Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 2 of 5 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Nitroxy3 Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Iovate Health Sciences U.S.A.

Nitroxy3 label
See full label image
Other (e.g. Tea Bag) Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Nitroxy3 against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Nitroxy3 is a dietary supplement by Iovate Health Sciences U.S.A. with 5 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for high blood pressure, erectile dysfunction, athletic performance.Based on those ingredients, 403 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are L-Arginine Hydrochloride. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Nitroxy3 by Iovate Health Sciences U.S.A.

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Nitroxy3 by Iovate Health Sciences U.S.A. — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Nitroxy3 by Iovate Health Sciences U.S.A.

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Aug 27, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 5 active ingredients.
  • “Vasodilase” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label gives one combined amount (1.80 Gram(s)) without saying how much of each component you get.
  • “Stimugrow” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label gives one combined amount (1 Gram(s)) without saying how much of each component you get.

Nitroxy3 contains 5 active ingredients: three amino acids (L-Leucine, L-Valine, and L-Arginine Hydrochloride), Creatine Monohydrate, and L-Arginine Alpha-Ketoglutarate. The product also includes several inactive ingredients—potassium chloride, cellulose, dextrose, stearic acid, silica, magnesium stearate, ethyl cellulose, titanium dioxide, and dicalcium phosphate—which serve as binders, fillers, and stabilizers in the formulation.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: enhance lean muscle growth and endurance.
  • We looked for evidence on: Athletic performance, Muscle strength, Physical performance, Muscle breakdown, Sarcopenia, HIV/AIDS-related wasting — and 4 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Creatine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Athletic performance (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Creatine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Muscle strength, Sarcopenia.
  • Also on file: Creatine is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for HIV/AIDS-related wasting, Muscle breakdown, Physical performance, Postoperative recovery.

Creatine Monohydrate in this product is possibly effective for muscle strength, athletic performance, and sarcopenia (age-related muscle loss), and possibly effective for cerebral creatine deficiency syndromes. It is rated possibly ineffective for Huntington disease and osteopenia.

The effectiveness ratings for the arginine compounds and amino acids in Nitroxy3 are not established in the data we hold.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient L-arginine Creatine

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 2 of the 2 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 2 of 2.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 2 of 2.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Creatine is generally well tolerated in healthy adults, but people with kidney problems should use it carefully—safety during pregnancy has not been established, so it should be avoided in pregnancy, and there isn't enough safety information for nursing mothers, so it should be avoided then too. Common side effects from oral creatine include dehydration, diarrhea, gastrointestinal upset, muscle cramps, and water retention.

Rare serious effects reported in case studies include kidney inflammation and muscle breakdown, though large studies haven't confirmed a link to liver damage. L-Arginine (in both forms in this product) is often well tolerated short-term but can lower blood pressure and may not be safe for everyone; the data advises using it only under medical supervision because safety for self-treatment is not well established.

Pregnancy safety is rated possibly safe, but there isn't enough reliable information about nursing, so talk with your doctor or pharmacist before using it while breastfeeding. Common side effects include abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, diarrhea, headache, insomnia, and flushing.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient L-arginine Creatine

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 1 of the 2 matched ingredients can interact with medications — L-arginine.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; diabetes medications.
  • For scale: 403 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking Nitroxy3, double-check with your doctor or pharmacist if you take blood pressure medications (especially ACE inhibitors or ARBs), potassium-sparing diuretics, blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs (including aspirin), diabetes medications, or sildenafil (Viagra) — all face Moderate-severity interactions with the L-arginine in this product. If you have kidney disease, also confirm with your healthcare provider, since creatine requires careful use in that setting.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

Nitroxy3 might interest you if you're looking to support muscle strength and athletic performance through creatine and amino acids, but it's not for everyone. If you take medications for blood pressure, heart rhythm, blood thinning, diabetes, or kidney function—or if you have kidney issues—you should check your exact medications with your doctor or pharmacist before starting this product.

The same goes if you're pregnant or nursing. Talk it over with your own healthcare provider to make sure it's right for you.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 3 of 5 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Dec 23, 2011.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Nitroxy3, straight from the product label.

