Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 6 of 10 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Pre-Workout Non-Stimulant Raspberry Lime Ricky Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Bucked Up

Powder Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Pre-Workout Non-Stimulant Raspberry Lime Ricky is a dietary supplement by Bucked Up with 10 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for replacing fluids and electrolytes, preventing dehydration during exercise or illness, treating low blood sodium (under medical care).Based on those ingredients, 293 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Sodium, Taurine, Deer Antler Velvet Extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Pre-Workout Non-Stimulant Raspberry Lime Ricky by Bucked Up

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 10 of its 10 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

This powder contains 10 active ingredients designed to support physical performance and endurance without caffeine or other stimulants. Sodium and Himalayan rock salt provide electrolytes; beta-alanine may support athletic performance and physical endurance; vitamin B12 supports energy and nerve function; taurine aids muscle recovery; citrulline malate may improve blood flow; alpha-GPC (AlphaSize) supports brain function; ActiGin and AstraGin are plant extracts aimed at performance; and deer velvet extract is included for recovery support.

The blend also contains inactive ingredients like malic acid, citric acid, beet root powder, grape powder, stevia, natural flavors, and silicates for texture and taste.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: enhance workout performance and recovery.
  • We looked for evidence on: Athletic performance, Exercise-induced muscle breakdown, Exercise-induced muscle soreness, Fatigue, muscle endurance, strength gains — and 1 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Beta-alanine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Athletic performance (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Deer Velvet is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Athletic performance, Fatigue.
  • Also on file: Vitamin B12 is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Fatigue.

Beta-alanine is possibly effective for athletic and physical performance. Vitamin B12 is effective for B12 deficiency and likely effective for cyanide poisoning, with possibly effective evidence for canker sores and nerve pain.

Taurine is possibly effective for hepatitis and congestive heart failure. For the other active ingredients—citrulline malate, ActiGin, AstraGin, and deer velvet extract—the evidence we hold is insufficient to rate their effectiveness for the claims made.

Alpha-GPC (AlphaSize) is possibly effective for Alzheimer disease but lacks sufficient evidence for cognitive function in healthy people.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Sodium Beta-alanine Vitamin B12 Taurine Alpha-gpc Deer Velvet

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 5 of the 6 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 6 of 6.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 6 of 6.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Sodium is generally well tolerated at normal dietary levels, but excess intake is linked to high blood pressure, heart strain, and kidney disease. Beta-alanine is generally well tolerated but commonly causes harmless tingling and flushing of the skin.

Vitamin B12 is very safe and generally well tolerated with no established upper limit. Taurine is generally well tolerated short-term, though long-term safety at high doses is less certain; it can cause constipation, diarrhea, or stomach upset.

Alpha-GPC is generally well tolerated but carries rare reports of dizziness, headache, and stroke with long-term use. Deer velvet extract appears well tolerated in short-term use, but long-term safety and product consistency are not well studied.

Beta-alanine, alpha-GPC, and deer velvet should be avoided in pregnancy and breastfeeding due to insufficient safety data. Taurine is likely safe in pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Sodium Beta-alanine Vitamin B12 Taurine Alpha-gpc Deer Velvet

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 5 of the 6 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Deer Velvet, Vitamin B12, Taurine, Alpha-gpc, Sodium.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: lithium.
  • For scale: 293 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Double-check before starting if you take blood pressure medications (antihypertensives) or lithium—sodium and taurine in this product may reduce their effectiveness or alter lithium levels. Also screen for corticosteroids, didanosine (Videx), sodium phosphates, tolvaptan (Samsca), birth control, estrogen-based drugs, scopolamine (Transderm Scop), or metformin (Glucophage).

Use the search tool on this page to confirm your exact medications are safe to combine with this product.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product may help with athletic performance and endurance if you're training hard and need support without stimulants. If you take any blood pressure medication, lithium, birth control, estrogen, or metformin, check your specific medications with the tool below before starting—sodium and other ingredients here can affect how they work.

Pregnant or breastfeeding? Talk with your doctor or pharmacist first, as several ingredients lack safety data.

