Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 9 of 14 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Ultra Natural Prostate Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Life Extension

Softgel Capsule Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Ultra Natural Prostate is a dietary supplement by Life Extension with 14 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for benign prostatic hyperplasia (bph) symptoms, urinary symptoms in men, prostate health.Based on those ingredients, 616 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Flax (seed) Lignan extracts, Saw Palmetto CO2 extract, Dwarf Nettle extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Ultra Natural Prostate by Life Extension

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

What’s inside

Partial disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Partial

Most active ingredients list an amount, but at least one is hidden in a blend or missing.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 9 of its 14 active ingredients.
  • “Proprietary Enterolactone Precursors Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (20.15 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.
  • “Saw Palmetto CO2 extract” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label gives one combined amount (320 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.
  • “Stinging And Dwarf Nettle Extracts Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (240 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

Ultra Natural Prostate contains 14 active ingredients designed to support prostate health. The main players are pygeum extract (a traditional men's prostate remedy), beta-sitosterol (a plant-derived compound), saw palmetto extract, and two forms of stinging nettle.

You'll also find lycopene (the red pigment from tomatoes linked to prostate health), pumpkin seed oil, boron, and an Indian frankincense extract. The blend rounds out with flower pollen extract and lignan-based compounds from flax and Norway spruce wood.

The softgels also contain inactive ingredients—gelatin capsules, soy lecithin, glycerin, sunflower oil, and carob color, among others—that help hold everything together and keep it stable.

Does it work?

Strong evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Strong

Clinical evidence supports at least one of this product's ingredients for its stated purpose.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: prostate health and function support.
  • We looked for evidence on: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), Chronic prostatitis and chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS), Non-neurogenic lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), urinary flow, male urological health.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Pygeum is rated "Likely Effective" for Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Beta-sitosterol is rated "Likely Effective" for Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
  • Also on file: Pumpkin is rated "Possibly Effective" for Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

For benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)—enlarged prostate and urinary symptoms—three of these ingredients have solid backing: pygeum and beta-sitosterol are both rated Likely Effective, and pumpkin seed oil is Possibly Effective. Lycopene shows Possibly Effective evidence for prostate cancer risk, though not for other cancers.

Stinging nettle is rated only Possibly Effective for diabetes and lacks established evidence specifically for prostate health in our data. Several other ingredients—boron, AKBA components—have either insufficient evidence or no effectiveness data on file for prostate conditions.

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 7 of the 7 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 7 of 7.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 7 of 7.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Pygeum is generally well tolerated short-term, though long-term safety data are thin. It can cause nausea or abdominal pain in some people, but rates match placebo in trials.

Because it's meant for men's prostate health, it's best avoided in pregnancy and breastfeeding. Boron is generally safe at low doses from supplements and food, but high doses can be toxic; avoid supplemental boron in pregnancy.

Stinging nettle is generally well tolerated when used as directed, though constipation and diarrhea are possible. Avoid it in pregnancy due to traditional concerns about uterine effects, and breastfeeding safety isn't established.

Lycopene and beta-sitosterol are well tolerated at typical doses; gastrointestinal side effects like diarrhea, nausea, or indigestion can occur with lycopene supplements. Pumpkin seed oil is generally safe but may cause mild abdominal discomfort, nausea, or diarrhea in some cases.

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 4 of the 7 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Lycopene, Stinging Nettle, Pumpkin, Flaxseed.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; diabetes medications; lithium.
  • For scale: 605 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before you take this, double-check if you're on blood thinners (anticoagulants) like warfarin or antiplatelet drugs like aspirin—lycopene and stinging nettle both pose Moderate concerns here. If you take diabetes medications, water pills (diuretics), or lithium, stinging nettle can have additive effects or interfere with how your body clears lithium.

No interactions are documented for the other checked ingredients in our data.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glancePartially disclosed formula with clinical evidence supporting its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This is a multi-ingredient formula built for men's prostate support, with strong evidence behind pygeum and beta-sitosterol for BPH. If you take blood thinners, diabetes medications, diuretics, or lithium, check your exact medications with our tool first—stinging nettle and lycopene have documented concerns.

Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding should talk to their doctor or pharmacist before starting. Run through your medication list on this page to be sure.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 8 of 14 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jun 24, 2016.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Ultra Natural Prostate, straight from the product label.

