Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Based on 3 of 8 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Hemohills Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Herbal Hills

Tablet Or Pill Category: Botanical
Most serious interaction: Major
The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

Hemohills is a dietary supplement by Herbal Hills with 8 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for blood sugar control, boosting breast milk supply, high cholesterol.Based on those ingredients, 1,221 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Neem extract, Kumari extract, Methi extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Hemohills by Herbal Hills

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 8 active ingredients.
  • “Proprietary Herbal Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (550 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

Hemohills contains 8 ingredients total, of which 5 are active herbal extracts. The main components include fenugreek (Methi), neem, and aloe (Kumari), along with Triphala, Manjishtha, Sariva, and Punarnava extracts.

The product also contains inactive ingredients — xanthan gum, maize starch, silicon dioxide, and magnesium stearate — which are common binding and flow agents in tablets.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Support blood health and digestive system.
  • We looked for evidence on: Constipation, Dyspepsia, Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), Hemorrhoids, Intestinal parasite infection, Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) — and 4 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Aloe is rated "Possibly Effective" for Constipation (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Neem is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Dyspepsia, Hemorrhoids, Intestinal parasite infection, Peptic ulcers, and more.
  • Also on file: Aloe is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

The evidence for this product's use comes from its individual ingredients. Fenugreek is possibly effective for sexual dysfunction and sexual arousal, and for managing diabetes.

Neem is possibly effective for gingivitis, lice, and dental plaque. Aloe is possibly effective for acne, obesity, diabetes, psoriasis, burns, and constipation.

However, we hold no effectiveness data for Triphala, Manjishtha, Sariva, Punarnava, or Balharde in our records.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Fenugreek Neem Aloe

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 3 of the 3 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 3 of 3.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 3 of 3.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Fenugreek is generally well tolerated in food amounts, though supplement doses may cause abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, nausea, or flatulence. Rare severe allergic reactions (angioedema, bronchospasm, shock) have been reported.

Neem leaf preparations are likely safe short-term for adults, though neem oil and seed extracts can be toxic if swallowed. Aloe gel is generally well tolerated topically, but oral aloe latex can cause cramping, diarrhea, and with long-term use, serious potassium loss and muscle weakness.

All three ingredients carry pregnancy warnings: fenugreek may affect the uterus; neem may affect fertility; and aloe latex acts as a strong laxative that can stimulate uterine contractions. For breastfeeding, fenugreek is often used to support milk supply but evidence is limited — discuss with your provider first.

Neem should be avoided while breastfeeding due to insufficient safety data.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Fenugreek Neem Aloe

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 3 of the 3 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Neem, Aloe, Fenugreek.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; immunosuppressants / transplant drugs; diabetes medications; heart-rhythm medications.
  • For scale: 1,222 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before you take Hemohills, double-check with your pharmacist if you're on digoxin or any cardiac glycoside (Major concern with aloe). Check if you take blood thinners like warfarin or clopidogrel, blood sugar medications, water pills, theophylline, metoprolol or other blood pressure drugs, phenytoin, sildenafil, immunosuppressants, or stimulant laxatives — all Moderate interactions documented.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product combines multiple herbal extracts used traditionally for sexual and digestive health. If you take any blood thinners, heart medications, diabetes drugs, or seizure medications, check with your pharmacist before starting.

Pregnant women and those breastfeeding should discuss this product with their doctor first, especially given the aloe and neem content.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 3 of 8 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jun 23, 2017.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Hemohills, straight from the product label.

Brand Herbal Hills
Barcode (UPC) 8906068411098
Net contents 900 Tablet(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jun 23, 2017
DSLD ID 75095
Product type Botanical
Supplement form Tablet Or Pill
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Halal
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Hemohills by Herbal Hills, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Tablet(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
1 Tablet(s)
UPC/BARCODE
8906068411098
IngredientAmount% DV
Proprietary Herbal Blend550 mg--
Triphala extract0 NP--
Manjishtha extract0 NP--
Sariva extract0 NP--
Punarnava extract0 NP--
Methi extract0 NP--
Balharde0 NP--
Neem extract0 NP--
Kumari extract0 NP--

Other ingredients: Xanthan Gum, Maize Starch, Silicon Dioxide, Magnesium Stearate

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

General Statements

Suggested Use: ~ Supports blood health ~ Helps maintain healthy digestive system ~ Supports detoxification of undesirable compounds ~ Supports blood cell formation

Mfg. Lic. No.: PD/AYU/002/10

(An ISO 22000:2005 Certified Company)

Back to nature

Healthy blood support

Formulation with unrevealed secrets of natural bioenhancer

~ Pure ~ Natural ~ Effective

Colour Name: Erythrosine + Quinoline yellow.

