic acidosis may be the cause of sodium chloride-induced exaggerated bone resorption. J Bone Miner Res 2008;23(4):517-524. PubMed
  6. Alam S, Johnson AG. A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCT) among healthy normotensive and essential hypertensive elderly patients to determine the effect of high salt (NaCl) diet of blood pressure. J Hum Hypertens 1999;13(6):367-74.
  7. Boudville N, Ward S, Benaroia M, House AA. Increased sodium intake correlates with greater use of antihypertensive agents by subjects with chronic kidney disease. Am J Hypertens 2005;18(10):1300-5. PubMed
  8. Bennett WM. Drug interactions and consequences of sodium restriction. Am J Clin Nutr 1997;65(2 Suppl):678S-681S. PubMed
  9. Okusa MD, Crystal LJ. Clinical manifestations and management of acute lithium intoxication. Am J Med 1994;97(4):383-9. PubMed
  10. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary reference intakes for water, potassium, sodium, chloride, and sulfate. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2005. Available at: http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10925. DOI
  11. D'Elia L, Rossi G, Ippolito R, Cappuccio FP, Strazzullo P. Habitual salt intake and risk of gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Clin Nutr 2012;31(4):489-98. PubMed
  12. Goldsmith SR. Hyponatremia in heart failure: time for a trial. J Card Fail 2013;19(6):398-400. PubMed
  13. Willocks L, Brettle R, Keen J, Valentine C, Pinching AJ. Formulations of didanosine (ddI) and salt overload. Lancet 1992;339(8786):190.
  14. Chen L, Zhang Z, Chen W, Whelton PK, Appel LJ. Lower Sodium Intake and Risk of Headaches: Results From the Trial of Nonpharmacologic Interventions in the Elderly. Am J Public Health. 2016;106(7):1270-5. PubMed
  15. Cook NR, Appel LJ, Whelton PK. Lower levels of sodium intake and reduced cardiovascular risk. Circulation. 2014;129(9):981-9. PubMed
  16. Cook NR, Appel LJ, Whelton PK. Sodium Intake and All-Cause Mortality Over 20 Years in the Trials of Hypertension Prevention. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;68(15):1609-1617. PubMed
  17. Mente A, O'Donnell M, Rangarajan S, et al. Associations of urinary sodium excretion with cardiovascular events in individuals with and without hypertension: a pooled analysis of data from four studies. Lancet. 2016;388(10043):465-75. PubMed
  18. Moosavian SP, Haghighatdoost F, Surkan PJ, Azadbakht L. Salt and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2017;68(3):265-277. PubMed
  19. O'Donnell M, Mente A, Rangarajan S, et al. Urinary sodium and potassium excretion, mortality, and cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(7):612-23. DOI
  20. Poggio R, Gutierrez L, Matta MG, Elorriaga N, Irazola V, Rubinstein A. Daily sodium consumption and CVD mortality in the general population: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Public Health Nutr. 2015;18(4):695-704. PubMed
  21. Stallings VA, Harrison M, Oria M; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium, Food and Nutrition Board, Health and Medicine Division, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington (DC): National Acad
  22. Mahtani KR, Heneghan C, Onakpoya I, et al. Reduced Salt Intake for Heart Failure: A Systematic Review. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Dec 1;178(12):1693-1700. PubMed
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L-citrulline 8 references
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Xylitol 7 references
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Betaine Anhydrous 11 references
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Taurine 21 references
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  20. Higgins JP, Liras GN, Liras IN, et al. Energy Drink Effects on Hemodynamics and Endothelial Function in Young Adults. Cardiology. 2021;146(2):258-262. PubMed
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Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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