Brand Life Extension
Barcode (UPC) 737870189565
Net contents 60 Softgel(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jun 24, 2016
DSLD ID 60775
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Softgel Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult Male (18-50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Ultra Natural Prostate by Life Extension, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
2 Softgel(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
2 Softgel(s)
Servings per container
30
UPC/BARCODE
737870189565
IngredientAmount% DV
Phospholipids0 NP--
Pygeum extract100 mg--
Boron3 mg--
Thymoquinone10 mg--
Lycopene10 mg--
Proprietary Enterolactone Precursors Blend20.15 mg--
Total Fatty Acids272 mg--
Saw Palmetto CO2 extract320 mg--
Beta-Sitosterol180 mg--
Stinging And Dwarf Nettle Extracts Blend240 mg--
Dwarf Nettle extract0 NP--
Graminex Flower Pollen extract252 mg--
AprèsFlex Indian Frankincense (Boswellia serrata) extract70 mg--
AKBA14 mg--
Pumpkin seed Oil200 mg--
Stinging (Nettle extract)0 NP--
ThymoQ Phospholipid Complex170 mg--
HMRlignan Norway Spruce (Picea abies) (knot wood) extract0 NP--
Flax (seed) Lignan extracts0 NP--

Other ingredients: Gelatin, Soy Lecithin, Glycerin, Sunflower Oil, purified Water, Fatty Acids, Carob color, Maltodextrin, Beeswax, Rosemary extract

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements

Scan for product info

To report a serious adverse event or obtain product information, contact 1-866-280-2852.

Comprehensive Support for Aging Prostate Glands

General

QE01895D

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Read the entire label and follow the directions carefully prior to use. Directions: Take two (2) softgels daily divided between morning and evening, with or without food, or as recommended by a healthcare practitioner.

Storage

Store tightly closed in a cool, dry place.

Precautions

Warnings: - Keep out of reach of children.

- Do not exceed recommended dose. - Do not purchase if outer seal is broken or damaged.

- When using nutritional supplements, please consult with your physician if you are undergoing treatment for a medical condition or if you are pregnant or lactating.

Contains soybeans.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Brand IP Statement(s)

ApresFlex is a registered trademark of Laila Nutraceuticals exclusively licensed to PL Thomas – Laila Nutra LLC. U.S. Patent No. 8,551,496 and other patents pending. HMRlignan is a trademark used under sublicense from Linnea S.A. Albion is a registered trademark of Albion Laboratories, Inc.

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Formula

Contains soybeans.

See for yourself

Ultra Natural Prostate by Life Extension label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

What’s inside

The Ingredients in Ultra Natural Prostate by Life Extension

These are the 14 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size2 Softgel(s) Dosage formSoftgel Capsule Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Pygeum extract

No known
interactions
100 mg per serving

Pygeum is an extract from the bark of the African cherry tree that is most often used to ease urinary symptoms linked to an enlarged prostate. Some st...

Pygeum extract monograph & interactions

Boron

No known
interactions
3 mg per serving Form: Albion Bororganic Glycine

Boron is a trace mineral found in many plant foods and sold as a supplement, mainly promoted for bone, joint, and hormone health. The human evidence f...

Boron monograph & interactions

Lycopene

Interacts with
122 drugs
10 mg per serving Form: natural Tomato extract

Lycopene is a red plant pigment and antioxidant found mainly in tomatoes and other red fruits. Eating lycopene-rich foods is linked with possible hear...

Lycopene monograph & interactions

Proprietary Enterolactone Precursors Blend

20.15 mg per serving

Saw Palmetto CO2 extract

Interacts with
174 drugs
320 mg per serving

Saw palmetto is a plant extract most often used for urinary symptoms linked to an enlarged prostate (BPH). The best research suggests it works no bett...

Saw Palmetto CO2 extract monograph & interactions
  • › Total Fatty Acids

Beta-Sitosterol

No known
interactions
180 mg per serving Form: Pine

Beta-sitosterol is a plant sterol that may modestly lower LDL ('bad') cholesterol and may help ease urinary symptoms from an enlarged prostate. Eviden...

Beta-Sitosterol monograph & interactions

Stinging And Dwarf Nettle Extracts Blend

240 mg per serving

Graminex Flower Pollen extract

252 mg per serving Form: Rye
70 mg per serving

Frankincense is the aromatic resin of the Boswellia tree and is best known for its boswellic acids, which may help with inflammation and joint pain. E...

AprèsFlex Indian Frankincense (Boswellia serrata) extract monograph & interactions
  • › AKBA

Pumpkin seed Oil

Interacts with
1 drug
200 mg per serving

Pumpkin is a nutritious squash, and its seeds and seed oil are the parts most often used as supplements, mainly for urinary and prostate symptoms. The...

