Water Pills Ingredients & Drug Interactions
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Water Pills against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Water Pills is a dietary supplement by Sundown Naturals with 8 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for high cholesterol, digestive complaints, menopausal symptoms.Based on those ingredients, 1,378 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Uva Ursi extract, Alfalfa, Buchu extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Water Pills by Sundown Naturals
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Water Pills by Sundown Naturals — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Water Pills by Sundown Naturals
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Full disclosure
Water Pills contains eight ingredients. The active ones are alfalfa leaf, potassium, asparagus root extract, parsley leaf and root, juniper berry extract, uva ursi extract, buchu extract, and couch grass.
These are traditional diuretic and kidney-support botanicals combined with a mineral (potassium) that your body loses when you urinate more. The remaining ingredients are inactive — vegetable cellulose for the capsule, calcium carbonate, dextrates, and silica, which are fillers and binders.
Does it work?
Leans against
The evidence for what these ingredients actually do is thin. Alfalfa, asparagus, parsley, juniper, uva ursi, and buchu all carry effectiveness ratings of insufficient reliable evidence for their traditional uses — meaning studies haven't proven them work for conditions like high cholesterol, urinary tract infections, or kidney stones.
Uva ursi is rated possibly ineffective for UTIs. This product's actual benefit hasn't been established in the data we hold.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Most of these ingredients are generally well tolerated in the amounts typically found in food — alfalfa sprouts, parsley in cooking, asparagus as a vegetable. But concentrated supplements are a different story.
Alfalfa may cause digestive upset (bloating, diarrhea) and rarely a lupus-like syndrome with long-term use; it's not safe in supplement amounts during pregnancy because of its estrogen-like activity. Potassium from food is fine, but supplemental potassium can cause dangerously high blood levels, especially in people with kidney disease, and may trigger heart rhythm problems.
Parsley in food amounts is safe, but medicinal doses carry a small risk of serious side effects at very high doses. Uva ursi should be used only short-term because high doses can cause seizures and breathing problems; avoid it in pregnancy and while breastfeeding.
Juniper and buchu lack strong safety data in medicinal doses and are traditionally avoided in pregnancy. Safety data for couch grass is limited.
Meds to double-check
Major interaction found
Check before taking this if you use warfarin (Coumadin) or other blood thinners — alfalfa and parsley may reduce their effect or increase bleeding risk (Major and Moderate severity). Also flag potassium-sparing water pills, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, diabetes medications, birth control pills, estrogen therapy, lithium, or immune-suppressing drugs.
Several ingredients interact with these at Moderate severity.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with graded evidence leaning against its stated purpose. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
This is a multi-ingredient herbal water pill where the active ingredients haven't been proven to work for their intended purposes, and several of them interact with common medications — especially blood thinners, diabetes drugs, and heart or blood pressure medications. If you take any prescription drugs, check them against our tool before using this product.
Even if you don't, talk to your pharmacist, since potassium and diuretic herbs aren't right for everyone.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 8 of 8 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Mar 24, 2017.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Water Pills, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Sundown Naturals |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 030768003746 |
| Net contents | 60 Tablet(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Mar 24, 2017 |
| DSLD ID | 71770 |
| Product type | Botanical With Nutrients |
| Supplement form | Tablet Or Pill |
| Dietary claims / uses | Nutrient, All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Water Pills by Sundown Naturals, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Alfalfa | 2 mg | -- |
| Potassium | 20 mg | 1% |
| Asparagus | 15 mg | -- |
| Parsley | 10 mg | -- |
| Juniper extract | 10 mg | -- |
| Uva Ursi extract | 5 mg | -- |
| Buchu extract | 500 mcg | -- |
| Couch Grass | 20 mg | -- |
Other ingredients: Vegetable Cellulose, Calcium Carbonate, Dextrates, Silica, Contains <2% of:
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Seals/Symbols
No dairy/lactose No artificial flavors Non-GMO
Certified GF gluten-free
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Directions: For adults, take one (1) tablet up to three times daily, preferably with meals.
Precautions
As a reminder, discuss the supplements and medications you take with your health care providers.
Warning: Not intended for use by pregnant or nursing women. If you are taking any medications or have any medical condition, consult your doctor before use.
Discontinue use and consult your doctor if any adverse reactions occur.
Not intended for use by persons under the age of 18.
Keep out of reach of children.
Tamper Resistant: Do not use if blister seal is cut, torn or open.
Formulation
No gluten, no wheat, no milk, no lactose, no artificial flavor, no preservatives, no soy, no yeast, no fish. Sodium free.
No preservatives
Caffeine free
100% No dairy/lactose No artificial flavors Non-GMO GF Certified gluten-free
Vegetarian formula
Storage
Store at room temperature and avoid excessive heat.
General Statements
Made in the USA with select ingredients from around the world
Smart facts Naturally sourced colors
Supports fluid balance
General
Prod. No. 44613 14M B67356
Brand IP Statement(s)
2016
Formula
Contains essential mineral potassium
This product contains the essential mineral potassium, which works with sodium to regulate the body’s water balance.
