Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 8 of 11 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Gorilla Mode Nitric Volcano Burst Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Gorilla Mind

Powder Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Gorilla Mode Nitric Volcano Burst is a dietary supplement by Gorilla Mind with 11 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for exercise performance, muscle soreness and fatigue, blood flow and circulation.Based on those ingredients, 312 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Agmatine Sulfate, Sodium, L-Citrulline. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Gorilla Mode Nitric Volcano Burst by Gorilla Mind

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 11 of its 11 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

Gorilla Mode Nitric Volcano Burst is a powder with 11 active ingredients designed to support blood flow and athletic performance. The core actives include L-citrulline (an amino acid that the body converts to another amino acid, L-arginine, to boost nitric oxide and widen blood vessels), creatine monohydrate (a compound that helps muscle cells produce energy), agmatine sulfate (a compound derived from the amino acid arginine), betaine anhydrous (a naturally occurring compound that supports muscle and liver function), malic acid (an organic acid), glycerol (also called GlycerPump, a humectant that pulls water into muscle cells), sodium and potassium (electrolytes), and three proprietary or branded ingredients we could not fully evaluate: VasoDrive-AP, Arginine Silicate Inositol, and NO3-T.

The product also contains inactive ingredients — natural and artificial flavors, silicon dioxide, sucralose, and acesulfame potassium — which are excipients used for texture, taste, and shelf stability.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Pre-workout nitric oxide and athletic endurance support.
  • We looked for evidence on: Athletic performance, Physical performance, Muscle strength, Muscle cramps, Fatigue, Erectile dysfunction (ED) — and 4 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Glycerol is rated "Possibly Effective" for Athletic performance (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Creatine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Athletic performance, Muscle strength.
  • Also on file: L-citrulline is rated "Possibly Effective" for Athletic performance.

L-citrulline is possibly effective for athletic performance. Creatine monohydrate is possibly effective for muscle strength and athletic performance, as well as possibly effective for sarcopenia (age-related muscle loss).

Malic acid is possibly effective for dry mouth but has insufficient evidence for most other uses this product might target. Agmatine, betaine anhydrous, and glycerol have insufficient evidence or have not been rated for athletic performance or blood-flow support in our data.

We do not have effectiveness ratings on file for VasoDrive-AP, Arginine Silicate Inositol, or NO3-T.

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 8 of the 8 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 8 of 8.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 8 of 8.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

L-citrulline, creatine, agmatine, and glycerol are generally well tolerated in healthy adults short-term, though long-term safety is not fully studied for most of them. Common side effects with these ingredients include gastrointestinal upset — L-citrulline can cause heartburn and stomach discomfort; creatine may cause dehydration, diarrhea, muscle cramps, and water retention; agmatine can cause diarrhea, indigestion, and nausea; and glycerol can cause bloating, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and headache.

Betaine anhydrous is generally well tolerated but may cause body odor, diarrhea, and nausea. Malic acid and sodium are generally well tolerated in food amounts, though very high sodium intake is linked to high blood pressure and heart strain.

High potassium can cause serious cardiac effects, though potassium from food is generally safe. Pregnancy and breastfeeding: There is not enough safety data for L-citrulline, so the data advises against it in pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Creatine and agmatine safety has not been established in pregnancy, so both are best avoided; breastfeeding safety for both is also unknown. Malic acid, glycerol, and potassium lack full safety information for pregnancy and lactation — talk with your doctor for personalized advice.

Betaine anhydrous has no pregnancy/lactation data on file, and sodium is likely safe in pregnancy but possibly unsafe in some contexts during pregnancy — check with your healthcare provider.

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 5 of the 8 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Potassium, L-citrulline, Malic Acid, Sodium, Agmatine.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: diabetes medications; lithium.
  • For scale: 312 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking this product, check with your pharmacist if you take any blood pressure medications (antihypertensive drugs) — multiple ingredients can lower blood pressure further. Also double-check if you take medications that affect sodium or potassium (corticosteroids, lithium, didanosine, sodium phosphates, tolvaptan, potassium-sparing diuretics, ACE inhibitors, or ARBs), as this product contains both minerals and could raise these to unsafe levels.