Pumpkin seed Oil monograph & interactions

ThymoQ Phospholipid Complex

170 mg per serving
  • › Phospholipids
  • › Thymoquinone

Other (inactive) ingredients: Gelatin, Soy Lecithin, Glycerin, Sunflower Oil, Purified Water, Fatty Acids, Carob color, Maltodextrin, Beeswax, Rosemary extract. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Ultra Natural Prostate by Life Extension Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Ultra Natural Prostate?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

Go to the checker
616Drugs
616 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Lycopene 122

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Ultra Natural Prostate with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Flax (seed) Lignan extracts5 drug types · 597 drugs

Antibiotic Drugs

Theoretically, antibiotics might interfere with the metabolism of flaxseed constituents, which could potentially alter the effects of flaxseed.
Some potential benefits of flaxseed are thought to be due to its lignan content. Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG), a major lignan precursor, is found in high concentrations in flaxseed. SDG is converted by bacteria in the colon to the lignans enterolactone and enterodiol. Antibiotics alter the flora of the colon, which could theoretically alter the metabolism of flaxseed.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, using flaxseed in combination with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs might have additive effects and increase the risk of bleeding.
Some clinical evidence suggests that the oil contained in flaxseed can decrease platelet aggregation.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, flaxseed might have additive effects when used with antidiabetes drugs and increase the risk for hypoglycemia.
Some clinical research suggests that flaxseed can lower blood glucose levels.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, flaxseed might have additive effects when used with antihypertensive drugs and increase the risk of hypotension.
Clinical research shows that daily flaxseed consumption, especially for longer than 12 weeks, modestly reduces blood pressure.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Estrogens

Theoretically, taking flaxseed might decrease the effects of estrogens.
Flaxseed contains lignans with mild estrogenic and possible antiestrogenic effects. The lignans seem to compete with circulating endogenous estrogen and might reduce estrogen binding to estrogen receptors, resulting in an anti-estrogen effect. It is unclear if this effect transfers to exogenously administered estrogens.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Saw Palmetto CO2 extract3 drug types · 174 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Saw palmetto might increase the risk of bleeding with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Saw palmetto is reported to prolong bleeding time. Theoretically, it might increase the risk of bleeding when used concomitantly with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Contraceptive Drugs

Saw palmetto might reduce the effectiveness of contraceptive drugs.
Saw palmetto might have antiestrogenic effects. Theoretically, it might interfere with contraceptive drugs taken concomitantly.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Estrogens

Saw palmetto might reduce the effectiveness of estrogens.
Saw palmetto might have antiestrogenic effects. Theoretically, it might interfere with estrogens taken concomitantly.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B

Dwarf Nettle extract4 drug types · 164 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, stinging nettle might have additive effects with antidiabetes drugs.
Clinical research shows that stinging nettle might decrease blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Diuretic Drugs

Theoretically, combining stinging nettle with diuretic drugs may have additive effects.
Animal research suggests that the above ground parts and roots of stinging nettle may have a diuretic effect.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Lithium

Theoretically, stinging nettle might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium.
Animal research suggests that stinging nettle has diuretic and natriuretic properties, which could alter the excretion of lithium. The dose of lithium might need to be decreased.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

There is some concern that stinging nettle might decrease the effects of anticoagulant drugs such as warfarin.
Stinging nettle contains a significant amount of vitamin K. When taken in large quantities, this might interfere with the activity of warfarin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Lycopene1 drug type · 122 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, taking lycopene with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs might increase the risk of bleeding.
In vitro research shows that lycopene has antiplatelet effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Pumpkin seed Oil1 drug type · 1 drug

Lithium

Pumpkin might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium.
Pumpkin is thought to have diuretic properties. Theoretically, this might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium. The dose of lithium might need to be decreased.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Ultra Natural Prostate, from the product label.

Life Extension

See all Life Extension products
Name
Quality Supplements and Vitamins, Inc.
City
Ft. Lauderdale
State
FL
ZipCode
33309
Phone Number
866-280-2852
Web Address
www.lef.org
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Ultra Natural Prostate by Life Extension: Common Questions

