Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 2 of 6 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

PostAbolic Exotic Orange Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Chaotic-Labz

PostAbolic Exotic Orange label
See full label image
Powder Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking PostAbolic Exotic Orange against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

PostAbolic Exotic Orange is a dietary supplement by Chaotic-Labz with 6 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for replacing fluids and electrolytes, preventing dehydration during exercise or illness, treating low blood sodium (under medical care).Based on those ingredients, 308 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Sodium, L-Glutamine. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against PostAbolic Exotic Orange by Chaotic-Labz

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with PostAbolic Exotic Orange by Chaotic-Labz — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of PostAbolic Exotic Orange by Chaotic-Labz

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 1 of its 13 active ingredients.
  • “Branched-Chain Amino Acids” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label doesn't break down how much of each component you get.
  • “Postabolic Anabolic Window Formula” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (25.80 Gram(s)) without saying how much of each component you get.
  • “Anabolic Insulin Spike & Nutrient Transport Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label doesn't break down how much of each component you get.

PostAbolic Exotic Orange contains 13 ingredients. The active components include L-glutamine, creatine (supplied as both Creatine HCl and Creatine Monohydrate), L-taurine, beta-alanine (branded as CarnoSyn), L-carnitine L-tartrate, betaine hydrochloride, and branched-chain amino acids (L-leucine, L-isoleucine, and L-valine) formulated into four blends: an Anabolic Window Formula, an Anabolic Insulin Spike & Nutrient Transport Blend, an Anabolic Muscle-Trauma Recovery Blend, and an Anabolic Muscle-Growth Blend.

The product also contains sodium (as both elemental sodium and sodium chloride). Inactive ingredients include natural and artificial flavors, sucralose, citric acid, malic acid, and food colorants.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Athletic performance and muscle strength.
  • We looked for evidence on: Athletic performance, Exercise-induced muscle damage, Exercise-induced muscle soreness, Muscle recovery, Endurance, Strength training.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Creatine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Athletic performance (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Beta-alanine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Athletic performance.
  • Also on file: Glutamine is rated "Possibly Ineffective" for Athletic performance.

Evidence for this product's ingredients is mixed. L-glutamine is rated effective for sickle cell disease, and possibly effective for HIV/AIDS-related wasting, postoperative recovery, and critical illness.

Creatine (both forms) is possibly effective for sarcopenia, cerebral creatine deficiency syndromes, muscle strength, and athletic performance, though it's rated possibly ineffective for Huntington disease and osteopenia. L-taurine is possibly effective for hepatitis and congestive heart failure but possibly ineffective for obesity.

L-carnitine L-tartrate is effective for L-carnitine deficiency and possibly effective for high cholesterol, congestive heart failure, and angina. Beta-alanine (CarnoSyn) is possibly effective for athletic and physical performance.

L-carnitine deficiency appears to be the strongest established use across the product's active ingredients, but most other claimed benefits fall into the "possibly effective" or insufficient-evidence categories.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Sodium Glutamine

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 7 of the 7 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 7 of 7.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 7 of 7.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Most ingredients are generally well tolerated in healthy adults. L-glutamine commonly causes gastrointestinal side effects—belching, bloating, constipation, diarrhea, flatulence, and nausea.

At high doses (10–30 grams daily), these effects are more pronounced. Creatine's most common side effects are dehydration, diarrhea, gastrointestinal upset, muscle cramps, and water retention; serious effects like kidney injury and muscle breakdown are rare but reported.

L-taurine is generally well tolerated short-term but long-term safety is less certain; constipation, diarrhea, and indigestion are common. Beta-alanine commonly causes harmless tingling and flushing, especially on the scalp.

L-carnitine can cause abdominal cramps, nausea, heartburn, diarrhea, and a fish-like body odor; seizures are rare. Betaine HCl may irritate the stomach and is unsafe for people with ulcers or gastritis.

Sodium, while essential in small amounts, carries risks at high intake: worsened cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, and kidney disease are rare serious effects, but chronic high intake is linked to gastric cancer risk. People with kidney or liver disease should use L-glutamine only under medical supervision.

Those with kidney issues should be cautious with creatine.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Sodium Glutamine

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 5 of the 7 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Betaine Hydrochloride, Glutamine, Taurine, L-carnitine, Sodium.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; seizure medications; lithium.
  • For scale: 308 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking PostAbolic Exotic Orange, double-check with your pharmacist if you take blood pressure medications (antihypertensives)—sodium in this product can reduce their effectiveness. Lithium users should be especially careful: sodium and taurine can alter lithium levels dangerously.

