Grape Seed Extract Ingredients & Drug Interactions
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Grape Seed Extract against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Grape Seed Extract is a dietary supplement by MRM Nutrition with 1 active ingredient. Its ingredients are commonly taken for antioxidant support, heart and circulation health, vein problems (such as varicose veins).Based on those ingredients, 910 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Grape Seed Extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Grape Seed Extract by MRM Nutrition
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Grape Seed Extract by MRM Nutrition — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Grape Seed Extract by MRM Nutrition
Four independent checks of what is known — a summary of the available information, not a grade of the product itself.
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
None of the active ingredients could be matched to our evidence database, so intended use can't be graded.
Why this rating?
- None of the active ingredients could be matched to a HelloPharmacist monograph, so intended use can't be graded against our evidence data.
Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.
Why this rating?
- The label discloses an exact amount for 1 of its 1 active ingredient.
- “Grape Seed Extract” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label gives one combined amount (120 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.
None of the active ingredients could be matched to our interaction database.
Why this rating?
- We couldn't match any ingredient to a HelloPharmacist monograph, so there was nothing to check interactions against.
None of the active ingredients could be matched to our safety data.
Why this rating?
- We couldn't match any ingredient to a HelloPharmacist monograph, so there was no safety data to measure.
HelloPharmacist summaryFully disclosed formula with no assessable stated purpose. Medication interactions could not be assessed, and safety information could not be assessed.
Assessment coverage: 0 of 1 active ingredient matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Dec 21, 2024.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Grape Seed Extract, straight from the product label.
| Brand | MRM Nutrition |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 60949258001 |
| Net contents | 100 Vegan Capsule(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Dec 21, 2024 |
| DSLD ID | 319093 |
| Product type | Botanical |
| Supplement form | Capsule |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Vegan, Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Grape Seed Extract by MRM Nutrition, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Grape Seed Extract | 120 mg | -- |
| Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins | 114 mg | -- |
Other ingredients: Rice Flour, Cellulose
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Suggested usage: Take 1 capsule per day with or without a meal or as directed by your qualified healthcare provider.
Formulation
Cardiovascular & circulatory support
GF (gluten free) NON GMO
Vegan
Circulation
Contains no added milk, egg, peanut, tree nut, fish, shellfish, soy, wheat, gluten or yeast ingredients.
Formula
95% oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCS)
FDA Disclaimer Statement
This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
General Statements
Made from recycled materials
Seals/Symbols
Vegan
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Grape Seed Extract by MRM Nutrition label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Grape Seed Extract by MRM Nutrition
This is the 1 active ingredient this product is made of. Select it to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 Vegan Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container100 Amounts shown are per serving.
Grape Seed Extract
Interacts with910 drugs
Grapes and grape products like grape seed extract contain antioxidant compounds such as resveratrol and proanthocyanidins that may support heart and b...
Grape Seed Extract monograph & interactions- › Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins
Other (inactive) ingredients: Rice Flour, Cellulose. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Grape Seed Extract by MRM Nutrition Drug Interactions
Grape Seed Extract contains a single active ingredient, and it has known interactions with 910 medications. Here’s the picture, then you can look up your own drug.
