Cough Syrup Nighttime Ingredients & Drug Interactions
by Gaia Herbs
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Cough Syrup Nighttime against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Cough Syrup Nighttime is a dietary supplement by Gaia Herbs with 7 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for cough and sore throat, wound and burn care, soothing minor skin irritation.Based on those ingredients, 1,212 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil, Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract, Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Cough Syrup Nighttime by Gaia Herbs
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Cough Syrup Nighttime by Gaia Herbs — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
Ask the Pharmacist
A licensed pharmacist will answer your question by email — free, usually within 24 hours.
Got it — thank you!
A licensed pharmacist will answer within 24 hours. Keep an eye on your email (worth checking spam, just in case).
HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Cough Syrup Nighttime by Gaia Herbs
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Partial disclosure
This product contains seven ingredients: honey, English ivy leaf extract, passionflower aerial parts extract, black elderberry fruit extract, South African geranium root extract, eucalyptus aerial parts essential oil, and peppermint aerial parts essential oil, plus an essential oil blend. The first two are herbal extracts; the last two and the oil blend are concentrated essential oils.
Water and lemon juice concentrate are added as inactive ingredients.
Does it work?
Moderate evidence
Honey is possibly effective for cough, cold sores, and burns. Peppermint oil is likely effective for irritable bowel syndrome and possibly effective for indigestion and nausea from chemotherapy.
Passionflower is possibly effective for insomnia and anxiety before procedures. For the other ingredients — English ivy, black elderberry, South African geranium, and eucalyptus — the evidence in our data is rated insufficient to say whether they work for their intended uses.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Honey is generally safe for adults and children over 1 year old, though the product notes advise checking with your doctor before using it medicinally. Peppermint and eucalyptus oils are generally well tolerated in small amounts for inhalation or diluted topical use, but the raw undiluted eucalyptus oil can be poisonous if swallowed — this product is a syrup, so check the concentration.
English ivy leaf extract is generally well tolerated, but the raw plant is toxic. Passionflower is well tolerated short-term but can cause drowsiness, dizziness, and confusion.
Common side effects from these ingredients include nausea, stomach pain, diarrhea, and burning or stinging sensations (topically or intranasally). Honey can rarely cause allergic reactions including anaphylaxis, and honey from the Black Sea coast of Turkey may contain toxic compounds — ensure your product is from a safe source.
Passionflower is possibly unsafe in pregnancy; English ivy should be avoided in pregnancy and while breastfeeding. Eucalyptus and peppermint are likely safe in pregnancy and lactation in small amounts, but concentrated supplements should be avoided while breastfeeding.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Before taking this syrup, double-check with your pharmacist if you take: liver-metabolized drugs (CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, or CYP3A4 substrates) — Moderate severity with eucalyptus, English ivy, and peppermint; phenytoin (Dilantin) — Moderate severity with honey; diabetes medications — Moderate severity with eucalyptus; cyclosporine — Moderate severity with peppermint; amphetamines or pentobarbital — Moderate severity with eucalyptus; and sedative drugs (CNS depressants like benzodiazepines or sleep aids) — Moderate severity with passionflower. We could not check interactions for black elderberry or South African geranium.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glancePartially disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
This syrup combines several herbs with some evidence for cough and sleep support, but it carries real theoretical risks with a broad range of medications — especially liver-metabolized drugs, blood thinners, diabetes meds, and sedatives. If you take any prescription or over-the-counter medications, run them through the checker on this page first.
Talk to your pharmacist before starting, especially if you're pregnant, breastfeeding, or have seizure history.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 6 of 7 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jun 20, 2024.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Cough Syrup Nighttime, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Gaia Herbs |
|---|---|
| Net contents | 4 Fluid Ounce(s); 118 mL |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Jun 20, 2024 |
| DSLD ID | 309560 |
| Product type | Other Combinations |
| Supplement form | Liquid |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult (18 - 50 Years), Women (not pregnant or lactating) |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Cough Syrup Nighttime by Gaia Herbs, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Calories | 35 Calorie(s) | -- |
| Total Carbohydrates | 8 Gram(s) | 3% |
| Added Sugars | 7 Gram(s) | 14% |
| Total Sugars | 7 Gram(s) | -- |
| Honey | 10.4 Gram(s) | -- |
| English Ivy Leaf Extract | 45 mg | -- |
| Essential Oil Blend | 14 mg | -- |
| Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract | 200 mg | -- |
| Black Elderberry Fruit Extract | 60 mg | -- |
| South African Geranium Root Extract | 86 mg | -- |
| Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil | 0 NP | -- |
| Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil | 0 NP | -- |
Other ingredients: Water, Lemon Juice Concentrate
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements
Connecting people, plants & planet
Integrity See the proof of meetyourherbs.com, the world's first herb traceability platform. Discover the Gaia Difference @gaiaherbs
New
Formulation
Purity All products are screened for pesticides, microbes & heavy metals.
No artificial sweeteners No added flavors
Melatonin-free
Non GMO Project Verified nongmoproject.org
Helps soothe an occasional dry cough and supports a restful night's sleep
A nighttime companion to our daytime formula.
Formula
Potency Concentrated extracts provide a delicious & convenient way to get your daily dose of herbs.
Cough + Sleep Support Our plant-powered cough syrup is designed to work holistically in the body. It features a blend of respiratory-, immune-, and stress-supporting herbs to help you find comfort and get a restful night's sleep. Featured in this formula: Passionflower This traditional herb is as beautiful as it is calming, long used to support sleep and relaxation.
Made with Elderberry Honey Passionflower South African Geranium
FDA Disclaimer Statement
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
Brand IP Statement(s)
Gaia Herbs Est. 1987
Seals/Symbols
Non GMO Project Verified nongmoproject.org
FDA Statement of Identity
Herbal Supplement
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Suggested use Adults take 2 teaspoons within 1 hour before bedtime. Shake well before use.
Storage
Refrigerate after opening and consume within 6 months.
Refrigerate after opening and consume within 6 months.
Precautions
Not for use during pregnancy or lactation. If you have a medical condition, or take medications, please consult with your healthcare practitioner before use.
Store away from children.
Safety-sealed at neck of bottle.