FDA Statement of Identity
Herbal Supplement
FDA Disclaimer Statement
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Water Pills by Sundown Naturals label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Water Pills by Sundown Naturals
These are the 8 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 Tablet(s) Dosage formTablet Or Pill Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Alfalfa
Interacts with583 drugs
Alfalfa is a nutrient-rich legume that people use for high cholesterol, menopause symptoms, and general wellness, but solid human evidence for most of...
Alfalfa monograph & interactionsPotassium
Interacts with62 drugs
Potassium is an essential mineral your body needs for nerve signals, muscle function, and a steady heartbeat, and most people get enough from a balanc...
Potassium monograph & interactionsAsparagus
Interacts with76 drugs
Asparagus is a nutritious vegetable that is safe and healthy to eat as part of a normal diet. Most of its claimed medicinal benefits, such as use as a...
Asparagus monograph & interactionsParsley
Interacts with443 drugs
Parsley is a popular culinary herb that is safe to eat in normal food amounts and is a good source of vitamins K and C. It is traditionally used as a...
Parsley monograph & interactionsJuniper extract
Interacts with162 drugs
Juniper berry is a traditional herb best known for flavoring gin and for its folk use as a diuretic and digestive aid. Solid human evidence for its he...
Juniper extract monograph & interactionsUva Ursi extract
Interacts with803 drugs
Uva ursi is a traditional herb used mainly for urinary tract infections, and its leaves contain a compound called arbutin that may have antimicrobial...
Uva Ursi extract monograph & interactionsBuchu extract
Interacts with481 drugs
Buchu is a fragrant South African shrub whose leaves are traditionally used for urinary and bladder complaints and as a diuretic. Solid human studies...
Buchu extract monograph & interactionsCouch Grass
No knowninteractions
Couch grass is a common lawn weed whose rhizome has long been used in traditional European herbal medicine, mainly for urinary and bladder complaints....
Couch Grass monograph & interactionsOther (inactive) ingredients: Vegetable Cellulose, Calcium Carbonate, Dextrates, Silica, Contains <2% of:. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Water Pills by Sundown Naturals Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Water Pills by Sundown Naturals contains eight ingredients, and several of them interact with medications.
The most serious concern is alfalfa, which can significantly reduce the blood-thinning effect of warfarin (Coumadin) — a Major-severity interaction. Alfalfa is high in vitamin K, which directly opposes how warfarin works.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Moderate interactions span multiple drug categories. Potassium can dangerously raise blood potassium levels when combined with potassium-sparing water pills (diuretics), ACE inhibitors, or ARBs.
Parsley may thin the blood (raising bleeding risk with anticoagulants like warfarin or aspirin), lower blood sugar (with diabetes drugs), interfere with birth control pills, or amplify the effects of certain sedatives. Alfalfa also theoretically interferes with birth control, estrogen therapy, and immune-suppressing drugs, and may worsen low blood sugar if you're on diabetes medication.
Asparagus and juniper have mild to moderate diuretic effects that could interact with water pills or lithium. Uva ursi may alter how your body metabolizes several drug types, and buchu may increase bleeding risk or affect lithium levels.
Couch Grass was not checked for interactions — we hold no data on it. Altogether, these interactions span 1,356 individual medications.
Before you start this product, run your exact medications through the checker below.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Water Pills?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Water Pills interact with 1,378 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
7 of the 8 ingredients in Water Pills interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Uva Ursi extract Alfalfa Buchu extract Parsley Juniper extract Asparagus Potassium
WarfarinWarfarin
How Warfarin interacts with Water Pills — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
AlfalfaWarfarin (coumadin) Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, alfalfa might reduce the anticoagulant activity of warfarin.
Read the full Alfalfa + Warfarin interactionUva Ursi ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2c19 (cyp2c19) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, uva ursi may decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Uva Ursi Extract + Warfarin interactionParsleyCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, parsley might increase serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Parsley + Warfarin interactionBuchu ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Buchu may have antiplatelet effects.
Read the full Buchu Extract + Warfarin interactionWarfarin SodiumCoumadin, Panwarfin, Sofarin
How Warfarin Sodium interacts with Water Pills — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
AlfalfaWarfarin (coumadin) Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, alfalfa might reduce the anticoagulant activity of warfarin.
Read the full Alfalfa + Warfarin Sodium interactionUva Ursi ExtractCytochrome P450 2c19 (cyp2c19) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, uva ursi may decrease the metabolism of CYP2C19 substrates.
Read the full Uva Ursi Extract + Warfarin Sodium interactionParsleyAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Warfarin (coumadin) +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, parsley might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Parsley + Warfarin Sodium interactionBuchu ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Buchu may have antiplatelet effects.
Read the full Buchu Extract + Warfarin Sodium interaction6-mercaptopurinePurinethol
How 6-mercaptopurine interacts with Water Pills — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Buchu ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Buchu contains pulegone, a known hepatotoxin.