Want to check YOUR meds against Grape Seed Extract?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Grape Seed Extract interact with 910 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
1 of the 1 ingredient in Grape Seed Extract interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Grape Seed Extract
AzilsartanEdarbi
How Azilsartan interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Azilsartan interactionAzilsartan, ChlorthalidoneEdarbyclor
How Azilsartan, Chlorthalidone interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Azilsartan, Chlorthalidone interactionBupivacaine, MeloxicamZynrelef Kit
How Bupivacaine, Meloxicam interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Bupivacaine, Meloxicam interactionCelecoxibCelebrex, Elyxyb
How Celecoxib interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Celecoxib interactionFlurbiprofenAnsaid, Flurbiprofen, Flurprofen, Froben, Froben SR, Ocufen
How Flurbiprofen interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Flurbiprofen interactionFluvastatinLescol, Lescol XL
How Fluvastatin interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Fluvastatin interactionFosphenytoinCerebyx
How Fosphenytoin interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Fosphenytoin interactionFosphenytoin SodiumSesquient
How Fosphenytoin Sodium interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Fosphenytoin Sodium interactionGliclazideDiamicron
How Gliclazide interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Gliclazide interactionGlimepirideAmaryl
How Glimepiride interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Glimepiride interactionGlipizideGlucotrol, Glucotrol XL
How Glipizide interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Glipizide interactionGlipizide, MetforminMetaglip
How Glipizide, Metformin interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Glipizide, Metformin interactionGlyburideAlbert Glyburide, Diabeta, Glycron, Glynase, Glynase PresTab, Micronase +1 more
How Glyburide interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Glyburide interactionGlyburide, MetforminGlucovance
How Glyburide, Metformin interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Glyburide, Metformin interactionHydrochlorothiazide, IrbesartanAvalide
How Hydrochlorothiazide, Irbesartan interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Hydrochlorothiazide, Irbesartan interactionHydrochlorothiazide, ValsartanDiovan HCT
How Hydrochlorothiazide, Valsartan interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Hydrochlorothiazide, Valsartan interactionIndomethacinIndo-Lemmon, Indocin, Indocin SR, Indomethagan, Tivorbex
How Indomethacin interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Indomethacin interactionIrbesartanAprovel, Avapro
How Irbesartan interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Irbesartan interactionIrbesartan, HydrochlorothiazideCoAprovel
How Irbesartan, Hydrochlorothiazide interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Irbesartan, Hydrochlorothiazide interactionLesinuradZurampic
How Lesinurad interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Lesinurad interactionLesinurad, AllopurinolDuzallo
How Lesinurad, Allopurinol interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Lesinurad, Allopurinol interactionLumiracoxibPrexige
How Lumiracoxib interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Lumiracoxib interactionMefenamic AcidPonstel
How Mefenamic Acid interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Mefenamic Acid interactionMeloxicamAnjeso, Mobic, Qmiiz ODT, Vivlodex
How Meloxicam interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Meloxicam interactionMephenytoinMesantoin
How Mephenytoin interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Mephenytoin interactionMetformin, RosiglitazoneAvandamet
How Metformin, Rosiglitazone interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Metformin, Rosiglitazone interactionMontelukast SodiumSingulair
How Montelukast Sodium interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Montelukast Sodium interactionNateglinideStarlix
How Nateglinide interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Nateglinide interactionPhenobarbital, PhenytoinDilantin with PB
How Phenobarbital, Phenytoin interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Phenobarbital, Phenytoin interactionPhenytoinDi-Phen, Dilantin, Dilantin Infatabs, Dilantin injection, Dilantin Kapseals, Phenytek
How Phenytoin interacts with Grape Seed Extract — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Grape Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
Read the full Grape Seed Extract + Phenytoin interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Grape Seed Extract with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Grape Seed Extract
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, grape extracts may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro evidence suggests that grape extracts might decrease platelet aggregation.
Cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune)
Ingesting grape juice with cyclosporine can reduce cyclosporine absorption.
A small pharmacokinetic study in healthy young adults shows that intake of purple grape juice 200 mL along with cyclosporine can decrease the absorption of cyclosporine by up to 30% when compared with water. Separate doses of grape juice and cyclosporine by at least 2 hours to avoid this interaction.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Theoretically, grape juice might reduce the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
A small pharmacokinetic study in healthy adults shows that ingestion of 200 mL of grape juice decreases phenacetin plasma levels. This is thought to be due to induction of CYP1A2.
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates
Theoretically, grape seed extract may increase the levels of CYP2D6 substrates.
In vitro evidence suggests that grape seed extract might inhibit CYP2D6 enzymes. However, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (Cyp2E1) Substrates
Theoretically, grape seed extract might increase the levels of CYP2E1 substrates.
In vitro and animal research suggests that grape seed proanthocyanidin extract inhibits CYP2E1 enzymes. However, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
It is unclear if grape seed extract inhibits or induces CYP3A4; research is conflicting.