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Cough Syrup Nighttime by Gaia Herbs label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Cough Syrup Nighttime by Gaia Herbs
These are the 7 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size10 mL Dosage formLiquid Servings per container12 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Honey
Interacts with736 drugs
Honey is a natural food with some real, modest evidence for easing coughs and helping certain wounds, especially when special medical-grade or Manuka...
Honey monograph & interactionsEnglish Ivy Leaf Extract
Interacts with280 drugs
English ivy leaf extract is most commonly used in cough and cold syrups to help loosen mucus and ease coughing, and it is a popular ingredient in many...
English Ivy Leaf Extract monograph & interactionsEssential Oil Blend
Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract
Interacts with836 drugs
Passion flower is a traditional calming herb that many people use for anxiety and sleep. Early studies hint it may help with mild anxiety and restless...
Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract monograph & interactionsBlack Elderberry Fruit Extract
Interacts with121 drugs
Elderberry is a popular herbal supplement, mainly taken to help with colds and flu. Some small studies suggest it may modestly shorten cold or flu sym...
Black Elderberry Fruit Extract monograph & interactionsSouth African Geranium Root Extract
Other (inactive) ingredients: Water, Lemon Juice Concentrate. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Cough Syrup Nighttime by Gaia Herbs Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Gaia Herbs Cough Syrup Nighttime contains seven ingredients, of which five have documented interactions with medications.
The most serious concern is eucalyptus oil, which theoretically might increase levels of several types of drugs metabolized by your liver — including those broken down by CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, and CYP3A4 enzymes — all rated Moderate severity. Eucalyptus oil also carries Moderate-severity theoretical risks with diabetes medications (raising low blood sugar risk), amphetamines, and pentobarbital.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
English ivy leaf extract has three Moderate interactions: it may theoretically increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C19, CYP2D6, and CYP8 liver enzymes. Peppermint oil presents Moderate theoretical risks with CYP2C19, CYP2C9, and CYP3A4 substrates, plus a specific concern with cyclosporine (an immunosuppressant).
Honey carries Minor-severity theoretical interactions with anticoagulants or blood thinners and CYP3A4 substrates, plus a Moderate concern with phenytoin (an anti-seizure drug). Passionflower has a Moderate interaction with CNS depressants (sedatives, sleep aids) and Minor concerns with CYP3A4 substrates and certain transport proteins.
We could not check Black Elderberry Fruit Extract or South African Geranium Root Extract — no interaction data is on file for these. Altogether, these interactions span 1,110 individual medications.
Before starting this syrup, run your exact medications through the interaction checker below.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Cough Syrup Nighttime?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Cough Syrup Nighttime interact with 1,212 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
6 of the 7 ingredients in Cough Syrup Nighttime interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil Honey English Ivy Leaf Extract Black Elderberry Fruit Extract
6-mercaptopurinePurinethol
How 6-mercaptopurine interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Black Elderberry Fruit ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, elderberry might interfere with immunosuppressant therapy due to its immunostimulant activity.
Read the full Black Elderberry Fruit Extract + 6-mercaptopurine interactionAdo-trastuzumab EmtansineKadcyla
How Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionPeppermint Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionPassionflower Aerial Parts ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionHoneyCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionAbemaciclibVerzenio
How Abemaciclib interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Abemaciclib interactionEucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Abemaciclib interactionPassionflower Aerial Parts ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract + Abemaciclib interactionHoneyCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey + Abemaciclib interactionAbiraterone
How Abiraterone interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Abiraterone interactionPeppermint Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Abiraterone interactionPassionflower Aerial Parts ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract + Abiraterone interactionHoneyCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey + Abiraterone interactionAbiraterone AcetateYonsa, Zytiga
How Abiraterone Acetate interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Abiraterone Acetate interactionEucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Abiraterone Acetate interactionHoneyCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey + Abiraterone Acetate interactionPassionflower Aerial Parts ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract + Abiraterone Acetate interactionAbrocitinibCibinqo
How Abrocitinib interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 2c19 (cyp2c19) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP2C19 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Abrocitinib interactionEucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 2c19 (cyp2c19) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP2C19 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Abrocitinib interactionBlack Elderberry Fruit ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, elderberry might interfere with immunosuppressant therapy due to its immunostimulant activity.
Read the full Black Elderberry Fruit Extract + Abrocitinib interactionEnglish Ivy Leaf ExtractCytochrome P450 2c19 (cyp2c19) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C19.