If you take erectile dysfunction medications (phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors such as sildenafil), blood sugar medications, or have diabetes, discuss this product with your pharmacist as well. No interactions are documented for the three ingredients we could not check.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This pre-workout is built around creatine and L-citrulline, both possibly effective for athletic performance, but it carries several Moderate-severity interactions with blood pressure, diabetes, heart, and kidney medications — especially those affecting sodium or potassium. If you take any prescription medication, check your exact drugs with the tool on this page before starting.

If you have kidney disease, heart disease, or take medications for blood pressure, diabetes, or electrolyte balance, talk to your pharmacist first.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 8 of 11 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Dec 21, 2024.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Gorilla Mode Nitric Volcano Burst, straight from the product label.

Brand Gorilla Mind
Net contents 1.59 Pound(s); 720 Gram(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Dec 21, 2024
DSLD ID 322549
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Powder
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Gorilla Mode Nitric Volcano Burst by Gorilla Mind, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
18 Gram(s), 36 Gram(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
18 Gram(s), 36 Gram(s)
Servings per container
40
IngredientAmount% DV
L-Citrulline5000 mg, 10000 mg--
Malic Acid1500 mg, 3000 mg--
Creatine Monohydrate2500 mg, 5000 mg--
Agmatine Sulfate750 mg, 1500 mg--
Betaine Anhydrous2000 mg, 4000 mg--
GlycerPump2000 mg, 4000 mg--
Sodium200 mg, 400 mg9%, 18%
VasoDrive-AP127 mg, 254 mg--
Arginine Silicate Inositol750 mg, 1500 mg--
Potassium30 mg, 60 mg1%, 1%
NO3-T750 mg, 1500 mg--

Other ingredients: Natural & Artificial Flavors, Silicon Dioxide, Sucralose, Acesulfame Potassium

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formulation

Stimulant free pre-workout formula

Raises nitric oxide Intramuscular hyper-hydration Increases power & endurance

Formula

Volcano Burst Naturally & artificially flavored

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Precautions

Contains: Milk.

See for yourself

Gorilla Mode Nitric Volcano Burst by Gorilla Mind label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

What’s inside

The Ingredients in Gorilla Mode Nitric Volcano Burst by Gorilla Mind

These are the 11 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size18 Gram(s) Dosage formPowder Servings per container40 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

L-Citrulline

Interacts with
178 drugs
5000 mg per serving

L-citrulline is an amino acid that the body turns into L-arginine to help make nitric oxide, which relaxes blood vessels and may improve blood flow. I...

L-Citrulline monograph & interactions

Malic Acid

Interacts with
172 drugs
1500 mg per serving

Malic acid is a natural acid found in apples and other fruits, often combined with magnesium in supplements marketed for fibromyalgia and muscle pain....

Malic Acid monograph & interactions

Creatine Monohydrate

No known
interactions
2500 mg per serving

Creatine is one of the most studied sports supplements, with solid evidence that it can boost strength and performance during short, high-intensity ac...

Creatine Monohydrate monograph & interactions

Agmatine Sulfate

Interacts with
258 drugs
750 mg per serving

Agmatine is a compound your body makes from the amino acid arginine, and it is sold mainly as a workout and 'pump' supplement. Human evidence for most...

Agmatine Sulfate monograph & interactions

Betaine Anhydrous

No known
interactions
2000 mg per serving

Betaine anhydrous (also called trimethylglycine) is a compound found in foods like beets, spinach, and whole grains, and is sold as a supplement and a...

Betaine Anhydrous monograph & interactions

GlycerPump

No known
interactions
2000 mg per serving Form: Glycerol, Powder

Glycerol (glycerin) is a sweet, syrupy compound made naturally in the body and widely used in foods, skin products, and medicines. It is well establis...

GlycerPump monograph & interactions

Sodium

Interacts with
205 drugs
200 mg per serving Form: Sodium Nitrate

Sodium is an essential mineral and electrolyte your body needs to balance fluids, support nerves, and help muscles work. Most people in modern diets g...

Sodium monograph & interactions

VasoDrive-AP

127 mg per serving Form: Isoleucyl-Prolyl-Proline, Valyl-Prolyl-Proline

Arginine Silicate Inositol

750 mg per serving

Potassium

Interacts with
62 drugs
30 mg per serving Form: Arginine Silicate Inositol

Potassium is an essential mineral your body needs for nerve signals, muscle function, and a steady heartbeat, and most people get enough from a balanc...