Read the full Buchu Extract + 6-mercaptopurine interactionAlfalfaImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, alfalfa might decrease the efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Alfalfa + 6-mercaptopurine interactionAdo-trastuzumab EmtansineKadcyla
How Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interacts with Water Pills — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Uva Ursi ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, uva ursi may decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Uva Ursi Extract + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionAbacavir Sulfate, Dolutegravir, LamivudineTriumeq
How Abacavir Sulfate, Dolutegravir, Lamivudine interacts with Water Pills — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Buchu ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Buchu contains pulegone, a known hepatotoxin.
Read the full Buchu Extract + Abacavir Sulfate, Dolutegravir, Lamivudine interactionAbacavir, LamivudineEpzicom
How Abacavir, Lamivudine interacts with Water Pills — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Buchu ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Buchu contains pulegone, a known hepatotoxin.
Read the full Buchu Extract + Abacavir, Lamivudine interactionAbciximabReoPro
How Abciximab interacts with Water Pills — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Buchu ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Buchu may have antiplatelet effects.
Read the full Buchu Extract + Abciximab interactionParsleyAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, parsley might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Parsley + Abciximab interactionAbemaciclibVerzenio
How Abemaciclib interacts with Water Pills — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Uva Ursi ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, uva ursi may decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Uva Ursi Extract + Abemaciclib interactionAbiraterone
How Abiraterone interacts with Water Pills — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Uva Ursi ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, uva ursi may decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Uva Ursi Extract + Abiraterone interactionBuchu ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Buchu contains pulegone, a known hepatotoxin.
Read the full Buchu Extract + Abiraterone interactionAbiraterone AcetateYonsa, Zytiga
How Abiraterone Acetate interacts with Water Pills — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Buchu ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Buchu contains pulegone, a known hepatotoxin.
Read the full Buchu Extract + Abiraterone Acetate interactionUva Ursi ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, uva ursi may decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Uva Ursi Extract + Abiraterone Acetate interactionAbrocitinibCibinqo
How Abrocitinib interacts with Water Pills — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Buchu ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Buchu may have antiplatelet effects.
Read the full Buchu Extract + Abrocitinib interactionParsleyAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, parsley might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Parsley + Abrocitinib interactionUva Ursi ExtractCytochrome P450 2c19 (cyp2c19) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, uva ursi may decrease the metabolism of CYP2C19 substrates.
Read the full Uva Ursi Extract + Abrocitinib interactionAlfalfaImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, alfalfa might decrease the efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Alfalfa + Abrocitinib interactionAcalabrutinibCalquence
How Acalabrutinib interacts with Water Pills — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Uva Ursi ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, P-glycoprotein Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, uva ursi may decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Uva Ursi Extract + Acalabrutinib interactionAcarboseGlucobay, Prandase, Precose
How Acarbose interacts with Water Pills — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Juniper ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking juniper berry with antidiabetes medications might cause additive hypoglycemia.
Read the full Juniper Extract + Acarbose interactionAlfalfaAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, alfalfa might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Alfalfa + Acarbose interactionBuchu ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Buchu contains pulegone, a known hepatotoxin.
Read the full Buchu Extract + Acarbose interactionParsleyAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, parsley might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Parsley + Acarbose interactionAcebutololRhotral, Sectral
How Acebutolol interacts with Water Pills — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Buchu ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Buchu contains pulegone, a known hepatotoxin.
Read the full Buchu Extract + Acebutolol interactionAcenocoumarolSintrom
How Acenocoumarol interacts with Water Pills — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Buchu ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Buchu may have antiplatelet effects.
Read the full Buchu Extract + Acenocoumarol interactionParsleyAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, parsley might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Parsley + Acenocoumarol interactionAcepromazineAtravet
How Acepromazine interacts with Water Pills — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
AlfalfaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of alfalfa with photosensitizing drugs might have additive effects.
Read the full Alfalfa + Acepromazine interactionAcetaminophenChildren's Tylenol, Children's Tylenol Meltaways, Tylenol, Tylenol Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen interacts with Water Pills — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Buchu ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Buchu contains pulegone, a known hepatotoxin.
Read the full Buchu Extract + Acetaminophen interactionUva Ursi ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, uva ursi may increase levels of drugs metabolized by glucuronidation.
Read the full Uva Ursi Extract + Acetaminophen interactionParsleyCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, parsley might increase serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Parsley + Acetaminophen interactionAcetaminophen, AspirinGemnisyn
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin interacts with Water Pills — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
ParsleyCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, parsley might increase serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Parsley + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionUva Ursi ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, uva ursi may increase levels of drugs metabolized by glucuronidation.
Read the full Uva Ursi Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionBuchu ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Buchu contains pulegone, a known hepatotoxin.
Read the full Buchu Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAcetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with Water Pills — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
ParsleyAspirin, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, aspirin might increase the severity of allergic reactions to parsley.
Read the full Parsley + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionUva Ursi ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, uva ursi may increase levels of drugs metabolized by glucuronidation.
Read the full Uva Ursi Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionBuchu ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Hepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Buchu may have antiplatelet effects.