Seals/Symbols

JAS-ANZ ICS ISO 22000:2005 Reg. No.: RH91/7301

GMP Good Manufacturing Practice

Halal India www.halalindia.com

Storage

Store in a cool dry place away from direct sunlight.

Precautions

Keep out of reach of children.

Do not use if inner seal is broken or missing.

Caution: Pregnant or lactating women are advised to consume herbal products under the advice of the healthcare practitioner.

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Direction For Use: As a dietary supplement take one tablet twice daily preferably after meals. It should be taken on empty stomach. For better results it should be taken with warm water.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food & Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

See for yourself

Hemohills by Herbal Hills label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

What’s inside

The Ingredients in Hemohills by Herbal Hills

These are the 8 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Tablet(s) Dosage formTablet Or Pill Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Proprietary Herbal Blend

550 mg per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Xanthan Gum, Maize Starch, Silicon Dioxide, Magnesium Stearate. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Hemohills by Herbal Hills Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Hemohills?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

Go to the checker
1,221Drugs
1 Major 1,158 Moderate 62 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Neem extract 1,013

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Hemohills with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Neem extract7 drug types · 1,013 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Neem might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Some clinical research shows that neem can lower blood glucose levels in adults with type 2 diabetes, including those already taking metformin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
In vitro research shows that neem leaf extract inhibits CYP1A2 enzymes. So far, this reaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (Cyp2C8) Substrates

Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP2C8 substrates.
In vitro research shows that neem leaf methanol extract inhibits CYP2C8 enzymes. So far, this reaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates

Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP2C9 substrates.
In vitro research shows that neem leaf methanol extract inhibits CYP2C9 enzymes. So far, this reaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
In vitro research shows that neem leaf methanol extract inhibits CYP3A4 enzymes. So far, this reaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Immunosuppressants

Theoretically, neem might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressants.
Animal research suggests that neem might have immunostimulant effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
P-Glycoprotein Substrates

Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of P-glycoprotein substrates.
In vitro research shows that neem leaf methanol extract inhibits renal P-glycoprotein transport activity. So far, this reaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Kumari extract7 drug types · 461 drugs

Digoxin (Lanoxin)

Theoretically, aloe latex might increase the risk of adverse effects when taken with cardiac glycosides.
Overuse of aloe latex can increase the risk of adverse effects from cardiac glycoside drugs, such as digoxin, due to potassium depletion. Overuse of aloe, along with cardiac glycoside drugs, can increase the risk of toxicity.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, aloe gel might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro research shows that aloe gel can inhibit platelet aggregation. This inhibition was greater than that seen with celecoxib, but less than that seen with aspirin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antidiabetes Drugs

Aloe might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Preliminary clinical research suggests aloe gel might lower blood glucose levels and have additive effects when used with antidiabetes drugs. Monitor blood glucose levels closely.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Diuretic Drugs

Theoretically, aloe latex might increase the risk of hypokalemia when taken with diuretic drugs.
Overuse of aloe latex might compound diuretic-induced potassium loss, increasing the risk of hypokalemia.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Stimulant Laxatives

Theoretically, aloe latex might increase the risk for fluid and electrolyte loss when taken with stimulant laxatives.
Due to cathartic laxative effects of aloe latex, concomitant use with other stimulant laxatives might compound fluid and electrolyte loss.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, aloe latex might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with warfarin.
Aloe latex has stimulant laxative effects. In some people aloe latex can cause diarrhea. Diarrhea can increase the effects of warfarin, increase international normalized ratio (INR), and increase the risk of bleeding. Advise patients who take warfarin not to take excessive amounts of aloe vera.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, aloe might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
In vitro research shows that aloe extract induces CYP1A2 enzymes.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Methi extract9 drug types · 389 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, fenugreek might have additive effects when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Some of the constituents in fenugreek have antiplatelet effects in animal and in vitro research. However, common fenugreek products might not contain sufficient concentrations of these constituents for clinical effects. A clinical study in patients with coronary artery disease or diabetes shows that taking fenugreek seed powder 2.5 grams twice daily for 3 months does not affect platelet aggregation, fibrinolytic activity, or fibrinogen levels .