Potassium monograph & interactions

NO3-T

750 mg per serving Form: Sodium Nitrate

Other (inactive) ingredients: Natural & Artificial Flavors, Silicon Dioxide, Sucralose, Acesulfame Potassium. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Gorilla Mode Nitric Volcano Burst by Gorilla Mind Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Gorilla Mode Nitric Volcano Burst?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

Go to the checker
312Drugs
312 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Sodium 205

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Gorilla Mode Nitric Volcano Burst with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Agmatine Sulfate2 drug types · 258 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, agmatine might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Animal and in vitro research suggest that agmatine has mild hypoglycemic effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, agmatine might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Animal research suggests that agmatine can modestly decrease heart rate and blood pressure.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Sodium7 drug types · 205 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, a high intake of dietary sodium might reduce the effectiveness of antihypertensive drugs.
High intake of dietary sodium can increase systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Also, high intake of sodium may necessitate increased use of antihypertensive medications to achieve blood pressure control in some patients, such as those with chronic kidney disease.

Likelihood Probable Evidence A
Corticosteroids

Concomitant use of mineralocorticoids and some glucocorticoids with sodium supplements might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Mineralocorticoids and some glucocorticoids (corticosteroids) cause sodium retention. This effect is dose-related and depends on mineralocorticoid potency. It is most common with hydrocortisone, cortisone, and fludrocortisone, followed by prednisone and prednisolone.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Didanosine (Videx)

Concomitant use of didanosine with additional sodium from dietary or supplemental sources may increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Didanosine formulations contain a significant amount of sodium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Lithium

Altering dietary intake of sodium might alter the levels and clinical effects of lithium.
High sodium intake can reduce plasma concentrations of lithium by increasing lithium excretion. Reducing sodium intake can significantly increase plasma concentrations of lithium and cause lithium toxicity in patients being treated with lithium carbonate. Stabilizing sodium intake is shown to reduce the percentage of patients with lithium level fluctuations above 0.8 mEq/L. Patients taking lithium should avoid significant alterations in their dietary intake of sodium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Sodium Phosphates

Theoretically, concomitant use of sodium phosphate with sodium supplements might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Use of high doses (> 45 mL in 24 hours) of sodium phosphate, such as those used for bowel cleansing before surgery, can lead to serious electrolyte disturbances, including hypernatremia. The risk of hypernatremia is highest in the elderly and people with other risk factors for electrolyte disturbances.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Sodium-Containing Drugs

Concomitant use of sodium-containing drugs with additional sodium from dietary or supplemental sources may increase the risk of hypernatremia and long-term sodium-related complications.
The Chronic Disease Risk Reduction (CDRR) intake level of 2.3 grams of sodium daily indicates the intake at which it is believed that chronic disease risk increases for the apparently healthy population. Some medications contain high quantities of sodium. When used in conjunction with sodium supplements or high-sodium diets, the CDRR may be exceeded. Additionally, concomitant use may increase the risk for hypernatremia; this risk is highest in the elderly and people with other risk factors for electrolyte disturbances.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Tolvaptan (Samsca)

Theoretically, concomitant use of tolvaptan with sodium might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Tolvaptan is a vasopressin receptor 2 antagonist that is used to increase sodium levels in patients with hyponatremia. Patients taking tolvaptan should use caution with the use of sodium salts such as sodium chloride.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C

L-Citrulline2 drug types · 178 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of L-citrulline with antihypertensive drugs might have additive effects and increase the chance of hypotension.
L-citrulline is converted to L-arginine, which can increase nitric oxide and cause vasodilation. However, a meta-analysis of 5 small clinical studies suggests that taking L-citrulline 3-6 grams daily for 1-8 weeks does not lower blood pressure when compared with control.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors

Theoretically, concurrent use of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors and L-citrulline might result in additive vasodilation.
L-citrulline is converted to L-arginine, which can increase nitric oxide and cause vasodilation. Theoretically, taking L-arginine with PDE-5 inhibitors might have additive vasodilatory and hypotensive effects. However, in studies evaluating the combined use of L-arginine and sildenafil for erectile dysfunction, hypotension was not reported.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Malic Acid1 drug type · 172 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, malic acid might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Animal research shows that malic acid isolated from tagetes roots can reduce mean arterial blood pressure.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Potassium3 drug types · 62 drugs

Ace Inhibitors (Aceis)

Using ACEIs with high doses of potassium increases the risk of hyperkalemia.
ACEIs block the actions of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and reduce potassium excretion. Concomitant use of these drugs with potassium supplements increases the risk of hyperkalemia. However, concomitant use of these drugs with moderate dietary potassium intake (about 3775-5200 mg daily) does not increase serum potassium levels.

Likelihood Likely Evidence C
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (Arbs)

Using ARBs with high doses of potassium increases the risk of hyperkalemia.
ARBs block the actions of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and reduce potassium excretion. Concomitant use of these drugs with potassium supplements increases the risk of hyperkalemia. However, concomitant use of these drugs with moderate dietary potassium intake (about 3775-5200 mg daily) does not increase serum potassium levels.

Likelihood Likely Evidence C
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

Concomitant use increases the risk of hyperkalemia.
Using potassium-sparing diuretics with potassium supplements increases the risk of hyperkalemia.

Likelihood Likely Evidence C
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Gorilla Mode Nitric Volcano Burst, from the product label.

Gorilla Mind

See all Gorilla Mind products
Name
Gorilla Mind
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Gorilla Mode Nitric Volcano Burst by Gorilla Mind: Common Questions

Does Gorilla Mode Nitric Volcano Burst by Gorilla Mind interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Gorilla Mode Nitric Volcano Burst has a known interaction with 312 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Gorilla Mode Nitric Volcano Burst contains 11 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take this if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
L-citrulline and creatine are best avoided in pregnancy — the data advises against them. For the other ingredients, there isn't enough safety information, so talk with your doctor or pharmacist for personalized guidance.
Is creatine safe? I've heard it can hurt your kidneys.
Creatine is generally well tolerated in healthy adults, but if you have any kidney problems, talk to your pharmacist first — the data does advise caution for people with kidney issues. Common side effects are water retention, muscle cramps, and diarrhea.
What does L-citrulline do?
L-citrulline is an amino acid your body converts to L-arginine, which boosts nitric oxide and widens your blood vessels to improve blood flow. It's possibly effective for athletic performance.
Will this actually help me with my workouts?
L-citrulline and creatine are both possibly effective for athletic performance and muscle strength, so they have some evidence behind them. The other ingredients don't have strong evidence established in our data, or we couldn't check them.
What are the side effects I might feel?
The most common ones are stomach upset — heartburn, bloating, nausea, diarrhea, and indigestion — plus dizziness and headache with some of the ingredients. Creatine can also cause muscle cramps and water retention. These are usually mild and short-term.
Why does this powder have sodium and potassium in it?
Both are electrolytes — minerals your muscles and nerves need to function. During intense workouts, you lose them through sweat, so they're added to help with hydration and muscle performance. But if you take medications that affect sodium or potassium levels, check with your pharmacist first.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Gorilla Mode Nitric Volcano Burst label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Gorilla Mode Nitric Volcano Burst’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

L-citrulline

Interacts with 178 drugs

L-citrulline is an amino acid that the body turns into L-arginine to help make nitric oxide, which relaxes blood vessels and may improve blood flow. It is popular for exercise performance an...

Read the full L-citrulline monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Malic Acid

Interacts with 172 drugs

Malic acid is a natural acid found in apples and other fruits, often combined with magnesium in supplements marketed for fibromyalgia and muscle pain. The evidence for its health benefits is...

Read the full Malic Acid monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Creatine

Creatine is one of the most studied sports supplements, with solid evidence that it can boost strength and performance during short, high-intensity activities like weightlifting and sprintin...

Read the full Creatine monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Agmatine

Interacts with 258 drugs

Agmatine is a compound your body makes from the amino acid arginine, and it is sold mainly as a workout and 'pump' supplement. Human evidence for most of its claimed benefits is limited and...