Read the full Buchu Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Brompheniramine, PhenylpropanolamineDimetapp Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Water Pills — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
ParsleyCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, parsley might increase serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Parsley + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAlfalfaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of alfalfa with photosensitizing drugs might have additive effects.
Read the full Alfalfa + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionBuchu ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Buchu contains pulegone, a known hepatotoxin.
Read the full Buchu Extract + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionUva Ursi ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, uva ursi may increase levels of drugs metabolized by glucuronidation.
Read the full Uva Ursi Extract + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, ButalbitalAxocet, Bancap, Bucet, Butex Forte, Esgic CF, Orbivan CF +5 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital interacts with Water Pills — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Uva Ursi ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, uva ursi may increase levels of drugs metabolized by glucuronidation.
Read the full Uva Ursi Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionParsleyCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, parsley might increase serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Parsley + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionBuchu ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Buchu contains pulegone, a known hepatotoxin.
Read the full Buchu Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CaffeineEsgic, Esgic Plus, Fiogesic, Fioricet, Repan, Tecnal +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interacts with Water Pills — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Buchu ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Buchu contains pulegone, a known hepatotoxin.
Read the full Buchu Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionUva Ursi ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, uva ursi may increase levels of drugs metabolized by glucuronidation.
Read the full Uva Ursi Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionParsleyCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, parsley might increase serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Parsley + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, CodeineEsgic with Codeine, Fioricet w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Water Pills — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
ParsleyCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, parsley might increase serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Parsley + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionUva Ursi ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, uva ursi may increase levels of drugs metabolized by glucuronidation.
Read the full Uva Ursi Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionBuchu ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Buchu contains pulegone, a known hepatotoxin.
Read the full Buchu Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CodeineBancap w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interacts with Water Pills — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Uva Ursi ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, uva ursi may increase levels of drugs metabolized by glucuronidation.
Read the full Uva Ursi Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionBuchu ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Buchu contains pulegone, a known hepatotoxin.
Read the full Buchu Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionParsleyCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, parsley might increase serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Parsley + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine PhosphatePhrenilin #3
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interacts with Water Pills — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
ParsleyCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, parsley might increase serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Parsley + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionUva Ursi ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, uva ursi may increase levels of drugs metabolized by glucuronidation.
Read the full Uva Ursi Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionBuchu ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Buchu contains pulegone, a known hepatotoxin.
Read the full Buchu Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, PhenylephrineHycomine Compound
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interacts with Water Pills — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
ParsleyCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, parsley might increase serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Parsley + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionUva Ursi ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, uva ursi may decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Uva Ursi Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionBuchu ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Buchu contains pulegone, a known hepatotoxin.
Read the full Buchu Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionAlfalfaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of alfalfa with photosensitizing drugs might have additive effects.
Read the full Alfalfa + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, CodeineGesic C15, Gesic C30, Gesic C8, Lenoltec 1, Lenoltec 2, Lenoltec 3 +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Water Pills — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Uva Ursi ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, uva ursi may decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Uva Ursi Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionParsleyCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, parsley might increase serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Parsley + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionBuchu ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Buchu contains pulegone, a known hepatotoxin.
Read the full Buchu Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, SalicylamideCodalan No.1, Codalan No.2, Codalan No.3
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interacts with Water Pills — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Buchu ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Buchu contains pulegone, a known hepatotoxin.
Read the full Buchu Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionUva Ursi ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, uva ursi may increase levels of drugs metabolized by glucuronidation.
Read the full Uva Ursi Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionParsleyCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, parsley might increase serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Parsley + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, DihydrocodeineDHC Plus, Panlor DC, Panlor SS
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interacts with Water Pills — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Buchu ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Buchu contains pulegone, a known hepatotoxin.
Read the full Buchu Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionUva Ursi ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, uva ursi may decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Uva Ursi Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionParsleyCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, parsley might increase serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Parsley + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, IsomethepteneMigralam
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interacts with Water Pills — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Uva Ursi ExtractGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, uva ursi may increase levels of drugs metabolized by glucuronidation.
Read the full Uva Ursi Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionBuchu ExtractHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Buchu contains pulegone, a known hepatotoxin.
Read the full Buchu Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionParsleyCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, parsley might increase serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Parsley + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Water Pills with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Uva Ursi extract
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (Cyp2C19) Substrates
Theoretically, uva ursi may decrease the metabolism of CYP2C19 substrates.
In vitro, uva ursi appears to inhibit cytochrome CYP2C19. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, uva ursi may decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
In vitro, uva ursi appears to inhibit CYP3A4. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Glucuronidated Drugs
Theoretically, uva ursi may increase levels of drugs metabolized by glucuronidation.
In vitro, uva ursi extract appears to strongly inhibit UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A1 (UGT1A1). However, uva ursi extract does not appear to inhibit UGT1A1 in animal models. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Lithium
Theoretically, uva ursi may increase lithium levels, necessitating a decrease in dose.
Uva ursi may have diuretic properties. Diuretics may increase lithium reabsorption with sodium in the proximal tubule of the kidney. Theoretically, uva ursi might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium.