Anticonvulsants may be affected by L-glutamine. Blood thinners like warfarin and acenocoumarol may have increased effects from L-carnitine L-tartrate.

Thyroid hormone replacement may be less effective. Acid-reducing drugs (H2-blockers, antacids, proton pump inhibitors) may work less well because of betaine HCl.

No interactions are documented for dextrose or the branched-chain amino acids leucine, isoleucine, and valine in our data.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

PostAbolic Exotic Orange is a multi-ingredient workout and recovery formula targeting muscle growth and performance. It's most appropriate for healthy athletes looking to support muscle strength, performance, and recovery.

If you take blood pressure medication, lithium, anticonvulsants, blood thinners, thyroid hormone, or acid-reducing medications, check this product against your exact prescriptions first—sodium and several amino acids may affect how these drugs work. Talk to your pharmacist or doctor before starting, especially if you have kidney disease, heart disease, or take any of the medications listed above.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 9 of 13 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Mar 24, 2017.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about PostAbolic Exotic Orange, straight from the product label.

Brand Chaotic-Labz
Barcode (UPC) 28333350651
Net contents 2.5 lbs
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Mar 24, 2017
DSLD ID 72323
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Powder
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for PostAbolic Exotic Orange by Chaotic-Labz, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
28.4 Gram(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
56.8 Gram(s)
Servings per container
40
UPC/BARCODE
28333350651
IngredientAmount% DV
Calories60 Calorie(s)--
Total Carbohydrates15 Gram(s)5%
L-Glutamine0 NP--
Sugar15 Gram(s)--
Sodium12 mg1%
Creatine HCl0 NP--
Dextrose0 NP--
Creatine Monohydrate0 NP--
L-Taurine0 NP--
CarnoSyn0 NP--
Betaine HCl0 NP--
Branched-Chain Amino Acids0 NP--
L-Carnitine L-Tartrate0 NP--
Sodium Chloride0 NP--
L-Leucine, Micro-Instantized0 NP--
L-Isoleucine, Micro-Instantized0 NP--
L-Valine, Micro-Instantized0 NP--
Postabolic Anabolic Window Formula25.8 Gram(s)--
Anabolic Insulin Spike & Nutrient Transport Blend0 NP--
Anabolic Muscle-Trauma Recovery Blend0 NP--
Anabolic Muscle-Growth Blend0 NP--

Other ingredients: Natural & Artificial flavors, Sucralose, Citric Acid, Malic Acid, Sipernat 50, Tricalcium Phosphate, FD&C Yellow #6

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Precautions

This product is not intended for use by any persons under age 18, who are pregnant or lactating, or have serious medical conditions.

This product is not intended for use by any persons under age 18, who are pregnant or lactating, or have serious medical conditions.

Keep out of reach of children.

Contains: Soy ingredients. Manufactured on shared equipment, may contain soy, milk & tree nuts.

Warning: Do not exceed recommended dose listed.

General Statements

Do not take this product with any product containing caffeine or other ingredients that have a known stimulant effect. All persons should consult a physician before using dietary supplements, as individuals may have different supplemental needs. Consumption of this product that is inconsistent with recommended usage may produce adverse side effects. Discontinue use and contact physician immediately if you experience rapid heartbeat, dizziness, blurred vision or other similar symptoms.

Do work or die

Perfect anabolic post workout recovery formula Satisfies the anabolic window nutritional needs Starts immediately repairing damaged muscle cells Activates the mTOR complex Spikes insulin & improves nutrient transport uptake Increases muscle strength & power output Reduces soreness and fights (DOMS) effect Light, smooth, delicious taste and flavor system Muscle recovery Anabolic post workout formula

Storage

Keep container tightly closed in a cool, dry and dark place.

Seals/Symbols

cGMP Good manufacturing practices Inspected facility

Gluten free

Made in the USA

Formulation

Gluten free

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Formula

Branch chain amino acids (BCAAs) Dextrose (simple carbs) Pharmaceutical grade l-glutamine Creatine hydrochloride (HCl) CarnoSyn carnosine synthesizer beta alanine L-carnitine l-tartrate L-taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) Betaine hydrochloride (HCl)

Contains: Soy ingredients.