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence B
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, fenugreek seed might have additive hypoglycemic effects when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Clinical research shows that fenugreek seed can reduce fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial glucose levels in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Clopidogrel (Plavix)

Theoretically, fenugreek seed might alter the clinical effects of clopidogrel by inhibiting its conversion to the active form.
Animal research shows that fenugreek seed 200 mg/kg daily for 14 days increases the maximum serum concentration of clopidogrel by 21%. It is unclear how this affects the pharmacokinetics of the active metabolite of clopidogrel; however, this study found that concomitant use of fenugreek seed and clopidogrel prolonged bleeding time by an additional 11%.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Metoprolol (Toprol)

Theoretically, fenugreek seed might have additive hypotensive effects when used with metoprolol.
Animal research shows that fenugreek seed 300 mg/kg daily for 2 weeks decreases systolic and diastolic blood pressure by 9% and 11%, respectively, when administered alone, and by 15% and 22%, respectively, when given with metoprolol 10 mg/kg.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Phenytoin (Dilantin)

Theoretically, fenugreek might decrease plasma levels of phenytoin.
Animal research shows that taking fenugreek seeds for 1 week decreases maximum concentrations and the area under the curve of a single dose of phenytoin by 44% and 72%, respectively. This seems to be related to increased clearance. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Sildenafil (Viagra)

Theoretically, concurrent use of sildenafil and fenugreek might reduce levels and therapeutic effects of sildenafil.
Animal research shows that taking fenugreek seeds for 1 week reduces maximum concentrations and the area under the curve of a single dose of sildenafil by 27% and 48%, respectively. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Theophylline

Theoretically, fenugreek may reduce the levels and clinical effects of theophylline.
Animal research shows that fenugreek 50 grams daily for 7 days reduces the maximum serum concentration (Cmax) of theophylline by 28% and the area under the plasma drug concentration-time curve (AUC) by 22%.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, fenugreek might have additive effects with warfarin and increase the international normalized ratio (INR).
Some fenugreek constituents have antiplatelet effects, although these might not be present in concentrations that are clinically significant. In one case report, a patient taking warfarin experienced an increased INR when starting to take fenugreek in combination with boldo.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antihypertensive Drugs

Fenugreek may also have an additive effect on blood pressure-lowering medications. Studies on animals have shown that fenugreek seed can decrease both systolic and diastolic blood pressure by up to 22% when combined with metoprolol. Therefore, it is essential to monitor your blood pressure regularly if you are taking fenugreek and metoprolol together or any other antihypertensive drugs.

Likelihood Possible Evidence C
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Hemohills, from the product label.

Herbal Hills

See all Herbal Hills products
Name
Isha Agro Developers Pvt. Ltd.
Street Address
55-A/B, Lonavala Co-op. Indl. Est. Ltd.
City
Nangargaon, Lonavala, Taluka-Maval, Dist. Pune,
State
Maharashtra
ZipCode
410401
Web Address
0091 22 2868 6868
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Hemohills by Herbal Hills: Common Questions