Urinary Acidifying Agents
Effects of uva ursi in the urinary tract may be reduced by urinary acidifying agents.
Uva ursi seems to work best in alkaline urine. Theoretically, taking uva ursi with medications known to acidify the urine may decrease any effects of uva ursi on the urinary tract.
P-Glycoprotein Substrates
Theoretically, uva ursi may alter the levels of drugs transported by P-glycoprotein.
In vitro, uva ursi appears to inhibit the multi-drug transporter protein, P-glycoprotein. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Alfalfa
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Theoretically, alfalfa might reduce the anticoagulant activity of warfarin.
Alfalfa contains a large amount of vitamin K. This could theoretically interfere with the activity of warfarin.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, alfalfa might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Animal research suggests that alfalfa decreases blood sugar in diabetic mice. Also, in one case report, a diabetic patient experienced hypoglycemia after consuming alfalfa extract. Monitor blood glucose levels closely. Dose adjustments might be necessary.
Contraceptive Drugs
Theoretically, alfalfa might interfere with the activity of contraceptive drugs.
Alfalfa contains coumestrol, a phytoestrogen, and isoflavonoids, which have estrogenic effects.
Estrogens
Theoretically, alfalfa might interfere with hormone therapy.
Alfalfa contains coumestrol, a phytoestrogen, and isoflavonoids, which have estrogenic effects.
Immunosuppressants
Theoretically, alfalfa might decrease the efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy.
In vitro research and human case reports suggest that alfalfa may have immunostimulant effects.
Photosensitizing Drugs
Theoretically, concomitant use of alfalfa with photosensitizing drugs might have additive effects.
Animal research suggests that excessive doses of alfalfa may increase photosensitivity, possibly due to its chlorophyll content. It is unclear if this effect would be clinically relevant in humans.
Buchu extract
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Buchu may have antiplatelet effects. Theoretically, buchu may enhance the effects of anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs and increase the risk of bleeding in some patients. Some anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs include aspirin, clopidogrel (Plavix), dalteparin (Fragmin), enoxaparin (Lovenox), heparin, ticlopidine (Ticlid), warfarin (Coumadin), and others.
Hepatotoxic Drugs
Buchu contains pulegone, a known hepatotoxin. There is some concern that buchu may adversely affect the liver, especially when the leaf is used in large doses or the oil is ingested. Theoretically, concomitant use with hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver damage. Some of these drugs include acarbose (Precose, Prandase), amiodarone (Cordarone), atorvastatin (Lipitor), azathioprine (Imuran), carbamazepine (Tegretol), cerivastatin (Baycol), diclofenac (Voltaren), felbamate (Felbatol), fenofibrate (Tricor), fluvastatin (Lescol), gemfibrozil (Lopid), isoniazid, itraconazole, (Sporanox), ketoconazole (Nizoral), leflunomide (Arava), lovastatin (Mevacor), methotrexate (Rheumatrex), nevirapine (Viramune), niacin, nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin), pioglitazone (Actos), pravastatin (Pravachol), pyrazinamide, rifampin (Rifadin), ritonavir (Norvir), rosiglitazone (Avandia), simvastatin (Zocor), tacrine (Cognex), tamoxifen, terbinafine (Lamisil), valproic acid, and zileuton (Zyflo)
Lithium
Buchu is thought to have diuretic properties. Theoretically, buchu might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium. The dose of lithium might need to be decreased.
Parsley
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, parsley might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Animal research suggests that parsley has antiplatelet effects.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, parsley might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Animal research suggests that parsley might decrease blood glucose. Monitor blood glucose levels closely. Dose adjustments might be necessary.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Theoretically, parsley might increase serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
Laboratory research suggests that parsley can inhibit CYP1A2.
Diuretic Drugs
Theoretically, parsley might enhance or interfere with the effects of diuretic drugs.
Animal research suggests that parsley seed extract increases urine elimination. Parsley leaf and root might also interfere with diuretic therapy due their purported aquaretic effects.
Pentobarbital (Nembutal)
Theoretically, parsley might increase the duration of pentobarbital effects.
Animal research suggests that parsley juice prolongs the action of pentobarbital, perhaps by decreasing cytochrome P450 levels. It is not known if this occurs in humans or if this applies to other barbiturates or sedatives.
Sirolimus (Rapamune)
Theoretically, large quantities of parsley might increase sirolimus levels.
In one case report, an adult female with a history of kidney transplant presented with elevated blood sirolimus levels, approximately 4-7 times greater than previous measures, after daily consumption of a juice containing approximately 30 grams of parsley for 7 days. Sirolimus levels returned to normal a week after the parsley juice was discontinued.
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Theoretically, large amounts of parsley leaf and root might decrease the effects of warfarin.
Parlsey contains vitamin K.
Aspirin
Theoretically, aspirin might increase the severity of allergic reactions to parsley.
In one case, severe urticaria and swelling were reported after taking aspirin with parsley in an individual with a known mild parsley allergy.
