Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 2 of 3 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Collagen Peptides Bio+ Unflavored Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by BioSchwartz

Collagen Peptides Bio+ Unflavored label
See full label image
Powder Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 9, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Collagen Peptides Bio+ Unflavored against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Collagen Peptides Bio+ Unflavored is a dietary supplement by BioSchwartz with 3 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for replacing fluids and electrolytes, preventing dehydration during exercise or illness, treating low blood sodium (under medical care).Based on those ingredients, 205 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Sodium. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Collagen Peptides Bio+ Unflavored by BioSchwartz

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Collagen Peptides Bio+ Unflavored by BioSchwartz — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
Prefer a human? Send your question to our licensed pharmacists — free, answered by email within 24 hours.

HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Collagen Peptides Bio+ Unflavored by BioSchwartz

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 12, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 2 of its 2 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

This powder contains two active ingredients. Sodium provides an electrolyte your body needs for nerve and muscle function, though the facts here focus on its medication interactions and dietary risks rather than its role as a nutrient.

Bovine collagen peptides are a protein derived from cattle — they're the building blocks that make up the collagen in skin, bone, and connective tissue throughout your body.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Promotes healthy skin, hair, nails, bones and joints.
  • We looked for evidence on: Aging skin, Brittle nails, Cellulite, Dermatoporosis, Dry skin, Exercise-induced muscle damage — and 4 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Collagen Peptides is rated "Possibly Effective" for Aging skin (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Collagen Peptides is rated "Possibly Effective" for Dry skin.
  • Also on file: Collagen Peptides is rated "Possibly Ineffective" for Muscle strength.

The collagen peptides may help with aging skin and dry skin — the evidence rates both as Possibly Effective. For muscle strength, the evidence suggests it's Possibly Ineffective.

The data we hold doesn't establish effectiveness for acne or athletic performance. As for sodium itself, it's rated Likely Effective for cystic fibrosis and Possibly Effective for certain kidney damage from amphotericin B, but those aren't typical reasons someone would take this product.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Sodium Collagen Peptides

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 2 of the 2 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 2 of 2.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 2 of 2.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Bovine collagen peptides are generally well tolerated as a dietary protein; side effects like nausea, indigestion, diarrhea, and bloating are rare. Sodium is fine in normal dietary amounts, but too much is linked to high blood pressure and heart strain, and the facts advise against sodium supplements or very high intake without medical guidance.

Serious side effects from sodium (worsened heart disease, high blood pressure, kidney disease) are rare when intake stays within recommended limits, but observational research links high sodium to gastric cancer risk and low sodium to osteoporosis risk — balance matters. For pregnancy, sodium is rated Likely Safe but also Possibly Unsafe depending on context; collagen peptides haven't been well studied in pregnancy, so talk with your doctor.

During breastfeeding, little safety data exists for collagen peptides, so caution is advised.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Sodium Collagen Peptides

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 1 of the 2 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Sodium.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: lithium.
  • For scale: 205 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Double-check before you start if you take blood pressure medications, lithium, corticosteroids, didanosine, or any other sodium-containing drugs or supplements. High sodium can reduce blood pressure medication effectiveness and can dangerously raise sodium levels or lithium levels in your blood, depending on what you're taking.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

If you're looking to support skin health or get extra protein, the collagen peptides themselves are generally well tolerated and show some promise for aging and dry skin. But the sodium in this product is a real consideration — anyone on blood pressure meds, taking lithium, using corticosteroids, or managing heart or kidney issues should check with their pharmacist before starting.

The sodium content matters here.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 2 of 2 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jun 24, 2020.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Collagen Peptides Bio+ Unflavored, straight from the product label.

Brand BioSchwartz
Barcode (UPC) 0737212751252
Net contents 16 Ounce(s); 454 Gram(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jun 24, 2020
DSLD ID 228014
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Powder
Dietary claims / uses Nutrient, All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free, Sugar Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Collagen Peptides Bio+ Unflavored by BioSchwartz, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
11 Gram(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
11 Gram(s)
Servings per container
41
UPC/BARCODE
0737212751252
IngredientAmount% DV
Calories40 Calorie(s)--
Sodium63 mg3%
Protein10 Gram(s)--
Bovine Collagen Peptides11 Gram(s)--

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formulation

What makes our collagen different? BioSchwartz has developed this unique formula with our team of professionals using stringent quality-control standards to ensure a premium boost of collagen to our consumers.