Always discuss this product with your own healthcare provider before adding it to your routine.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 6 of 10 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jan 23, 2023.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Pre-Workout Non-Stimulant Raspberry Lime Ricky, straight from the product label.

Brand Bucked Up
Barcode (UPC) 851005007583
Net contents 11.35 Ounce(s); 321.63 Gram(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jan 23, 2023
DSLD ID 282491
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Powder
Dietary claims / uses Nutrient, All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Women (not pregnant or lactating)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Pre-Workout Non-Stimulant Raspberry Lime Ricky by Bucked Up, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
10.72 Gram(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
10.72 Gram(s)
Servings per container
30
UPC/BARCODE
851005007583
IngredientAmount% DV
Sodium39 mg2%
Beta-Alanine2000 mg--
Vitamin B12100 mcg1670%
Taurine100 mg--
Citrulline Malate6000 mg--
AlphaSize200 mg--
ActiGin25 mg--
Himalayan Rock Salt100 mg--
AstraGin25 mg--
Deer Antler Velvet Extract50 mg--

Other ingredients: Natural Flavors, Silicon Dioxide, Calcium Silicate, Stevia, Malic Acid, Citric Acid, Beet root powder, Grape, Powder

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formula

Recover Deer Antler Velvet 6g Citrulline - Pump 200 mg Alphasize

All Natty Natural flavors, colors, and sweeteners

Natural flavors Raspberry Lime Ricky

This scientifically based, non-proprietary blend with no fillers, is loaded with the most essential ingredients, including IGF-1 Deer Antler Velvet, to help enhance your workout. Prime Ingredients Citrulline - 6g to maximize blood flow (nitric oxide booster) ActiGin - Increase VO2 max & boost athletic performance Deer Antler Velvet - supports accelerated recovery AlphaSize - clinically shown to increase citrulline absorption by up to 66.7% Beta-Alanine - promotes strength, endurance, & muscle growth Raspberry / Lime flavor

Formulation

Gainz

Non-stimulant

This scientifically based, non-proprietary blend with no fillers, is loaded with the most essential ingredients, including IGF-1 Deer Antler Velvet, to help enhance your workout.

Focus Pump Strength Growth

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

General Statements

Game-changing formula DAS Labs presents Bucked Up, a game changing formula set to revolutionize pre-workout.

#Getbuckedup

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to: diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Seals/Symbols

Manufactured in USA GMP Good Manufacturing Practice Consistent Quality

Brand IP Statement(s)

ActiGin AstraGin AlphaSize Alpha-Glyceryl Phosphoryl Choline Registered trademarks of NuLiv Science USA inc. and CHEMI Nutra.

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Recommended dosage & directions: Mix 1 well-rounded scoop of Bucked Up into 6-8oz of water 15-30 minutes prior to physical activity. Due to its potency, we recommend taking no more than 1 scoop.

Precautions

Do not exceed 2 scoops in a 24-hour period.

This product is intended for use by adults 18+ keep out of reach of children.

Manufacturer's disclaimer: Consult your physician before using this product if you are taking any prescription or over-the-counter medications or supplements. Do not use this product if you are pregnant or nursing.

Do not use this product if you are at risk of or being treated for any medical condition. Discontinue use and consult your healthcare professional if you experience any adverse reaction to this product.

See for yourself

Pre-Workout Non-Stimulant Raspberry Lime Ricky by Bucked Up label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

What’s inside

The Ingredients in Pre-Workout Non-Stimulant Raspberry Lime Ricky by Bucked Up

These are the 10 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size10.72 Gram(s) Dosage formPowder Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Sodium

Interacts with
205 drugs
39 mg per serving

Sodium is an essential mineral and electrolyte your body needs to balance fluids, support nerves, and help muscles work. Most people in modern diets g...

Sodium monograph & interactions

Beta-Alanine

No known
interactions
2000 mg per serving

Beta-alanine is an amino acid taken mostly by athletes to raise muscle carnosine, which may help buffer acid and reduce fatigue during short, high-int...

Beta-Alanine monograph & interactions

Vitamin B12

Interacts with
20 drugs
100 mcg per serving Form: Methylcobalamin

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is an essential nutrient your body needs to make red blood cells, keep nerves healthy, and support DNA. Supplements are very h...

Vitamin B12 monograph & interactions

Taurine

Interacts with
173 drugs
100 mg per serving

Taurine is an amino acid your body makes naturally and that you also get from animal foods. It is widely used in energy drinks and sports supplements,...

Taurine monograph & interactions

Citrulline Malate

6000 mg per serving

AlphaSize

Interacts with
16 drugs
200 mg per serving Form: Alpha-Glycerylphosphorylcholine

Alpha-GPC is a choline-containing compound used mainly for memory, brain health, and as a choline source. There is some evidence it may help cognition...

AlphaSize monograph & interactions

ActiGin

25 mg per serving Form: Panax notoginseng, Rosa roxburghii

Himalayan Rock Salt

100 mg per serving Form: Trace Minerals

AstraGin

25 mg per serving Form: Astragalus, Panax notoginseng

Deer Antler Velvet Extract

Interacts with
52 drugs
50 mg per serving

Deer velvet is a traditional remedy made from the soft, growing antlers of deer or elk, and it is most often promoted for energy, athletic performance...

Deer Antler Velvet Extract monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Natural Flavors, Silicon Dioxide, Calcium Silicate, Stevia, Malic Acid, Citric Acid, Beet root powder, Grape, Powder. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Pre-Workout Non-Stimulant Raspberry Lime Ricky by Bucked Up Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Pre-Workout Non-Stimulant Raspberry Lime Ricky?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

Go to the checker
293Drugs
205 Moderate 88 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Sodium 205
Taurine 173

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Pre-Workout Non-Stimulant Raspberry Lime Ricky with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Sodium7 drug types · 205 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, a high intake of dietary sodium might reduce the effectiveness of antihypertensive drugs.
High intake of dietary sodium can increase systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Also, high intake of sodium may necessitate increased use of antihypertensive medications to achieve blood pressure control in some patients, such as those with chronic kidney disease.

Likelihood Probable Evidence A
Corticosteroids

Concomitant use of mineralocorticoids and some glucocorticoids with sodium supplements might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Mineralocorticoids and some glucocorticoids (corticosteroids) cause sodium retention. This effect is dose-related and depends on mineralocorticoid potency. It is most common with hydrocortisone, cortisone, and fludrocortisone, followed by prednisone and prednisolone.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Didanosine (Videx)

Concomitant use of didanosine with additional sodium from dietary or supplemental sources may increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Didanosine formulations contain a significant amount of sodium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C
Lithium

Altering dietary intake of sodium might alter the levels and clinical effects of lithium.
High sodium intake can reduce plasma concentrations of lithium by increasing lithium excretion. Reducing sodium intake can significantly increase plasma concentrations of lithium and cause lithium toxicity in patients being treated with lithium carbonate. Stabilizing sodium intake is shown to reduce the percentage of patients with lithium level fluctuations above 0.8 mEq/L. Patients taking lithium should avoid significant alterations in their dietary intake of sodium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Sodium Phosphates

Theoretically, concomitant use of sodium phosphate with sodium supplements might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Use of high doses (> 45 mL in 24 hours) of sodium phosphate, such as those used for bowel cleansing before surgery, can lead to serious electrolyte disturbances, including hypernatremia. The risk of hypernatremia is highest in the elderly and people with other risk factors for electrolyte disturbances.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Sodium-Containing Drugs

Concomitant use of sodium-containing drugs with additional sodium from dietary or supplemental sources may increase the risk of hypernatremia and long-term sodium-related complications.
The Chronic Disease Risk Reduction (CDRR) intake level of 2.3 grams of sodium daily indicates the intake at which it is believed that chronic disease risk increases for the apparently healthy population. Some medications contain high quantities of sodium. When used in conjunction with sodium supplements or high-sodium diets, the CDRR may be exceeded. Additionally, concomitant use may increase the risk for hypernatremia; this risk is highest in the elderly and people with other risk factors for electrolyte disturbances.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Tolvaptan (Samsca)

Theoretically, concomitant use of tolvaptan with sodium might increase the risk of hypernatremia.
Tolvaptan is a vasopressin receptor 2 antagonist that is used to increase sodium levels in patients with hyponatremia. Patients taking tolvaptan should use caution with the use of sodium salts such as sodium chloride.

Likelihood Probable Evidence C

Taurine2 drug types · 173 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, taurine might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Some clinical evidence suggests that taurine can reduce both systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Lithium

Theoretically, taurine might reduce excretion and increase plasma levels of lithium.
Taurine is thought to have diuretic properties, which might reduce the excretion of lithium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D

Deer Antler Velvet Extract2 drug types · 52 drugs

Contraceptive Drugs

Theoretically, deer velvet might interfere with the effectiveness of contraceptive drugs.
Laboratory research shows that deer velvet contains small quantities of estradiol and testosterone. While clinical research shows that taking deer velvet extract does not raise testosterone levels, estradiol levels were not measured.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Estrogens

Theoretically, deer velvet might increase the effects and side effects of estrogens.
Laboratory evidence shows that deer velvet contains small quantities of estradiol and testosterone. While clinical research shows that taking deer velvet extract does not raise testosterone levels, estradiol levels were not measured.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D

Vitamin B121 drug type · 20 drugs

Metformin (Glucophage)

Metformin, a common medication used to manage type 2 diabetes, has been associated with lower vitamin B12 levels in some individuals. Prolonged use of metformin can interfere with the absorption of B12 in the digestive system, potentially leading to a deficiency in this essential vitamin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence A

AlphaSize1 drug type · 16 drugs

Scopolamine (Transderm Scop)

Theoretically, alpha-GPC might decrease the effects of scopolamine.
A small clinical study shows that alpha-GPC can partially counteract the attention and memory impairment effects caused by scopolamine given intramuscularly. Whether alpha-GPC can decrease the beneficial anti-motion sickness effects of the scopolamine patch (Transderm Scop) is unclear.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Pre-Workout Non-Stimulant Raspberry Lime Ricky, from the product label.

Bucked Up

See all Bucked Up products
Name
DAS Labs
Street Address
781 Auto Mall Dr #102
City
American Fork
State
UT
ZipCode
84003
Phone Number
855.205.2825
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Pre-Workout Non-Stimulant Raspberry Lime Ricky by Bucked Up: Common Questions

Does Pre-Workout Non-Stimulant Raspberry Lime Ricky by Bucked Up interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Pre-Workout Non-Stimulant Raspberry Lime Ricky has a known interaction with 293 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Pre-Workout Non-Stimulant Raspberry Lime Ricky contains 10 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Will this give me the tingling feeling I've heard about?
Yes—beta-alanine commonly causes harmless skin tingling and flushing, usually starting on the scalp within 20 minutes and lasting about an hour. How noticeable it is depends on the dose. This is not dangerous, just an expected side effect.
Is this safe if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
Beta-alanine, alpha-GPC, and deer velvet should be avoided during pregnancy and breastfeeding because there isn't enough safety data. Vitamin B12 is safe at normal doses, and taurine is likely safe. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist about what's right for you before taking it.
Does this actually improve athletic performance?
Beta-alanine is possibly effective for athletic and physical performance based on clinical evidence. The other active ingredients either lack sufficient evidence or don't have well-established effects in healthy people—talk with your trainer or doctor about realistic expectations.
Can I take this if I'm on blood pressure medication?
Not without checking first. The sodium and taurine in this product may reduce how well your blood pressure medication works. Use the interaction checker on this page to confirm your specific medication, then talk with your doctor or pharmacist before starting.
Is there caffeine in this?
No—this is a non-stimulant pre-workout, so there's no caffeine. It's designed to support performance through other ingredients like beta-alanine, taurine, and citrulline malate instead.
What are all those plant extracts—ActiGin, AstraGin, AlphaSize?
ActiGin and AstraGin are plant extracts meant to support athletic performance and nutrient absorption, but we don't have detailed data on their effects. AlphaSize is alpha-GPC, a compound that supports brain function and is possibly effective for Alzheimer disease. Together they're meant to enhance the product's overall performance benefits.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Pre-Workout Non-Stimulant Raspberry Lime Ricky is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Pre-Workout Non-Stimulant Raspberry Lime Ricky label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Pre-Workout Non-Stimulant Raspberry Lime Ricky’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Sodium

Interacts with 205 drugs

Sodium is an essential mineral and electrolyte your body needs to balance fluids, support nerves, and help muscles work. Most people in modern diets get more than enough—often too much—from...

Read the full Sodium monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Beta-alanine

Beta-alanine is an amino acid taken mostly by athletes to raise muscle carnosine, which may help buffer acid and reduce fatigue during short, high-intensity exercise. The evidence is moderat...

Read the full Beta-alanine monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Vitamin B12

Interacts with 20 drugs

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is an essential nutrient your body needs to make red blood cells, keep nerves healthy, and support DNA. Supplements are very helpful for people who are deficient — su...

Read the full Vitamin B12 monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Taurine

Interacts with 173 drugs

Taurine is an amino acid your body makes naturally and that you also get from animal foods. It is widely used in energy drinks and sports supplements, and short-term use appears generally sa...

Read the full Taurine monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Alpha-gpc

Interacts with 16 drugs

Alpha-GPC is a choline-containing compound used mainly for memory, brain health, and as a choline source. There is some evidence it may help cognition in people with dementia, but evidence i...

Read the full Alpha-gpc monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Deer Velvet

Interacts with 52 drugs

Deer velvet is a traditional remedy made from the soft, growing antlers of deer or elk, and it is most often promoted for energy, athletic performance, and joint health. Good-quality human e...

Read the full Deer Velvet monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Pre-Workout Non-Stimulant Raspberry Lime Ricky's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 108 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Sodium 38 references
  1. Garabedian-Ruffalo SM, Ruffalo RL. Drug and nutrient interactions. Am Fam Physician 1986;33:165-74.
  2. Food and Drug Administration Science Background: Safety of Sodium Phosphates Oral Solution. September 17, 2001. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/safety/sodiumphospate.htm
  3. Coton T, Mallaret C, Coilliot C, Carre D, Guisset M. Severe acute ulcerated gastritis induced by salt. Presse Med 2009;38(3):499-500. PubMed
  4. Frings-Meuthen P, Buehlmeier J, Baecker N, et al. High sodium chloride intake exacerbates immobilization-induced bone resorption and protein losses. J Appl Physiol 2011;111(2):537-542. PubMed
  5. Frings-Meuthen P, Baecker N, Heer M. Low-grade metabolic acidosis may be the cause of sodium chloride-induced exaggerated bone resorption. J Bone Miner Res 2008;23(4):517-524. PubMed
  6. Alam S, Johnson AG. A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCT) among healthy normotensive and essential hypertensive elderly patients to determine the effect of high salt (NaCl) diet of blood pressure. J Hum Hypertens 1999;13(6):367-74.
  7. Boudville N, Ward S, Benaroia M, House AA. Increased sodium intake correlates with greater use of antihypertensive agents by subjects with chronic kidney disease. Am J Hypertens 2005;18(10):1300-5. PubMed
  8. Bennett WM. Drug interactions and consequences of sodium restriction. Am J Clin Nutr 1997;65(2 Suppl):678S-681S. PubMed
  9. Okusa MD, Crystal LJ. Clinical manifestations and management of acute lithium intoxication. Am J Med 1994;97(4):383-9. PubMed
  10. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary reference intakes for water, potassium, sodium, chloride, and sulfate. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2005. Available at: http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10925. DOI
  11. D'Elia L, Rossi G, Ippolito R, Cappuccio FP, Strazzullo P. Habitual salt intake and risk of gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Clin Nutr 2012;31(4):489-98. PubMed
  12. Goldsmith SR. Hyponatremia in heart failure: time for a trial. J Card Fail 2013;19(6):398-400. PubMed
  13. Willocks L, Brettle R, Keen J, Valentine C, Pinching AJ. Formulations of didanosine (ddI) and salt overload. Lancet 1992;339(8786):190.
  14. Chen L, Zhang Z, Chen W, Whelton PK, Appel LJ. Lower Sodium Intake and Risk of Headaches: Results From the Trial of Nonpharmacologic Interventions in the Elderly. Am J Public Health. 2016;106(7):1270-5. PubMed
  15. Cook NR, Appel LJ, Whelton PK. Lower levels of sodium intake and reduced cardiovascular risk. Circulation. 2014;129(9):981-9. PubMed
  16. Cook NR, Appel LJ, Whelton PK. Sodium Intake and All-Cause Mortality Over 20 Years in the Trials of Hypertension Prevention. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;68(15):1609-1617. PubMed
  17. Mente A, O'Donnell M, Rangarajan S, et al. Associations of urinary sodium excretion with cardiovascular events in individuals with and without hypertension: a pooled analysis of data from four studies. Lancet. 2016;388(10043):465-75. PubMed
  18. Moosavian SP, Haghighatdoost F, Surkan PJ, Azadbakht L. Salt and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2017;68(3):265-277. PubMed
  19. O'Donnell M, Mente A, Rangarajan S, et al. Urinary sodium and potassium excretion, mortality, and cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(7):612-23. DOI
  20. Poggio R, Gutierrez L, Matta MG, Elorriaga N, Irazola V, Rubinstein A. Daily sodium consumption and CVD mortality in the general population: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Public Health Nutr. 2015;18(4):695-704. PubMed
  21. Stallings VA, Harrison M, Oria M; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium, Food and Nutrition Board, Health and Medicine Division, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington (DC): National Acad
  22. Mahtani KR, Heneghan C, Onakpoya I, et al. Reduced Salt Intake for Heart Failure: A Systematic Review. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Dec 1;178(12):1693-1700. PubMed
  23. Yancy CW. Sodium Restriction in Heart Failure: Too Much Uncertainty-Do the Trials. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Dec 1;178(12):1700-1701. PubMed
  24. He FJ, Campbell NRC, Ma Y, MacGregor GA, Cogswell ME, Cook NR. Errors in estimating usual sodium intake by the Kawasaki formula alter its relationship with mortality: implications for public health. Int J Epidemiol. 2018;47(6):1784-1795. PubMed
  25. Murthy K, Ondrey GJ, Malkani N, et al. THE EFFECTS OF HYPONATREMIA ON BONE DENSITY AND FRACTURES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS. Endocr Pract. 2019;25(4):366-378. PubMed
  26. Messerli FH, Hofstetter L, Syrogiannouli L, et al. Sodium intake, life expectancy, and all-cause mortality. Eur Heart J 2021;42(21):2103-2112. PubMed
  27. Graudal NA, Hubeck-Graudal T, Jurgens G. Effects of low sodium diet versus high sodium diet on blood pressure, renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, cholesterol, and triglyceride. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020;12(12):CD004022. PubMed
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Beta-alanine 13 references
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Vitamin B12 30 references
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Taurine 21 references
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  3. Obermann M, Schorn CF, Mummel P, et al. Taurine induced toxic encephalopathy? Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2006;108:812-3. PubMed
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  6. Berger, A. J. and Alford, K. Cardiac arrest in a young man following excess consumption of caffeinated "energy drinks". Med J Aust. 1-5-2009;190(1):41-43. PubMed
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Alpha-gpc 4 references
  1. Di Perri R, Coppola G, Ambrosio LA, et al. A multicentre trial to the evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine versus cytosine diphosphocholine in patients with vascular dementia. J Int Med Res 1991;19:330-41.
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Deer Velvet 2 references
  1. Sleivert, G., Burke, V., Palmer, C., Walmsley, A., Gerrard, D., Haines, S., and Littlejohn, R. The effects of deer antler velvet extract or powder supplementation on aerobic power, erythropoiesis, and muscular strength and endurance characteristics. Int PubMed
  2. Bubenik, G. A., Miller, K. V., Lister, A. L., Osborn, D. A., Bartos, L., and van der Kraak, G. J. Testosterone and estradiol concentrations in serum, velvet skin, and growing antler bone of male white-tailed deer. J Exp Zoolog.A Comp Exp Biol 3-1-2005;30 PubMed

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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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