Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 2 of 4 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Hydrate Low Calorie Electrolyte Drink Natural Lemon-Lime Flavored Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Shaklee Performance

Hydrate Low Calorie Electrolyte Drink Natural Lemon-Lime Flavored label
See full label image
Powder Category: Botanical With Nutrients
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Hydrate Low Calorie Electrolyte Drink Natural Lemon-Lime Flavored against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Hydrate Low Calorie Electrolyte Drink Natural Lemon-Lime Flavored is a dietary supplement by Shaklee Performance with 4 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for replacing fluids and electrolytes, preventing dehydration during exercise or illness, treating low blood sodium (under medical care).Based on those ingredients, 220 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Sodium, Potassium. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Hydrate Low Calorie Electrolyte Drink Natural Lemon-Lime Flavored by Shaklee Performance

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Hydrate Low Calorie Electrolyte Drink Natural Lemon-Lime Flavored by Shaklee Performance — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Hydrate Low Calorie Electrolyte Drink Natural Lemon-Lime Flavored by Shaklee Performance

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Aug 6, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 3 of its 3 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

Shaklee Performance Hydrate is an electrolyte drink powder with 3 active ingredients: sodium, potassium, and chloride. Sodium and potassium are essential minerals that help your body maintain fluid balance, nerve function, and muscle contractions — which is why they're included in electrolyte drinks for hydration during or after exercise.

The product also contains inactive ingredients like coconut water powder, cane sugar, citric acid, natural flavors, and monk fruit extract for taste and texture.

Does it work?

Couldn't assess
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Not assessable

We hold no graded evidence for this product's ingredients for its stated purpose.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Replenish electrolytes lost during physical activity.
  • We looked for evidence on: Dehydration, Exercise recovery, Electrolyte balance.
  • Our graded evidence for these ingredients doesn't cover that particular purpose.

The data we hold on sodium shows it's likely effective for cystic fibrosis and possibly effective for amphotericin B nephrotoxicity. For the other conditions listed — bipolar disorder and congestive heart failure — the evidence isn't strong enough to rate.

We don't have effectiveness ratings for potassium or chloride in our data, so we can't say how well this product works as a general electrolyte replacement.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Sodium Potassium

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 2 of the 2 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 2 of 2.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 2 of 2.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Sodium is well tolerated in normal dietary amounts, but too much is linked to high blood pressure and heart strain. The facts advise caution with sodium supplements or very high intake without medical advice.

Potassium from food is fine, but supplements can cause dangerously high blood levels in some people, especially those with kidney disease. Most common side effects from potassium are stomach upset (abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea), though rare serious effects include heart rhythm problems and dangerously low blood pressure.

For pregnancy and lactation, sodium is rated likely safe, though one safety note rates it possibly unsafe — talk with your doctor or pharmacist about whether this product is right for you during pregnancy or while breastfeeding. Potassium is rated likely safe in pregnancy and lactation.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Sodium Potassium

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 2 of the 2 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Potassium, Sodium.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: lithium.
  • For scale: 220 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

If you take blood pressure medications (antihypertensives), heart or kidney medications, lithium, corticosteroids, potassium-sparing diuretics, ACE inhibitors, or ARBs, check your exact medications with the tool on this page before you start. High sodium can reduce blood pressure medication effectiveness, and high potassium can dangerously raise potassium levels with certain heart and kidney drugs.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with no assessable stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

Shaklee Performance Hydrate is designed as an electrolyte replacement for hydration, but it's not a supplement to take casually if you take blood pressure medications, heart medications, or kidney medications. If you're on a diuretic, ACE inhibitor, ARB, corticosteroid, or lithium, or if you have kidney disease, check with your doctor or pharmacist before using this product — the sodium and potassium content could interact with your prescriptions.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 2 of 3 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Dec 14, 2023.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Hydrate Low Calorie Electrolyte Drink Natural Lemon-Lime Flavored, straight from the product label.

Brand Shaklee Performance
Net contents 20 Stick(s); 2.3 Ounce(s); 66 Gram(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Dec 14, 2023
DSLD ID 301161
Product type Botanical With Nutrients
Supplement form Powder
Dietary claims / uses Nutrient, All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Kosher, Gluten Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Hydrate Low Calorie Electrolyte Drink Natural Lemon-Lime Flavored by Shaklee Performance, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
3.3 Gram(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
6.6 Gram(s)
Servings per container
10
IngredientAmount% DV
Calories20 Calorie(s), 10 Calorie(s)--
Total Carbohydrates4 Gram(s), 2 Gram(s)1%, 1%
Sodium300 mg, 150 mg13%, 7%
Potassium185 mg, 90 mg4%, 2%
Added Sugars3 Gram(s), 1 Gram(s)6%, 2%
Total Sugars4 Gram(s), 2 Gram(s)--
Total Fat0 Gram(s), 0 Gram(s)--
Protein0 Gram(s), 0 Gram(s)--
Chloride340 mg, 170 mg15%, 8%