Brand Iovate Health Sciences U.S.A.
Barcode (UPC) 631656102024
Net contents 180 Caplet(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Dec 23, 2011
DSLD ID 3246
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Other (e.g. Tea Bag)
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Nitroxy3 by Iovate Health Sciences U.S.A., sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
2 Caplet(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
5 Caplet(s)
Servings per container
60
UPC/BARCODE
631656102024
IngredientAmount% DV
L-Leucine0 NP--
Creatine Monohydrate0 NP--
L-Valine0 NP--
L-Arginine Hydrochloride0 NP--
L-Arginine Alpha-Ketoglutarate0 NP--
Vasodilase1.8 Gram(s)--
Stimugrow1 Gram(s)--

Other ingredients: Potassium Chloride, Cellulose, Dextrose, Stearic Acid, Silica, Magnesium Stearate, Ethyl Cellulose, Titanium Dioxide, Dicalcium Phosphate

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Brand IP Statement(s)

Take your performance to the next level with Nitroxy3!

To further enhance and extend the benefits of Nitroxy3, the research team behind this innovative product has included the proprietary time-release technology AKG-Extend. This time-release technology helps to prolong the effects of Nitroxy3 for several hours.

Scientifically formulated

2004 Nitroxy US Trademark Ltd. Covered by U.S. Patents #6,100,287 and #5,968,544. Other U.S. Patent Pending.

Formula

With the power of two scientifically designed proprietary blends - Vasodilase and Stimugrow - specifically designed to enhance lean muscle growth and muscular pumps, and support endurance and stamina, patented and patent-pending Nitroxy3 is an advanced, performance-enhancing nitric oxide (NO) product that sits in a category of its own.

Nitric oxide stimulator with A-AKG

General Statements

Nitroxy3 contains ingredients that have been shown to promote increased blood flow and circulation.

New! Performance enchancer

Enhances lean muscle growth, strength, and recovery Prolongs muscle pumps Supports endurance and stamina Promotes increased blood flow and circulation

Made in the U.S.A. from international and domestic ingredients.

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Directions For Men And Women: Please refer to the dosing chart below. Based upon your gender and bodyweight, take 1 serving (2 to 5 caplets) with an 8 oz. glass of water, 2 times daily. On days of your workout, take 1 serving 30 to 60 minutes before your workout. Do not exceed 10 caplets in a 24-hour period.

Consume ten 8 oz. glasses of water daily for general good health. Read the entire label before use and follow directions.

Minimum daily serving (caplets) Maximum daily serving (caplets) Gender/lbs. First serving Second serving First serving Second serving Women < 125 2 2 3 3 Women > 125 3 3 4 4 Men < 200 3 3 4 4 Men > 200 4 4 5 5

Use only as directed.

Precautions

Do not exceed 10 caplets in a 24-hour period.

Warning: Not intended for use by persons under 18.

Do not use if you are pregnant or nursing. Consult your health care provider before use if you have been treated for or diagnosed with, or have a family history of any medical condition including, but not limited to: cardiovascular, central nervous system, or genito-urinary problems, cold sores, or if you are using any prescription or over-the-counter medication(s).

Consult your health care provider before starting any diet or exercise program. Exceeding the recommended serving and/or improper use of this product will not improve results and is not advised. Use only as directed.

Do not use if imprinted seal under cap is broken.

Keep out of reach of children.

Storage

Do not refrigerate.

Store in a cool, dry place (60(0)F to 80(0)F).

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

General

3308US

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Nitroxy3 by Iovate Health Sciences U.S.A. label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Nitroxy3 label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Nitroxy3 by Iovate Health Sciences U.S.A.

These are the 5 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size2 Caplet(s) Dosage formOther (e.g. Tea Bag) Servings per container60 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Vasodilase

1.8 Gram(s) per serving

Stimugrow

1 Gram(s) per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Potassium Chloride, Cellulose, Dextrose, Stearic Acid, Silica, Magnesium Stearate, Ethyl Cellulose, Titanium Dioxide, Dicalcium Phosphate. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Nitroxy3 by Iovate Health Sciences U.S.A. Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Nitroxy3?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
403Drugs
395 Moderate 8 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

L-Arginine Hydrochloride 403

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Nitroxy3 interact with 403 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

1 of the 5 ingredients in Nitroxy3 interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. L-Arginine Hydrochloride

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Nitroxy3 with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

L-Arginine Hydrochloride9 drug types · 403 drugs

Ace Inhibitors (Aceis)