Read the full Agmatine monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Betaine Anhydrous

Betaine anhydrous (also called trimethylglycine) is a compound found in foods like beets, spinach, and whole grains, and is sold as a supplement and as a prescription medicine for a rare gen...

Read the full Betaine Anhydrous monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Glycerol

Glycerol (glycerin) is a sweet, syrupy compound made naturally in the body and widely used in foods, skin products, and medicines. It is well established as a laxative and a skin and eye moi...

Read the full Glycerol monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Sodium

Interacts with 205 drugs

Sodium is an essential mineral and electrolyte your body needs to balance fluids, support nerves, and help muscles work. Most people in modern diets get more than enough—often too much—from...

Read the full Sodium monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Potassium

Interacts with 62 drugs

Potassium is an essential mineral your body needs for nerve signals, muscle function, and a steady heartbeat, and most people get enough from a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables. P...

Read the full Potassium monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Gorilla Mode Nitric Volcano Burst's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 173 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

L-citrulline 8 references
  1. Cheng JW, Balwin SN. L-arginine in the management of cardiovascular diseases. Ann Pharmacother 2001;35:755-64. PubMed
  2. Schwedhelm E, Maas R, Freese R, et al. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of oral L-citrulline and L-arginine: impact on nitric oxide metabolism. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2008;65:51-9. PubMed
  3. Romero MJ, Platt DH, Caldwell RB, Caldwell RW. Therapeutic use of citrulline in cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Drug Rev 2006;24:275-90. PubMed
  4. Balderas-Munoz K, Castillo-Martínez L, Orea-Tejeda A, et al. Improvement of ventricular function in systolic heart failure patients with oral L-citrulline supplementation. Cardiol J 2012;19:612-7. PubMed
  5. Sharif Kashani B, Tahmaseb Pour P, Malekmohammad M, et al. Oral l-citrulline malate in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension and Eisenmenger Syndrome: a clinical trial. J Cardiol 2014;64:231-5. PubMed
  6. Pérez-Guisado J, Jakeman PM. Citrulline malate enhances athletic anaerobic performance and relieves muscle soreness. J Strength Cond Res 2010;24:1215-22. PubMed
  7. Mirenayat MS, Moradi S, Mohammadi H, Rouhani MH. Effect of L-citrulline supplementation on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2018;20(11):98. PubMed
  8. Xu Z, Liu C, Liu S, Zhou Z. Comparison of efficacy and safety of daily oral L-arginine and PDE5Is alone or combination in treating erectile dysfunction: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Andrologia. 2021:e14007. PubMed

See these in context on the L-citrulline monograph →

Malic Acid 7 references
  1. Russell IJ, Michalek JE, Flechas JD, Abraham GE. Treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome with Super Malic: a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, crossover pilot study. J Rheumatol 1995;22:953-8.
  2. Fiume, Z. Final report on the safety assessment of malic acid and sodium malate. Int J Toxicol 2001;20 Suppl 1:47-55. PubMed
  3. Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 184 - Direct Food Substances Affirmed as Generally Recognized as Safe. Available at: http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?c=ecfr&sid=786bafc6f6343634fbf79fcdca7061e1&rgn=div5&view=text&node=21:3.0.1.1
  4. Saleem R, Ahmad M, Naz A, et al. Hypotensive and toxicological study of citric acid and other constituents from Tagetes patula roots. Arch Pharm Res 2004;27(10):1037-42.
  5. Chiriac A, Brzezinski P. Topical malic acid in combination with citric acid: an option to treat recalcitrant warts. Dermatol Ther. 2015;28(6):336-8. PubMed
  6. CFR - Code of Federal Regulations Title 21 SUBCHAPTER B. 184.1069 Malic Acid. Food and Drug Administration Department Of Health And Human Services. Updated April 1, 2017. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=184.1069.
  7. Amended Safety Assessment of Malic Acid and Sodium Malate as Used in Cosmetics. Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel. Updated May 19, 2017. http://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/malic%20acid.pdf. Accessed January 24, 2018.