Other ingredients: Coconut Water, Powder, Sodium Citrate, Potassium Chloride, Cane Sugar, Citric Acid, Natural Flavors, Monk Fruit extract

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formulation

Hydrate

Not a significant source of fat, saturated fat, trans fat, cholesterol, dietary fiber, protein, vitamin D, calcium, and iron.

Non-GMO GF

The Shaklee Pure Performance Guarantee Guaranteed to be safe and free from banned substances No artificial flavors, sweeteners, or preservatives Non-GMO Gluten free

BSCG Banned Substances Control Group The Gold Standard www.BSCG.org Certified Drug Free

Hydrates better than water

Drink Mix

Provides the essential electrolytes your body needs without the extra sugar, calories, and artificial ingredients typically found in leading rehydration beverages.

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Directions: Mix 1 to 2 stick packs with 8 oz. or more of water.

Precautions

Contains coconut. Manufactured in a facility that may also process tree nuts, milk, egg, soy, wheat, shellfish, and fish.

General Statements

Product questions: 925.734.3638

For best results also try: Energize Zero Calorie Energy Drink Boost Performance & Focus #21307 Build Advanced Physique 100% Grass-Fed Whey Protein #21313 / #21314 Recover PM Recovery Complex Recover Quicker #21312

Energize Build Recover

Net Wt. 2.3 OZ. (66 g) 0.12 OZ. (3.3 g) each

Formula

Star-K (Kosher)

Why Low Calorie Electrolyte Drink? Replenishes electrolytes lost during physical activity Contains more electrolytes than the leading brand Clinically tested to hydrate better than water Includes natural electrolytes from coconut water powder Only 1 g of added organic sugar to increase electrolyte absorption Using 2 stick packs

Star-K Kosher

Low Calorie Electrolyte Drink Clinically tested to hydrate better than water using an electrolyte blend that includes natural electrolytes from coconut water. Provides the essential electrolytes your body needs without the extra sugar, calories, and artificial ingredients typically found in leading rehydration beverages.

Seals/Symbols

Star-K (Kosher)

BSCG Banned Substances Control Group The Gold Standard www.BSCG.org Certified Drug Free

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Hydrate Low Calorie Electrolyte Drink Natural Lemon-Lime Flavored by Shaklee Performance label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Hydrate Low Calorie Electrolyte Drink Natural Lemon-Lime Flavored label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Hydrate Low Calorie Electrolyte Drink Natural Lemon-Lime Flavored by Shaklee Performance

These are the 4 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size3.3 Gram(s) Dosage formPowder Servings per container10 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Sodium

Interacts with
205 drugs
300 mg per serving

Sodium is an essential mineral and electrolyte your body needs to balance fluids, support nerves, and help muscles work. Most people in modern diets g...

Sodium monograph & interactions

Potassium

Interacts with
62 drugs
185 mg per serving

Potassium is an essential mineral your body needs for nerve signals, muscle function, and a steady heartbeat, and most people get enough from a balanc...

Potassium monograph & interactions

Protein

0 Gram(s) per serving

Chloride

340 mg per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Coconut Water, Powder, Sodium Citrate, Potassium Chloride, Cane Sugar, Citric Acid, Natural Flavors, Monk Fruit extract. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Hydrate Low Calorie Electrolyte Drink Natural Lemon-Lime Flavored by Shaklee Performance Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Hydrate Low Calorie Electrolyte Drink Natural Lemon-Lime Flavored?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
220Drugs
220 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Sodium 205
Potassium 62

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Hydrate Low Calorie Electrolyte Drink Natural Lemon-Lime Flavored interact with 220 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

2 of the 4 ingredients in Hydrate Low Calorie Electrolyte Drink Natural Lemon-Lime Flavored interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Sodium Potassium

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Hydrate Low Calorie Electrolyte Drink Natural Lemon-Lime Flavored with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Sodium7 drug types · 205 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, a high intake of dietary sodium might reduce the effectiveness of antihypertensive drugs.
High intake of dietary sodium can increase systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Also, high intake of sodium may necessitate increased use of antihypertensive medications to achieve blood pressure control in some patients, such as those with chronic kidney disease.