In vitro evidence suggests that grape seed extract might inhibit CYP3A4 enzymes. However, evidence from animal research shows that grape seed extract may induce CYP3A4 in the liver. So far, these interactions have not been reported in humans.
Midazolam (Versed)
Theoretically, long-term intake of grape seed extract might decrease the effects of midazolam.
Animal research shows that subchronic ingestions of grape seed extract can increase the elimination of intravenous midazolam by increasing hepatic CYP3A4 activity. Single doses of grape seed extract do not appear to affect midazolam elimination.
Phenacetin
Grape juice might decrease phenacetin absorption.
A small pharmacokinetic study in healthy adults shows that ingestion of 200 mL of grape juice decreases phenacetin plasma levels. This is thought to be due to induction of cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2).
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates
It is unclear if grape juice or grape seed extract inhibits CYP2C9; research is conflicting.
In vitro evidence shows that grape seed extract or grape juice might inhibit CYP2C9 enzymes. However, a small pharmacokinetic study in healthy adults shows that drinking 8 ounces of grape juice once does not affect the clearance of flurbiprofen, a probe-drug for CYP2C9 metabolism. The effects of continued grape juice consumption are unclear.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Grape Seed Extract, from the product label.
MRM Nutrition
See all MRM Nutrition products- Name
- MRM
- Street Address
- 2665 Vista Pacific Dr
- City
- Oceanside
- State
- CA
- ZipCode
- 92056
- Phone Number
- 1-800-948-6296
- Web Address
- www.mrmnutrition.com
Grape Seed Extract by MRM Nutrition: Common Questions
Does Grape Seed Extract by MRM Nutrition interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Where does this information come from?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if Grape Seed Extract is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Grape Seed Extract’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Sources & How We Checked
Grape Seed Extract's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 34 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Grape 34 references
- Kiesewetter H, Koscielny J, Kalus U, et al. Efficacy of orally administered extract of red vine leaf AS 195 (folia vitis viniferae) in chronic venous insufficiency (stages I-II). A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Arzneimittelforschung
- Xiao Dong S, Zhi Ping Z, Zhong Xiao W, et al. Possible enhancement of the first-pass metabolism of phenacetin by ingestion of grape juice in Chinese subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1999;48:638-40. PubMed
- Vaswani SK, Hamilton RG, Carey RN, et al. Anaphylaxis recurrent urticaria and angioedema from grape hypersensitivity. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1998;101:S31.
- Chevallier A. The Encyclopedia of Medicinal Plants. London, UK: Dorling Kindersley, Ltd., 1996.
- Bernstein DI, Bernstein CK, Deng C, et al. Evaluation of the clinical efficacy and safety of grapeseed extract in the treatment of fall seasonal allergic rhinitis: a pilot study. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2002;88:272-8.. PubMed
- Greenblatt DJ, von Moltke LL, Perloff ES, et al. Interaction of flurbiprofen with cranberry juice, grape juice, tea, and fluconazole: in vitro and clinical studies. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2006;79:125-33. PubMed
- Ward NC, Hodgson JM, Croft KD, et al. The combination of vitamin C and grape-seed polyphenols increases blood pressure: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Hypertens 2005;23:427-34.. PubMed
- Ray, S. D., Parikh, H., Hickey, E., Bagchi, M., and Bagchi, D. Differential effects of IH636 grape seed proanthocyanidin extract and a DNA repair modulator 4-aminobenzamide on liver microsomal cytochrome 4502E1-dependent aniline hydroxylation. Mol Cell B PubMed
- O'Byrne, D. J., Devaraj, S., Grundy, S. M., and Jialal, I. Comparison of the antioxidant effects of Concord grape juice flavonoids alpha-tocopherol on markers of oxidative stress in healthy adults. Am J Clin.Nutr. 2002;76(6):1367-1374.