Juniper extract
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, taking juniper berry with antidiabetes medications might cause additive hypoglycemia.
Animal research shows that juniper berry can lower blood glucose.
Diuretic Drugs
Theoretically, juniper berry might increase the risk of adverse effects from diuretic drugs.
Juniper berry is thought to have mild diuretic effects.
Lithium
Theoretically, juniper berry might reduce lithium excretion and increase serum levels of lithium.
Juniper berry is thought to have mild diuretic effects.
Asparagus
Diuretic Drugs
Theoretically, asparagus root might increase diuresis and electrolyte loss when used with diuretic drugs.
Animal studies show that asparagus root extracts have diuretic effects. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Lithium
Theoretically, asparagus root might cause diuresis, reducing lithium clearance.
Animal studies show that asparagus root extracts have diuretic effects. Theoretically, this might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium. The dose of lithium might need to be decreased.
Potassium
Ace Inhibitors (Aceis)
Using ACEIs with high doses of potassium increases the risk of hyperkalemia.
ACEIs block the actions of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and reduce potassium excretion. Concomitant use of these drugs with potassium supplements increases the risk of hyperkalemia. However, concomitant use of these drugs with moderate dietary potassium intake (about 3775-5200 mg daily) does not increase serum potassium levels.
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (Arbs)
Using ARBs with high doses of potassium increases the risk of hyperkalemia.
ARBs block the actions of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and reduce potassium excretion. Concomitant use of these drugs with potassium supplements increases the risk of hyperkalemia. However, concomitant use of these drugs with moderate dietary potassium intake (about 3775-5200 mg daily) does not increase serum potassium levels.
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics
Concomitant use increases the risk of hyperkalemia.
Using potassium-sparing diuretics with potassium supplements increases the risk of hyperkalemia.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Water Pills, from the product label.
Sundown Naturals
See all Sundown Naturals products- Name
- Rexall Sundown, Inc.
- City
- Boca Raton
- State
- FL
- ZipCode
- 33487
- Phone Number
- 1-888-848-2435
- Web Address
- www.sundownnaturals.com
Water Pills by Sundown Naturals: Common Questions
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Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
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Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Water Pills’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Alfalfa
Interacts with 583 drugsAlfalfa is a nutrient-rich legume that people use for high cholesterol, menopause symptoms, and general wellness, but solid human evidence for most of these uses is limited. It is best avoid...
Read the full Alfalfa monograph → Herb & supplement monographPotassium
Interacts with 62 drugsPotassium is an essential mineral your body needs for nerve signals, muscle function, and a steady heartbeat, and most people get enough from a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables. P...
Read the full Potassium monograph → Herb & supplement monographAsparagus
Interacts with 76 drugsAsparagus is a nutritious vegetable that is safe and healthy to eat as part of a normal diet. Most of its claimed medicinal benefits, such as use as a diuretic or for urinary health, come fr...
Read the full Asparagus monograph → Herb & supplement monographParsley
Interacts with 443 drugsParsley is a popular culinary herb that is safe to eat in normal food amounts and is a good source of vitamins K and C. It is traditionally used as a diuretic and for digestion, but solid hu...
Read the full Parsley monograph → Herb & supplement monographJuniper
Interacts with 162 drugsJuniper berry is a traditional herb best known for flavoring gin and for its folk use as a diuretic and digestive aid. Solid human evidence for its health benefits is limited, and it can irr...
Read the full Juniper monograph → Herb & supplement monographUva Ursi
Interacts with 803 drugsUva ursi is a traditional herb used mainly for urinary tract infections, and its leaves contain a compound called arbutin that may have antimicrobial effects in the urine. Evidence in people...
Read the full Uva Ursi monograph → Herb & supplement monographBuchu
Interacts with 481 drugsBuchu is a fragrant South African shrub whose leaves are traditionally used for urinary and bladder complaints and as a diuretic. Solid human studies are lacking, so its benefits are largely...
Read the full Buchu monograph → Herb & supplement monographCouch Grass
Couch grass is a common lawn weed whose rhizome has long been used in traditional European herbal medicine, mainly for urinary and bladder complaints. High-quality human studies are lacking,...
Read the full Couch Grass monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Water Pills's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 97 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Alfalfa 32 references
- Newall CA, Anderson LA, Philpson JD. Herbal Medicine: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. London, UK: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1996.