Read the full English Ivy Leaf Extract + Abrocitinib interactionHoneyAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Honey + Abrocitinib interactionAcalabrutinibCalquence
How Acalabrutinib interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acalabrutinib interactionPeppermint Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acalabrutinib interactionPassionflower Aerial Parts ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract + Acalabrutinib interactionHoneyCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey + Acalabrutinib interactionAcarboseGlucobay, Prandase, Precose
How Acarbose interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus leaf might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acarbose interactionAcepromazineAtravet
How Acepromazine interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passionflower Aerial Parts ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract + Acepromazine interactionAcetaminophenChildren's Tylenol, Children's Tylenol Meltaways, Tylenol, Tylenol Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen interactionPeppermint Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen interactionAcetaminophen, AspirinGemnisyn
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionHoneyAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Honey + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionPeppermint Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAcetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionEucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionHoneyCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionPassionflower Aerial Parts ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Brompheniramine, PhenylpropanolamineDimetapp Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionPeppermint Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, ButalbitalAxocet, Bancap, Bucet, Butex Forte, Esgic CF, Orbivan CF +5 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionPeppermint Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CaffeineEsgic, Esgic Plus, Fiogesic, Fioricet, Repan, Tecnal +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionEucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionHoneyCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionPassionflower Aerial Parts ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, CodeineEsgic with Codeine, Fioricet w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionEnglish Ivy Leaf ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full English Ivy Leaf Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionPeppermint Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionPassionflower Aerial Parts ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionHoneyCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CodeineBancap w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passionflower Aerial Parts ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionEnglish Ivy Leaf ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full English Ivy Leaf Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionEucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionPeppermint Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine PhosphatePhrenilin #3
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passionflower Aerial Parts ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionEucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionEnglish Ivy Leaf ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full English Ivy Leaf Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionPeppermint Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, PhenylephrineHycomine Compound
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionEnglish Ivy Leaf ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full English Ivy Leaf Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionPeppermint Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionPassionflower Aerial Parts ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionHoneyCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, CodeineGesic C15, Gesic C30, Gesic C8, Lenoltec 1, Lenoltec 2, Lenoltec 3 +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passionflower Aerial Parts ExtractCns Depressants, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Read the full Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionEucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionEnglish Ivy Leaf ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full English Ivy Leaf Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionPeppermint Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionHoneyCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, SalicylamideCodalan No.1, Codalan No.2, Codalan No.3
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionPassionflower Aerial Parts ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionEnglish Ivy Leaf ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full English Ivy Leaf Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionEucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionHoneyCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, DihydrocodeineDHC Plus, Panlor DC, Panlor SS
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionEnglish Ivy Leaf ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full English Ivy Leaf Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionPeppermint Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionPassionflower Aerial Parts ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionHoneyCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, IsomethepteneMigralam
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionPeppermint Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionPassionflower Aerial Parts ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionHoneyCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, PyrilamineMidol Max Strength Menstrual
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionEucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionHoneyCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionPassionflower Aerial Parts ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan HbrVicks Formula 44M Cough, Cold & Flu Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionEnglish Ivy Leaf ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full English Ivy Leaf Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionPeppermint Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionHoneyCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionPassionflower Aerial Parts ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, PhenylephrineColrex
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Passionflower Aerial Parts ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionEucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionEnglish Ivy Leaf ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full English Ivy Leaf Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionPeppermint Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionHoneyCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, DextromethorphanCoricidin II Extra Strength Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionEucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionEnglish Ivy Leaf ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full English Ivy Leaf Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionHoneyCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionPassionflower Aerial Parts ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan HydrobromideCoricidin HBP Maximum Strength Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
English Ivy Leaf ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full English Ivy Leaf Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionEucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionPeppermint Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionHoneyCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionPassionflower Aerial Parts ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, PhenylpropanolamineMulti Symptom Cold Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
English Ivy Leaf ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full English Ivy Leaf Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionEucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionPeppermint Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionPassionflower Aerial Parts ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionHoneyCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, PseudoephedrineChildren's Tylenol Cold Plus Cough, Tylenol Cold Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interacts with Cough Syrup Nighttime — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interactionEucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential OilCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interactionEnglish Ivy Leaf ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full English Ivy Leaf Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interactionHoneyCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Read the full Honey + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interactionPassionflower Aerial Parts ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Cough Syrup Nighttime with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Eucalyptus Aerial Parts Essential Oil
Amphetamines
Theoretically, inhaling eucalyptol may reduce the effectiveness of amphetamines.
Animal research suggests that inhaling eucalyptol may reduce the levels of amphetamines in the blood.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, eucalyptus leaf might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Animal research suggests that eucalyptus leaf might have hypoglycemic activity, and might have additive effects when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
In vitro research suggests that eucalyptus oil might inhibit CYP1A2, although this has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (Cyp2C19) Substrates
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP2C19 substrates.
In vitro research suggests that eucalyptus oil might inhibit CYP2C19, although this has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP2C9 substrates.
In vitro research suggests that eucalyptus oil might inhibit CYP2C9, although this has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, eucalyptus might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
In vitro research suggests that eucalyptus oil might inhibit CYP3A4, although this has not been reported in humans.
Pentobarbital (Nembutal)
Theoretically, inhaling eucalyptol might reduce the effectiveness of pentobarbital.
Animal research suggests that inhaling eucalyptol reduces the level of pentobarbital that reaches the brain.
Passionflower Aerial Parts Extract
Cns Depressants
Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Research in animals and humans shows that passion flower has sedative effects which can be additive when used with sedative medications like lorazepam.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
In vitro research suggests that passion flower can induce CYP3A4 enzymes, albeit to a much lower degree than rifampin, a known CYP3A4 inducer.
Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide Substrates (Oatp)
Theoretically, passion flower might reduce the bioavailability of OATP2B1 and OATP1A2 substrates.
In vitro research shows that the passion flower constituents apigenin and vitexin inhibit OATP2B1 and OATP1A2. This inhibition may be dose-dependent. One specific high-flavonoid passion flower extract (Valverde) seems to inhibit OATP2B1 and OATP1A2, while another extract with a lower flavonoid concentration (Arkocaps) shows less potent inhibition. OATPs are responsible for the uptake of drugs and other compounds into the body; however, the specific activities of OATP2B1 and OATP1A2 are not well characterized.
Peppermint Aerial Parts Essential Oil
Cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune)
Theoretically, peppermint oil might increase the levels and adverse effects of cyclosporine.
In animal research, peppermint oil inhibits cyclosporine metabolism and increases cyclosporine levels. Inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) may be partially responsible for this interaction. An interaction between peppermint oil and cyclosporine has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (Cyp2C19) Substrates
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP2C19 substrates.
In vitro research shows that peppermint oil inhibits CYP2C19. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP2C9 substrates.
In vitro research shows that peppermint oil inhibits CYP2C9. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates.
Clinical research in healthy volunteers shows that a single dose of peppermint oil 600 mg inhibits CYP3A4 enzymes and increases the AUC of felodipine, a CYP3A4 substrate. However, in vitro research suggests that peppermint oil only inhibits CYP3A4 at very high concentrations.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Theoretically, peppermint might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
In vitro and animal research shows that peppermint oil and peppermint leaf inhibit CYP1A2. However, in clinical research, peppermint tea did not significantly affect the metabolism of caffeine, a CYP1A2 substrate. It is possible that the 6-day duration of treatment may have been too short to identify a difference.
Honey
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Theoretically, honey might increase levels of phenytoin.
In an animal model, the rate and extent of absorption of phenytoin was increased by honey. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, honey may increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro, honey inhibits platelet aggregation and increases the time to clotting. Furthermore, animal research suggests that feeding mice large doses of honey for 12 days increases bleeding time when compared with no intervention. However, these effects have not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, honey might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, but research is conflicting.
Some clinical research shows that honey induces CYP3A4. However, other clinical studies found no effect on CYP3A4 activity. Different honey preparations may have different effects on CYP3A4.