Likelihood Probable Evidence A
Corticosteroids

Concomitant use of mineralocorticoids and some glucocorticoids with sodium supplements might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Mineralocorticoids and some glucocorticoids (corticosteroids) cause sodium retention. This effect is dose-related and depends on mineralocorticoid potency. It is most common with hydrocortisone, cortisone, and fludrocortisone, followed by prednisone and prednisolone.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Didanosine (Videx)

Concomitant use of didanosine with additional sodium from dietary or supplemental sources may increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Didanosine formulations contain a significant amount of sodium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Lithium

Altering dietary intake of sodium might alter the levels and clinical effects of lithium.
High sodium intake can reduce plasma concentrations of lithium by increasing lithium excretion. Reducing sodium intake can significantly increase plasma concentrations of lithium and cause lithium toxicity in patients being treated with lithium carbonate. Stabilizing sodium intake is shown to reduce the percentage of patients with lithium level fluctuations above 0.8 mEq/L. Patients taking lithium should avoid significant alterations in their dietary intake of sodium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Sodium Phosphates

Theoretically, concomitant use of sodium phosphate with sodium supplements might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Use of high doses (> 45 mL in 24 hours) of sodium phosphate, such as those used for bowel cleansing before surgery, can lead to serious electrolyte disturbances, including hypernatremia. The risk of hypernatremia is highest in the elderly and people with other risk factors for electrolyte disturbances.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Sodium-Containing Drugs

Concomitant use of sodium-containing drugs with additional sodium from dietary or supplemental sources may increase the risk of hypernatremia and long-term sodium-related complications.
The Chronic Disease Risk Reduction (CDRR) intake level of 2.3 grams of sodium daily indicates the intake at which it is believed that chronic disease risk increases for the apparently healthy population. Some medications contain high quantities of sodium. When used in conjunction with sodium supplements or high-sodium diets, the CDRR may be exceeded. Additionally, concomitant use may increase the risk for hypernatremia; this risk is highest in the elderly and people with other risk factors for electrolyte disturbances.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Tolvaptan (Samsca)

Theoretically, concomitant use of tolvaptan with sodium might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Tolvaptan is a vasopressin receptor 2 antagonist that is used to increase sodium levels in patients with hyponatremia. Patients taking tolvaptan should use caution with the use of sodium salts such as sodium chloride.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Sodium full monograph & interactions

Potassium3 drug types · 62 drugs

Ace Inhibitors (Aceis)

Using ACEIs with high doses of potassium increases the risk of hyperkalemia.
ACEIs block the actions of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and reduce potassium excretion. Concomitant use of these drugs with potassium supplements increases the risk of hyperkalemia. However, concomitant use of these drugs with moderate dietary potassium intake (about 3775-5200 mg daily) does not increase serum potassium levels.

Likelihood Likely Evidence C
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (Arbs)

Using ARBs with high doses of potassium increases the risk of hyperkalemia.
ARBs block the actions of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and reduce potassium excretion. Concomitant use of these drugs with potassium supplements increases the risk of hyperkalemia. However, concomitant use of these drugs with moderate dietary potassium intake (about 3775-5200 mg daily) does not increase serum potassium levels.

Likelihood Likely Evidence C
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

Concomitant use increases the risk of hyperkalemia.
Using potassium-sparing diuretics with potassium supplements increases the risk of hyperkalemia.

Likelihood Likely Evidence C
Potassium full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Hydrate Low Calorie Electrolyte Drink Natural Lemon-Lime Flavored, from the product label.

Shaklee Performance

See all Shaklee Performance products
Name
Shaklee Corporation
Street Address
4747 Willow Road
City
Pleasanton
State
CA
ZipCode
94588
Phone Number
925.734.3638
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Hydrate Low Calorie Electrolyte Drink Natural Lemon-Lime Flavored by Shaklee Performance: Common Questions

Does Hydrate Low Calorie Electrolyte Drink Natural Lemon-Lime Flavored by Shaklee Performance interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Hydrate Low Calorie Electrolyte Drink Natural Lemon-Lime Flavored has a known interaction with 220 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Hydrate Low Calorie Electrolyte Drink Natural Lemon-Lime Flavored contains 4 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is this safe to use if I have high blood pressure?
Not without talking to your doctor first. High sodium intake can raise blood pressure and may reduce how well blood pressure medications work, so your doctor needs to know you're using an electrolyte drink with sodium.
What are the main electrolytes in this drink?
Sodium, potassium, and chloride. These three minerals help your body stay hydrated and support nerve and muscle function.
Can I use this if I take a water pill (diuretic)?
Not without checking with your doctor or pharmacist first. Potassium in this drink can combine with certain diuretics to cause dangerously high potassium levels.
Is it safe to use while pregnant?
The sodium in this product is rated likely safe in pregnancy, though one note flags it as possibly unsafe — the data is mixed. Potassium is rated likely safe. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist about whether this product is right for you during pregnancy.
What side effects can potassium cause?
In normal amounts, potassium from food is well tolerated. This drink may cause mild stomach upset like nausea, diarrhea, or abdominal pain, but serious side effects — heart rhythm problems or dangerously low blood pressure — are rare and usually happen only with very high levels.
Does this have any fillers or extra ingredients I should know about?
The product contains inactive ingredients like coconut water powder, cane sugar, citric acid, natural flavors, and monk fruit extract for taste and texture, along with sodium citrate and potassium chloride (which also contribute to the electrolyte content).