- Schaefer, E., Peil, H., Ambrosetti, L., and Petrini, O. Oedema protective properties of the red vine leaf extract AS 195 (Folia vitis viniferae) in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency. A 6-week observational clinical trial. Arzneimittelforschun PubMed
- Nishikawa, M., Ariyoshi, N., Kotani, A., Ishii, I., Nakamura, H., Nakasa, H., Ida, M., Nakamura, H., Kimura, N., Kimura, M., Hasegawa, A., Kusu, F., Ohmori, S., Nakazawa, K., and Kitada, M. Effects of continuous ingestion of green tea or grape seed extra
- de Lange, D. W., Scholman, W. L., Kraaijenhagen, R. J., Akkerman, J. W., and van de Wiel, A. Alcohol and polyphenolic grape extract inhibit platelet adhesion in flowing blood. Eur.J Clin.Invest 2004;34(12):818-824. PubMed
- Samet, J. M. and Coultas, D. B. Reduced forced vital capacity in California grape workers. What does it mean? Am Rev.Respir.Dis 1992;145(2 Pt 1):255-256. PubMed
- Gamsky, T. E., McCurdy, S. A., Samuels, S. J., and Schenker, M. B. Reduced FVC among California grape workers. Am Rev.Respir.Dis 1992;145(2 Pt 1):257-262. PubMed
- de Lange, D. W., Verhoef, S., Gorter, G., Kraaijenhagen, R. J., van de Wiel, A., and Akkerman, J. W. Polyphenolic grape extract inhibits platelet activation through PECAM-1: an explanation for the French paradox. Alcohol Clin.Exp.Res 2007;31(8):1308-1314 PubMed
- Etheridge, A. S., Black, S. R., Patel, P. R., So, J., and Mathews, J. M. An in vitro evaluation of cytochrome P450 inhibition and P-glycoprotein interaction with goldenseal, Ginkgo biloba, grape seed, milk thistle, and ginseng extracts and their constitu
- Krikorian, R., Nash, T. A., Shidler, M. D., Shukitt-Hale, B., and Joseph, J. A. Concord grape juice supplementation improves memory function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Br J Nutr. 2010;103(5):730-734. PubMed
- Ingersoll, G. L., Wasilewski, A., Haller, M., Pandya, K., Bennett, J., He, H., Hoffmire, C., and Berry, C. Effect of concord grape juice on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: results of a pilot study. Oncol.Nurs.Forum 2010;37(2):213-221. PubMed
- Oliveira-Freitas, V. L., Dalla, Costa T., Manfro, R. C., Cruz, L. B., and Schwartsmann, G. Influence of purple grape juice in cyclosporine bioavailability. J Ren Nutr. 2010;20(5):309-313. PubMed
- Hollis, J. H., Houchins, J. A., Blumberg, J. B., and Mattes, R. D. Effects of concord grape juice on appetite, diet, body weight, lipid profile, and antioxidant status of adults. J Am Coll.Nutr. 2009;28(5):574-582. PubMed
- Dohadwala, M. M., Hamburg, N. M., Holbrook, M., Kim, B. H., Duess, M. A., Levit, A., Titas, M., Chung, W. B., Vincent, F. B., Caiano, T. L., Frame, A. A., Keaney, J. F., Jr., and Vita, J. A. Effects of Concord grape juice on ambulatory blood pressure in
- Rabe, E., Stucker, M., Esperester, A., Schafer, E., and Ottillinger, B. Efficacy and tolerability of a red-vine-leaf extract in patients suffering from chronic venous insufficiency--results of a double-blind placebo-controlled study. Eur.J Vasc.Endovasc. PubMed
- Trotta, M., Cesaretti, M., Conzi, R., Derchi, L. E., and Borgonovo, G. Elderly male with mesogastric pain. Small bowel obstruction caused by an intact fresh grape. Ann.Emerg.Med 2011;58(4):e1-e2. PubMed
- McCurdy, S. A., Wiggins, P., Schenker, M. B., Munn, S., Shaieb, A. M., Weinbaum, Z., Goldsmith, D., McGillis, S. T., Berman, B., and Samuels, S. Assessing dermatitis in epidemiologic studies: occupational skin disease among California grape and tomato ha
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