English Ivy Leaf Extract
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (Cyp2C19) Substrates
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C19.
In vitro research shows that English ivy inhibits CYP2C19 enzymes. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (Cyp2C8) Substrates
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C8.
In vitro research shows that English ivy inhibits CYP2C8 enzymes. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates
Theoretically, English ivy might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
In vitro research shows that English ivy inhibits CYP2D6 enzymes. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Black Elderberry Fruit Extract
Immunosuppressants
Theoretically, elderberry might interfere with immunosuppressant therapy due to its immunostimulant activity.
Elderberry has immunostimulant activity, increasing the production of cytokines, including interleukin and tumor necrosis factor.
Pazopanib (Votrient)
Theoretically, elderberry might interact with pazopanib, potentially increasing the risk of adverse effects.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Cough Syrup Nighttime, from the product label.
Gaia Herbs
See all Gaia Herbs products- Name
- Gaia Herbs, Inc.
- Street Address
- 101 Gaia Herbs Dr.
- City
- Brevard
- State
- NC
- ZipCode
- 28712
- Web Address
- GaiaHerbs.com
Cough Syrup Nighttime by Gaia Herbs: Common Questions
Does Cough Syrup Nighttime by Gaia Herbs interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Where does this information come from?
Is this safe to take if I'm pregnant?
Can I use this while breastfeeding?
Will this actually help my cough?
What's the main side effect I should watch for?
Why is this a nighttime syrup?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if Cough Syrup Nighttime is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Cough Syrup Nighttime’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Honey
Interacts with 736 drugsHoney is a natural food with some real, modest evidence for easing coughs and helping certain wounds, especially when special medical-grade or Manuka honey is used. It is generally safe for...
Read the full Honey monograph → Herb & supplement monographEnglish Ivy
Interacts with 280 drugsEnglish ivy leaf extract is most commonly used in cough and cold syrups to help loosen mucus and ease coughing, and it is a popular ingredient in many European herbal products. Some research...
Read the full English Ivy monograph → Herb & supplement monographEucalyptus
Interacts with 878 drugsEucalyptus is best known for its strong-smelling oil used in vapor rubs, inhalants, and lozenges to ease coughs and congestion. It may provide mild, short-term relief of cold symptoms, but t...
Read the full Eucalyptus monograph → Herb & supplement monographPeppermint
Interacts with 796 drugsPeppermint is a popular herb with the best evidence supporting enteric-coated peppermint oil for easing IBS symptoms. It is generally well tolerated for most adults, but it can cause heartbu...
Read the full Peppermint monograph → Herb & supplement monographPassion Flower
Interacts with 836 drugsPassion flower is a traditional calming herb that many people use for anxiety and sleep. Early studies hint it may help with mild anxiety and restlessness, but the evidence is limited and mo...
Read the full Passion Flower monograph → Herb & supplement monographElderberry
Interacts with 121 drugsElderberry is a popular herbal supplement, mainly taken to help with colds and flu. Some small studies suggest it may modestly shorten cold or flu symptoms, but the evidence is limited and n...
Read the full Elderberry monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Cough Syrup Nighttime's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 142 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Honey 40 references
- The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
- Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
- Bose B. Honey or sugar in treatment of infected wounds? Lancet 1982;1:963. PubMed
- Ozhan H, Akdemir R, Yazici M, et al. Cardiac emergencies caused by honey ingestion: a single centre experience. Emerg Med J 2004;21:742-4. PubMed
- Centers for Disease Control. Botulism in the Unites Sates, 1899-1996. Handbook for epidemiologists, clinicians, and laboratory workers, 1998. Available online: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/botulism.PDF.
- Simon A, Traynor K, Santos K, et al. Medical honey for wound care - still the 'latest resort'? Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2009;6:165-73. PubMed
- Gethin G, Cowman S. Case series of use of Manuka honey in leg ulceration. Int Wound J 2005;2:10-15. PubMed
- Ingle R, Levin J, Polinder K. Wound healing with honey - a randomised controlled trial. S Afr Med J 2006;96:831-5.
- Johnson DW, van Eps C, Mudge DW, et al. Randomized, controlled trial of topical exit-site application of honey (Medihoney) versus mupirocin for the prevention of catheter-associated infections in hemodialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005;16:1456-62. PubMed
- Sukriti and Garg, S. K. Influence of honey on the pharmacokinetics of phenytoin in rabbits. Ind J Pharmacol 2002;34(147).
- Jung, A. and Ottosson, J. [Infantile botulism caused by honey]. Ugeskr Laeger 2001;163(2):169.
- Gunduz, A., Turedi, S., Uzun, H., and Topbas, M. Mad honey poisoning. Am J Emerg.Med 2006;24(5):595-598.
- van der Vorst, M. M., Jamal, W., Rotimi, V. O., and Moosa, A. Infant botulism due to consumption of contaminated commercially prepared honey. First report from the Arabian Gulf States. Med Princ.Pract. 2006;15(6):456-458. PubMed
- Tushar, T., Vinod, T., Rajan, S., Shashindran, C., and Adithan, C. Effect of honey on CYP3A4, CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 enzyme activity in healthy human volunteers. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2007;100(4):269-272. PubMed
- Nilforoushzadeh, M. A., Jaffary, F., Moradi, S., Derakhshan, R., and Haftbaradaran, E. Effect of topical honey application along with intralesional injection of glucantime in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. BMC Complement Altern Med 2007;7:13. PubMed
- Koca, I. and Koca, A. F. Poisoning by mad honey: a brief review. Food Chem Toxicol 2007;45(8):1315-1318. PubMed
- Akinci, S., Arslan, U., Karakurt, K., and Cengel, A. An unusual presentation of mad honey poisoning: acute myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol 2008;129(2):e56-e58. PubMed
- Yildirim, N., Aydin, M., Cam, F., and Celik, O. Clinical presentation of non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in the course of intoxication with mad honey. Am J Emerg Med 2008;26(1):108.e-2. PubMed
- Shrestha, P., Vaidya, R., and Sherpa, K. Mad honey poisoning: a rare case report of seven cases. Nepal Med Coll J 2009;11(3):212-213.