- The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
- Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
- Kurzer MS, Xu X. Dietary phytoestrogens. Annu Rev Nutr 1997;17:353-81. PubMed
- Farber JM, Carter AO, Varughese PV, et al. Listeriosis traced to the consumption of alfalfa tablets and soft cheese [Letter to the Editor]. N Engl J Med 1990;322:338. PubMed
- Molgaard J, von Schenck H, Olsson AG. Alfalfa seeds lower low density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B concentrations in patients with type II hyperlipoproteinemia. Atherosclerosis 1987;65:173-9. PubMed
- Light TD, Light JA. Acute renal transplant rejection possibly related to herbal medications. Am J Transplant 2003;3:1608-9. PubMed
- Prete PE. The mechanism of action of L-canavanine in inducing autoimmune phenomena. Arthritis Rheum 1985;28:1198-200. PubMed
- Alcocer-Varela J, Iglesias A, Llorente L, Alarcon-Segovia D. Effects of L-canavanine on T cells may explain the induction of systemic lupus erythematosus by alfalfa. Arthritis Rheum 1985;28:52-7. PubMed
- Roberts JL, Hayashi JA. Exacerbation of SLE associated with alfalfa ingestion. N Engl J Med 1983;308:1361. DOI
- Feingold, R. M. Should we fear "health foods"? Arch Intern Med 7-12-1999;159(13):1502. PubMed
- Taormina, P. J., Beuchat, L. R., and Slutsker, L. Infections associated with eating seed sprouts: an international concern. Emerg.Infect.Dis 1999;5(5):626-634. PubMed
- Backer, H. D., Mohle-Boetani, J. C., Werner, S. B., Abbott, S. L., Farrar, J., and Vugia, D. J. High incidence of extra-intestinal infections in a Salmonella Havana outbreak associated with alfalfa sprouts. Public Health Rep. 2000;115(4):339-345. PubMed
- Mohle-Boetani J, Werner B, Polumbo M, and et al. From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Alfalfa sprouts-- Arizona, California, Colorado, and New Mexico, February-April, 2001. JAMA 2-6-2002;287(5):581-582.
- Howard, M. B. and Hutcheson, S. W. Growth dynamics of Salmonella enterica strains on alfalfa sprouts and in waste seed irrigation water. Appl.Environ.Microbiol. 2003;69(1):548-553.
- Winthrop, K. L., Palumbo, M. S., Farrar, J. A., Mohle-Boetani, J. C., Abbott, S., Beatty, M. E., Inami, G., and Werner, S. B. Alfalfa sprouts and Salmonella Kottbus infection: a multistate outbreak following inadequate seed disinfection with heat and chl
- Strapp, C. M., Shearer, A. E., and Joerger, R. D. Survey of retail alfalfa sprouts and mushrooms for the presence of Escherichia coil O157:H7, Salmonella, and Listeria with BAX, and evaluation of this polymerase chain reaction-based system with experimen
- Akaogi, J., Barker, T., Kuroda, Y., Nacionales, D. C., Yamasaki, Y., Stevens, B. R., Reeves, W. H., and Satoh, M. Role of non-protein amino acid L-canavanine in autoimmunity. Autoimmun.Rev 2006;5(6):429-435. PubMed
- Burden and causes of foodborne disease in Australia: Annual report of the OzFoodNet network, 2005. Commun.Dis Intell. 2006;30(3):278-300.
- Shemesh, M., Lindner, H. R., and Ayalon, N. Affinity of rabbit uterine oestradiol receptor for phyto-oestrogens and its use in a competitive protein-binding radioassay for plasma coumestrol. J Reprod.Fertil. 1972;29(1):1-9. PubMed
- Elakovich, S. D. and Hampton, J. M. Analysis of coumestrol, a phytoestrogen, in alfalfa tablets sold for human consumption. J Agric.Food Chem. 1984;32(1):173-175. PubMed
- Malinow, M. R., Bardana, E. J., Jr., Pirofsky, B., Craig, S., and McLaughlin, P. Systemic lupus erythematosus-like syndrome in monkeys fed alfalfa sprouts: role of a nonprotein amino acid. Science 4-23-1982;216(4544):415-417. PubMed
- Malinow, M. R., McLaughlin, P., and Stafford, C. Alfalfa seeds: effects on cholesterol metabolism. Experientia 5-15-1980;36(5):562-564. PubMed
- Farnsworth, N. R. Alfalfa pills and autoimmune diseases. Am J Clin Nutr. 1995;62(5):1026-1028. DOI
- Herbert, V. and Kasdan, T. S. Alfalfa, vitamin E, and autoimmune disorders. Am J Clin Nutr 1994;60(4):639-640.
- Mahon, B. E., Ponka, A., Hall, W. N., Komatsu, K., Dietrich, S. E., Siitonen, A., Cage, G., Hayes, P. S., Lambert-Fair, M. A., Bean, N. H., Griffin, P. M., and Slutsker, L. An international outbreak of Salmonella infections caused by alfalfa sprouts grow
- Gray, A. M. and Flatt, P. R. Pancreatic and extra-pancreatic effects of the traditional anti- diabetic plant, Medicago sativa (lucerne). Br J Nutr. 1997;78(2):325-334.
- Van Beneden, C. A., Keene, W. E., Strang, R. A., Werker, D. H., King, A. S., Mahon, B., Hedberg, K., Bell, A., Kelly, M. T., Balan, V. K., Mac Kenzie, W. R., and Fleming, D. Multinational outbreak of Salmonella enterica serotype Newport infections due to
- Rubenstein AH, Levin NW, and Elliott GA. Manganese-induced hypoglycemia. Lancet 1962;1348-1351.