Theoretically, concomitant use of L-arginine and ACE inhibitors may increase the risk for hypotension and hyperkalemia.
Combining L-arginine with some antihypertensive drugs, especially ACE inhibitors, seems to have additive vasodilating and blood pressure-lowering effects. Furthermore, ACE inhibitors can increase potassium levels. Use of L-arginine has been associated with hyperkalemia in some patients. Theoretically, concomitant use of ACE inhibitors with L-arginine may increases the risk of hyperkalemia.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (Arbs)

Theoretically, concomitant use of L-arginine and ARBs may increase the risk of hypotension and hyperkalemia.
L-arginine increases nitric oxide, which causes vasodilation. Combining L-arginine with ARBs seems to increase L-arginine-induced vasodilation. Furthermore, ARBs can increase potassium levels. Use of L-arginine has been associated with hyperkalemia in some patients. Theoretically, concomitant use of ARBs with L-arginine may increases the risk of hyperkalemia.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of L-arginine with anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs might have additive effects and increase the risk of bleeding.
Preliminary research suggests that L-arginine infusions reduce platelet aggregation in humans. The clinical significance of this effect is unclear.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of L-arginine might have additive effects with antidiabetes drugs.
Preliminary clinical research shows that L-arginine decreases blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of L-arginine and antihypertensive drugs may increase the risk of hypotension.
L-arginine increases nitric oxide, which causes vasodilation. Clinical evidence shows that L-arginine can reduce blood pressure in some individuals with hypertension. Furthermore, combining L-arginine with some antihypertensive drugs seems to have additive vasodilating and blood pressure-lowering effects.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Isoproterenol (Isuprel)

Theoretically, concurrent use of isoproterenol and L-arginine might result in additive effects and hypotension.
Preliminary clinical evidence suggests that L-arginine enhances isoproterenol-induced vasodilation in patients with essential hypertension or a family history of essential hypertension.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

Theoretically concomitant use of potassium-sparing diuretics with L-arginine may increases the risk of hyperkalemia.
Potassium-sparing diuretics can increase potassium levels. Use of L-arginine has been associated with hyperkalemia in some patients.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Sildenafil (Viagra)

Theoretically, concurrent use of sildenafil and L-arginine might increase the risk for hypotension.
In vivo, concurrent use of L-arginine and sildenafil has resulted in increased vasodilation. Theoretically, concurrent use might have additive vasodilatory and hypotensive effects. However, in studies evaluating the combined use of L-arginine and sildenafil for erectile dysfunction, hypotension was not reported.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Testosterone

Theoretically, concomitant use of L-arginine and testosterone might have additive effects.
In clinical research, L-arginine increases the level of testosterone in male patients with erectile dysfunction. The clinical significance of this finding is unclear.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
L-Arginine Hydrochloride full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Nitroxy3, from the product label.

Iovate Health Sciences U.S.A.

See all Iovate Health Sciences U.S.A. products
Name
Iovate Health Sciences U.S.A. Inc.
Street Address
3880 Jeffrey Blvd
City
Blasdell
State
NY
ZipCode
14219
Phone Number
1-877-468-2835
Web Address
nitroxy3.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Nitroxy3 by Iovate Health Sciences U.S.A.: Common Questions

Does Nitroxy3 by Iovate Health Sciences U.S.A. interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Nitroxy3 has a known interaction with 403 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Nitroxy3 contains 5 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take Nitroxy3 if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
Creatine safety has not been established in pregnancy, so it should be avoided. L-Arginine is rated possibly safe in pregnancy but there isn't enough information about breastfeeding. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist before using Nitroxy3 if you're pregnant or nursing—they can weigh the pros and cons for your situation.
What's creatine supposed to do in this product?
Creatine is possibly effective for building muscle strength, boosting athletic performance, and addressing age-related muscle loss (sarcopenia). The evidence is less clear for Huntington disease and bone health.
Will Nitroxy3 cause water retention or bloating?
Creatine commonly causes water retention. L-Arginine can cause bloating, abdominal pain, and gastrointestinal upset. Both are generally well tolerated, but side effects are possible.
Is it safe if I have kidney disease?
The data advises caution: creatine is generally well tolerated in healthy adults, but people with kidney issues should be careful. Talk with your doctor before using it if you have any kidney problems.
Can I take this with my blood pressure medication?
L-Arginine in Nitroxy3 can theoretically lower blood pressure further when combined with blood pressure drugs, ACE inhibitors, or ARBs, raising the risk of unsafe blood pressure drops. Check with your doctor or pharmacist before combining them.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Nitroxy3 is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Nitroxy3 label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Nitroxy3’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

L-arginine

Interacts with 403 drugs

L-arginine is an amino acid that the body uses to make nitric oxide, a substance that helps blood vessels relax and widen. It is popularly used for blood pressure, erectile dysfunction, and...