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Hydrate Low Calorie Electrolyte Drink Natural Lemon-Lime Flavored label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Hydrate Low Calorie Electrolyte Drink Natural Lemon-Lime Flavored’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Sodium

Interacts with 205 drugs

Sodium is an essential mineral and electrolyte your body needs to balance fluids, support nerves, and help muscles work. Most people in modern diets get more than enough—often too much—from...

Read the full Sodium monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Potassium

Interacts with 62 drugs

Potassium is an essential mineral your body needs for nerve signals, muscle function, and a steady heartbeat, and most people get enough from a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables. P...

Read the full Potassium monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Hydrate Low Calorie Electrolyte Drink Natural Lemon-Lime Flavored's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 50 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Sodium 38 references
  1. Garabedian-Ruffalo SM, Ruffalo RL. Drug and nutrient interactions. Am Fam Physician 1986;33:165-74.
  2. Food and Drug Administration Science Background: Safety of Sodium Phosphates Oral Solution. September 17, 2001. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/safety/sodiumphospate.htm
  3. Coton T, Mallaret C, Coilliot C, Carre D, Guisset M. Severe acute ulcerated gastritis induced by salt. Presse Med 2009;38(3):499-500. PubMed
  4. Frings-Meuthen P, Buehlmeier J, Baecker N, et al. High sodium chloride intake exacerbates immobilization-induced bone resorption and protein losses. J Appl Physiol 2011;111(2):537-542. PubMed
  5. Frings-Meuthen P, Baecker N, Heer M. Low-grade metabolic acidosis may be the cause of sodium chloride-induced exaggerated bone resorption. J Bone Miner Res 2008;23(4):517-524. PubMed
  6. Alam S, Johnson AG. A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCT) among healthy normotensive and essential hypertensive elderly patients to determine the effect of high salt (NaCl) diet of blood pressure. J Hum Hypertens 1999;13(6):367-74.
  7. Boudville N, Ward S, Benaroia M, House AA. Increased sodium intake correlates with greater use of antihypertensive agents by subjects with chronic kidney disease. Am J Hypertens 2005;18(10):1300-5. PubMed
  8. Bennett WM. Drug interactions and consequences of sodium restriction. Am J Clin Nutr 1997;65(2 Suppl):678S-681S. PubMed
  9. Okusa MD, Crystal LJ. Clinical manifestations and management of acute lithium intoxication. Am J Med 1994;97(4):383-9. PubMed
  10. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary reference intakes for water, potassium, sodium, chloride, and sulfate. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2005. Available at: http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10925. DOI
  11. D'Elia L, Rossi G, Ippolito R, Cappuccio FP, Strazzullo P. Habitual salt intake and risk of gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Clin Nutr 2012;31(4):489-98. PubMed
  12. Goldsmith SR. Hyponatremia in heart failure: time for a trial. J Card Fail 2013;19(6):398-400. PubMed
  13. Willocks L, Brettle R, Keen J, Valentine C, Pinching AJ. Formulations of didanosine (ddI) and salt overload. Lancet 1992;339(8786):190.
  14. Chen L, Zhang Z, Chen W, Whelton PK, Appel LJ. Lower Sodium Intake and Risk of Headaches: Results From the Trial of Nonpharmacologic Interventions in the Elderly. Am J Public Health. 2016;106(7):1270-5. PubMed
  15. Cook NR, Appel LJ, Whelton PK. Lower levels of sodium intake and reduced cardiovascular risk. Circulation. 2014;129(9):981-9. PubMed
  16. Cook NR, Appel LJ, Whelton PK. Sodium Intake and All-Cause Mortality Over 20 Years in the Trials of Hypertension Prevention. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;68(15):1609-1617. PubMed
  17. Mente A, O'Donnell M, Rangarajan S, et al. Associations of urinary sodium excretion with cardiovascular events in individuals with and without hypertension: a pooled analysis of data from four studies. Lancet. 2016;388(10043):465-75. PubMed
  18. Moosavian SP, Haghighatdoost F, Surkan PJ, Azadbakht L. Salt and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2017;68(3):265-277. PubMed
  19. O'Donnell M, Mente A, Rangarajan S, et al. Urinary sodium and potassium excretion, mortality, and cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(7):612-23. DOI