Does Hemohills by Herbal Hills interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Hemohills has a known interaction with 1,221 medications, including 1 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Hemohills contains 8 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Does fenugreek in this product affect diabetes medications?
Yes — fenugreek can lower blood glucose levels and may have additive effects with diabetes drugs. If you take medication for blood sugar, monitor your levels closely and let your pharmacist know you're taking this product.
Can I take this if I'm on a blood thinner like warfarin?
Not without checking first. Both fenugreek and aloe in this product can theoretically increase bleeding risk or affect how warfarin works. Talk to your pharmacist or doctor before starting.
Is this product safe during pregnancy?
No. Fenugreek may affect the uterus, aloe latex can stimulate contractions, and neem may affect fertility. Avoid medicinal use of this product during pregnancy and discuss it with your doctor.
What are the common side effects I might notice?
Fenugreek and aloe can both cause digestive upset — abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, or nausea. Rare severe allergic reactions including swelling, wheezing, or difficulty breathing have been reported with fenugreek and neem.
Can I take this while breastfeeding?
Fenugreek is often used to support milk supply, but evidence is limited — discuss it with your provider first. Neem should be avoided while breastfeeding due to lack of reliable safety data.
What is aloe (Kumari) in this product used for?
Aloe is possibly effective for acne, psoriasis, burns, constipation, diabetes, and obesity. In this product it's likely included for skin and digestive support.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Hemohills label
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Hemohills's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 99 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Fenugreek 30 references
  1. Madar Z, Thorne R. Dietary fiber. Prog Food Nutr Sci 1987;11:153-74.
  2. Sharma RD, Raghuram TC, Rao NS. Effect of fenugreek seeds on blood glucose and serum lipids in type I diabetes. Eur J Clin Nutr 1990;44:301-6.
  3. Patil SP, Niphadkar PV, Bapat MM. Allergy to fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum). Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 1997;78:297-300. PubMed
  4. Lambert J, Cormier J. Potential interaction between warfarin and boldo-fenugreek. Pharmacotherapy 2001;21:509-12. PubMed
  5. Bordia A, Verma SK, Srivastava KC. Effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) and fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum L.) on blood lipids, blood sugar and platelet aggregation in patients with coronary artery disease. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty PubMed
  6. Yalcin SS, Tekinalp G, Ozalp I. Peculiar odor of traditional food and maple syrup urine disease. Pediatr Int 1999;41:108-9. PubMed
  7. Sewell AC, Mosandl A, Bohles H. False diagnosis of maple syrup urine disease owing to ingestion of herbal tea. N Engl J Med 1999;341:769.. PubMed
  8. Abdo MS, al-Kafawi AA. Experimental studies on the effect of Trigonella foenum-graecum (abstract). Planta Med 1969;17:14-8.
  9. Gupta A, Gupta R, Lal B. Effect of Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) seeds on glycaemic control and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a double blind placebo controlled study. J Assoc Physicians India 2001;49:1057-61.
  10. Gabay MP. Galactogogues: medications that induce lactation. J Hum Lact 2002;18:274-9. PubMed
  11. Chevassus H, Gaillard JB, Farret A, et al. A fenugreek seed extract selectively reduces spontaneous fat intake in overweight subjects. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2010;66(5):449-55. PubMed
  12. Turkyilmaz C, Onal E, Hirfanoglu IM, et al. The effect of galactagogue herbal tea on breast milk production and short-term catch-up of birth weight in the first week of life. J Altern Complement Med 2011;17(2):139-42. PubMed
  13. Swafford S, Berens P. Effect of fenugreek on breast milk volume. Abstract presented at: 5th International Meeting of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine; September 11-13,2000, Tucson, Arizona.
  14. Abdel-Barry, J. A., Abdel-Hassan, I. A., Jawad, A. M., and al Hakiem, M. H. Hypoglycaemic effect of aqueous extract of the leaves of Trigonella foenum-graecum in healthy volunteers. East Mediterr.Health J 2000;6(1):83-88. DOI
  15. Parvizpur, A., Ahmadiani, A., and Kamalinejad, M. Probable role of spinal purinoceptors in the analgesic effect of Trigonella foenum (TFG) leaves extract. J Ethnopharmacol 3-8-2006;104(1-2):108-112. PubMed
  16. Mora, A., Herrrera, A., Lopez, C., Dahbi, G., Mamani, R., Pita, J. M., Alonso, M. P., Llovo, J., Bernardez, M. I., Blanco, J. E., Blanco, M., and Blanco, J. Characteristics of the Shiga-toxin-producing enteroaggregative Escherichia coli O104:H4 German ou
  17. Blanco, J. [Stx2a-producing enteroaggregative Escherichia coli O104:H4-ST678. Microbiological diagnostic already, for this and other STEC/VTEC serotypes!]. Enferm.Infecc.Microbiol.Clin. 2012;30(2):84-89.
  18. Beutin, L. and Martin, A. Outbreak of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O104:H4 infection in Germany causes a paradigm shift with regard to human pathogenicity of STEC strains. J Food Prot. 2012;75(2):408-418. PubMed
  19. King LA, Nogareda F, Weill FX, Mariani-Kurkdjian P, Loukiadis E, Gault G, Jourdan-DaSilva N, Bingen E, Macé M, Thevenot D, Ong N, Castor C, Noël H, Van Cauteren D, Charron M, Vaillant V, Aldabe B, Goulet V, Delmas G, Couturier E, Le Strat Y, Combe C, Delm
  20. Reeder C, Legrand A, O'Connor-Von SK. The Effect of Fenugreek on Milk Production and Prolactin Levels in Mothers of Preterm Infants. Clinical Lactation 2013;4(4):159-165. DOI
  21. Al-Jenoobi FI, Ahad A, Mahrous GM, Al-Mohizea AM, AlKharfy KM, Al-Suwayeh SA. Effects of fenugreek, garden cress, and black seed on theophylline pharmacokinetics in beagle dogs. Pharm Biol 2015;53(2):296-300. PubMed
  22. Rao A, Steels E, Inder WJ, Abraham S, Vitetta L. Testofen, a specialised Trigonella foenum-graecum seed extract reduces age-related symptoms of androgen decrease, increases testosterone levels and improves sexual function in healthy aging males in a doubl
  23. Steels E, Rao A, Vitetta L. Physiological aspects of male libido enhanced by standardized Trigonella foenum-graecum extract and mineral formulation. Phytother Res. 2011 Sep;25(9):1294-300.
  24. Gong J, Fang K, Dong H, Wang D, Hu M, Lu F. Effect of fenugreek on hyperglycaemia and hyperlipidemia in diabetes and prediabetes: A meta-analysis. J Ethnopharmacol. 2016 Dec 24;194:260-268. PubMed
  25. Ouzir M, El Bairi K, Amzazi S. Toxicological properties of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum). Food Chem Toxicol. 2016 Oct;96:145-54. PubMed
  26. Khodamoradi K, Khosropanah MH, Ayati Z, et al. The Effects of Fenugreek on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Complement Ther Med. 2020;52:102416. PubMed
  27. Alkharfy K, Jan B, Alotaibi K, et al. Clopidogrel-herb Interactions: A Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Assessment in a Rat Model. Curr Drug Metab 2021;22(12):969-977. PubMed
  28. Bin Jardan YA, Ahad A, Raish M, Alam MA, Al-Mohizea AM, Al-Jenoobi FI. Effects of garden cress, fenugreek and black seed on the pharmacodynamics of metoprolol: an herb-drug interaction study in rats with hypertension. Pharm Biol 2021;59(1):1088-1097. PubMed
  29. Al-Mohizea AM, Ahad A, El-Maghraby GM, et al. Effects of Nigella sativa, Lepidium sativum and Trigonella foenum-graecum on sildenafil disposition in beagle dogs. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2015;40(2):219-24. PubMed
  30. Alkharfy KM, Al-Jenoobi FI, Al-Mohizea AM, et al. Effects of Lepidium sativum, Nigella sativa and Trigonella foenum-graceum on phenytoin pharmacokinetics in beagle dogs. Phytother Res. 2013;27(12):1800-4.