- Fetzner, L., Burhenne, J., Weiss, J., Völker, M., Unger, M., Mikus, G., and Haefeli, W. E. Daily honey consumption does not change CYP3A activity in humans. J Clin Pharmacol 2011;51(8):1223-1232. PubMed
- Thamboo, A., Thamboo, A., Philpott, C., Javer, A., and Clark, A. Single-blind study of manuka honey in allergic fungal rhinosinusitis. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2011;40(3):238-243.
- Ahmed, A., Khan, R. A., Azim, M. K., Saeed, S. A., Mesaik, M. A., Ahmed, S., and Imran, I. Effect of natural honey on human platelets and blood coagulation proteins. Pak.J Pharm Sci 2011;24(3):389-397.
- Yarlioglues, M., Akpek, M., Ardic, I., Elcik, D., Sahin, O., and Kaya, M. G. Mad-honey sexual activity and acute inferior myocardial infarctions in a married couple. Tex.Heart Inst.J 2011;38(5):577-580.
- Biberoglu, S., Biberoglu, K., and Komsuoglu, B. Mad honey. JAMA 4-1-1988;259(13):1943.
- Biberoglu, K., Biberoglu, S., and Komsuoglu, B. Transient Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome during honey intoxication. Isr.J.Med.Sci. 1988;24(4-5):253-254.
- Gössinger, H., Hruby, K., Pohl, A., Davogg, S., Sutterlütti, G., and Mathis, G. [Poisoning with andromedotoxin-containing honey]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1983;108(41):1555-1558.
- Fenicia, L., Ferrini, A. M., Aureli, P., and Pocecco, M. A case of infant botulism associated with honey feeding in Italy. Eur J Epidemiol 1993;9(6):671-673. PubMed
- Sutlupinar, N., Mat, A., and Satganoglu, Y. Poisoning by toxic honey in Turkey. Arch.Toxicol. 1993;67(2):148-150. PubMed
- von Malottki, K. and Wiechmann, H. W. [Acute life-threatening bradycardia: food poisoning by Turkish wild honey]. Dtsch.Med.Wochenschr. 7-26-1996;121(30):936-938.
- Abdulla CO, Ayubi A, Zulfiquer F, Santhanam G, Ahmed MA, Deeb J. Infant botulism following honey ingestion. BMJ Case Rep. 2012 Sep 7;2012.
- Johnson DW, Badve SV, Pascoe EM, Beller E, Cass A, Clark C, de Zoysa J, Isbel NM, McTaggart S, Morrish AT, Playford EG, Scaria A, Snelling P, Vergara LA, Hawley CM; HONEYPOT Study Collaborative Group. Antibacterial honey for the prevention of peritoneal-d
- Matos D, Serrano P, Menezes Brandão F. A case of allergic contact dermatitis caused by propolis-enriched honey. Contact Dermatitis. 2015 Jan;72(1):59-60. PubMed
- Oduwole O, Meremikwu MM, Oyo-Ita A, Udoh EE. Honey for acute cough in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014 Dec 23;12:CD007094. PubMed
- Vezir E, Kaya A, Toyran M, Azkur D, Dibek Misirlioglu E, Kocabas CN. Anaphylaxis/angioedema caused by honey ingestion. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2014 Jan-Feb;35(1):71-4. PubMed
- Wang YT, Qi Y, Tang FY, et al. The effect of cupping therapy for low back pain: A meta-analysis based on existing randomized controlled trials. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2017;30(6):1187-1195. PubMed
- Oduwole O, Udoh EE, Oyo-Ita A, Meremikwu MM. Honey for acute cough in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018;4:CD007094. PubMed
- Wong D, Albietz JM, Tran H, et al. Treatment of contact lens related dry eye with antibacterial honey. Cont Lens Anterior Eye. 2017;40(6):389-393. PubMed
- Martina SJ, Ramar LAP, Silaban MRI, Luthfi M, Govindan PAP. Antiplatelet Effectivity between Aspirin with Honey on Cardiovascular Disease Based on Bleeding Time Taken on Mice. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019 Oct 14;7(20):3416-3420. PubMed
- Jhawar N, Gonzalez-Estrada A. Honey-induced anaphylaxis in an adult. QJM 2022;115(5):325-326. PubMed
- Di Costanzo M, De Paulis N, Peveri S, Montagni M, Berni Canani R, Biasucci G. Anaphylaxis caused by artisanal honey in a child: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2021;15(1):235. PubMed
English Ivy 13 references
- Schulz V, Hansel R, Tyler VE. Rational Phytotherapy: A Physician's Guide to Herbal Medicine. Terry C. Telger, transl. 3rd ed. Berlin, GER: Springer, 1998.
- Fazio S, Pouso J, Dolinsky D, et al. Tolerance, safety and efficacy of Hedera helix extract in inflammatory bronchial diseases under clinical practice conditions: a prospective, open, multicentre postmarketing study in 9657 patients. Phytomedicine 2009;16 PubMed
- García M, Fernández E, Navarro JA, et al. Allergic contact dermatitis from Hedera helix L. Contact Dermatitis 1995;33(2):133-4.
- Hausen BM, Brohan J, Konig WA, et al. Allergic and irritant contact dermatitis from falcarinol and didehydrofalcarinol in common ivy (Hedera helix L.). Contact Dermatitis 1987;17(1):1-9.
- Mitchell, J. C. Allergic contact dermatitis from Hedera helix and Brassaia actinophylla (Araliaceae). Contact Dermatitis 1981;7(3):158-159.
- Boyle J, Harman RM. Contact dermatitis to Hedera helix (common ivy). Contact Dermatitis 1985;12(2):111-112. PubMed
- Yesudian PD, Franks A. Contact dermatitis from Hedera helix in a husband and wife. Contact Dermatitis 2002;46(2):125-126.
- Bregnbak D, Menné T, Johansen JD. Airborne contact dermatitis caused by common ivy (Hedera helix L. ssp. helix). Contact Dermatitis. 2015;72(4):243-4.
- Jones JM, White IR, White JM, McFadden JP. Allergic contact dermatitis to English ivy (Hedera helix)--a case series. Contact Dermatitis. 2009 Mar;60(3):179-80.
- Lurquin E, Swinnen I, Goossens A. Allergic contact dermatitis caused by Hedera helix arborescens and not by Hedera helix L. Contact Dermatitis. 2012;66(6):352-3.