- Kaufman W. Alfalfa seed dermatitis. JAMA 1954;155(12):1058-1059. PubMed
- Ponka A, Andersson Y, Siitonen A, and et al. Salmonella in alfalfa sprouts. Lancet 1995;345:462-463. PubMed
- Puschner B, Chen X, Read D, Affolter VK. Alfalfa hay induced primary photosensitization in horses. Vet J. 2016 May;211:32-8. PubMed
Potassium 12 references
- McEvoy GK, ed. AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1998.
- Gennaro A. Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy. 19th ed. Lippincott: Williams & Wilkins, 1996.
- Whelton PK, He J, Cutler JA, et al. Effects of oral potassium on blood pressure. Meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. JAMA 1997;277:1624-32. PubMed
- Phillips, C. O., Kashani, A., Ko, D. K., Francis, G., and Krumholz, H. M. Adverse effects of combination angiotensin II receptor blockers plus angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors for left ventricular dysfunction: a quantitative review of data from ra DOI
- Altieri, P. I., Herrero, C., Suero, R., and Ortiz, A. Bleeding duodenal ulcer in a patient taking slow-releasing potassium tablets. Bol.Asoc.Med P.R. 1977;69(8):276.
- Raf, L. E. Enteric-coated potassium chloride tablets and ulcer of the small intestine. Acta Chir Scand Suppl 1967;(374):1-87.
- Potassium chloride oral solution [package insert]. Allentown, PA: Lehigh Valley Technologies, Inc.; 2014.
- Potassium chloride injection [package insert]. Lake Forest, IL: Hospira Inc.; 2009.
- Patel RB, Tannenbaum S, Viana-Tejedor A, et al. Serum potassium levels, cardiac arrhythmias, and mortality following non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction or unstable angina: insights from MERLIN-TIMI 36. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care 2017 Feb;6(1):1 PubMed
- Malta D, Arcand J, Ravindran A, Floras V, Allard JP, Newton GE. Adequate intake of potassium does not cause hyperkalemia in hypertensive individuals taking medications that antagonize the renin angiotensin aldosterone system. Am J Clin Nutr 2016 Oct;104(4 PubMed
- Keskin M, Kaya A, Tatlisu MA, et al. The effect of serum potassium level on in-hospital and long-term mortality in ST elevation myocardial infarction. Int J cardiol. 2016 Oct 15;221:505-10.
- Stallings VA, Harrison M, Oria M; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium, Food and Nutrition Board, Health and Medicine Division, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington (DC): National Acad
Asparagus 14 references
- The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
- Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
- Volz T, Berner D, Weigert C, et al. Fixed food eruption caused by asparagus. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005;116:1390-2. PubMed
- Huang X, Kong L. Steroidal saponins from roots of Asparagus officinalis. Steroids 2006;71:171-6. PubMed
- Rodriguez R, Jaramillo S, Rodriguez G, et al. Antioxidant activity of ethanolic extracts from several asparagus cultivars. J Agric Food Chem 2005;53:5212-7. PubMed
- Rieker J, Ruzicka T, Neumann NJ, Homey B. Protein contact dermatitis to asparagus. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2004;113:354-5. PubMed
- Tabar AI, Alvarez-Puebla MJ, Gomez B, et al. Diversity of asparagus allergy: clinical and immunological features. Clin Exp Allergy 2004;34:131-6. PubMed
- Rademaker M, Yung A. Contact dermatitis to Asparagus officinalis. Australas J Dermatol 2000;41:262-3.
- Misico, R. I., Nicotra, V. E., Oberti, J. C., Barboza, G., Gil, R. R., and Burton, G. Withanolides and related steroids. Prog.Chem.Org.Nat.Prod. 2011;94:127-229.
- Hausen BM, Wolf C. 1,2,3-Trithiane-5-carboxylic acid, a first contact allergen from Asparagus officinalis (Liliaceae). Am J Contact Dermat 1996;7(1):41-46. PubMed
- Escribano MM, Munoz-Bellido FJ, Serrano P, et al. Acute urticaria after ingestion of asparagus. Allergy 1998;53(6):622-623. PubMed
- Chrubasik S, Droste C, Black A. Asparagus P(R) cannot compete with first-line diuretics in lowering the blood pressure in treatment-requiring antihypertensives. Phytother Res 2009;23:1345-6.
- Gaus BM, Scheiba N, Schäkel K. Asparagus-induced fixed food eruptions mimicking cutaneous lupus. Acta Derm Venereol 2014;94:731-2. PubMed
- Yanagi T, Shimizu H, Shimizu T. Occupational contact dermatitis caused by asparagus. Contact Dermatitis 2010;63:54. PubMed
Parsley 21 references
- Newall CA, Anderson LA, Philpson JD. Herbal Medicine: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. London, UK: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1996.
- Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
- McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
- Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
- Robbers JE, Tyler VE. Tyler's Herbs of Choice: The Therapeutic Use of Phytomedicinals. New York, NY: The Haworth Herbal Press, 1999.
- Foster S, Tyler VE. Tyler's Honest Herbal, 4th ed., Binghamton, NY: Haworth Herbal Press, 1999. DOI
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