See these in context on the Fenugreek monograph →

Neem 28 references
  1. Sinniah D, Baskaran G. Margosa oil poisoning as a cause of Reye's syndrome. Lancet 1981;1:487-9. PubMed
  2. Sinniah D, Baskaran G, Looi LM, Leong KL. Reye-like syndrome due to margosa oil poisoning: report of a case with postmortem findings. Am J Gastroenterol 1982;77:158-61.
  3. Sinniah R, Sinniah D, Chia LS, Baskaran G. Animal model of margosa oil ingestion with Reye-like syndrome. Pathogenesis of microvesicular fatty liver. J Pathol 1989;159:255-64. PubMed
  4. Lai SM, Lim KW, Cheng HK. Margosa oil poisoning as a cause of toxic encephalopathy. Singapore Med J 1990;31:463-5.
  5. Biswas K, Chattopadhyay I, Banerjee RK, Bandyopadhyay U. Biological activities and medicinal properties of neem (Azadirachta indica). Curr Sci 2002;82:1336-45.
  6. Upadhyay SN, Dhawan S, Garg S, Talwar GP. Immunomodulatory effects of neem (Azadirachta indica) oil. Int J Immunopharmacol 1992;14:1187-93. PubMed
  7. Ibrahim IA, Khalid SA, Omer SA, Adam SE. On the toxicology of Azadirachta indica leaves. J Ethnopharmacol 1992;35:267-73. PubMed
  8. Ali BH. Toxicology of Azadirachta indica. J Ethnopharmacol 1994;42:71-2. PubMed
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Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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