- Paulsen E, Christensen LP, Andersen KE. Dermatitis from common ivy (Hedera helix L. subsp. helix) in Europe: past, present, and future. Contact Dermatitis. 2010;62(4):201-9.
- Rehman SU, Kim IS, Choi MS, Kim SH, Zhang Y, Yoo HH. Time-dependent Inhibition of CYP2C8 and CYP2C19 by Hedera helix Extracts, A Traditional Respiratory Herbal Medicine. Molecules. 2017;22(7). PubMed
- Kruttschnitt E, Wegener T, Zahner C, Henzen-Bücking S. Assessment of the Efficacy and Safety of Ivy Leaf (Hedera helix) Cough Syrup Compared with Acetylcysteine in Adults and Children with Acute Bronchitis. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020 May 4;2
Passion Flower 19 references
- Newall CA, Anderson LA, Philpson JD. Herbal Medicine: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. London, UK: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1996.
- The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
- Fisher AA, Purcell P, Le Couteur DG. Toxicity of Passiflora incarnata L. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 2000;38:63-6.
- Akhondzadeh S, Naghavi HR, Shayeganpour A, et al. Passionflower in the treatment of generalized anxiety: a pilot double-blind randomized controlled trial with oxazepam. J Clin Pharm Ther 2001;26:363-7. PubMed
- Farnsworth N, Bingel A, Cordell G, et al. Potential value of plants as sources of new antifertility agents I. J Pharm Sci 1975;64:535-98. DOI
- Mori A, Hasegawa K, Murasaki M, et al. Clinical evaluation of Passiflamin (passiflora extract) on neurosis - multicenter double blind study in comparison with mexazolam. Rinsho Hyoka (Clinical Evaluation) 1993;21:383-440.
- Miyasaka LS, Atallah AN, Soares BG. Passiflora for anxiety disorder. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007;(1):CD004518. DOI
- Speroni E., Minghetti A. Neuropharmacological activity of extracts from Passiflora incarnata. Planta Med. 1988;54:488-91.
- Capasso A., Sorrentino L. Pharmacological studies on the sedative and hypnotic effect of Kava kava and Passiflora extracts combination. Phytomedicine. 2005;12:39-45. PubMed
- Carrasco MC, Vallejo JR, Pardo-de-Santayana M, et al. Interactions of Valeriana officinalis L. and Passiflora incarnata L. in a patient treated with lorazepam. Phytother Res. 2009 Dec;23:1795-6.
- Smith, G. W., Chalmers, T. M., and Nuki, G. Vasculitis associated with herbal preparation containing Passiflora extract. Br J Rheumatol. 1993;32(1):87-88.
- Soulimani, R., Younos, C., Jarmouni, S., Bousta, D., Misslin, R., and Mortier, F. Behavioural effects of Passiflora incarnata L. and its indole alkaloid and flavonoid derivatives and maltol in the mouse. J Ethnopharmacol. 1997;57(1):11-20. PubMed
- Nojoumi M, Ghaeli P, Salimi S, Sharifi A, Raisi F. Effects of Passion Flower Extract, as an Add-On Treatment to Sertraline, on Reaction Time in Patients ?with Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study. Iran J Psychiatry. 2016;1
- Rokhtabnak F, Ghodraty MR, Kholdebarin A, et al. Comparing the Effect of Preoperative Administration of Melatonin and Passiflora incarnata on Postoperative Cognitive Disorders in Adult Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery. Anesth Pain Med. 2016;7(1):e4123 PubMed
- Dantas LP, de Oliveira-Ribeiro A, de Almeida-Souza LM, Groppo FC. Effects of passiflora incarnata and midazolam for control of anxiety in patients undergoing dental extraction. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2017;22(1):e95-e101. PubMed
- Ozturk Z, Kalayci CC. Pregnancy outcomes in psychiatric patients treated with passiflora incarnata. Complement Ther Med. 2018 Feb;36:30-32. PubMed
- da Cunha RS, Amorim KS, Gercina AC, et al. Herbal medicines as anxiolytics prior to third molar surgical extraction. A randomized controlled clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig. 2020. PubMed
- Schäfer AM, Gilgen PM, Spirgi C, et al. Constituents of Passiflora incarnata, but Not of Valeriana officinalis, Interact with the Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptides (OATP)2B1 and OATP1A2. Planta Med. 2021. PubMed
- Mazzari ALDA, Lacerda MG, Milton FA, et al. In vitro effects of European and Latin-American medicinal plants in CYP3A4 gene expression, glutathione levels, and P-glycoprotein activity. Front Pharmacol 2022;13:826395. PubMed
Elderberry 6 references
- Barak V, Halperin T, Kalickman I. The effect of Sambucol, a black elderberry-based, natural product, on the production of human cytokines: I. Inflammatory cytokines. Eur Cytokine Netw 2001;12:290-6..
- Elderberry (Sambucus species). The Poison Plant Patch, Novia Scotia Museum, 2007. Available at: http://museum.gov.ns.ca/poison/?section=species&id=117 (Accessed 16 October 2009).
- European elder. Canadian Poisonous Plants Information System. Available at: http://www.cbif.gc.ca/pls/pp/ppack.jump?p_null=all&p_psn=121&p_type=all&p_sci=comm&p_x=px (Accessed 16 October 2009).