Brand IP Statement(s)

CarnoSyn trademark and patents owned by Natural Alternatives International, Inc., www.carnosyn.com

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested Use Postabolic post workout formula: Athletes weighing 174 pounds and under, take 1 scoop within 15 minutes post workout. Athletes weighing 175 pounds and over, take 2 scoops within 15 minutes post workout.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

PostAbolic Exotic Orange by Chaotic-Labz label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

PostAbolic Exotic Orange label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in PostAbolic Exotic Orange by Chaotic-Labz

These are the 6 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size28.4 Gram(s) Dosage formPowder Servings per container40 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Sugar

15 Gram(s) per serving

Sodium

Interacts with
205 drugs
12 mg per serving

Sodium is an essential mineral and electrolyte your body needs to balance fluids, support nerves, and help muscles work. Most people in modern diets g...

Sodium monograph & interactions

Postabolic Anabolic Window Formula

25.8 Gram(s) per serving
  • › L-Glutamine
  • › Anabolic Insulin Spike & Nutrient Transport Blend
  • › Anabolic Muscle-Trauma Recovery Blend
  • › Anabolic Muscle-Growth Blend

Other (inactive) ingredients: Natural & Artificial flavors, Sucralose, Citric Acid, Malic Acid, Sipernat 50, Tricalcium Phosphate, FD&C Yellow #6. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

PostAbolic Exotic Orange by Chaotic-Labz Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against PostAbolic Exotic Orange?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
308Drugs
273 Moderate 35 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Sodium 205
L-Glutamine 50

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in PostAbolic Exotic Orange interact with 308 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

2 of the 6 ingredients in PostAbolic Exotic Orange interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Sodium L-Glutamine

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in PostAbolic Exotic Orange with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Sodium7 drug types · 205 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, a high intake of dietary sodium might reduce the effectiveness of antihypertensive drugs.
High intake of dietary sodium can increase systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Also, high intake of sodium may necessitate increased use of antihypertensive medications to achieve blood pressure control in some patients, such as those with chronic kidney disease.

Likelihood Probable Evidence A
Corticosteroids

Concomitant use of mineralocorticoids and some glucocorticoids with sodium supplements might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Mineralocorticoids and some glucocorticoids (corticosteroids) cause sodium retention. This effect is dose-related and depends on mineralocorticoid potency. It is most common with hydrocortisone, cortisone, and fludrocortisone, followed by prednisone and prednisolone.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Didanosine (Videx)

Concomitant use of didanosine with additional sodium from dietary or supplemental sources may increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Didanosine formulations contain a significant amount of sodium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Lithium

Altering dietary intake of sodium might alter the levels and clinical effects of lithium.
High sodium intake can reduce plasma concentrations of lithium by increasing lithium excretion. Reducing sodium intake can significantly increase plasma concentrations of lithium and cause lithium toxicity in patients being treated with lithium carbonate. Stabilizing sodium intake is shown to reduce the percentage of patients with lithium level fluctuations above 0.8 mEq/L. Patients taking lithium should avoid significant alterations in their dietary intake of sodium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Sodium Phosphates

Theoretically, concomitant use of sodium phosphate with sodium supplements might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Use of high doses (> 45 mL in 24 hours) of sodium phosphate, such as those used for bowel cleansing before surgery, can lead to serious electrolyte disturbances, including hypernatremia. The risk of hypernatremia is highest in the elderly and people with other risk factors for electrolyte disturbances.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Sodium-Containing Drugs

Concomitant use of sodium-containing drugs with additional sodium from dietary or supplemental sources may increase the risk of hypernatremia and long-term sodium-related complications.
The Chronic Disease Risk Reduction (CDRR) intake level of 2.3 grams of sodium daily indicates the intake at which it is believed that chronic disease risk increases for the apparently healthy population. Some medications contain high quantities of sodium. When used in conjunction with sodium supplements or high-sodium diets, the CDRR may be exceeded. Additionally, concomitant use may increase the risk for hypernatremia; this risk is highest in the elderly and people with other risk factors for electrolyte disturbances.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Tolvaptan (Samsca)

Theoretically, concomitant use of tolvaptan with sodium might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Tolvaptan is a vasopressin receptor 2 antagonist that is used to increase sodium levels in patients with hyponatremia. Patients taking tolvaptan should use caution with the use of sodium salts such as sodium chloride.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Sodium full monograph & interactions

L-Glutamine1 drug type · 50 drugs

Anticonvulsants

Theoretically, glutamine might antagonize the effects of anticonvulsant medications.
Glutamine is metabolized to the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. Glutamate might have antagonistic effects with anticonvulsant drugs. However, this interaction has not yet been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
L-Glutamine full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for PostAbolic Exotic Orange, from the product label.