Read the full L-arginine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Creatine

Creatine is one of the most studied sports supplements, with solid evidence that it can boost strength and performance during short, high-intensity activities like weightlifting and sprintin...

Read the full Creatine monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Nitroxy3's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 152 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Creatine 86 references
  1. Koshy KM, Griswold E, Schneeberger EE. Interstitial nephritis in a patient taking creatine. N Engl J Med 1999;340:814-5. PubMed
  2. Vahedi K, Domingo V, Amarenco P, Bousser MG. Ischemic stroke in a sportsman who consumed MaHuang extract and creatine monohydrate for bodybuilding. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr 2000;68:112-3.
  3. Greenhaff P. Renal dysfunction accompanying oral creatine supplements. Lancet 1998;352:233-4. PubMed
  4. Vandenberghe K, Goris M, Van Hecke P, et al. Long-term creatine intake is beneficial to muscle performance during resistance training (abstract). J Appl Physiol 1997;83:2055-63. PubMed
  5. Hultman E, Soderlund K, Timmons JA, et al. Muscle creatine loading in men. J Appl Physiol 1996;81:232-7. PubMed
  6. Pritchard NR, Kalra PA. Renal dysfunction accompanying oral creatine supplements. Lancet 1998;351:1252-3. PubMed
  7. Poortmans JR, Auquier H, Renaut V, et al. Effect of short-term creatine supplementation on renal responses in men (abstract). Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1997;76:566-7. PubMed
  8. Poortmans JR, Francaux M. Long-term oral creatine supplementation does not impair renal function in healthy athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999;31:1108-10. PubMed
  9. Mihic S, MacDonald JR, McKenzie S, Tarnopolsky MA. Acute creatine loading increases fat-free mass, but does not affect blood pressure, plasma creatinine, or CK activity in men and women. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000;32:291-6. PubMed
  10. Rawson ES, Wehnert ML, Clarkson PM. Effects of 30 days of creatine ingestion in older men. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1999;80:139-44. PubMed
  11. Earnest CP, Almada AL, Mitchell TL. High-performance capillary electrophoresis-pure creatine monohydrate reduces blood lipids in men and women. Clin Sci (Colch) 1996;91:113-8. PubMed
  12. Juhn MS. Oral creatine supplementation. Separating fact from hype. Phys Sportsmed 1999;27:47-50,53-54,56,61,89. PubMed
  13. Juhn MS, O'Kane JW, Vinci DM. Oral creatine supplementation in male collegiate athletes: a survey of dosing habits and side effects. J Am Diet Assoc 1999;99:593-5.
  14. Green AL, Hultman E, Macdonald IA, et al. Carbohydrate ingestion augments skeletal muscle creatine accumulation during creatine supplementation in humans. Am J Physiol 1996;271:E821-6. PubMed
  15. Balsom PD, Soderlund K, Sjodin B, Ekblom B. Skeletal muscle metabolism during short duration high-intensity exercise: influence of creatine supplementation. Acta Physiol Scand 1995;154:303-10. PubMed
  16. Snow RJ, McKenna MJ, Selig SE, et al. Effect of creatine supplementation on sprint exercise performance and muscle metabolism. (abstract) J Appl Physiol 1998;84:1667-73. PubMed
  17. McNaughton LR, Dalton B, Tarr J. The effects of creatine supplementation on high-intensity exercise performance in elite performers. (abstract) Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1998;78:236-40. PubMed
  18. Groeneveld GJ, Veldink JH, van der Tweel I, et al. A randomized sequential trial of creatine in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2003;53:437-45. . PubMed
  19. Robinson SJ. Acute quadriceps compartment syndrome and rhabdomyolysis in a weight lifter using high-dose creatine supplementation. J Am Board Fam Pract 2000;13:134-7. PubMed