- Raus K, Pleschka S, Klein P, Schoop R, Fisher P. Effect of an echinacea-based hot drink versus oseltamivir in Influenza treatment: a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, multicenter, noninferiority clinical trial. . Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2015;20;77:6 PubMed
- Ramachandran A, Antala D, Pudasainee P, Panginikkod S, Gupta H. A Plausible Association Between the Use of Elderberry and Autoimmune Hepatitis. Cureus 2022;14(4):e24250. PubMed
- Agarwal N, Mangla A. Elderberry interaction with pazopanib in a patient with soft-tissue sarcoma: A case report and literature review. Mol Clin Oncol 2024;20(5):36. PubMed
Eucalyptus 23 references
- Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
- Unger M, Frank A. Simultaneous determination of the inhibitory potency of herbal extracts on the activity of six major cytochrome P450 enzymes using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and automated online extraction. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2004;1 PubMed
- De Vincenzi M, Silano M, De Vincenzi A, et al. Constituents of aromatic plants: eucalyptol. Fitoterapia 2002;73:269-75. PubMed
- Gray AM, Flatt PR. Antihyperglycemic actions of Eucalyptus globulus (Eucalyptus) are associated with pancreatic and extra-pancreatic effects in mice. J Nutr 1998;128:2319-23. PubMed
- Whitman BW, Ghazizadeh H. Eucalyptus oil: therapeutic and toxic aspects of pharmacology in humans and animals. J Paediatr Child Health 1994;30:190-1. PubMed
- Barker SC and Altman PM. An ex vivo, assessor blind, randomised, parallel group, comparative efficacy trial of the ovicidal activity of three pediculicides after a single application--melaleuca oil and lavender oil, eucalyptus oil and lemon tea tree oil,
- Vilaplana, J. and Romaguera, C. Allergic contact dermatitis due to eucalyptol in an anti-inflammatory cream. Contact Dermatitis 2000;43(2):118.
- Juergens, U. R. [Reducing the need for cortisone. Does eucalyptus oil work in asthma? (interview by Brigitte Moreano]. MMW.Fortschr Med 3-29-2001;143(13):14.
- Tascini, C., Ferranti, S., Gemignani, G., Messina, F., and Menichetti, F. Clinical microbiological case: fever and headache in a heavy consumer of eucalyptus extract. Clin Microbiol.Infect. 2002;8(7):437, 445-437, 446. PubMed
- Galdi, E., Perfetti, L., Calcagno, G., Marcotulli, M. C., and Moscato, G. Exacerbation of asthma related to Eucalyptus pollens and to herb infusion containing Eucalyptus. Monaldi Arch.Chest Dis. 2003;59(3):220-221.
- Spoerke, D. G., Vandenberg, S. A., Smolinske, S. C., Kulig, K., and Rumack, B. H. Eucalyptus oil: 14 cases of exposure. Vet Hum.Toxicol 1989;31(2):166-168.
- Jori, A., Bianchetti, A., Prestini, P. E., and Gerattini, S. Effect of eucalyptol (1,8-cineole) on the metabolism of other drugs in rats and in man. Eur.J Pharmacol 1970;9(3):362-366. PubMed
- Tibballs, J. Clinical effects and management of eucalyptus oil ingestion in infants and young children. Med J Aust 8-21-1995;163(4):177-180. PubMed
- Webb, N. J. and Pitt, W. R. Eucalyptus oil poisoning in childhood: 41 cases in south-east Queensland. J Paediatr.Child Health 1993;29(5):368-371. PubMed
- Gyldenløve M, Menné T, Thyssen JP. Eucalyptus contact allergy. Contact Dermatitis. 2014;71(5):303-304. PubMed
- Higgins C, Palmer A, Nixon R. Eucalyptus oil: contact allergy and safety. Contact Dermatitis. 2015;72(5):344-346. PubMed
- de Groot AC, Schmidt E. Eucalyptus oil and tea tree oil. Contact Dermatitis. 2015;73(6):381-386. PubMed
- Greive KA, Barnes TM. The efficacy of Australian essential oils for the treatment of head lice infestation in children: A randomised controlled trial. Australas J Dermatol. 2018;59(2):e99-e105. PubMed
- Paulsen E, Thormann H, Vestergaard L. Eucalyptus species as a cause of airborne allergic contact dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis. 2018;78(4):301-303.
- Mathew T, John SK, Kamath V, et al. Essential oil related seizures (EORS): A multi-center prospective study on essential oils and seizures in adults. Epilepsy Res. 2021;173:106626. PubMed
- Dudipala SC, Mandapuram P, Ch LK. Eucalyptus Oil-Induced Seizures in Children: Case Reports and Review of the Literature. J Neurosci Rural Pract 2021;12(1):112-115. PubMed
- Panda PK, Sharawat IK, Panda P, Dawman L, Kasinathan A. Clinico-laboratory characteristics and outcome of patients with eucalyptus oil-induced/provoked seizures: A case series and systematic review of the published patients. Trop Doct 2021;51(4):518-522. PubMed
- Sai Chandar D, Prashanthi M, Laxman Kumar C, Amith Kumar C. Eucalyptus Oil-Induced Seizures in Children: A Single-Center Prospective Study. Cureus 2021;13(3):e14109. PubMed
Peppermint 41 references
- Liu JH, Chen GH, Yeh HZ, et al. Enteric-coated peppermint-oil capsules in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: a prospective, randomized trial. J Gastroenterol 1997;32:765-8. PubMed
- Pittler MH, Ernst E. Peppermint oil for irritable bowel syndrome: a critical review and metaanalysis. Am J Gastroenterol 1998;93:1131-5. PubMed
- Kline RM, Kline JJ, Di Palma J, Barbero GJ. Enteric-coated, pH-dependent peppermint oil capsules for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome in children. J Pediatr 2001;138:125-8. PubMed
- Madisch A, Heydenreich CJ, Wieland V, et al. Treatment of functional dyspepsia with a fixed peppermint oil and caraway oil combination preparation as compared to cisapride. A multicenter, reference-controlled, double-blind equivalence study. Arzneimittel
- May B, Kuntz HD, Kieser M, Kohler S. Efficacy of a fixed peppermint oil/caraway oil combination in non-ulcer dyspepsia. Arzneimittelforschung 1996;46:1149-53.