See these in context on the Malic Acid monograph →

Creatine 86 references
  1. Koshy KM, Griswold E, Schneeberger EE. Interstitial nephritis in a patient taking creatine. N Engl J Med 1999;340:814-5. PubMed
  2. Vahedi K, Domingo V, Amarenco P, Bousser MG. Ischemic stroke in a sportsman who consumed MaHuang extract and creatine monohydrate for bodybuilding. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr 2000;68:112-3.
  3. Greenhaff P. Renal dysfunction accompanying oral creatine supplements. Lancet 1998;352:233-4. PubMed
  4. Vandenberghe K, Goris M, Van Hecke P, et al. Long-term creatine intake is beneficial to muscle performance during resistance training (abstract). J Appl Physiol 1997;83:2055-63. PubMed
  5. Hultman E, Soderlund K, Timmons JA, et al. Muscle creatine loading in men. J Appl Physiol 1996;81:232-7. PubMed
  6. Pritchard NR, Kalra PA. Renal dysfunction accompanying oral creatine supplements. Lancet 1998;351:1252-3. PubMed
  7. Poortmans JR, Auquier H, Renaut V, et al. Effect of short-term creatine supplementation on renal responses in men (abstract). Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1997;76:566-7. PubMed
  8. Poortmans JR, Francaux M. Long-term oral creatine supplementation does not impair renal function in healthy athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999;31:1108-10. PubMed
  9. Mihic S, MacDonald JR, McKenzie S, Tarnopolsky MA. Acute creatine loading increases fat-free mass, but does not affect blood pressure, plasma creatinine, or CK activity in men and women. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000;32:291-6. PubMed
  10. Rawson ES, Wehnert ML, Clarkson PM. Effects of 30 days of creatine ingestion in older men. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1999;80:139-44. PubMed
  11. Earnest CP, Almada AL, Mitchell TL. High-performance capillary electrophoresis-pure creatine monohydrate reduces blood lipids in men and women. Clin Sci (Colch) 1996;91:113-8. PubMed
  12. Juhn MS. Oral creatine supplementation. Separating fact from hype. Phys Sportsmed 1999;27:47-50,53-54,56,61,89. PubMed
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See these in context on the Sodium monograph →

Potassium 12 references
  1. McEvoy GK, ed. AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1998.
  2. Gennaro A. Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy. 19th ed. Lippincott: Williams & Wilkins, 1996.
  3. Whelton PK, He J, Cutler JA, et al. Effects of oral potassium on blood pressure. Meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. JAMA 1997;277:1624-32. PubMed
  4. Phillips, C. O., Kashani, A., Ko, D. K., Francis, G., and Krumholz, H. M. Adverse effects of combination angiotensin II receptor blockers plus angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors for left ventricular dysfunction: a quantitative review of data from ra DOI
  5. Altieri, P. I., Herrero, C., Suero, R., and Ortiz, A. Bleeding duodenal ulcer in a patient taking slow-releasing potassium tablets. Bol.Asoc.Med P.R. 1977;69(8):276.
  6. Raf, L. E. Enteric-coated potassium chloride tablets and ulcer of the small intestine. Acta Chir Scand Suppl 1967;(374):1-87.
  7. Potassium chloride oral solution [package insert]. Allentown, PA: Lehigh Valley Technologies, Inc.; 2014.
  8. Potassium chloride injection [package insert]. Lake Forest, IL: Hospira Inc.; 2009.
  9. Patel RB, Tannenbaum S, Viana-Tejedor A, et al. Serum potassium levels, cardiac arrhythmias, and mortality following non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction or unstable angina: insights from MERLIN-TIMI 36. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care 2017 Feb;6(1):1 PubMed
  10. Malta D, Arcand J, Ravindran A, Floras V, Allard JP, Newton GE. Adequate intake of potassium does not cause hyperkalemia in hypertensive individuals taking medications that antagonize the renin angiotensin aldosterone system. Am J Clin Nutr 2016 Oct;104(4 PubMed
  11. Keskin M, Kaya A, Tatlisu MA, et al. The effect of serum potassium level on in-hospital and long-term mortality in ST elevation myocardial infarction. Int J cardiol. 2016 Oct 15;221:505-10.
  12. Stallings VA, Harrison M, Oria M; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium, Food and Nutrition Board, Health and Medicine Division, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington (DC): National Acad

See these in context on the Potassium monograph →

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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