Exceptional Bioavailability - This clinically developed formula features small highly bioavailable peptide particles which are easily absorbed to stimulate collagen production at the cellular level for maximum results.

Made with Purity Tested/Allergen Free Ingredients - This neutral tasting formula, contains no artificial colors, flavors, sweeteners, preservatives, fillers. binders or harmful chemicals. It is free of lactose, gluten, soy, wheat, milk, tree nuts, peanuts, eggs and fish/shellfish.

Promotes healthy skin, hair & nails Supports bones & joints

Our commitment to quality - "At BioSchwartz, we create superior products through the perfect balance of the latest technologies and the finest nutrients nature has to offer. We are committed to providing the highest quality supplements without the premium price tag."

Does not contain any major allergens identified by FALCPA.

Unflavored and taste-free

Healthy skin, hair & nails Supports bones & joints

Free of soy, gluten, milk, egg, wheat, peanuts, sweeteners, shellfish and sugar. No artificial ingredients, GMOs, chemicals, color additives, peanuts or preservatives.

Proudly made in the USA

Formula

Hydrolyzed Collagen Peptides- Our proprietary collagen peptide blend contains Type I & III collagen with a combination of over 18 amino acids sourced from Non-GMO, pasture-raised, pasture-fed cows.

Bovine hydrolyzed protein Type I & Type III collagen with 18 amino acids

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Stirs in and mixes easily

Suggested Use: Combine one scoop into your favorite beverage or meal 1-2 times a day, mix thoroughly; Collagen Peptides will clump in cold water.

Helpful Tip: If you want to enjoy Collagen Peptides in cold liquid, simply mix into room temperature liquid first and then add ice.

The benefits of supplementing with Collagen Peptides are typically felt after 30 - 60 days of continued use.

Seals/Symbols

Premium quality Professional grade supplements

Professional Grade

Made in USA Gluten free ingredients GMP Good Manufacturing Practice 3rd Party certified 100% Natural Highest Quality

Precautions

Caution: Do not exceed recommended dose.

Pregnant or nursing mothers, children under age of 18, and individuals with a known medical condition or who are taking any medications should consult a physician before using this or any dietary supplement.

Notice: Collagen is not a complete protein Do not use to replace dietary protein or for weight reduction.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Do not use if safety seal is damaged or missing.

Pregnant or nursing mothers, children under age of 18, and individuals with a known medical condition or who are taking any medications should consult a physician before using this or any dietary supplement.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

General Statements

Questions about our product? We are here to help you! Email our team at [email protected]

Packaged by weight not volume Settling of contents may occur and cannot be avoided

Best selling brand

Typical Amino Acid Profile List AA/100g Protein Typical g Alanine 8.1 Arginine 8.4 Aspartic acid 6.6 Glutamic acid 12.4 Glycine 20.6 Histidine 0.8 Hydroxylysine 1.2 Hydroxyproline 11.4 Isoleucine 1.5 Leucine 2.9 Lysine 3.4 Methionine 0.6 Phenylalanine 2.1 Proline 11.5 Serine 3.4 Threonine 1.9 Tyrosine 0.5 Valine 2.4 Essential amino acids

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Collagen Peptides Bio+ Unflavored by BioSchwartz label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Collagen Peptides Bio+ Unflavored label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Collagen Peptides Bio+ Unflavored by BioSchwartz

These are the 3 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size11 Gram(s) Dosage formPowder Servings per container41 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Sodium

Interacts with
205 drugs
63 mg per serving

Sodium is an essential mineral and electrolyte your body needs to balance fluids, support nerves, and help muscles work. Most people in modern diets g...

Sodium monograph & interactions

Protein

10 Gram(s) per serving

Bovine Collagen Peptides

No known
interactions
11 Gram(s) per serving

Collagen peptides are a well-absorbed form of protein that may modestly improve skin elasticity and joint comfort for some people, though evidence is...

Bovine Collagen Peptides monograph & interactions
Interaction report

Collagen Peptides Bio+ Unflavored by BioSchwartz Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Collagen Peptides Bio+ Unflavored?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
205Drugs
205 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Sodium 205

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Collagen Peptides Bio+ Unflavored interact with 205 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

1 of the 3 ingredients in Collagen Peptides Bio+ Unflavored interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Sodium

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Collagen Peptides Bio+ Unflavored with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Sodium7 drug types · 205 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, a high intake of dietary sodium might reduce the effectiveness of antihypertensive drugs.
High intake of dietary sodium can increase systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Also, high intake of sodium may necessitate increased use of antihypertensive medications to achieve blood pressure control in some patients, such as those with chronic kidney disease.

Likelihood Probable Evidence A
Corticosteroids

Concomitant use of mineralocorticoids and some glucocorticoids with sodium supplements might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Mineralocorticoids and some glucocorticoids (corticosteroids) cause sodium retention. This effect is dose-related and depends on mineralocorticoid potency. It is most common with hydrocortisone, cortisone, and fludrocortisone, followed by prednisone and prednisolone.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Didanosine (Videx)

Concomitant use of didanosine with additional sodium from dietary or supplemental sources may increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Didanosine formulations contain a significant amount of sodium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Lithium

Altering dietary intake of sodium might alter the levels and clinical effects of lithium.
High sodium intake can reduce plasma concentrations of lithium by increasing lithium excretion. Reducing sodium intake can significantly increase plasma concentrations of lithium and cause lithium toxicity in patients being treated with lithium carbonate. Stabilizing sodium intake is shown to reduce the percentage of patients with lithium level fluctuations above 0.8 mEq/L. Patients taking lithium should avoid significant alterations in their dietary intake of sodium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Sodium Phosphates

Theoretically, concomitant use of sodium phosphate with sodium supplements might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Use of high doses (> 45 mL in 24 hours) of sodium phosphate, such as those used for bowel cleansing before surgery, can lead to serious electrolyte disturbances, including hypernatremia. The risk of hypernatremia is highest in the elderly and people with other risk factors for electrolyte disturbances.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Sodium-Containing Drugs

Concomitant use of sodium-containing drugs with additional sodium from dietary or supplemental sources may increase the risk of hypernatremia and long-term sodium-related complications.
The Chronic Disease Risk Reduction (CDRR) intake level of 2.3 grams of sodium daily indicates the intake at which it is believed that chronic disease risk increases for the apparently healthy population. Some medications contain high quantities of sodium. When used in conjunction with sodium supplements or high-sodium diets, the CDRR may be exceeded. Additionally, concomitant use may increase the risk for hypernatremia; this risk is highest in the elderly and people with other risk factors for electrolyte disturbances.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Tolvaptan (Samsca)

Theoretically, concomitant use of tolvaptan with sodium might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Tolvaptan is a vasopressin receptor 2 antagonist that is used to increase sodium levels in patients with hyponatremia. Patients taking tolvaptan should use caution with the use of sodium salts such as sodium chloride.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Sodium full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Collagen Peptides Bio+ Unflavored, from the product label.

BioSchwartz

See all BioSchwartz products
Name
BioSchwartz
City
New York
State
NY
ZipCode
10019
Phone Number
1 (855) 739-2206
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Collagen Peptides Bio+ Unflavored by BioSchwartz: Common Questions

Does Collagen Peptides Bio+ Unflavored by BioSchwartz interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Collagen Peptides Bio+ Unflavored has a known interaction with 205 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Collagen Peptides Bio+ Unflavored contains 3 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Will this help my skin?
The collagen peptides in this product show possibly effective evidence for aging skin and dry skin, so some people do see benefits — but results vary. It's not a guarantee.
Is it safe if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
Sodium is rated Likely Safe but also Possibly Unsafe in pregnancy depending on your situation — talk with your doctor about whether extra sodium is right for you. Collagen peptides haven't been well studied in pregnancy or breastfeeding, so your doctor can give you personalized advice.
What are the side effects?
Collagen peptides may rarely cause nausea, indigestion, diarrhea, or bloating. Sodium in normal amounts is well tolerated, but high intake is linked to high blood pressure and heart strain — serious side effects like worsened heart or kidney disease are rare but possible if you're taking too much.
Can I take this with blood pressure medication?
You need to check with your pharmacist first. The sodium in this product can reduce how well blood pressure meds work, and your dose might need adjustment — it's an individual decision based on your specific medication and health.
How much sodium is actually in one serving?
The product facts we have don't list the sodium amount per serving, so contact the manufacturer or your pharmacist to find out exactly how much you're getting per dose.
Is this the same as eating salty food?
Not quite — this is a concentrated sodium supplement, so it adds to whatever salt you eat in your diet. Normal dietary sodium is fine, but supplements mean you can easily exceed recommended limits without realizing it.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Collagen Peptides Bio+ Unflavored is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Collagen Peptides Bio+ Unflavored label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Collagen Peptides Bio+ Unflavored’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Sodium

Interacts with 205 drugs

Sodium is an essential mineral and electrolyte your body needs to balance fluids, support nerves, and help muscles work. Most people in modern diets get more than enough—often too much—from...

Read the full Sodium monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Collagen Peptides

Collagen peptides are a well-absorbed form of protein that may modestly improve skin elasticity and joint comfort for some people, though evidence is still developing and results vary. They...

Read the full Collagen Peptides monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Collagen Peptides Bio+ Unflavored's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 40 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Sodium 38 references
  1. Garabedian-Ruffalo SM, Ruffalo RL. Drug and nutrient interactions. Am Fam Physician 1986;33:165-74.
  2. Food and Drug Administration Science Background: Safety of Sodium Phosphates Oral Solution. September 17, 2001. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/safety/sodiumphospate.htm
  3. Coton T, Mallaret C, Coilliot C, Carre D, Guisset M. Severe acute ulcerated gastritis induced by salt. Presse Med 2009;38(3):499-500. PubMed
  4. Frings-Meuthen P, Buehlmeier J, Baecker N, et al. High sodium chloride intake exacerbates immobilization-induced bone resorption and protein losses. J Appl Physiol 2011;111(2):537-542. PubMed
  5. Frings-Meuthen P, Baecker N, Heer M. Low-grade metabolic acidosis may be the cause of sodium chloride-induced exaggerated bone resorption. J Bone Miner Res 2008;23(4):517-524. PubMed
  6. Alam S, Johnson AG. A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCT) among healthy normotensive and essential hypertensive elderly patients to determine the effect of high salt (NaCl) diet of blood pressure. J Hum Hypertens 1999;13(6):367-74.
  7. Boudville N, Ward S, Benaroia M, House AA. Increased sodium intake correlates with greater use of antihypertensive agents by subjects with chronic kidney disease. Am J Hypertens 2005;18(10):1300-5. PubMed
  8. Bennett WM. Drug interactions and consequences of sodium restriction. Am J Clin Nutr 1997;65(2 Suppl):678S-681S. PubMed
  9. Okusa MD, Crystal LJ. Clinical manifestations and management of acute lithium intoxication. Am J Med 1994;97(4):383-9. PubMed
  10. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary reference intakes for water, potassium, sodium, chloride, and sulfate. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2005. Available at: http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10925. DOI
  11. D'Elia L, Rossi G, Ippolito R, Cappuccio FP, Strazzullo P. Habitual salt intake and risk of gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Clin Nutr 2012;31(4):489-98. PubMed
  12. Goldsmith SR. Hyponatremia in heart failure: time for a trial. J Card Fail 2013;19(6):398-400. PubMed
  13. Willocks L, Brettle R, Keen J, Valentine C, Pinching AJ. Formulations of didanosine (ddI) and salt overload. Lancet 1992;339(8786):190.
  14. Chen L, Zhang Z, Chen W, Whelton PK, Appel LJ. Lower Sodium Intake and Risk of Headaches: Results From the Trial of Nonpharmacologic Interventions in the Elderly. Am J Public Health. 2016;106(7):1270-5. PubMed
  15. Cook NR, Appel LJ, Whelton PK. Lower levels of sodium intake and reduced cardiovascular risk. Circulation. 2014;129(9):981-9. PubMed
  16. Cook NR, Appel LJ, Whelton PK. Sodium Intake and All-Cause Mortality Over 20 Years in the Trials of Hypertension Prevention. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;68(15):1609-1617. PubMed
  17. Mente A, O'Donnell M, Rangarajan S, et al. Associations of urinary sodium excretion with cardiovascular events in individuals with and without hypertension: a pooled analysis of data from four studies. Lancet. 2016;388(10043):465-75. PubMed
  18. Moosavian SP, Haghighatdoost F, Surkan PJ, Azadbakht L. Salt and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2017;68(3):265-277. PubMed
  19. O'Donnell M, Mente A, Rangarajan S, et al. Urinary sodium and potassium excretion, mortality, and cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(7):612-23. DOI
  20. Poggio R, Gutierrez L, Matta MG, Elorriaga N, Irazola V, Rubinstein A. Daily sodium consumption and CVD mortality in the general population: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Public Health Nutr. 2015;18(4):695-704. PubMed
  21. Stallings VA, Harrison M, Oria M; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium, Food and Nutrition Board, Health and Medicine Division, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington (DC): National Acad
  22. Mahtani KR, Heneghan C, Onakpoya I, et al. Reduced Salt Intake for Heart Failure: A Systematic Review. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Dec 1;178(12):1693-1700. PubMed
  23. Yancy CW. Sodium Restriction in Heart Failure: Too Much Uncertainty-Do the Trials. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Dec 1;178(12):1700-1701. PubMed
  24. He FJ, Campbell NRC, Ma Y, MacGregor GA, Cogswell ME, Cook NR. Errors in estimating usual sodium intake by the Kawasaki formula alter its relationship with mortality: implications for public health. Int J Epidemiol. 2018;47(6):1784-1795. PubMed
  25. Murthy K, Ondrey GJ, Malkani N, et al. THE EFFECTS OF HYPONATREMIA ON BONE DENSITY AND FRACTURES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS. Endocr Pract. 2019;25(4):366-378. PubMed
  26. Messerli FH, Hofstetter L, Syrogiannouli L, et al. Sodium intake, life expectancy, and all-cause mortality. Eur Heart J 2021;42(21):2103-2112. PubMed
  27. Graudal NA, Hubeck-Graudal T, Jurgens G. Effects of low sodium diet versus high sodium diet on blood pressure, renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, cholesterol, and triglyceride. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020;12(12):CD004022. PubMed
  28. Giatti S, Santos RB, Aielo AN, et al. Association of sodium with obstructive sleep apnea. The ELSA-Brasil study. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2021;18(3):502-510. PubMed
  29. Nan X, Lu H, Wu J, et al. The interactive association between sodium intake, alcohol consumption and hypertension among elderly in northern China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2021;21(1):135. PubMed
  30. Kyozuka H, Fukusda T, Murata T, et al. Impact of preconception sodium intake on hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: The Japan Environment and Children's study. Pregnancy Hypertens 2021;23:66-72. PubMed
  31. Zhao L, Ogden CL, Yang Q, et al. Association of usual sodium intake with obesity among US children and adolescents, NHANES 2009-2016. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021;29(3):587-594. PubMed
  32. Ma Y, He FJ, Sun Q, et al. 24-Hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion and cardiovascular risk. N Engl J Med 2022;386(3):252-263. PubMed
  33. Liu J, Yang X, Zhang P, et al. Association of urinary sodium excretion and left ventricular hypertrophy in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021;12:728493. PubMed
  34. Filippini T, Malavolti M, Whelton PK, Vinceti M. Sodium intake and risk of hypertension: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational cohort studies. Curr Hypertens Rep 2022;24(5):133-144. PubMed
  35. Wang DD, Li Y, Nguyen XT, et al. Dietary sodium and potassium intake and risk of non-fatal cardiovascular diseases: The million veteran program. Nutrients 2022;14(5):1121. PubMed
  36. Kwak JH, Park CH, Eun CS, et al. The associations of dietary intake of high sodium and low zinc with gastric cancer mortality: A prospective cohort study in Korea. Nutr Cancer 2022;74(10):3501-3508. PubMed
  37. George S, Maiti R, Mishra BR, Jena M, Mohapatra D. Effect of regulated add-on sodium chloride intake on stabilization of serum lithium concentration in bipolar disorder: A randomized controlled trial. Bipolar Disord 2023;25(1):66-75. PubMed
  38. Zhou TL, Schütten MTJ, Kroon AA, et al. Urinary Sodium Excretion and Salt Intake Are Not Associated With Blood Pressure Variability in a White General Population. J Am Heart Assoc 2023;12(1):e026578. PubMed

See these in context on the Sodium monograph →

Collagen Peptides 2 references
  1. Trc T, Bohmová J. Efficacy and tolerance of enzymatic hydrolysed collagen (EHC) vs. glucosamine sulphate (GS) in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Int Orthop. 2011;35(3):341-8. PubMed
  2. Evans M, Lewis ED, Zakaria N, Pelipyagina T, Guthrie N. A randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel study to evaluate the efficacy of a freshwater marine collagen on skin wrinkles and elasticity. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021;20(3):825-834. PubMed

See these in context on the Collagen Peptides monograph →

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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