  20. Kammer RT. Lone atrial fibrillation associated with creatine monohydrate supplementation. Pharmacotherapy 2005;25:762-4. PubMed
  21. Gualano B, Ugrinowitsch C, Novaes RB, et al. Effects of creatine supplementation on renal function: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Eur J Appl Physiol 2008;103:33-40. PubMed
  22. Pfeffer, G., Majamaa, K., Turnbull, D. M., Thorburn, D., and Chinnery, P. F. Treatment for mitochondrial disorders. Cochrane Database.Syst.Rev. 2012;4:CD004426. PubMed
  23. Boos, C. J., White, S. H., Bland, S. A., and McAllister, P. D. Dietary supplements and military operations: caution is advised. J R.Army Med Corps 2010;156(1):41-43. PubMed
  24. Kreider, R. B. Dietary supplements and the promotion of muscle growth with resistance exercise. Sports Med 1999;27(2):97-110. PubMed
  25. Juhn, M. S., O'Kane, J. W., and Vinci, D. M. Oral creatine supplementation in male collegiate athletes: a survey of dosing habits and side effects. J Am.Diet.Assoc 1999;99(5):593-595.
  26. Volek, J. S., Duncan, N. D., Mazzetti, S. A., Putukian, M., Gomez, A. L., and Kraemer, W. J. No effect of heavy resistance training and creatine supplementation on blood lipids. Int J Sport Nutr.Exerc.Metab 2000;10(2):144-156. PubMed
  27. Robinson, T. M., Sewell, D. A., Casey, A., Steenge, G., and Greenhaff, P. L. Dietary creatine supplementation does not affect some haematological indices, or indices of muscle damage and hepatic and renal function. Br.J Sports Med 2000;34(4):284-288. PubMed
  28. Tarnopolsky, M. A. Potential benefits of creatine monohydrate supplementation in the elderly. Curr.Opin.Clin Nutr.Metab Care 2000;3(6):497-502. PubMed
  29. Tarnopolsky, M. A. and MacLennan, D. P. Creatine monohydrate supplementation enhances high-intensity exercise performance in males and females. Int J Sport Nutr.Exerc.Metab 2000;10(4):452-463. PubMed
  30. Arciero, P. J., Hannibal, N. S., III, Nindl, B. C., Gentile, C. L., Hamed, J., and Vukovich, M. D. Comparison of creatine ingestion and resistance training on energy expenditure and limb blood flow. Metabolism 2001;50(12):1429-1434. PubMed
  31. Chrusch, M. J., Chilibeck, P. D., Chad, K. E., Davison, K. S., and Burke, D. G. Creatine supplementation combined with resistance training in older men. Med Sci.Sports Exerc. 2001;33(12):2111-2117. PubMed
  32. Cox, G., Mujika, I., Tumilty, D., and Burke, L. Acute creatine supplementation and performance during a field test simulating match play in elite female soccer players. Int J Sport Nutr.Exerc.Metab 2002;12(1):33-46. PubMed
  33. Kilduff, L. P., Vidakovic, P., Cooney, G., Twycross-Lewis, R., Amuna, P., Parker, M., Paul, L., and Pitsiladis, Y. P. Effects of creatine on isometric bench-press performance in resistance-trained humans. Med Sci.Sports Exerc. 2002;34(7):1176-1183. PubMed
  34. Brose, A., Parise, G., and Tarnopolsky, M. A. Creatine supplementation enhances isometric strength and body composition improvements following strength exercise training in older adults. J Gerontol A Biol.Sci.Med Sci. 2003;58(1):11-19. PubMed
  35. Volek, J. S., Ratamess, N. A., Rubin, M. R., Gomez, A. L., French, D. N., McGuigan, M. M., Scheett, T. P., Sharman, M. J., Hakkinen, K., and Kraemer, W. J. The effects of creatine supplementation on muscular performance and body composition responses to
  36. Tyler, T. F., Nicholas, S. J., Hershman, E. B., Glace, B. W., Mullaney, M. J., and McHugh, M. P. The effect of creatine supplementation on strength recovery after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-b DOI
  37. Groeneveld, G. J., Beijer, C., Veldink, J. H., Kalmijn, S., Wokke, J. H., and van den Berg, L. H. Few adverse effects of long-term creatine supplementation in a placebo-controlled trial. Int J Sports Med 2005;26(4):307-313. PubMed
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