Does Ultra Natural Prostate by Life Extension interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Ultra Natural Prostate has a known interaction with 616 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Ultra Natural Prostate contains 14 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Does this work for an enlarged prostate?
Pygeum and beta-sitosterol—two of the main ingredients—have solid evidence (Likely Effective) for benign prostatic hyperplasia and its urinary symptoms. Pumpkin seed oil shows Possibly Effective evidence too. The other ingredients have either insufficient evidence or no established rating for prostate health in our data.
Can I take this if I'm on warfarin or another blood thinner?
Not without checking first. Both lycopene and stinging nettle in this formula interact with blood thinners—stinging nettle contains vitamin K that can reduce warfarin's effect, and lycopene may increase bleeding risk. Use the search tool on this page to check your specific medication, or talk to your pharmacist.
What are the most common side effects?
Most people tolerate it well. The most likely side effects are mild gastrointestinal ones: nausea, diarrhea, constipation, gas, or indigestion. These match what's seen with individual ingredients like lycopene and beta-sitosterol in studies.
Is it safe to take during pregnancy?
Pygeum should be avoided in pregnancy because it's formulated for men's prostate health and has no established safe use in pregnancy. Stinging nettle is also best avoided due to traditional concerns about effects on the uterus and insufficient safety data. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist for personalized advice.
What if I take diabetes medication?
Stinging nettle, which is in this product, can lower blood sugar and theoretically add to the effect of your diabetes drugs. Check your specific medication with our tool, and let your pharmacist know you're taking this so they can watch for low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) signs.
What is pygeum extract, and why is it in here?
Pygeum is an African tree bark used traditionally for men's prostate health. It's rated Likely Effective for BPH—the enlarged prostate that causes urinary problems—making it a standard choice in prostate supplements.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Ultra Natural Prostate is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Ultra Natural Prostate label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Ultra Natural Prostate’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Pygeum

Pygeum is an extract from the bark of the African cherry tree that is most often used to ease urinary symptoms linked to an enlarged prostate. Some studies suggest modest benefit for these s...

Read the full Pygeum monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Boron

Boron is a trace mineral found in many plant foods and sold as a supplement, mainly promoted for bone, joint, and hormone health. The human evidence for most of these uses is limited or prel...

Read the full Boron monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Lycopene

Interacts with 122 drugs

Lycopene is a red plant pigment and antioxidant found mainly in tomatoes and other red fruits. Eating lycopene-rich foods is linked with possible heart and prostate benefits, but evidence fr...

Read the full Lycopene monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Flaxseed

Interacts with 597 drugs

Flaxseed is a nutritious food rich in fiber, omega-3 fats (ALA), and plant compounds called lignans. It is most reliably helpful for constipation and may modestly lower cholesterol, but evid...

Read the full Flaxseed monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Saw Palmetto

Interacts with 174 drugs

Saw palmetto is a plant extract most often used for urinary symptoms linked to an enlarged prostate (BPH). The best research suggests it works no better than a placebo for most men, though i...

Read the full Saw Palmetto monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Beta-sitosterol

Beta-sitosterol is a plant sterol that may modestly lower LDL ('bad') cholesterol and may help ease urinary symptoms from an enlarged prostate. Evidence is moderate for these uses and weaker...

Read the full Beta-sitosterol monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Stinging Nettle

Interacts with 164 drugs

Stinging nettle is a common plant used as food and in traditional medicine, most often for prostate symptoms, allergies, and joint pain. The evidence is mixed and mostly preliminary, so it i...

Read the full Stinging Nettle monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Frankincense

Frankincense is the aromatic resin of the Boswellia tree and is best known for its boswellic acids, which may help with inflammation and joint pain. Early research is promising for condition...

Read the full Frankincense monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Pumpkin

Interacts with 1 drug

Pumpkin is a nutritious squash, and its seeds and seed oil are the parts most often used as supplements, mainly for urinary and prostate symptoms. The evidence for these uses is limited and...

Read the full Pumpkin monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Ultra Natural Prostate's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 115 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Pygeum 3 references
  1. Ishani A, MacDonald R, Nelson D, et al. Pygeum africanum for the treatment of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review and quantitative meta-analysis. Am J Med 2000;109:654-64.. PubMed
  2. Wilt T, Ishani A, Mac Donald R, et al. Pygeum africanum for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002;CD001044.. PubMed
  3. Andro M and Riffaud J. Pygeum africanum extract for the treatment of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a review of 25 years of published experience. Curr Ther Res 1995;56(8):796-817. DOI