Chaotic-Labz

See all Chaotic-Labz products
Name
Bloodline Distribution, LLC.
City
Little Rock
State
AR
ZipCode
72202
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

PostAbolic Exotic Orange by Chaotic-Labz: Common Questions

Does PostAbolic Exotic Orange by Chaotic-Labz interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, PostAbolic Exotic Orange has a known interaction with 308 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
PostAbolic Exotic Orange contains 6 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is it safe to take PostAbolic if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
L-glutamine and L-taurine are rated likely safe in pregnancy and lactation. However, creatine (both HCl and monohydrate) and beta-alanine should be avoided during pregnancy and breastfeeding because safety hasn't been established. L-carnitine L-tartrate has no pregnancy/breastfeeding safety data on file. Betaine HCl should be avoided in pregnancy and breastfeeding. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist about the product as a whole before use.
What's the tingling I feel when I take this?
That's beta-alanine (CarnoSyn). It commonly causes harmless pins-and-needles tingling and flushing, usually starting on the scalp within 20 minutes and lasting about an hour. The tingling is dose-dependent—higher doses cause stronger sensations—and decreases with regular use in many people.
Can this help me build muscle?
Creatine, L-glutamine, and L-carnitine L-tartrate are all possibly effective for muscle strength and recovery. Creatine is the most established for athletic performance and muscle gain. Beta-alanine is possibly effective for athletic performance. The evidence is stronger for some ingredients than others, and results vary by individual.
Will this cause stomach upset?
Gastrointestinal side effects are common and can include bloating, constipation, diarrhea, nausea, and heartburn. L-glutamine at higher doses is more likely to cause these. Betaine HCl may irritate the stomach, especially in people prone to acid reflux or ulcers. Taking it with food may help, but check with your pharmacist if you have a sensitive stomach.
Is there sodium in this product?
Yes. The product contains both sodium and sodium chloride. If you're watching sodium intake due to high blood pressure or heart disease, or if you take blood pressure medication or lithium, mention this product to your pharmacist before use.
What do the different blends do?
The product contains four proprietary blends: an Anabolic Window Formula (designed for post-workout nutrient delivery), an Anabolic Insulin Spike & Nutrient Transport Blend (to increase nutrient uptake), an Anabolic Muscle-Trauma Recovery Blend (to support recovery), and an Anabolic Muscle-Growth Blend (to support muscle development). The exact dose of each ingredient within these blends isn't disclosed on the label.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if PostAbolic Exotic Orange is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

PostAbolic Exotic Orange label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind PostAbolic Exotic Orange’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Sodium

Interacts with 205 drugs

Sodium is an essential mineral and electrolyte your body needs to balance fluids, support nerves, and help muscles work. Most people in modern diets get more than enough—often too much—from...

Read the full Sodium monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Glutamine

Interacts with 50 drugs

Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in the body and is usually made in your muscles. A prescription form is FDA-approved to help reduce sickle cell disease complications, but for most...

Read the full Glutamine monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

PostAbolic Exotic Orange's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 212 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Glutamine 11 references
  1. Miller AL. Therapeutic considerations of L-glutamine: a review of the literature. Altern Med Rev 1999;4:239-48..
  2. Bozzetti F, Biganzoli L, Gavazzi C, et al. Glutamine supplementation in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: a double-blind randomized study. Nutrition 1997;13:748-51.. PubMed
  3. Mebane AH. L-Glutamine and mania. Am J Psychiatry 984;141:1302-3.
  4. Meldrum BS. Glutamate as a neurotransmitter in the brain: review of physiology and pathology. J Nutr 2000;130:1007S-15S.. PubMed
  5. Garlick PJ. Assessment of the safety of glutamine and other amino acids. J Nutr 2001;131:2556S-61S.. PubMed
  6. Chapman AG. Glutamate and epilepsy. J Nutr 2000;130:1043S-5S.. PubMed
  7. Ziegler TR. Glutamine supplementation in cancer patients receiving bone marrow transplantation and high dose chemotherapy. J Nutr 2001;131:2578S-84S.. PubMed
  8. Laviano A, Molfino A, Lacaria MT, Canelli A, De Leo S, Preziosa I, Rossi Fanelli F. Glutamine supplementation favors weight loss in nondieting obese female patients. A pilot study. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2014 Nov;68(11):1264-6. PubMed
  9. Endari (l-glutamine) [package insert]. Torrance, CA: Emmaus Medical,Inc; 2017.
  10. Niihara Y, Miller ST, Kanter J, et al. A Phase 3 Trial of l-Glutamine in Sickle Cell Disease. N Engl J Med 2018;379(3):226-35. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1715971.
  11. Ogden HB, Child RB, Fallowfield JL, et al. Gastrointestinal Tolerance of Low, Medium and High Dose Acute Oral l-Glutamine Supplementation in Healthy Adults: A Pilot Study. Nutrients. 2020;12(10):2953. PubMed