  20. Poggio R, Gutierrez L, Matta MG, Elorriaga N, Irazola V, Rubinstein A. Daily sodium consumption and CVD mortality in the general population: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Public Health Nutr. 2015;18(4):695-704. PubMed
  21. Stallings VA, Harrison M, Oria M; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium, Food and Nutrition Board, Health and Medicine Division, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington (DC): National Acad
  22. Mahtani KR, Heneghan C, Onakpoya I, et al. Reduced Salt Intake for Heart Failure: A Systematic Review. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Dec 1;178(12):1693-1700. PubMed
  23. Yancy CW. Sodium Restriction in Heart Failure: Too Much Uncertainty-Do the Trials. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Dec 1;178(12):1700-1701. PubMed
  24. He FJ, Campbell NRC, Ma Y, MacGregor GA, Cogswell ME, Cook NR. Errors in estimating usual sodium intake by the Kawasaki formula alter its relationship with mortality: implications for public health. Int J Epidemiol. 2018;47(6):1784-1795. PubMed
  25. Murthy K, Ondrey GJ, Malkani N, et al. THE EFFECTS OF HYPONATREMIA ON BONE DENSITY AND FRACTURES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS. Endocr Pract. 2019;25(4):366-378. PubMed
  26. Messerli FH, Hofstetter L, Syrogiannouli L, et al. Sodium intake, life expectancy, and all-cause mortality. Eur Heart J 2021;42(21):2103-2112. PubMed
  27. Graudal NA, Hubeck-Graudal T, Jurgens G. Effects of low sodium diet versus high sodium diet on blood pressure, renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, cholesterol, and triglyceride. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020;12(12):CD004022. PubMed
  28. Giatti S, Santos RB, Aielo AN, et al. Association of sodium with obstructive sleep apnea. The ELSA-Brasil study. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2021;18(3):502-510. PubMed
  29. Nan X, Lu H, Wu J, et al. The interactive association between sodium intake, alcohol consumption and hypertension among elderly in northern China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2021;21(1):135. PubMed
  30. Kyozuka H, Fukusda T, Murata T, et al. Impact of preconception sodium intake on hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: The Japan Environment and Children's study. Pregnancy Hypertens 2021;23:66-72. PubMed
  31. Zhao L, Ogden CL, Yang Q, et al. Association of usual sodium intake with obesity among US children and adolescents, NHANES 2009-2016. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021;29(3):587-594. PubMed
  32. Ma Y, He FJ, Sun Q, et al. 24-Hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion and cardiovascular risk. N Engl J Med 2022;386(3):252-263. PubMed
  33. Liu J, Yang X, Zhang P, et al. Association of urinary sodium excretion and left ventricular hypertrophy in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021;12:728493. PubMed
  34. Filippini T, Malavolti M, Whelton PK, Vinceti M. Sodium intake and risk of hypertension: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational cohort studies. Curr Hypertens Rep 2022;24(5):133-144. PubMed
  35. Wang DD, Li Y, Nguyen XT, et al. Dietary sodium and potassium intake and risk of non-fatal cardiovascular diseases: The million veteran program. Nutrients 2022;14(5):1121. PubMed
  36. Kwak JH, Park CH, Eun CS, et al. The associations of dietary intake of high sodium and low zinc with gastric cancer mortality: A prospective cohort study in Korea. Nutr Cancer 2022;74(10):3501-3508. PubMed
  37. George S, Maiti R, Mishra BR, Jena M, Mohapatra D. Effect of regulated add-on sodium chloride intake on stabilization of serum lithium concentration in bipolar disorder: A randomized controlled trial. Bipolar Disord 2023;25(1):66-75. PubMed
  38. Zhou TL, Schütten MTJ, Kroon AA, et al. Urinary Sodium Excretion and Salt Intake Are Not Associated With Blood Pressure Variability in a White General Population. J Am Heart Assoc 2023;12(1):e026578. PubMed

See these in context on the Sodium monograph →

Potassium 12 references
  1. McEvoy GK, ed. AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1998.
  2. Gennaro A. Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy. 19th ed. Lippincott: Williams & Wilkins, 1996.
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See these in context on the Potassium monograph →

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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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