See these in context on the Pygeum monograph →

Boron 6 references
  1. Ellenhorn MJ, et al. Ellenhorn's Medical Toxicology: Diagnoses and Treatment of Human Poisoning. 2nd ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 1997.
  2. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002.
  3. Thai L, Hart LL. Boric acid vaginal suppositories. Ann Pharmacother 1993;27:1355-7.
  4. Acs N, Banhidy F, Puho E, Czeizel AE. Teratogenic effects of vaginal boric acid treatment during pregnancy. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2006;93:55-6. PubMed
  5. Garabrant, D. H., Bernstein, L., Peters, J. M., and Smith, T. J. Respiratory and eye irritation from boron oxide and boric acid dusts. J Occup Med 1984;26(8):584-586. PubMed
  6. Hjelm C, Harari F, Vahter M. Pre- and postnatal environmental boron exposure and infant growth: results from a mother-child cohort in northern Argentina. Environ Res 2019;171:60-8. PubMed

See these in context on the Boron monograph →

Lycopene 10 references
  1. Sharma, J. B., Kumar, A., Kumar, A., Malhotra, M., Arora, R., Prasad, S., and Batra, S. Effect of lycopene on pre-eclampsia and intra-uterine growth retardation in primigravidas. Int J Gynaecol.Obstet. 2003;81(3):257-262. PubMed
  2. Hsiao, G., Wang, Y., Tzu, N. H., Fong, T. H., Shen, M. Y., Lin, K. H., Chou, D. S., and Sheu, J. R. Inhibitory effects of lycopene on in vitro platelet activation and in vivo prevention of thrombus formation. J Lab Clin Med 2005;146(4):216-226. PubMed
  3. Clark, P. E., Hall, M. C., Borden, L. S., Jr., Miller, A. A., Hu, J. J., Lee, W. R., Stindt, D., D'Agostino, R., Jr., Lovato, J., Harmon, M., and Torti, F. M. Phase I-II prospective dose-escalating trial of lycopene in patients with biochemical relapse o
  4. O'Kennedy, N., Crosbie, L., Whelan, S., Luther, V., Horgan, G., Broom, J. I., Webb, D. J., and Duttaroy, A. K. Effects of tomato extract on platelet function: a double-blinded crossover study in healthy humans. Am.J.Clin.Nutr. 2006;84(3):561-569. PubMed
  5. Jatoi, A., Burch, P., Hillman, D., Vanyo, J. M., Dakhil, S., Nikcevich, D., Rowland, K., Morton, R., Flynn, P. J., Young, C., and Tan, W. A tomato-based, lycopene-containing intervention for androgen-independent prostate cancer: results of a Phase II stu
  6. Schwenke, C., Ubrig, B., Thurmann, P., Eggersmann, C., and Roth, S. Lycopene for advanced hormone refractory prostate cancer: a prospective, open phase II pilot study. J.Urol. 2009;181(3):1098-1103. PubMed
  7. Banerjee, S., Jeyaseelan, S., and Guleria, R. Trial of lycopene to prevent pre-eclampsia in healthy primigravidas: results show some adverse effects. J.Obstet.Gynaecol.Res. 2009;35(3):477-482. PubMed
  8. Haseen, F., Cantwell, M. M., O'Sullivan, J. M., and Murray, L. J. Is there a benefit from lycopene supplementation in men with prostate cancer? A systematic review. Prostate Cancer Prostatic.Dis. 2009;12(4):325-332. PubMed
  9. Ilic, D., Forbes, K. M., and Hassed, C. Lycopene for the prevention of prostate cancer. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2011;(11):CD008007. PubMed
  10. Sawardekar SB, Patel TC, Uchil D. Comparative evaluation of antiplatelet effect of lycopene with aspirin and the effect of their combination on platelet aggregation: an in vitro study. Indian J Pharmacol 2016;48:26-31. PubMed

See these in context on the Lycopene monograph →

Saw Palmetto 22 references
  1. Wilt TJ, Ishani A, Stark G, et al. Saw palmetto extracts for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review. JAMA 1998;280:1604-9. PubMed
  2. Carraro JC, Raynaud JP, Koch G, et al. Comparison of phytotherapy (Permixon) with finasteride in the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia: a randomized international study of 1,098 patients. Prostate 1996;29:231-40. DOI
  3. Di Silverio F, D'Eramo G, Lubrano C, et al. Evidence that Serenoa repens extract displays an antiestrogenic activity in prostatic tissue of benign prostatic hypertrophy patients. Eur Urol 1992;21:309-14. PubMed
  4. Stepanov VN, Siniakova LA, Sarrazin B, Raynaud JP. Efficacy and tolerability of the lipidosterolic extract of Serenoa repens (Permixon) in benign prostatic hyperplasia: a double-blind comparison of two dosage regimens. Adv Ther 1999;16:231-41.
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Stinging Nettle 23 references
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Frankincense 2 references
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Pumpkin 5 references
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Flaxseed 37 references
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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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