See these in context on the Glutamine monograph →

Sodium 38 references
  1. Garabedian-Ruffalo SM, Ruffalo RL. Drug and nutrient interactions. Am Fam Physician 1986;33:165-74.
  2. Food and Drug Administration Science Background: Safety of Sodium Phosphates Oral Solution. September 17, 2001. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/safety/sodiumphospate.htm
  3. Coton T, Mallaret C, Coilliot C, Carre D, Guisset M. Severe acute ulcerated gastritis induced by salt. Presse Med 2009;38(3):499-500. PubMed
  4. Frings-Meuthen P, Buehlmeier J, Baecker N, et al. High sodium chloride intake exacerbates immobilization-induced bone resorption and protein losses. J Appl Physiol 2011;111(2):537-542. PubMed
  5. Frings-Meuthen P, Baecker N, Heer M. Low-grade metabolic acidosis may be the cause of sodium chloride-induced exaggerated bone resorption. J Bone Miner Res 2008;23(4):517-524. PubMed
  6. Alam S, Johnson AG. A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCT) among healthy normotensive and essential hypertensive elderly patients to determine the effect of high salt (NaCl) diet of blood pressure. J Hum Hypertens 1999;13(6):367-74.
  7. Boudville N, Ward S, Benaroia M, House AA. Increased sodium intake correlates with greater use of antihypertensive agents by subjects with chronic kidney disease. Am J Hypertens 2005;18(10):1300-5. PubMed
  8. Bennett WM. Drug interactions and consequences of sodium restriction. Am J Clin Nutr 1997;65(2 Suppl):678S-681S. PubMed
  9. Okusa MD, Crystal LJ. Clinical manifestations and management of acute lithium intoxication. Am J Med 1994;97(4):383-9. PubMed
  10. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary reference intakes for water, potassium, sodium, chloride, and sulfate. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2005. Available at: http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10925. DOI
  11. D'Elia L, Rossi G, Ippolito R, Cappuccio FP, Strazzullo P. Habitual salt intake and risk of gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Clin Nutr 2012;31(4):489-98. PubMed
  12. Goldsmith SR. Hyponatremia in heart failure: time for a trial. J Card Fail 2013;19(6):398-400. PubMed
  13. Willocks L, Brettle R, Keen J, Valentine C, Pinching AJ. Formulations of didanosine (ddI) and salt overload. Lancet 1992;339(8786):190.
  14. Chen L, Zhang Z, Chen W, Whelton PK, Appel LJ. Lower Sodium Intake and Risk of Headaches: Results From the Trial of Nonpharmacologic Interventions in the Elderly. Am J Public Health. 2016;106(7):1270-5. PubMed
  15. Cook NR, Appel LJ, Whelton PK. Lower levels of sodium intake and reduced cardiovascular risk. Circulation. 2014;129(9):981-9. PubMed
  16. Cook NR, Appel LJ, Whelton PK. Sodium Intake and All-Cause Mortality Over 20 Years in the Trials of Hypertension Prevention. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;68(15):1609-1617. PubMed
  17. Mente A, O'Donnell M, Rangarajan S, et al. Associations of urinary sodium excretion with cardiovascular events in individuals with and without hypertension: a pooled analysis of data from four studies. Lancet. 2016;388(10043):465-75. PubMed
  18. Moosavian SP, Haghighatdoost F, Surkan PJ, Azadbakht L. Salt and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2017;68(3):265-277. PubMed
  19. O'Donnell M, Mente A, Rangarajan S, et al. Urinary sodium and potassium excretion, mortality, and cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(7):612-23. DOI
  20. Poggio R, Gutierrez L, Matta MG, Elorriaga N, Irazola V, Rubinstein A. Daily sodium consumption and CVD mortality in the general population: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Public Health Nutr. 2015;18(4):695-704. PubMed
  21. Stallings VA, Harrison M, Oria M; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium, Food and Nutrition Board, Health and Medicine Division, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington (DC): National Acad
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Creatine 86 references
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Taurine 21 references
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Beta-alanine 13 references
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Betaine Hydrochloride 2 references
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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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