- Micklefield GH, Greving I, May B. Effects of peppermint oil and caraway oil on gastroduodenal motility. Phytother Res 2000;14:20-3. DOI
- Morton CA, Garioch J, Todd P, et al. Contact sensitivity to menthol and peppermint in patients with intra-oral symptoms. Contact Dermatitis 1995;32:281-4. PubMed
- May B, Kohler S, Schneider B. Efficacy and tolerability of a fixed combination of peppermint oil and caraway oil in patients suffering from functional dyspepsia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000;14:1671-7. PubMed
- Nash P, Gould SR, Bernardo DE. Peppermint oil does not relieve the pain of irritable bowel syndrome. Br J Clin Pract 1986;40:292-3. DOI
- Rees WD, Evans BK, Rhodes J. Treating irritable bowel syndrome with peppermint oil. Br Med J 1979;2:835-6. PubMed
- Davies SJ, Harding LM, Baranowski AP. A novel treatment of postherpetic neuralgia using peppermint oil. Clin J Pain 2002;18:200-2. PubMed
- Weston CF. Anal burning and peppermint oil. Postgrad Med J 1987;63:717. PubMed
- Dresser GK, Wacher V, Wong S, et al. Evaluation of peppermint oil and ascorbyl palmitate as inhibitors of cytochrome P4503A4 activity in vitro and in vivo. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2002;72:247-55. PubMed
- Wacher VJ, Wong S, Wong HT. Peppermint oil enhances cyclosporine oral bioavailability in rats: comparison with D-alpha-tocopheryl poly(ethylene glycol 1000) succinate (TPGS) and ketoconazole. J Pharm Sci 2002;91:77-90.
- Lawson MJ, Knight RE, Tran K, et al. Failure of enteric-coated peppermint oil in the irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized double-blind crossover study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1988;3:235-8. DOI
- Unger M, Frank A. Simultaneous determination of the inhibitory potency of herbal extracts on the activity of six major cytochrome P450 enzymes using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and automated online extraction. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2004;1 PubMed
- Maliakal PP, Wanwimolruk S. Effect of herbal teas on hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2001;53:1323-9. PubMed
- Rogers SN, Pahor AL. A form of stomatitis induced by excessive peppermint consumption. Dent Update 1995;22:36-7.
- Cappello G, Spezzaferro M, Grossi L, et al. Peppermint oil (Mintoil) in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: a prospective double blind placebo-controlled randomized trial. Dig Liver Dis 2007;39:530-6. PubMed
- Moghadam BK, Gier R, and Thurlow T. Extensive oral mucosal ulcerations caused by misuse of a commercial mouthwash. Cutis 1999;64:131-134.
- Andersen, K. E. Contact allergy to toothpaste flavors. Contact Dermatitis 1978;4(4):195-198. PubMed
- Barnard, D. R. Repellency of essential oils to mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). J Med Entomol. 1999;36(5):625-629. PubMed
- Tamir, S., Davidovich, Z., Attal, P., and Eliashar, R. Peppermint oil chemical burn. Otolaryngol.Head Neck Surg. 2005;133(5):801-802. PubMed
- Kalavala, M., Hughes, T. M., Goodwin, R. G., Anstey, A. V., and Stone, N. M. Allergic contact dermatitis to peppermint foot spray. Contact Dermatitis 2007;57(1):57-58. PubMed
- Vermaat, H., van Meurs, T., Rustemeyer, T., Bruynzeel, D. P., and Kirtschig, G. Vulval allergic contact dermatitis due to peppermint oil in herbal tea. Contact Dermatitis 2008;58(6):364-365. PubMed
- Merat, S., Khalili, S., Mostajabi, P., Ghorbani, A., Ansari, R., and Malekzadeh, R. The effect of enteric-coated, delayed-release peppermint oil on irritable bowel syndrome. Dig.Dis.Sci. 2010;55(5):1385-1390. PubMed
- Tran, A., Pratt, M., and DeKoven, J. Acute allergic contact dermatitis of the lips from peppermint oil in a lip balm. Dermatitis 2010;21(2):111-115. DOI
- Hitz, Lindenmuller, I and Lambrecht, J. T. Oral care. Curr Probl.Dermatol 2011;40:107-115.
- Shavakhi, A., Ardestani, S. K., Taki, M., Goli, M., and Keshteli, A. H. Premedication with peppermint oil capsules in colonoscopy: a double blind placebo-controlled randomized trial study. Acta Gastroenterol Belg 2012;75(3):349-353.
- Lech, Y., Olesen, K. M., Hey, H., Rask-Pedersen, E., Vilien, M., and Ostergaard, O. [Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with peppermint oil. A double- blind study with a placebo]. Ugeskr.Laeger 10-3-1988;150(40):2388-2389.
- Parys, B. T. Chemical burns resulting from contact with peppermint oil mar: a case report. Burns Incl.Therm.Inj. 1983;9(5):374-375. PubMed
- Bayat R, Borici-Mazi R. A case of anaphylaxis to peppermint. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol. 2014;10(1):6. PubMed
- Rich G, Shah A, Koloski N, et al. A randomized placebo-controlled trial on the effects of Menthacarin, a proprietary peppermint- and caraway-oil-preparation, on symptoms and quality of life in patients with functional dyspepsia. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2 PubMed
- Douros A, Bronder E, Andersohn F, et al. Herb-Induced Liver Injury in the Berlin Case-Control Surveillance Study. Int J Mol Sci 2016;17(1). PubMed
- Begas E, Tsioutsiouliti A, Kouvaras E, et al. Effects of peppermint tea consumption on the activities of CYP1A2, CYP2A6, Xanthine Oxidase, N-acetyltranferase-2 and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases-1A1/1A6 in healthy volunteers. Food Chem Toxicol 2017;100:80-9 PubMed
- Cash BD, Epstein MS, Shah SM. A Novel Delivery System of Peppermint Oil Is an Effective Therapy for Irritable Bowel Syndrome Symptoms. Dig Dis Sci 2016;61(2):560-71. PubMed
- Elsaie LT, El Mohsen AM, Ibrahim IM, Mohey-Eddin MH, Elsaie ML. Effectiveness of topical peppermint oil on symptomatic treatment of chronic pruritus. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2016;9:333-8. PubMed
- Wu J, Xu R, Zhan R, et al. Effective symptomatic treatment for severe and intractable pruritus associated with severe burn-induced hypertrophic scars: A prospective, multicenter, controlled trial. Burns 2016;42(5):1059-66. PubMed
- Weerts ZZRM, Masclee AAM, Witteman BJM, et al. Efficacy and safety of peppermint oil in a randomized, double-blind trial of patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology. 2020;158(1):123-136. PubMed
- Nee J, Ballou S, Kelley JM, et al. Peppermint Oil Treatment for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. Am J Gastroenterol 2021;116(11):2279-2285. PubMed
- Ingrosso MR, Ianiro G, Nee J, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis: efficacy of peppermint oil in irritable bowel syndrome. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2022;56(6):932-41. PubMed
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC