Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Preterm Pregnancy Support Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Mountain Meadow Herbs

Preterm Pregnancy Support label
See full label image
Liquid Category: Botanical
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 9, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Preterm Pregnancy Support against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Preterm Pregnancy Support is a dietary supplement by Mountain Meadow Herbs with 5 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for menopausal symptoms, menstrual cramps, hormone balance (popular belief).Based on those ingredients, 896 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Passionflower, False Unicorn, Wild Yam. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against Preterm Pregnancy Support by Mountain Meadow Herbs

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Preterm Pregnancy Support by Mountain Meadow Herbs — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Preterm Pregnancy Support by Mountain Meadow Herbs

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 5 active ingredients.
  • “Proprietary Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (1.25 mL) without saying how much of each component you get.

Mountain Meadow Herbs Preterm Pregnancy Support is a liquid with 5 active ingredients in a proprietary blend: Wild Yam, Passionflower, False Unicorn, Black Haw, and Cramp Bark. These are traditional botanicals — Wild Yam and Passionflower are used for menopausal symptoms and anxiety respectively, while False Unicorn, Black Haw, and Cramp Bark have been used in herbal medicine for menstrual and uterine support.

The liquid also contains glycerin, distilled water, and grain alcohol as inactive ingredients.

Does it work?

Not established
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Not established

The graded evidence we hold for these ingredients covers different conditions than the ones this product is marketed for, so there's no established rating for its stated use.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Calming support for expecting and nursing mothers.
  • We looked for evidence on: Stress, Pregnancy-related leg cramps, Muscle cramps, Dysmenorrhea, Menopausal symptoms, Miscarriage — and 3 related terms.
  • The closest evidence on file: Wild Yam is rated "Possibly Ineffective" for Menopausal symptoms (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Cramp Bark is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Muscle cramps, Dysmenorrhea, Pregnancy-related leg cramps.
  • Also on file: Passion Flower is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Menopausal symptoms, Muscle cramps, Stress.

The evidence for these ingredients is limited. Passionflower has Possibly Effective ratings for insomnia and pre-procedural anxiety — meaning there's some research support, though not conclusive.

Wild Yam is rated Possibly Ineffective for menopausal symptoms. For the others — Wild Yam on infertility and sexual dysfunction, False Unicorn, Black Haw, and Cramp Bark on their traditional uses — there isn't enough reliable evidence to establish whether they work.

The data we hold does not establish this product's effectiveness for preterm pregnancy support specifically.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Wild Yam Passion Flower False Unicorn Black Haw Cramp Bark

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 3 of the 5 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 5 of 5.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 5 of 5.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Passionflower is generally well tolerated but can cause drowsiness, dizziness, confusion, and in rare cases allergic reactions or serious heart rhythm changes at very high doses. Wild Yam is generally well tolerated short-term but can cause headache, fever, upset stomach, and vomiting, especially at higher doses; long-term safety isn't well studied.

False Unicorn can cause nausea and vomiting at large doses, and human safety data are limited. Black Haw and Cramp Bark have limited human safety data as well.

This product is not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Wild Yam, Passionflower, False Unicorn, Black Haw, and Cramp Bark all carry advice to avoid during pregnancy due to insufficient safety data and potential effects on the uterus.

The same applies to breastfeeding. Given the product's stated purpose, speak with your obstetrician or midwife before use.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Wild Yam Passion Flower False Unicorn Black Haw Cramp Bark

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 3 of the 5 matched ingredients can interact with medications — False Unicorn, Passion Flower, Wild Yam.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: lithium.
  • For scale: 897 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Check your medications with the tool on this page before starting, especially if you take: CYP2D6 substrates (Moderate risk — certain antidepressants, opioids, heart rhythm drugs), CYP3A4 substrates (Moderate risk — some heart and cancer medications), lithium, sedating drugs like benzodiazepines or sleep aids (Moderate risk), and estrogen or hormone therapy (Moderate risk from Wild Yam).

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with no established evidence rating for its marketed use. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product is designed for preterm pregnancy support but contains multiple ingredients we cannot recommend during pregnancy due to lack of safety data and theoretical uterine effects — which makes its intended use problematic. If you're pregnant or planning to become pregnant, do not use this product without explicit clearance from your OB-GYN or midwife.

Even outside pregnancy, check your exact medications with the tool on this page, especially if you take heart drugs, antidepressants, sedatives, lithium, or chemotherapy agents.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 5 of 5 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Feb 23, 2025.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Preterm Pregnancy Support, straight from the product label.

Brand Mountain Meadow Herbs
Barcode (UPC) 813086010692
Net contents 2 Fluid Ounce(s); 60 Milliliter(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Feb 23, 2025
DSLD ID 327787
Product type Botanical
Supplement form Liquid
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Vegan, Vegetarian, Pregnant Women, Lactating, Gluten Free, Dairy Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Preterm Pregnancy Support by Mountain Meadow Herbs, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Pregnant and Lactating
Minimum serving Sizes:
0.25 Teaspoon(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
0.25 Teaspoon(s)
Servings per container
48
UPC/BARCODE
813086010692
IngredientAmount% DV
Proprietary Blend1.25 mL--
Wild Yam0 NP--
Passionflower0 NP--
False Unicorn0 NP--
Black Haw0 NP--
Cramp bark0 NP--

Other ingredients: Glycerin, Water, Distilled, Grain Alcohol

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Formulation

Calming & Balancing

GF (Gluten free)

Vegan

Calming and balancing support Support a healthy pregnancy Support on-time delivery Midwife-favorite

Formula

Expecting & nursing moms

FDA Statement of Identity

Herbal Dietary Supplement

Seals/Symbols

Made in Montana USA

General Statements

1 dropperful = approx. 1/8 tsp.

See catalog for dosage information.

The MMH Three-leaf promise: Our high-standards produce nothing less than pure, safe, and effective herbal products. You will always feel that We Care- through our products, our service, and our understanding. We deliver on time.

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested use: Adult females: 1/4 tsp. 1-3 times daily as needed. Shake well.

Precautions

Caution: If you are pregnant, nursing, have a medical condition, or are taking a prescription, consult your health care provider before using this product.

Keep out of reach of children.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place out of sunlight.

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Preterm Pregnancy Support by Mountain Meadow Herbs label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Preterm Pregnancy Support label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Preterm Pregnancy Support by Mountain Meadow Herbs

These are the 5 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size0.25 Teaspoon(s) Dosage formLiquid Servings per container48 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Proprietary Blend

1.25 mL per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Glycerin, Water, Distilled, Grain Alcohol. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Preterm Pregnancy Support by Mountain Meadow Herbs Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Preterm Pregnancy Support?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
896Drugs
867 Moderate 29 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Passionflower 836
False Unicorn 740
Wild Yam 41

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Preterm Pregnancy Support interact with 896 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

3 of the 5 ingredients in Preterm Pregnancy Support interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Passionflower False Unicorn Wild Yam

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Preterm Pregnancy Support with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Passionflower3 drug types · 836 drugs

Cns Depressants

Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Research in animals and humans shows that passion flower has sedative effects which can be additive when used with sedative medications like lorazepam.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
In vitro research suggests that passion flower can induce CYP3A4 enzymes, albeit to a much lower degree than rifampin, a known CYP3A4 inducer.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide Substrates (Oatp)

Theoretically, passion flower might reduce the bioavailability of OATP2B1 and OATP1A2 substrates.
In vitro research shows that the passion flower constituents apigenin and vitexin inhibit OATP2B1 and OATP1A2. This inhibition may be dose-dependent. One specific high-flavonoid passion flower extract (Valverde) seems to inhibit OATP2B1 and OATP1A2, while another extract with a lower flavonoid concentration (Arkocaps) shows less potent inhibition. OATPs are responsible for the uptake of drugs and other compounds into the body; however, the specific activities of OATP2B1 and OATP1A2 are not well characterized.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Passionflower full monograph & interactions

False Unicorn3 drug types · 740 drugs

Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates

In vitro, false unicorn extract inhibits cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) activity. Theoretically, false unicorn might increase the levels of CYP2D6 substrates. Some of drugs that are CYP2D6 substrates include amitriptyline (Elavil), clozapine (Clozaril), codeine, desipramine (Norpramin), donepezil (Aricept), fentanyl (Duragesic), flecainide (Tambocor), fluoxetine (Prozac), meperidine (Demerol), methadone (Dolophine), metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL), olanzapine (Zyprexa), ondansetron (Zofran), tramadol (Ultram), trazodone (Desyrel), and others.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

In vitro, false unicorn extract inhibits cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) activity. Theoretically, false unicorn might increase the levels of CYP3A4 substrates. Drugs that might be affected include some calcium channel blockers (diltiazem, nicardipine, verapamil), chemotherapeutic agents (etoposide, paclitaxel, vinblastine, vincristine, vindesine), antifungals (ketoconazole, itraconazole), glucocorticoids, cisapride (Propulsid), alfentanil (Alfenta), fentanyl (Sublimaze), losartan (Cozaar), fluoxetine (Prozac), midazolam (Versed), omeprazole (Prilosec), ondansetron (Zofran), propranolol (Inderal), fexofenadine (Allegra), and numerous others.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Lithium

False unicorn is thought to have diuretic properties. Theoretically, due to these potential diuretic effects, false unicorn might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium. The dose of lithium might need to be decreased.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
False Unicorn full monograph & interactions

Wild Yam1 drug type · 41 drugs

Estrogens

Theoretically, wild yam might increase or decrease the effects of estrogen.
Wild yam root shows estrogenic and anti-estrogenic effects in vitro. Theoretically, wild yam might interfere with hormone therapy.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Wild Yam full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Preterm Pregnancy Support, from the product label.

Mountain Meadow Herbs

See all Mountain Meadow Herbs products
Name
Mountain Meadow Herbs, Inc.
Street Address
1019 Hard Rock Rd
City
Somers
State
MT
ZipCode
59932
Phone Number
888.528.8615
Web Address
www.mmherbs.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Preterm Pregnancy Support by Mountain Meadow Herbs: Common Questions

Does Preterm Pregnancy Support by Mountain Meadow Herbs interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Preterm Pregnancy Support has a known interaction with 896 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Preterm Pregnancy Support contains 5 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take this while pregnant?
No. Wild Yam, Passionflower, False Unicorn, Black Haw, and Cramp Bark all carry advice to avoid during pregnancy because safety data are insufficient and these herbs may affect the uterus. Talk to your obstetrician or midwife before using any supplement in pregnancy — even one designed for pregnancy support.
Can I take this while breastfeeding?
Not without talking to your doctor or lactation consultant first. All five active ingredients are recommended to avoid while breastfeeding due to insufficient safety information.
Does Passionflower in this product make you drowsy?
Yes, drowsiness is a common side effect of Passionflower. It can also cause dizziness and confusion. If you're driving or operating machinery, be cautious. Avoid combining it with sedating medications like sleep aids or anti-anxiety drugs.
What is False Unicorn used for in this product?
False Unicorn has been used traditionally in herbal medicine for menstrual and reproductive support, but there isn't enough reliable evidence to establish whether it actually works for that purpose. There is also no human safety data for it and it affects how your liver breaks down several medications.
Does this product have fillers?
The product contains glycerin, distilled water, and grain alcohol as inactive ingredients — these are part of the liquid formulation and are typical in herbal extracts.
Should I take this if I'm on lithium?
No, not without your doctor's approval. False Unicorn may reduce how your body excretes lithium, raising its levels and potentially requiring a dose adjustment. Talk to your prescriber before adding this product.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Preterm Pregnancy Support is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Preterm Pregnancy Support label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Preterm Pregnancy Support’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Wild Yam

Interacts with 41 drugs

Wild yam is a root traditionally used for menopausal symptoms, cramps, and as a so-called 'natural' hormone supplement, but solid human evidence for these uses is lacking. Despite popular cl...

Read the full Wild Yam monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Passion Flower

Interacts with 836 drugs

Passion flower is a traditional calming herb that many people use for anxiety and sleep. Early studies hint it may help with mild anxiety and restlessness, but the evidence is limited and mo...

Read the full Passion Flower monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

False Unicorn

Interacts with 740 drugs

False Unicorn is a North American plant whose root has long been used in traditional medicine for women's reproductive and menstrual concerns. There is very little reliable human research to...

Read the full False Unicorn monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Black Haw

Black Haw is a traditional herbal bark long used to ease menstrual cramps and uterine spasms, but modern human studies are very limited. It contains compounds that may relax smooth muscle, b...

Read the full Black Haw monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Cramp Bark

Cramp Bark is the dried bark of Viburnum opulus, traditionally used to ease muscle and menstrual cramps. Modern, high-quality human studies are very limited, so its effectiveness is not well...

Read the full Cramp Bark monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Preterm Pregnancy Support's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 31 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Wild Yam 7 references
  1. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  2. Eagon PK, Elm MS, Hunter DS, et al. Medicinal herbs: modulation of estrogen action. Era of Hope Mtg, Dept Defense; Breast Cancer Res Prog, Atlanta, GA 2000;Jun 8-11.
  3. Cheong JL, Bucknall R. Retinal vein thrombosis associated with a herbal phytoestrogen preparation in a susceptible patient. Postgrad Med J 2005;81:266-7.. PubMed
  4. Rosenberg Zand, R. S., Jenkins, D. J., and Diamandis, E. P. Effects of natural products and nutraceuticals on steroid hormone-regulated gene expression. Clin Chim.Acta 2001;312(1-2):213-219. PubMed
  5. Araghiniknam M, Chung S, Nelson-White T, and et al. Antioxidant activity of Dioscorea and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in older humans. Life Sciences 1996;59:L147-L157.
  6. Zeng M, Zhang L, Li M, et al. Estrogenic effects of the extracts from the Chinese Yam (Dioscorea opposite Thunb.) and its effective compounds in vitro and in vivo. Molecules. 2018 Jan 23;23(2). Pii: E11. PubMed
  7. Lu J, Wong RN, Zhang L, et al. Comparative analysis of proteins with stimulating activity on ovarian estradiol biosynthesis from four different Dioscorea species in vitro using both phenotypic and target-based approaches: implication for treating menopaus

See these in context on the Wild Yam monograph →

Passion Flower 19 references
  1. Newall CA, Anderson LA, Philpson JD. Herbal Medicine: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. London, UK: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1996.
  2. The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
  3. Fisher AA, Purcell P, Le Couteur DG. Toxicity of Passiflora incarnata L. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 2000;38:63-6.
  4. Akhondzadeh S, Naghavi HR, Shayeganpour A, et al. Passionflower in the treatment of generalized anxiety: a pilot double-blind randomized controlled trial with oxazepam. J Clin Pharm Ther 2001;26:363-7. PubMed
  5. Farnsworth N, Bingel A, Cordell G, et al. Potential value of plants as sources of new antifertility agents I. J Pharm Sci 1975;64:535-98. DOI
  6. Mori A, Hasegawa K, Murasaki M, et al. Clinical evaluation of Passiflamin (passiflora extract) on neurosis - multicenter double blind study in comparison with mexazolam. Rinsho Hyoka (Clinical Evaluation) 1993;21:383-440.
  7. Miyasaka LS, Atallah AN, Soares BG. Passiflora for anxiety disorder. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007;(1):CD004518. DOI
  8. Speroni E., Minghetti A. Neuropharmacological activity of extracts from Passiflora incarnata. Planta Med. 1988;54:488-91.
  9. Capasso A., Sorrentino L. Pharmacological studies on the sedative and hypnotic effect of Kava kava and Passiflora extracts combination. Phytomedicine. 2005;12:39-45. PubMed
  10. Carrasco MC, Vallejo JR, Pardo-de-Santayana M, et al. Interactions of Valeriana officinalis L. and Passiflora incarnata L. in a patient treated with lorazepam. Phytother Res. 2009 Dec;23:1795-6.
  11. Smith, G. W., Chalmers, T. M., and Nuki, G. Vasculitis associated with herbal preparation containing Passiflora extract. Br J Rheumatol. 1993;32(1):87-88.
  12. Soulimani, R., Younos, C., Jarmouni, S., Bousta, D., Misslin, R., and Mortier, F. Behavioural effects of Passiflora incarnata L. and its indole alkaloid and flavonoid derivatives and maltol in the mouse. J Ethnopharmacol. 1997;57(1):11-20. PubMed
  13. Nojoumi M, Ghaeli P, Salimi S, Sharifi A, Raisi F. Effects of Passion Flower Extract, as an Add-On Treatment to Sertraline, on Reaction Time in Patients ?with Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study. Iran J Psychiatry. 2016;1
  14. Rokhtabnak F, Ghodraty MR, Kholdebarin A, et al. Comparing the Effect of Preoperative Administration of Melatonin and Passiflora incarnata on Postoperative Cognitive Disorders in Adult Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery. Anesth Pain Med. 2016;7(1):e4123 PubMed
  15. Dantas LP, de Oliveira-Ribeiro A, de Almeida-Souza LM, Groppo FC. Effects of passiflora incarnata and midazolam for control of anxiety in patients undergoing dental extraction. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2017;22(1):e95-e101. PubMed
  16. Ozturk Z, Kalayci CC. Pregnancy outcomes in psychiatric patients treated with passiflora incarnata. Complement Ther Med. 2018 Feb;36:30-32. PubMed
  17. da Cunha RS, Amorim KS, Gercina AC, et al. Herbal medicines as anxiolytics prior to third molar surgical extraction. A randomized controlled clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig. 2020. PubMed
  18. Schäfer AM, Gilgen PM, Spirgi C, et al. Constituents of Passiflora incarnata, but Not of Valeriana officinalis, Interact with the Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptides (OATP)2B1 and OATP1A2. Planta Med. 2021. PubMed
  19. Mazzari ALDA, Lacerda MG, Milton FA, et al. In vitro effects of European and Latin-American medicinal plants in CYP3A4 gene expression, glutathione levels, and P-glycoprotein activity. Front Pharmacol 2022;13:826395. PubMed

See these in context on the Passion Flower monograph →

False Unicorn 4 references
  1. Newall CA, Anderson LA, Philpson JD. Herbal Medicine: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. London, UK: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1996.
  2. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  3. Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.
  4. Ho SH, Singh M, Holloway AC, Crankshaw DJ. The effects of commercial preparations of herbal supplements commonly used by women on the biotransformation of fluorogenic substrates by human cytochromes P450. Phytother Res. 2011;25(7):983-9. PubMed

See these in context on the False Unicorn monograph →

Black Haw 1 reference
  1. Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.

See these in context on the Black Haw monograph →

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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